CN1973114A - Method of operating an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Method of operating an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1973114A CN1973114A CNA2005800205157A CN200580020515A CN1973114A CN 1973114 A CN1973114 A CN 1973114A CN A2005800205157 A CNA2005800205157 A CN A2005800205157A CN 200580020515 A CN200580020515 A CN 200580020515A CN 1973114 A CN1973114 A CN 1973114A
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- valve
- cylinder
- intake valve
- air
- motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B21/00—Engines characterised by air-storage chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0223—Variable control of the intake valves only
- F02D13/0234—Variable control of the intake valves only changing the valve timing only
- F02D13/0238—Variable control of the intake valves only changing the valve timing only by shifting the phase, i.e. the opening periods of the valves are constant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0257—Independent control of two or more intake or exhaust valves respectively, i.e. one of two intake valves remains closed or is opened partially while the other is fully opened
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M23/00—Apparatus for adding secondary air to fuel-air mixture
- F02M23/005—Apparatus for adding secondary air to fuel-air mixture with a damping element in the secondary air control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
- F02M35/10275—Means to avoid a change in direction of incoming fluid, e.g. all intake ducts diverging from plenum chamber at acute angles; Check valves; Flame arrestors for backfire prevention
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
- F02M35/10295—Damping means, e.g. tranquillising chamber to dampen air oscillations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
- F02M35/1042—Intake manifolds characterised by provisions to avoid mixture or air supply from one plenum chamber to two successively firing cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
- F02M35/108—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages
- F02M35/1085—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages the combustion chamber having multiple intake valves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
A method is disclosed for operating an internal combustion engine of the type having an engine cylinder (10) with a reciprocating piston (20), first (24) and second (22) intake ports for admitting gas from an ambient air supply into the engine cylinder, first (14) and second (12) intake valves each arranged between a respective one of the intake ports and the engine cylinder, a non-return valve (32) arranged in the second (22) of the intake ports at a distance from the second intake valve (12) and oriented to allow gas to flow only towards the engine cylinder (10), and a variable valve actuating system for controlling the opening and closing of at least the second intake valve. In the method of the invention, in at least one operating mode of the engine, the second intake valve (12) is opened and closed, while the cylinder (10) is fully isolated from the ambient air, to permit gas transfer between the cylinder and an auxiliary chamber (30) temporarily defined by the part of the second intake port (22) lying between the second intake valve (12) and the non-return valve (32). The second intake valve (12) is opened at a time when the pressure in the auxiliary chamber (30) is greater than the pressure of the ambient air supply such that no gas escapes past the non-return valve (32).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of operating internal-combustion engines.
Background technique
Known, in order to influence compression or inflation process, a subsidiary combustion chamber is set, this subsidiary combustion chamber is connected with cylinder in the compression of engine cycles or during expansion period or disconnects.EP0095252 proposes to use between compression period this subsidiary combustion chamber to capture the part of cylinder intake, and this part is transformable, so that change the effective compression ratio of motor.Unexamined patent application PCT/GB2004/001018 proposes subsidiary combustion chamber as the buffer cavity in the air mixing power engine vehicle, so that service vehicle slows down thus as the gas compression machine operation when motor, in two steps, pressurized gas is delivered to the pressurized gas storage via this subsidiary combustion chamber, and, in two steps, make via the expansion of compressed gas of this subsidiary combustion chamber from the compressed gas storage device when motor when service vehicle quickens thus as the air expansion machine operation.Another unexamined patent application GB0405828.5 proposes to use subsidiary combustion chamber to change the compression temperature of cylinder intake, so that realize the CAI/HCCI burning and influence automatic ignition timing.
In order to use notion set forth above, up to the present, special-purpose subsidiary combustion chamber must be set and carve the control valve special that is connected with cylinder in due course, so that change the internal gas transmission.Yet this system has increased cost and complexity, and is difficult to be installed in the confined space of engine chamber.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, a kind of method of operating internal-combustion engines is provided, this internal-combustion engine has cylinder, first and second suction ports, first and second intake valves, one-way valve and variable valve actuation system, wherein cylinder has reciprocating piston, first and second suction ports are used for making gas to supply to cylinder from ambient air, in first and second intake valves each all is arranged between a corresponding suction port and the cylinder, one-way valve is arranged in second suction port, only allow gas to flow with a be separated by segment distance and being oriented of second intake valve to cylinder, variable valve actuation system is used to control the opening and closing of at least the second intake valve, the method is characterized in that, in at least one operator scheme of motor, second intake valve is opened and closed, cylinder and ambient air are isolated fully simultaneously, to allow gas between cylinder and subsidiary combustion chamber, to transmit, this subsidiary combustion chamber is limited by the part of second suction port between second intake valve and one-way valve temporarily, the pressure of supplying with greater than ambient air when the pressure in the subsidiary combustion chamber is so that when not having gas to leak through one-way valve, second intake valve is opened.
Motor is known, and wherein one-way valve is arranged in the upstream of intake valve so that improve the intake and exhaust of motor.The present invention is based on this situation and realize, that is, between intake valve and one-way valve the interim enclosed cavity that limits can play with above-mentioned prior art with reference in be used for the identical effect of subsidiary combustion chamber that the internal gas clearing house needs.
Should note, when intake valve the ambient air intake period of engine cycles by timing normally when opening or closing, one-way valve in second suction port will be controlled by the swabbing pressure from cylinder, and will open automatically to allow ambient air to flow through along the direction to cylinder.On the other hand, when the opening and closing that need internal gas transmission and intake valve are changed when second suction port temporarily being connected to the local compression that is higher than from the suction pressure of ambient air constantly, second suction port will no longer play the effect that stream of ambient air is opened one's mouth, but motor still can be with passing through the air-operated that first suction port is supplied with, so that except the charging efficiency that may reduce motor, the running of motor there is not significant adverse effect.
In the present invention, convert interim subsidiary combustion chamber to by end with second suction port, in the firing chamber, do not need additional space to comprise this equipment, and by utilizing existing intake valve and valve actuation system thereof, and need not repeat to control necessary connection valve of independent subsidiary combustion chamber and related valves actuating system, save cost thus.
One-way valve is preferably and is installed in the leaf valve that is used to isolate interim subsidiary combustion chamber in second suction port.
In one embodiment of the invention, can motor be operated as variable compression ratio engine by following such method step, promptly, after the press cycles that moves on to engine cycles constantly by the opening and closing with second intake valve begins, interim subsidiary combustion chamber temporarily is connected with cylinder, capture the part of compress inlet air thus in subsidiary combustion chamber, this part is transformable, so that change the effective compression ratio of motor.
Above-mentioned subsidiary combustion chamber is set uses the suggestion that is used for variable compression ratio engine that illustrates among the EP0095252.And, by changing effective compression ratio, can this method be used to change the compression temperature of cylinder intake, so that realize the CAI/HCCI burning and influence automatic ignition timing according to the suggestion that illustrates among the GB0405828.5.
In Another application, in order in the circulation that is not having fuel to misfire during the vehicle deceleration, to absorb power, can make motor as the air compression machine operation by following such method step, promptly, move on to the early stage of the press cycles terminal point of engine cycles constantly by opening and closing with second intake valve, described interim subsidiary combustion chamber temporarily is connected with cylinder, in subsidiary combustion chamber, capture some pressurized air thus, temporarily be connected with the external pressurization air accumulator with the subsidiary combustion chamber that the open/close valve of timing between the described forced air storage will seal then by being arranged on described subsidiary combustion chamber then, thus some pressurized air be delivered in the air accumulator.
The subsidiary combustion chamber that sealing is provided then makes the suggestion that illustrates in PCT/GB2004/001018 can be applied to the air mixing power engine via close/open valve to the above further connection of external compression air accumulator, this air mixing power engine once in a while during vehicle deceleration with acting on the air compressor that absorbs power from reciprocating piston.In this case, method of the present invention will capture some pressurized air during the back press cycles of engine cycles in interim subsidiary combustion chamber, and during the residue process of engine cycles, the air that traps is discharged in the external pressurized air accumulator subsequently, in the forced air storage, stores some compressed air energies thus.
The pressurized air that stores can be reused in the air mixing power engine later in every way, as stopping-rising the operation period starting and reset motor, the accelerating period give engine booster with compressed-air actuated quick release in case reduce from turbosupercharger response lag, quick ignition and particle trapper are regenerated and secondary air are sprayed into engine exhaust and be the motor power-assisted under certain cruising condition for catalyzer.
Especially in another one is used, method of the present invention can be applied in particular combinations " starting-igniting (the crank-fire) " circulation, and this circulation is used for stopping-rising the operation period use and is stored in the pneumatic starting motor of external pressurized air accumulator and makes engine ignition.In this case, change the opening and closing timing of first and second intake valves, so that being supplied with, cylinder and ambient air isolate, promptly, during the air inlet cycle of engine cycles, do not open first intake valve (by means of the variable valve actuation system of the disconnected cylinder of valve), normally open and close simultaneously second intake valve, and close/open valve is connected to the external pressurized air accumulator with second suction port by opening regularly.During above-mentioned starting-ignition cycle, one-way valve in second suction port will keep owing to the air pressure from the outside air storage closing, and pressurized air will enter cylinder during the air inlet cycle and simultaneously with the high drive piston, produce the auxiliary power that is used to pilot engine thus.Identical air is compressed in back to back press cycles then and is lighted with fuel, produces further combustion powered thus.This will very rapidly quicken to motor with two torque pulse in same circulation.
By a whole row cylinder being connected to shared external pressurized air accumulator according to said method, starting-ignition cycle will be only one or two crankshaft revolution with the ignition order of interior and cylinder automatically synchronously, turning crankshaft and moment reset motor.In case motor starts, pressurized air from the outside air storage just is cut off, and motor will smoothly and naturally carry out the transition to normal fired mode, one-way valve in second suction port is opened immediately automatically to draw ambient air by suction port in circulation subsequently simultaneously, then activates first intake valve again.Therefore be very effective process according to the starting-ignition cycle of internal gas transmission method of the present invention for stopping in the air mixing power engine-play operation.
During driving, acceleration and the quick starting of vehicle, above-mentioned starting-ignition cycle also can be used for giving engine booster with the very high pressure-charging of the compressed air pressure of a lot of crust, though be the very short time, but produce the very big torque that surpasses by the instantaneous torque of turbocharger supercharged normal, expected, therefore eliminated response lag and the emission smoke intensity problem that causes by turbo lag.
Certainly, motor ambient air air inlet cycle of can be at any time constantly all moving on to engine cycles by the opening and closing with first and second intake valves switches to two circulation suction ports operations, so that charging efficiency maximizes.
In above-mentioned application of the present invention, use variable valve actuation system to change the opening and closing moment of first and second intake valves.This can be to use the full flexible variable valve actuation system of the no cam type of electric liquid or electromagnetic actuators, but this system still is in the prototyping stage and very complicated and expensive at present.Therefore advantage of the present invention be also can use how simply and realize through the cam-actuated system of checking, as the disconnected cylinder (de-act) of variable cam timing (VCT), lift range variable and duration (VVLD), cam profile conversion (CPS) and valve, all these can become the standarized component in the volume production motor rapidly.
For quick reference, VCT realizes that by variable phase device timing pulley drive camshaft its example can find, as Ford (Ford in a lot of motors
), General Motors (General Motors
) and (Toyota of Toyota
), VVLD realizes that by the variable-geometry rocking arm its example can be at BMW (BMW
) find in the motor, CPS realizes that with one optional joint the in two available fixed cam profile on common cam shaft its example can be at Honda (Honda by cam follower
) find in the motor, the disconnected cylinder of valve realizes by the locking framework with lost motion, this mechanism is by being the modulated displacement engine exploitation according to (Eaton) company.
By selecting most economical variable valve actuation system for the different engine application of using internal gas transmission method of the present invention as required, can produce efficient and reliable kit for every kind of application.For example, use the interim subsidiary combustion chamber that produces by the present invention variable compression ratio engine can by the VVLD conjugation with little valve lift and narrow valve duration on second intake valve VCT and control.In another example, use the low-cost air mixing power engine of interim subsidiary combustion chamber between ignition mode and compressor mode, to switch, and switch to starting-ignition cycle pattern by the disconnected cylinder of valve that acts on first intake valve during also can stopping-rising by VCT or the CPS that acts on second intake valve.And, also can comprise another VCT or the CPS system that act on first intake valve in this motor, with the same high speed performance that improves with traditional application target.
In above-mentioned example, it is power operated extra functional that the hardware of producing VCT, VVLD, CPS or the disconnected cylinder verified is used to obtain variable compression ratio, HCCI/CAI burning control and air mixing.This makes internal gas switching method height of the present invention practicality only needs less development effort to realize potentiality.
Description of drawings
Further specify the present invention now with reference to accompanying drawing by example, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is illustrated in the sketch of the internal-combustion engine that uses in the internal gas transmission method of the present invention, and this internal-combustion engine has first and second suction ports, and second suction port has one-way valve;
Fig. 2 a, 2b, 2c, 2d illustrate the plotted curve of some modes of using internal gas transmission method of the present invention, and described some modes are used and produced the variable valve actuation system that proved to obtain extra functional of motor.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates an internal-combustion engine, this internal-combustion engine all has first and second suction ports 24,22 of working with relief opening 26 in each cylinder, wherein each gas port is all by 14,12,16 controls of the valve that links, and these valves regularly open and close so that the intake and exhaust of control motor during the air inlet of engine cycles or exhaust process.In second suction port 22, additionally be provided with one-way leaf valve 32, this leaf valve is located like this, that is, when suction port 22 and one-way valve 32 were controlled by arm from the high local compression of the discharge pressure of ambient air, valve 32 cut out on the direction away from cylinder 10 automatically.Motor also comprises unshowned fuel system and ignition system.
In above-mentioned motor, for intake valve 12,14 is provided with the variable valve actuation system (not shown).This is a full flexible and variable as in making the automatically controlled no cam valve actuation system of electricity consumption liquid or electromagnetic actuators.Yet, not needing complexity so, the present invention can use, and variable valve system better simply, volume production, that camshaft activates is realized, as the disconnected cylinder of VCT, VVLD, CPS and valve.
The good sealing property that one-way leaf valve 32 is designed to have fast-response and overcomes the high pressure in the interim subsidiary combustion chamber 30.This one-way leaf valve also is designed to allow very high discharge value when in the suction port 22 swabbing pressure being arranged.
In Fig. 1, motor illustrated in such time, that is, engine cycles is experiencing compression, and intake valve 14 and exhaust valve 16 are in the closed position.On the other hand, the intake valve that shows suction port 22 is in open position 12 this moments, and interim subsidiary combustion chamber 30 is connected with cylinder 10, and allows gas internal delivery between subsidiary combustion chamber 30 and cylinder 10.
Should note, in these cases, second suction port 22 will stop to play the effect of ambient air head piece during the air inlet cycle of engine cycles, but motor will continue to play the ambient air head piece fully and operate with first suction port 24 and the intake valve 14 that links thereof, so that except may reducing on the charging efficiency of motor, the running of motor there is not significant adverse effect.
Internal gas transmission method of the present invention can be used for influencing in every way the power-converting process of motor, and described mode will describe with the some examples shown in Fig. 2 b, 2c, the 2d hereinafter.
In first example of the suggestion that in according to EP0095252, illustrates, can motor be operated as variable compression ratio engine, promptly, after the press cycles that moves on to engine cycles constantly by the opening and closing with second intake valve 12 begins, interim subsidiary combustion chamber 30 temporarily is connected with cylinder 10, capture the part of compress inlet air thus in subsidiary combustion chamber 30, this part is transformable, so that change the effective compression ratio of motor.Shown in Fig. 2 b, this can use with act on second intake valve 12 on the VVLD valve actuation system verified of the VCT production that combines realize.
Therefore can above-mentioned variable compression ratio engine be used to change the compression temperature of cylinder intake according to the suggestion that illustrates among the GB0405828.5, so that realize the CAI/HCCI burning and influence automatic ignition timing.
In second example, in order in the circulation that is not having fuel to misfire between deceleration period, to absorb power, can make motor as the air compression machine operation by following such method step, promptly, move on to the early stage of the press cycles terminal point of engine cycles constantly by opening and closing with second intake valve 12, described interim subsidiary combustion chamber 30 temporarily is connected with cylinder 10, in subsidiary combustion chamber 30, capture some pressurized air thus, temporarily be connected with external pressurization air accumulator 36 with the subsidiary combustion chamber 30 that the open/close valve 34 of timing between the described forced air storage 36 will seal then by being arranged on described subsidiary combustion chamber 30 then, thus some pressurized air be delivered in the air accumulator 36.Shown in Fig. 2 c, this VCT or CPS valve actuation system that can use the production that acts on second intake valve 12 to verify is realized.
The subsidiary combustion chamber 30 that sealing is provided then makes the suggestion that illustrates in PCT/GB2004/001018 can be applied to the air mixing power engine via close/open valve 34 to the above further connection of external compression air accumulator 36, this air mixing power engine once in a while between deceleration period with acting on the air compressor that absorbs power from reciprocating piston.In this case, internal gas transmission method of the present invention will trap some pressurized air in the interim subsidiary combustion chamber 30 during the back press cycles of engine cycles, and during the residue process of engine cycles, the air that traps is discharged in the external pressurized air accumulator 36 subsequently, in forced air storage 36, stores some compressed air energies thus.
The pressurized air that stores can be reused in the air mixing power engine later in every way, as stopping-rising the operation period starting and reset motor, the accelerating period give engine booster with the quick release of forced air in case reduce from turbosupercharger response lag, quick ignition and particle trapper are regenerated and secondary air are sprayed into engine exhaust and be the motor power-assisted under certain cruising condition for catalyzer.
Especially in the 3rd example, internal gas switching method of the present invention can be applied in " starting-igniting " circulation of combination, and this circulation is used for stopping-rising the operation period use and is stored in the pneumatic starting motor of external pressurized air accumulator 36 and makes engine ignition.In this case, change the opening and closing moment of first and second intake valves by this way, promptly, isolate so that cylinder and ambient air are supplied with by such mode, promptly, during the air inlet cycle of engine cycles, do not open first intake valve 14 (valve break cylinder), normally open and close second intake valve 12 simultaneously, and close/open valve 34 is connected to external pressurized air accumulator 36 with second suction port 22 by opening regularly.During above-mentioned starting-ignition cycle, one-way valve 32 in second suction port 22 will keep owing to the air pressure from outside air storage 36 closing, and pressurized air will enter cylinder 10 during the air inlet cycle and simultaneously with the downward driven plunger 20 of high pressure, produce the auxiliary power that is used to pilot engine thus.Identical air is compressed in back to back press cycles then and is lighted with fuel, produces further combustion powered thus.This will very rapidly quicken to motor with two torque pulse in same circulation.Shown in Fig. 2 d, this can use produces the disconnected cylinder system of valve that acts on first intake valve 14 verified and realizes.
By a whole row cylinder being connected to shared external pressurized air accumulator 36 according to said method, starting-ignition cycle will be only one or two crankshaft revolution with the ignition order of interior and cylinder automatically synchronously, turning crankshaft and moment reset motor.In case motor starts, pressurized air from outside air storage 36 just is cut off, and motor will smoothly and naturally carry out the transition to normal fired mode, one-way valve 32 in second suction port 22 is opened immediately automatically to draw ambient air by suction port 22 in circulation subsequently simultaneously, then activates first intake valve 14 again.Therefore be very effective process according to the starting-ignition cycle of internal gas transmission method of the present invention for stopping in the air mixing power engine-play operation.
During driving, acceleration and the quick starting of vehicle, above-mentioned starting-ignition cycle also can be used for giving engine booster with the very high pressure-charging of a lot of crust (bars) compressed air pressure, though be the very short time, but produce the very big torque that surpasses by the instantaneous torque of turbocharger supercharged normal, expected, therefore eliminated response lag and the emission smoke intensity problem that causes by turbo lag.
Certainly, shown in Fig. 2 a, the ambient air air inlet cycle that motor can be at any time constantly all moves on to engine cycles by the opening and closing with first and second intake valves 14,12 switches to 24,22 operations of two circulation suction ports, so that charging efficiency maximizes.
In above-mentioned example, it is power operated extra functional that the hardware of producing VCT, VVLD, CPS or the disconnected cylinder verified is used to obtain variable compression ratio, HCCI/CAI burning control and air mixing.This makes internal gas switching method height of the present invention practicality only needs less development effort to realize potentiality.
On the other hand, but become the time spent when more electromagnetism or electric liquid valve actuator, can use this method more perfectly.For example, second intake valve 12 can open and close twice in each engine cycles, once at the ambient air intake period, another time is after cylinder 10 and ambient air are supplied with isolation, the valve function combination of Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b of complete charging efficiency and variable compression ratio will be used for thus, and the valve function combination of Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 c of complete charging efficiency and compressor mode will be used for.
Claims (10)
1. the method for an operating internal-combustion engines, this internal-combustion engine has:
Cylinder with reciprocating piston,
Be used for making gas to supply to first suction port and second suction port of described cylinder from ambient air,
First intake valve and second intake valve, each all is arranged between a corresponding described suction port and the described cylinder,
One-way valve, this one-way valve are arranged in described second suction port, and with described second intake valve segment distance of being separated by, and be oriented and allow gas only to flow towards described cylinder, and
Be used to control the variable valve actuation system of the opening and closing of described at least second intake valve,
Described method is characterised in that, in at least one operator scheme of described motor, described second intake valve is opened and closed, described cylinder and ambient air are isolated fully simultaneously, to allow gas between described cylinder and subsidiary combustion chamber, to transmit, this subsidiary combustion chamber is limited by the part between described second intake valve and described one-way valve of described second suction port temporarily, the pressure of supplying with greater than ambient air when the pressure in the described subsidiary combustion chamber is so that when not having gas to leak through described one-way valve, described second intake valve is opened.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described motor has the variable compression ratio operator scheme, the press cycles that this operator scheme is included in engine cycles begins described second intake valve of back opening and closing, in described subsidiary combustion chamber, to capture a part of compress inlet air, so that change the effective compression ratio of described motor, wherein, described a part of compress inlet air is transformable.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the effective compression ratio of controlling described motor is to change the compression temperature of described cylinder intake, so that realize the CAI/HCCI burning and influence automatic ignition timing.
4. any one the described method in requiring according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that, described motor has an operator scheme, in this operator scheme, described motor is used for pressurized air is stored in storage, but this storage is connected to described subsidiary combustion chamber by the valve of selection operation, in this pattern, there is not fuel to be fed in the described cylinder, described second intake valve is opened and closed during described press cycles, so that a large amount of pressurized air are stored in the described subsidiary combustion chamber, but and the valve of described selection operation be opened subsequently so that pressurized air is delivered to described storage from described subsidiary combustion chamber.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described motor has an operator scheme, in this operator scheme, pressurized air from described storage is used to drive described motor, but the valve of described selection operation is opened giving described subsidiary combustion chamber pressurization, and described second intake valve is opened during lower dead center moves at described piston subsequently.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described intake valve is opened during the air inlet cycle of the burn cycle of described motor, to drive described cylinder, and give described cylinder supercharging, be press cycles and charge combustion after the described air inlet cycle.
7. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described motor has an operator scheme, in this operator scheme, described motor is as only by the compressd-air motor from the compressed air-driven of described storage, in this pattern, be opened and closed during at least one in described air inlet cycle and expansion period of described second intake valve, and do not have fuel to be fed into described motor.
8. any one the described method in requiring according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that, described method is applied to have the motor of cam-operated variable valve actuation system, and described variable valve actuation system adopts break one or more in the cylinder of lift range variable and duration (VVLD), variable cam timing (VCT), cam profile conversion (CPS) and valve.
9. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described motor has electronic and/or hydraulically operated valve actuation system and variable compression ratio operator scheme, in this pattern, described second intake valve opens and closes twice in each engine cycles, once during the air inlet cycle, another time after press cycles begins during.
10. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described motor has electronic and/or a hydraulically operated valve actuation system and an operator scheme, in this operator scheme, described motor is used for air compression at storage, but the valve of this storage by selection operation is connected to described subsidiary combustion chamber, in this pattern, described second intake valve opens and closes twice in each engine cycles, once during the air inlet cycle, another time before press cycles finishes during.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0411359.3 | 2004-05-21 | ||
| GBGB0411359.3A GB0411359D0 (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2004-05-21 | Engine internal gas transfer method |
| GB0415421.7 | 2004-07-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1973114A true CN1973114A (en) | 2007-05-30 |
| CN100545425C CN100545425C (en) | 2009-09-30 |
Family
ID=32607729
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005800205157A Expired - Fee Related CN100545425C (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2005-05-17 | The method of operating internal-combustion engines |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100545425C (en) |
| GB (2) | GB0411359D0 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101408126B (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2012-11-28 | 福特环球技术公司 | Method for controlling air-fuel ratio for an alternating valve engine |
| CN102877964A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-16 | 福特环球技术公司 | Method and system of turbocharged engine |
| CN101772633B (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2013-06-19 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Method and apparatus for controlling transitions in an engine having multi-step valve lift |
| CN104727931A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-24 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Supercharging engine |
| CN107061007A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2017-08-18 | 曼柴油机欧洲股份公司曼柴油机德国分公司 | Large-sized turbo-charging two-stroke compression ignition type explosive motor with gas exhaust inspecting |
| CN107795390A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-13 | 福特环球技术公司 | For operating the system and method for being deactivated cylinder |
| CN108547701A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-18 | 苏伟 | Full working scope shunting timesharing super charge internal-combustion engine variable compression ratio technique |
| CN112228167A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-15 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Pneumatic actuating device, turbocharger and waste gas bypass valve control mechanism thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0520545D0 (en) * | 2005-10-08 | 2005-11-16 | Ma Thomas T H | Energy control valve for air hybrid engine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS553320B2 (en) * | 1974-05-21 | 1980-01-24 | ||
| CN2034991U (en) * | 1988-05-16 | 1989-03-29 | 郭景坤 | Stratified inflator for gasoline engine |
| FR2777948B1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 2000-11-17 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | CONTROLLED SELF-IGNITION COMBUSTION PROCESS AND 4-STROKE ENGINE ASSOCIATED WITH RESIDUAL GAS STORAGE VOLUME AND DEDICATED VALVE |
| JP4453220B2 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2010-04-21 | 株式会社デンソー | Diesel engine control device |
| JP2003049682A (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2003-02-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | Control system for internal combustion engine |
| FR2836181B1 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2005-04-29 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | MOTORIZATION SYSTEM OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
-
2004
- 2004-05-21 GB GBGB0411359.3A patent/GB0411359D0/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-07-09 GB GB0415421A patent/GB2414275A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-05-17 CN CNB2005800205157A patent/CN100545425C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101772633B (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2013-06-19 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Method and apparatus for controlling transitions in an engine having multi-step valve lift |
| CN101408126B (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2012-11-28 | 福特环球技术公司 | Method for controlling air-fuel ratio for an alternating valve engine |
| CN102877964A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-16 | 福特环球技术公司 | Method and system of turbocharged engine |
| CN104727931A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-24 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Supercharging engine |
| CN104727931B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2018-12-07 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Engine with supercharger |
| CN107061007A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2017-08-18 | 曼柴油机欧洲股份公司曼柴油机德国分公司 | Large-sized turbo-charging two-stroke compression ignition type explosive motor with gas exhaust inspecting |
| CN107061007B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2019-06-28 | 曼能解决方案（曼能解决方案德国股份公司）分公司 | Large-sized turbo-charging two-stroke compression ignition type internal combustion engine with gas exhaust inspecting |
| CN107795390A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-13 | 福特环球技术公司 | For operating the system and method for being deactivated cylinder |
| CN107795390B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2022-07-15 | 福特环球技术公司 | System and method for operating deactivated cylinders |
| CN108547701A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-18 | 苏伟 | Full working scope shunting timesharing super charge internal-combustion engine variable compression ratio technique |
| WO2019192026A1 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-10 | 苏伟 | Full working condition passage-separated and time-separated supercharged intake internal combustion engine variable compression ratio technology |
| CN112228167A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-15 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Pneumatic actuating device, turbocharger and waste gas bypass valve control mechanism thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100545425C (en) | 2009-09-30 |
| GB0415421D0 (en) | 2004-08-11 |
| GB0411359D0 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
| GB2414275A (en) | 2005-11-23 |
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