CN1982049A - 用于对超耐热合金(hrsa)和不锈钢进行按磨损要求的切断和切槽的硬质合金刀片 - Google Patents
用于对超耐热合金(hrsa)和不锈钢进行按磨损要求的切断和切槽的硬质合金刀片 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000816 inconels 718 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001067 superalloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于对超耐热合金和不锈钢进行切断和切槽的切削刀片，其包括基质和涂层。所述基质由5－7wt－％的Co和0.15－0.60wt－％的TaC和0.10－0.50wt－％的NbC，以及余量的WC组成。所述涂层包括均匀的AlxTi1－xN层，其中x＝0.6－0.7，并且厚度为1－3.8μm。
Description
本发明涉及一种涂层的切削刀具刀片，特别适用于对超耐热合金和不锈钢进行切断和切槽。相对较薄的PVD涂层极大增加了侧面的耐磨性，涂层的附着性和切口的耐磨性，并且细晶粒基质提供了良好的对塑性变形的抵抗性。
用于超耐热合金和不锈钢的切断和切槽的涂层的切削刀具刀片且特别是其刀刃线必须具有以下特征：
1.较高的抵抗塑性变形性，这是因为切削过程在切削刃和刀片处产生很高的温度。
2.良好的抵抗磨蚀磨损性，以便避免很快产生侧面磨损。
3.良好的抵抗粘附磨损性，以及基质和涂层之间很好的附着性。超耐热合金和不锈钢的碎屑非常易于被焊接到刀片表面上。
4.良好的抵抗切口磨损性，切口磨损出现在切削的深度和副切削刃处。
5.良好的刀刃线韧度，以便避免破损或碎裂。当加工超耐热合金和不锈钢时，通常很难实现良好的碎屑控制，其结果导致碎屑冲击和碎屑堵塞，引起刀刃线中破碎。
美国专利US6,261,673公开了一种涂层的硬质合金刀片，其适用于钢部件的切槽或切断，例如钢或不锈钢管或杆。这种刀片的特征在于，WC-Co基的硬质合金基质和相对较薄的涂层，其中WC-Co基的硬质合金基质具有高W合金化的Co粘结相，而涂层包括具有柱状晶粒TiCxNyOz的内层，然后跟着是细晶粒κ-AL2O3层，以及顶层TiN层。
美国专利US6,342,291公开一种有用于对钢部件切槽和切断的涂层的切削刀具，例如钢或不锈钢管或杆。这种刀片的特征在于，WC-Co基的硬质合金基质和坚硬耐磨的涂层，其中WC-Co基的硬质合金基质具有高W合金化的Co粘结相，而坚硬且耐磨的涂层包括具有重复变化的Ti/Al比率的(TixAl1-x)N组分内层的多层结构。
本发明的目的是提供一种切削刀具的刀片，特别适用于超耐热合金以及不锈钢的切断和切槽。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种切削刀具的刀片，其具有提高的磨损和切口耐磨性以及提高的沿刀刃线的涂层的附着性。
现已发现，相对较薄的均匀的(Ti，Al)N的PVD涂层极大提高了侧面和切口的耐磨性，并且减小了粘附磨损，以及与细晶粒层的结合提供了良好的对塑性变形的抵抗性。
由此，本发明涉及一种涂层的切削刀具的刀片，其包括硬质合金基质和涂层。硬质合金基质由5-7wt-％的Co，优选地为5.8-6.2wt-％的Co，最优选地为6.0wt-％的Co，0.15-0.60wt-％的TaC，优选地为0.20-0.30wt-％的TaC，0.10-0.50wt-％的NbC，优选地为0.10-0.20wt-％的NbC，以及余量的WC组成。硬质合金主体还可以包含少量其他成分，但是处于与工艺杂质量对应的水平。矫顽力为19.5-24.5kA/m。
Co粘结相与一定量的W合金化，给予本发明的硬质合金切削刀片其所需的特性。粘结相中的W影响Co的磁性能，并且由此关系到CW比率，CW比率定义如下：
CW比率＝magnetic-％Co/wt-％Co
其中magnetic-％Co是磁性Co的重量百分量，而wt-％Co是Co在硬质合金中的重量百分量。
CW比率在1和大约0.75之间变化，其取决于合金化程度。在粘结相内，较低的CW比率对应于较高的W含量，而CW比率＝1对应于几乎没有W。
现已发现，如果硬质合金具有0.85-1.00的CW比率，优选地为0.9-0.98，最优选地为0.92-0.97，则可以实现提高的切削性能。
涂层包括均匀的AlxTi1-xN层，其中x＝0.6-0.67，优选x＝0.62。涂层厚度＞1μm，优选＞1.8μm，但是＜3.8μm，优选＜3.0μm。组分和厚度都是在侧表面低于刀尖半径0.2mm且在切削刃中央处测量的。
本发明还涉及一种制造包括硬质合金基质和涂层的涂层切削刀具的刀片的方法。硬质合金基质采用常规粉末冶金技术碾磨、压制和烧结制造，其由5-7wt-％的Co，优选地为5.8-6.2wt-％的Co，最优选地为6.0wt-％的Co，以及0.15-0.60wt-％的TaC，优选地为0.20-0.30wt-％的TaC，以及0.10-0.50wt-％的NbC，优选地为0.10-0.20wt-％的NbC，以及余量的WC组成。硬质合金主体还可包含少量其他成分，但是处于与工艺杂质量对应的水平。矫顽力为19.5-24.5kA/m。
CW比率为0.85-1.00，优选地为0.9-0.98，最优选地为0.92-0.97，并且通过将适量炭黑或W粉末加入到粉末物中来监控。
在常规后烧结处理之后，沉积AlxTi1-xN层，其中x＝0.6-0.67，优选x＝0.62，通过阴极电弧蒸镀法，采用由适当组分的TiAl合金组成的靶料，在N2气氛中沉积。总的涂层厚度＞1μm，优选＞1.5μm，但是＜3.8μm，优选＜3.0μm。
本发明还涉及根据上述的刀片的用途，用于超耐热合金和不锈钢，例如Inconel 718，Sanmac 304L和奥氏体不锈钢的切断和切槽，切削速度为30-250m/min，而进刀速度为0.05-0.2mm/rev。
实例1(本发明)
A.均匀的(Ti，Al)N层通过阴极电弧蒸镀法沉积在由硬质合金制成的切削刀片上，其中硬质合金具有以下组分：6wt-％的Co，0.16wt-％的NbC，0.23wt-％的TaC以及余量的WC且矫顽力为22.5kA/M，其对应于平均大约1.2μm大小的晶粒尺寸，以及0.95的CW比率，其对应于5.7wt-％的磁性Co含量对应于。该涂层采用由Ti33Al67合金组成的靶料沉积。在N2气氛中进行电弧蒸镀法。涂层厚度为2.5μm，这是在侧表面低于刀尖半径0.2mm并在切削刃中央处测量的。该涂层由均匀的Al0.62Ti0.38N组成，其由SEM-EDS(扫描电镜-散射能谱)测定。
实例2
B.(可商业应用).具有与实例A中同样的组分和物理性质的硬质合金切槽刀片，其涂敷有4.4μm的PVD(Ti，Al)N多层，该多层由均匀的Ti0.5Al0.5N层以及TiN和Ti0.5Al0.5N的交替薄层的序列构成。该序列重复12次。均匀的Ti0.5Al0.5N层厚为0.1-0.2μm，而薄层厚为0.1-0.2μm。在薄层内，每个单独的TiN或Ti0.5Al0.5N层厚度均为0.1-20nm。该多层的平均组分借助SEM-EDS测定为Ti0.8Al0.2N。
实例3
刀片A和B在奥氏体不锈钢铸件的切槽和外形加工中试验。切槽的外径为160mm，内径为131mm，槽宽为6mm。
操作：切槽和外形加工
材料：奥氏体不锈钢铸件，CMC 15.21
刀片型号：N123G2-0300-0003-TF
切削速度：60m/min
进刀速度：0.15mm/rev
每个部件用时：3min
结果：完成的部件数量，以及工具寿命，以分钟表示：
A(本发明)：59个部件，177分钟切削
B(现有技术)：15个部件，45分钟切削
实例4
刀片A和B在Inconel 718做的锥体的切槽和车削中试验。锥体的外径为47mm，内径为16mm。
操作：车削和切槽
材料：Inconel 718，CMC 20.22
刀片型号：N123H2-0400-0004-TF
A(本发明) B(现有技术)
切削速度： 50m/min 45m/min
切槽进刀速度： 0.08mm/rev 一样
车削进刀速度： 0.13mm/rev 一样
切削深度： 2mm 一样
结果：A的刀具寿命是四个并在3分17秒内完成。B的刀具寿命是2个并在3分31秒内完成。
实例5
刀片A和B在Inconel 718的切槽中试验。切槽的外径D0为100mm，内径Di为80mm，以及槽宽为3mm。
操作：切槽
材料：Inconel 718，CMC 20.22
刀片型号：N123G2-0300-0002-GF
切削速度：45m/min
进刀速度：0.08mm/rev
结果：在预定侧面磨损为0.2mm时的螺旋切削长度(SCL＝((D0(外径mm)+Di(内径mm))/2*n/1000)*槽深mm/进刀速度mm/r*槽的数量)和刀具寿命，以分钟表示：
A(本发明)：SCL 200m＝4.4min
B(现有技术)：SCL 140m＝3.1min
实例6
刀片A和B在Inconel 718的切槽加工中试验，其中D0为100mm，Di为80mm，以及宽度为3mm。
操作：切槽
材料：Inconel合金718，CMC 20.22
刀片型号：N123F2-0300-RO
切削速度：45m/min
进刀速度：0.08mm/rev
结果：在预定侧面磨损为0.2mm时，螺旋切削长度(SCL)和刀具寿命，以分钟表示：
A(本发明)：SCL 630m＝14min
B(现有技术)：SCL 370m＝8.2min
实例7
刀片A和B在不锈钢Sanmac 304L的切槽加工中试验，其中D0为20mm，Di为6mm，以及宽为3mm。
操作：切槽
材料：CMC 05.21 Sanmac 304L
刀片型号：N123G2-0300-0002-GF
切削速度：225-85m/min
进刀速度：0.07mm/rev
结果：在预定侧面磨损0.15mm时，切槽的数量和刀具寿命，以分钟表示：
A(本发明)： 2200个槽＝50.6min
B(现有技术)：850个槽＝19.6min
Claims (3)
1.用于对超耐热合金和不锈钢进行切断和切槽的切削刀片，包括基质和涂层，其特征在于：
所述基质由5-7wt-％，优选地为5.8-6.2wt-％的Co，最优选地为6.0wt-％的Co，和0.15-0.60wt-％，优选地为0.20-0.30wt-％的TaC，和0.10-0.50wt-％，优选地为0.10-0.20wt-％的NbC，以及余量的WC组成，矫顽力为19.5-24.5kA/m，CW比率为0.85-1.00，优选为0.9-0.98，最优选为0.92-0.97，并且
所述涂层包括均匀的AlxTi1-xN层，其中x＝0.6-0.67，优选地x＝0.62，而厚度＞1μm，优选地＞1.8μm但是＜3.8μm，优选地＜3.0μm。
2.制造涂层的切削刀具的刀片的方法，所述刀片包括硬质合金基质和涂层，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
提供基质，其采用常规粉末冶金技术碾磨、压制和烧结制造而成所述基质由5-7wt-％，优选地为5.8-6.2wt-％，最优选地为6.0wt-％的Co，和0.15-0.60wt-％，优选地为0.20-0.30wt-％的TaC，和0.10-0.50wt-％的NbC，优选地为0.10-0.20wt-％的NbC，以及余量的WC组成，其具有19.5-24.5kA/m的矫顽力，和0.9-0.98的CW比率；
对基质进行常规后烧结处理；以及
沉积涂层，该涂层包括AlxTi1-xN层，其中x＝0.6-0.67，优选x＝0.62，采用阴极电弧蒸镀法，使用由具有适当组分的TiAl合金组成的靶料，在N2气氛中沉积，其中总的涂层厚度＞1μm，优选＞1.5μm，但是＜3.8μm，优选＜3.0μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的刀片的用途，用于对超耐热合金和不锈钢，例如Inconel 718，Sanmac 304L和奥氏体不锈钢进行切断、切槽，切削速度为30-250m/min而进刀速度为0.05-0.2mm/rev。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE0502747A SE529431C2 (sv) | 2005-12-14 | 2005-12-14 | Belagt hårdmetallskär, sätt att framställa detta samt dess användning för svarvning |
| SE05027479 | 2005-12-14 | ||
| SE06017586 | 2006-08-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1982049A true CN1982049A (zh) | 2007-06-20 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101684954A Pending CN1982049A (zh) | 2005-12-14 | 2006-12-14 | 用于对超耐热合金(hrsa)和不锈钢进行按磨损要求的切断和切槽的硬质合金刀片 |
| CNA2006101684969A Pending CN1982050A (zh) | 2005-12-14 | 2006-12-14 | 用于对超耐热合金(hrsa)和不锈钢进行按切口和磨损要求的车削的硬质合金刀片 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNA2006101684969A Pending CN1982050A (zh) | 2005-12-14 | 2006-12-14 | 用于对超耐热合金(hrsa)和不锈钢进行按切口和磨损要求的车削的硬质合金刀片 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070154739A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1798308A3 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2007203450A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20070063448A (zh) |
| CN (2) | CN1982049A (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL179722A0 (zh) |
| SE (1) | SE529431C2 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102618768A (zh) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-08-01 | 自贡金谷高新材料有限公司 | 遁构机掘进刀盘硬质合金组件 |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE530516C2 (sv) | 2006-06-15 | 2008-06-24 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Belagt hårdmetallskär, metod att tillverka detta samt dess användning vid fräsning av gjutjärn |
| SE530517C2 (sv) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-06-24 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Belagt hårdmetallskär, sätt att tillverka detta samt dess användning för fräsning av hårda Fe-baserade legeringar > 45 HRC |
| SE0701761A0 (sv) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-02 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Finkornig hårdmetall för svarvning i varmhållfasta superlegeringar (HRSA) och rostfria stål |
| US8455116B2 (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2013-06-04 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Coated cemented carbide cutting tool insert |
| SE0701449L (sv) | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-02 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Finkornig hårdmetall med förfinad struktur |
| SE531971C2 (sv) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-09-15 | Seco Tools Ab | Belagt skärverktyg för allmän svarvning i varmhållfast superlegeringar (HRSA) |
| SE531946C2 (sv) | 2007-08-24 | 2009-09-15 | Seco Tools Ab | Skär för fräsning i gjutjärn |
| EP2042261A3 (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2015-02-18 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Method of making a coated cutting tool |
| WO2015178484A1 (ja) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-26 | 株式会社タンガロイ | 超硬合金および被覆超硬合金 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1266980B1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2005-11-02 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Surface-coated carbide alloy tool |
| CN100408237C (zh) * | 2002-01-21 | 2008-08-06 | 三菱麻铁里亚尔株式会社 | 表面被覆切削工具部件和在切削工具表面形成硬质被覆层的方法 |
| SE523826C2 (sv) * | 2002-03-20 | 2004-05-25 | Seco Tools Ab | Skär belagt med TiAIN för bearbetning med hög hastighet av legerade stål, sätt att framställa ett skär och användning av skäret |
| SE526338C2 (sv) * | 2002-09-04 | 2005-08-23 | Seco Tools Ab | Skär med utskiljningshärdad slitstark refraktär beläggning |
-
2005
- 2005-12-14 SE SE0502747A patent/SE529431C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
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2006
- 2006-11-30 IL IL179722A patent/IL179722A0/en unknown
- 2006-12-04 EP EP06125329A patent/EP1798308A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-12 US US11/637,218 patent/US20070154739A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-13 KR KR1020060127301A patent/KR20070063448A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-12-14 JP JP2006336981A patent/JP2007203450A/ja active Pending
- 2006-12-14 CN CNA2006101684954A patent/CN1982049A/zh active Pending
- 2006-12-14 CN CNA2006101684969A patent/CN1982050A/zh active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102618768A (zh) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-08-01 | 自贡金谷高新材料有限公司 | 遁构机掘进刀盘硬质合金组件 |
| CN102618768B (zh) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-09-25 | 自贡金谷高新材料有限公司 | 遁构机掘进刀盘硬质合金组件的制造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070154739A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
| KR20070063448A (ko) | 2007-06-19 |
| SE529431C2 (sv) | 2007-08-07 |
| CN1982050A (zh) | 2007-06-20 |
| IL179722A0 (en) | 2007-08-19 |
| EP1798308A2 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
| SE0502747L (sv) | 2007-06-15 |
| JP2007203450A (ja) | 2007-08-16 |
| EP1798308A3 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
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Open date: 20070620 |