CN1971997A - Reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

A reactor supplied with a reactant to cause reaction of the reactant includes a reaction device which has a hollow box type member having a top plate and a bottom plate opposed to each other and side plates connected to an edge of the top plate and an edge of the bottom plate. A partition member is housed in the box type member, the partition member coming into contact with at least internal faces of the side plates of the box type member and partitioning a space in the box type member into a plurality of reaction chambers to which the reactant is to be supplied. A penetrating region is provided in the partition member to connect the adjacent reaction chambers to each other, the penetrating region having the reactant passed therethrough. A flow channel through which the reactant flows is formed inside of the reactor by a partition member, the flow channel is wobbled, meanwhile the rigidity of the reaction device is improved.

Description

Reaction device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a reaction apparatus to which a reactant is supplied and which reacts the reactant.

Background

In recent years, development has been advanced in which a fuel cell, which is a clean power source having high energy conversion efficiency, is mounted and applied to automobiles, portable devices, and the like. A fuel cell is a device that electrochemically reacts fuel with oxygen in the atmosphere to directly obtain electric energy from chemical energy.

As a fuel used for a fuel cell, hydrogen is cited as a simple substance, but it is a gas at normal temperature and normal pressure, and therefore, there is a problem in terms of handling. Although an attempt has been made to store hydrogen by a hydrogen storage alloy, the amount of hydrogen stored per unit volume is small, and particularly, such storage is insufficient as a fuel storage device for a power source used for small electronic devices such as portable electronic devices.

In contrast, a reformed fuel cell has been proposed in which a liquid fuel having a hydrogen atom, for example, a hydrocarbon in its composition, such as ethanol or gasoline, is reformed to generate hydrogen. In such a reformed fuel cell, the fuel can be easily stored in a liquid state.

In such a reforming fuel cell, a necessary reaction apparatus has a plurality of reactors such as: a vaporizer for vaporizing the liquid fuel and water; a reformer for extracting hydrogen necessary for power generation by reacting the vaporized liquid fuel with high-temperature steam; and a carbon monoxide remover for removing carbon monoxide and the like which are byproducts of the reforming reaction.

In order to miniaturize the reformed fuel cell having such a structure and to enable the reformed fuel cell to be mounted on a portable device or the like, for example, a micro-reactor combining a vaporizer, a reformer, and a carbon monoxide remover has been developed. In this case, the following structure is often employed: the reactors are formed by joining metal substrates having grooves formed therein to serve as flow paths for fuel and the like.

However, in order to maintain the reaction efficiency in the reactor and to miniaturize the reactor, it is necessary to reduce the cross-sectional size of the flow path, shorten the diffusion time of the reactant to the catalyst provided on the surface of the flow path, and increase the flow path length to lengthen the reaction time. However, in order to reduce the cross-sectional size of the flow path and increase the flow path length, a meandering minute flow path must be formed inside the reactor, and in order to increase the flow path length, a complicated flow path structure must be designed, which complicates the assembly.

In order to smoothly perform the reaction in the reactor, the reactor is heated to a temperature suitable for the reaction and maintained at a predetermined temperature, and in order to reduce loss of thermal energy, the reactor is often designed to have a vacuum heat insulating structure in which the periphery thereof is in a vacuum state.

Disclosure of Invention

The reactor apparatus of the present invention has a reactor to which a reactant is supplied to react the reactant, and has advantages in that a flow path for allowing the reactant to flow is formed inside the reactor, and the flow path is designed to have a meandering structure, so that the reactor having a long flow path length can be easily assembled, the rigidity of the reactor can be improved, and the reactor is less likely to be deformed by stress.

In order to obtain the above advantages, the reaction apparatus of the present invention has a reactor comprising: a hollow box-shaped member having a top plate and a bottom plate opposed to each other, and a side plate connecting sides of the top plate and sides of the bottom plate; a partition member which is housed in the box-shaped member, contacts at least an inner surface of a side plate of the box-shaped member, and partitions a space in the box-shaped member into a plurality of reaction chambers to which the reactant is supplied; and a penetration region provided in the partition member, and passing the reactant through the penetration region to a space between the adjacent reaction chambers.

The reaction apparatus may further comprise an insulating container which covers the entire reactor to make the internal space have a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure.

The 1 st example of the partition member includes: the first separator is disposed parallel to the bottom plate, and the second separator is disposed perpendicular to the first separator and parallel to the first separator.

For example, the partition member may be formed by forming a notch in at least one of the 1 st separator and the 2 nd separator, and assembling the 1 st separator and the 2 nd separator at the position of the notch, and the 1 st separator and the 2 nd separator may be preferably joined by any one of welding and brazing.

Further, the edge portions of the 1 st and 2 nd separators are brought into contact with at least the inner surfaces of the side plates of the box-shaped member, and are preferably joined by any one of welding and brazing.

In this case, the 1 st partition plate is formed with a 1 st connection port that leads to between the reaction chambers adjacent to each other via the partition of the 1 st partition plate, the 2 nd partition plates are formed with 2 nd connection ports that lead to between the reaction chambers adjacent to each other via the partition of the 2 nd partition plates, and the 1 st connection port and the 2 nd connection port form the through region. Alternatively, a 1 st cut opening leading to the reaction chambers adjacent to each other through the partition of the 1 st partition plate is formed at the end of the 1 st partition plate, a 2 nd cut opening leading to the reaction chambers adjacent to each other through the partition of the 2 nd partition plate is formed at the end of each of the 2 nd partition plates, and the 1 st cut opening connection port and the 2 nd cut opening form the through region.

A 2 nd example of each partition member described above includes at least one 3 rd partition plate having a cross section bent in a rectangular wave shape, the 3 rd partition plate including: the partition plate includes a plurality of folded portions, a plurality of partition portions provided between the folded portions and facing each other, and reinforcing portions provided at both ends of the partition plate.

In this case, the 3 rd separator is housed in the box-shaped member so that the wave height direction of the rectangular wave is parallel to the top plate of the box-shaped member, and the reinforcing portion of the 3 rd separator is preferably joined to the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member by any one of welding and brazing. The folded portion of the 3 rd separator is preferably joined by one of welding and brazing, with a surface contact with an inner surface of the box-shaped member side plate. Further, an edge portion of the 3 rd separator is in contact with an inner surface of at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate of the box-shaped member, and is preferably joined by any one of welding and brazing.

In this case, the 1 st through hole that leads to the reaction chambers adjacent to each other via the partition of each partition portion is formed on one of the one end portion side and the other end portion side of each partition portion of the 3 rd partition plate in the wave height direction of the rectangular wave, and the 1 st through hole forms the through region.

The partition member of example 3 includes: a plurality of the 3 rd partition plates stacked in alignment in the wave height direction of the rectangular wave, and a 1 st partition plate provided between the 3 rd partition plates stacked.

In this case, the edge portion of the 1 st partition plate is preferably joined to the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member by one of welding and brazing.

In this case, the 1 st partition plate is provided with a 2 nd through hole which leads to the reaction chambers adjacent to each other through the partition of the 1 st partition plate, thereby forming the through region.

In example 3 of the partition member, the partition member may further include a partition plate provided in parallel to a wave height direction of the rectangular wave of the 3 rd partition plate and dividing the 3 rd partition plate in the wave height direction.

In this case, the 3 rd separator and the separator are preferably joined by any one of welding and brazing. Further, the edge portion of the partition plate is preferably joined to the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member by one of welding and brazing.

In addition, a 1 st notch is formed in the folded portion and the blocking portion of the 3 rd partition plate along the wave height direction of the rectangular wave, and the partition plate is inserted into the 1 st notch. Alternatively, the partition plate may be formed with a 2 nd slit corresponding to each partition portion of the 3 rd partition plate, and a part of each partition portion may be inserted into the 2 nd slit.

For example, the 1 st notch is formed at a central position in a direction perpendicular to a wave height direction of the rectangular wave of the 3 rd partition plate.

In this case, the partition plate is provided with a 3 rd through hole which leads to the reaction chambers adjacent to each other through the partition of the partition plate, thereby forming the through region.

The 4 th example of the partition member includes a 4 th partition plate which is bent in a zigzag shape (or a zigzag shape) having a triangular wave-like cross section, has a rectangular plate shape, and has a plurality of partition wall portions connected to one side corresponding to ridge portions of the triangular wave.

In this case, the 4 th partition plate is housed in the box-shaped member such that the ridge line portion of the triangular wave comes into contact with the inner surface of at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate of the box-shaped member and at least one of the plurality of partition wall portions is in a curved state.

In this case, the 3 rd through hole leading to the reaction chamber adjacent to each other via the partition of each partition is formed in each partition of the 4 th partition to form the through region.

In example 4 of the partition member, the partition member may further include: a plurality of the 4 th partition plates stacked in alignment in the wave height direction of the triangular wave, and a 2 nd partition plate provided between the stacked 4 th partition plates.

In this case, the edge portion of the 2 nd partition plate is preferably joined to the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member by one of welding and brazing.

In this case, the 2 nd partition plate is provided with a 4 th through hole which leads to the reaction chambers adjacent to each other through the partition of the 2 nd partition plate, thereby forming the through region.

The reaction apparatus of the present invention comprises: a 1 st reaction part set to a 1 st temperature for reacting the reactant; a 2 nd reaction part which is set to a 2 nd temperature lower than the 1 st temperature and causes the reactant to react; and a connecting part for conveying a reactant and a product between the 1 st reaction part and the 2 nd reaction part; at least one of the 1 st reaction part and the 2 nd reaction part may be formed to have the reactor.

In this case, for example, the 1 st reaction part supplies the 1 st reactant as the reactant to produce the 1 st product; the 2 nd reaction part supplies the 1 st product as the reactant to generate a 2 nd product; the above-mentioned 1 st reactant is a mixed gas of vaporized water and fuel containing hydrogen atoms in the composition; the 1 st reaction part is a reformer for causing a reforming reaction of the 1 st reactant, and the 1 st product contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide; the 2 nd reaction part is a carbon monoxide remover for selectively oxidizing and removing carbon monoxide contained in the 1 st product.

In this case, the reaction apparatus may further include a heat insulating container which covers the 1 st reaction part, the 2 nd reaction part, and the entire connection part and which makes the pressure in the internal space lower than the atmospheric pressure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a reactor in accordance with embodiment 1 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from above.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are a top view and a side view of the reactor of embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of fig. 2B.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of fig. 2B.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a partition member used in the reactor of embodiment 1.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the reactor of embodiment 1 cut along a plane perpendicular to the partition member to show the relationship between each reaction chamber and the inlet, outlet and connecting ports.

Fig. 7 is a perspective side view of a state where an insulating package is provided on the reactor of embodiment 1.

FIG. 8 shows a modification of the partition member used in the reactor of embodiment 1.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a microreactor assembly of the 2 nd embodiment of a reaction apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of the functional division of the microreactor assembly of the embodiment 2.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the microreactor assembly of the embodiment of FIG. 2.

Fig. 12 is an exploded perspective view of a reformer in the microreactor assembly of embodiment 2.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken in the direction of XII-XII in fig. 9.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 9.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in FIG. 9.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XV-XV in fig. 9.

Fig. 17 shows a path from the supply of a combustion mixture gas composed of a gaseous fuel and air to the discharge of water vapor or the like as a product in the microreactor module according to embodiment 2.

FIG. 18 shows a path from the supply of the liquid fuel and water to the discharge of the hydrogen gas or the like as a product in the micro-reactor module according to embodiment 2.

Figure 19 is an exploded perspective view of an insulated package covering the microreactor assembly of the embodiment of figure 2.

FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor in the 3 rd embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from below.

FIGS. 21A and 21B are top and bottom views of the reactor of embodiment 3.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of fig. 21B.

Fig. 23 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of fig. 21A.

FIG. 24 is a perspective side view of a state where an insulating package is provided on the reactor of the 3 rd embodiment.

FIG. 25 is an exploded perspective view of a modification of the reactor of embodiment 3.

FIG. 26 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor in the 4 th embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from below.

FIGS. 27A and 27B are a top view and a side view of the reactor of embodiment 4.

Fig. 28 is a sectional view from IX-IX of fig. 27B.

Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of fig. 27B.

FIG. 30 is a side view of a microreactor assembly of the 5 th embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a schematic side view of the functional division of the microreactor assembly of the embodiment of FIG. 5.

FIG. 32 is an exploded perspective view of the microreactor assembly of the 5 th embodiment.

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in FIG. 30.

FIG. 34 is a sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIG. 30.

Fig. 35 is a sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI in fig. 30.

Fig. 36 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVII-XVII in fig. 30.

FIG. 37 shows a path from the supply of a combustion mixture gas composed of a gaseous fuel and air to the discharge of water or the like as a product in the microreactor module according to embodiment 5.

FIG. 38 shows a path from the supply of the liquid fuel and water to the discharge of the hydrogen gas or the like as a product in the micro-reactor module according to embodiment 5.

FIG. 39 is an exploded perspective view of a reactor in accordance with embodiment 6 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from above.

FIG. 40 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor in a state where a partition plate is assembled to the partition plate of embodiment 6.

FIG. 41A, B is a top view and a side view of the reactor of embodiment 6.

Fig. 42 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of fig. 41B.

FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V of FIG. 41B.

Fig. 44 is a perspective side view of a state where an insulating package is provided on the reactor of embodiment 6.

FIG. 45 is a side view of a microreactor assembly of the 7 th embodiment of a reaction apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 46 is a schematic side view of the functional division of the microreactor assembly of the embodiment 7.

FIG. 47 is an exploded perspective view of the microreactor assembly of the 7 th embodiment.

Fig. 48 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of fig. 45.

FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI of FIG. 45.

Fig. 50 is a sectional view taken in the direction of XII-XII in fig. 45.

FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 45.

FIG. 52 shows a path from the supply of a combustion mixture gas composed of a gaseous fuel and air to the discharge of water or the like as a product in the microreactor module according to embodiment 7.

FIG. 53 shows a path from the supply of liquid fuel and water to the discharge of hydrogen gas or the like as a product in the microreactor module according to embodiment 7.

FIG. 54 is an exploded perspective view of a reactor in accordance with embodiment 8 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, viewed obliquely from above.

FIGS. 55A and 55B are a top view and a side view of the reactor of the 8 th embodiment.

FIG. 56 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 55A.

FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 55A.

Fig. 58 is a perspective side view of a state where an insulating package is provided on the reactor of the 8 th embodiment.

FIG. 59 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor in the 9 th embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from above.

FIGS. 60A and 60B are a top view and a side view of the reactor of the 9 th embodiment.

Fig. 61 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of fig. 60A.

Fig. 62 is a view in elevation IX-IX of fig. 60A.

FIG. 63 is a side view of a microreactor assembly of the 10 th embodiment of a reaction device of the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a schematic side view of the functional partitioning of a microreactor assembly of the 10 th embodiment.

Fig. 65 is an exploded perspective view of a microreactor assembly 600 of the 10 th embodiment.

FIG. 66 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 63.

FIG. 67 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV of FIG. 63.

FIG. 68 shows a path from the supply of a combustion mixture gas composed of a gaseous fuel and air to the discharge of water or the like as a product in the microreactor module according to embodiment 10.

FIG. 69 shows a path from the supply of liquid fuel and water to the discharge of hydrogen gas or the like as a product in the microreactor module according to embodiment 10.

FIG. 70 is a perspective view showing an example of a power generation unit having a microreactor module according to each embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 71 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of an electronic device using the power generating unit of the present embodiment as a power source.

Detailed Description

The details of the reaction apparatus of the present invention will be described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, in the embodiments described below, various preferable limitations are technically added to practice of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and the examples shown below.

(embodiment 1)

First, embodiment 1 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a reactor in accordance with embodiment 1 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from above.

Fig. 2A and 2B are a top view and a side view of the reactor according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of fig. 2B.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of fig. 2B.

As shown in fig. 1, the reactor 1 includes a reaction vessel 10 and a partition member 20 housed in the reaction vessel 10.

The reaction vessel 10 includes a box-shaped member 11 and a bottom plate 17. The box member 11 includes: a rectangular top plate 12; a pair of side plates 13, 15 provided on two opposite sides of the four sides of the top plate 12 and connected to the top plate 12 in a vertically connected state; and a pair of side plates 14, 16 provided on the other opposite sides of the top plate 12 and connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 12. The side plates 13, 15 are connected to the side plates 14, 16 in a vertically connected state, and the four side plates 13, 14, 15, 16 are designed in a square frame shape or a rectangular frame shape.

In order to make the bottom plate 17 parallel to the top plate 12, the edge of the bottom plate 17 is joined to the lower edge of the side plates 13, 14, 15, 16. Thus, the bottom opening of the box-shaped member 11 is closed by the bottom plate 17, thereby forming the reaction vessel 10 having a hollow parallelepiped shape.

An inlet 67 leading into the reaction container 10 for the reactant and an outlet 99 leading out of the reaction container 10 for the product are provided at an end of the bottom plate 17 on the side of the side plate 13. The inlet 67 is provided between the side plate 14 and a wall plate 41 described later, and the outlet 99 is provided between the wall plates 45 and 46 described later.

Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a partition member used in the reactor of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 5, the partition member 20 includes a bed plate 21 (the 1 st partition plate) and 7 wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 (the 2 nd partition plate).

The bed plate 21 is disposed in parallel with the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 17 in a state of being housed in the reaction vessel 10, and divides the interior of the reaction vessel 10 into upper and lower 2 stages. As shown in fig. 5, 7 notches 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 are provided in the top plate 21 in parallel with the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 from the side plate 15 side at equal intervals. The width of the cut-outs 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 is equal to the thickness of the wall panels 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, respectively.

The end of the bed plate 21 on the side plate 15 side is divided into 8 parts by 7 slits 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37. Of the 8 end portions, connection ports (1 st connection port) 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, and 93 penetrating the top plate 21 are provided on nos. 1 to 5 and 8 from the side plate 14 side.

The wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 are provided parallel to the side plates 14, 16, and divide the interior of the reaction vessel 10 into 8 rows. On the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, notches 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 are provided at the central positions in the height direction from the side plate 13 in parallel with the bed plate 21. The height of the notches 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 is equal to the thickness of the bed 21. The end portions of the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 on the side plate 13 side are partitioned into upper and lower 2 parts by the cutouts 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57.

The cuts 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 and the corresponding cuts 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 are formed as: the sum of the lengths is equal to or greater than the lengths of the bed plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 in the direction of the cut.

Connection ports (2 nd connection ports) 71, 79, 87 penetrating the wall plates 41, 43, 45 are provided at the upper end side of the side plate 13 side in the wall plates 41, 43, 5 No. 1, 3, 5 from the side plate 14 side.

Connection ports (2 nd connection ports) 75 and 83 penetrating the wall plates 42 and 44 are provided on the end portions of the wall plates 42 and 44 on the lower side of the side plate 13 side from the side plate 14 side.

On the No. 6 wall plate 46 from the side plate 14 side, 2 upper and lower connection ports (2 nd connection port) 89, 97 penetrating the wall plate 46 are provided on the end portion side of the side plate 15 side.

Connection ports (2 nd connection ports) 91 and 95 penetrating the wall plate 47 are provided at both upper and lower end portions of the 7 th wall plate 47 on the side plate 14 side, respectively, on the side plate 13 side.

The plate 21 is held by the portions of the notches 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 are held by the portions of the notches 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, and the plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 are assembled perpendicularly to each other by such a combination. Further, the assembled portion may be welded or brazed. The top plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 can be reliably fixed by welding or brazing. The peripheral portions of the bed plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 are in contact with the inner surfaces of the top plate 12, the bottom plate 17, and the side plates 13, 14, 15, 16 in the reactor 1, and are preferably joined by welding.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the reaction vessel 1 is partitioned into 16 reaction chambers 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, and 98 by the partition member 20.

That is, the interior of the reaction vessel 1 is divided into an upper stage (between the bed plate 21 and the ceiling) and a lower stage (between the bottom plate 17 and the bed plate 21) by the bed plate 21. As shown in fig. 4, the upper section is divided into 8 reaction chambers 70, 72, 78, 80, 86, 88, 90, 92 by wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47. As shown in fig. 3, the lower stage is partitioned into 8 reaction chambers 68, 74, 76, 82, 84, 98, 96, and 94 by wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, and 47.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the reactor of the present embodiment cut along a plane perpendicular to the partition member to show the relationship between each reaction chamber and the inlet, outlet, and connecting ports.

The reaction chamber 68 is opened to the outside of the reaction vessel 10 through the inlet 67 and is communicated with the reaction chamber 70 through the connection port 69. The reaction chamber 98 communicates with the reaction chamber 96 through a connection port 97, and is open to the outside of the reaction vessel 10 through a discharge port 99. The other reaction chambers 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, and 96 communicate with the adjacent 2 reaction chambers through any 2 connection ports of the connection ports 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, and 95.

The flow path of the reactant in the reaction vessel 10 will be described next.

As shown by the arrows in fig. 6, the reactant first flows into the reaction chamber 68 in the reaction vessel 10 from the inlet 67, and then flows out of the reaction vessel 10 from the outlet 99 through the connection port 69, the reaction chamber 70, the connection port 71, the reaction chamber 72, the connection port 73, the reaction chamber 74, the connection port 75, the reaction chamber 76, the connection port 77, the reaction chamber 78, the connection port 79, the reaction chamber 80, the connection port 81, the reaction chamber 82, the connection port 83, the reaction chamber 84, the connection port 85, the reaction chamber 86, the connection port 87, the reaction chamber 88, the connection port 89, the reaction chamber 90, the connection port 91, the reaction chamber 92, the connection port 93, the reaction chamber 94, the connection port 95, the reaction chamber 96, the connection port 97, and the reaction chamber 98 in this.

Further, depending on the application of the reactor 1, a heater (for example, a heating wire, a burner, or the like) may be provided on the outer surface of at least one of the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 17, or a catalyst may be supported on the inner wall surface of the reaction vessel 10 or the surface of the partition member 20 to convert the reactant into the product. Here, the change from the reactant to the product includes not only a chemical change but also a state change.

For example, in the case where the reactor 1 is used as a gasifier, a heating wire or a burner is provided on an outer surface of at least one of the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 17. Thus, the liquid as the reactant is heated while flowing from the inlet 67 to the outlet 99, and the liquid is vaporized. Thereby, the gas as a product flows out from the outlet 99.

When the reactor 1 is used as a reformer, a heating wire or a burner is provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 11 and the bottom plate 17, and a reforming catalyst (for example, a Cu/ZnO-based catalyst or a Pd/ZnO-based catalyst) is supported on the inner wall surface of the reaction vessel 10 or the surface of the partition member 20. Thus, the mixed gas of the fuel and water (for example, the mixed gas of methanol and water) as the reactant can be heated while flowing from the inlet 67 to the outlet 99, and hydrogen gas or the like can be generated from the mixed gas by the catalyst. This allows the mixed gas containing hydrogen gas or the like to flow out from the outlet 99 as a product.

In the case where the reactor 1 is used as a carbon monoxide remover, a heating wire or a burner is provided on an outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 11 and the bottom plate 17, and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on an inner wall surface of the reaction vessel 10 or a surface of the partition member 20. Thus, the mixed gas of the hydrogen gas, the oxygen gas, and the carbon monoxide gas as the reactant is heated while flowing from the introduction port 67 to the discharge port 99, and the carbon monoxide gas is selectively oxidized by the carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst. Thereby, the gas from which the carbon monoxide gas is removed can be discharged as a product from the discharge port 99.

When the reactor 1 is used as a burner, a combustion catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the inner wall surface of the reaction vessel 10 or the surface of the partition member 20. In this way, the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen as the reactant is combusted while flowing from the inlet 67 to the outlet 99. Thereby, water as a product can flow out from the outlet 99.

According to the above-described embodiment, the reaction vessel 10 is partitioned into 16 reaction chambers 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98 by the partition member 20; these reaction chambers are communicated with any 2 adjacent reaction chambers by connecting ports 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97 provided in the partition member 20; since the inlet 67 and the outlet 99 provided in the reaction container 10 communicate with each other as a single flow path, the cross-sectional size of the flow path can be reduced, the diffusion time of the reactant to the catalyst provided on the surface of the flow path can be shortened, and the length of the flow path can be increased, thereby extending the reaction time.

Further, the partition member 20 can be formed by assembling the bed plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 vertically to each other by combining the bed plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 by holding the bed plate 21 by the portions of the notches 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 and holding the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 54, 55, 56, 57 by the portions of the notches 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57.

Next, a heat insulating structure for suppressing heat loss of the reaction vessel 10 will be described.

Fig. 7 is a perspective side view of a state where the heat insulating package is provided on the reactor of the present embodiment.

The heat insulating package (heat insulating container) 140 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel or ceramics, for example, and the box member 11 and the bottom plate 17 are accommodated in the heat insulating package 140. In this case, 2 pipes 142 and 144 are passed through the wall surface of the heat insulating package 140, and in the heat insulating package 140, an end of one pipe 142 is connected to the inlet 67, and an end of the other pipe 144 is connected to the outlet 99. Here, the box-shaped member 11 and the bottom plate 17 are supported by the 2 pipes 142 and 144, and when the box-shaped member 11 and the bottom plate 17 are in a state of being separated from the inner surface of the heat insulating package 140, direct heat conduction from the box-shaped member 11 and the bottom plate 17 to the heat insulating package 140 can be suppressed, and the heat insulating property can be further improved. Further, by evacuating the inside of the heat insulating package 140 to make the internal space have a vacuum pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, a vacuum heat insulating structure can be formed, and the loss of heat energy can be reduced.

Here, when the internal space of the heat insulating package 140 is at a vacuum pressure, the internal pressure of the reaction vessel of the reactor 10 is normal, and therefore the box-shaped member 11 and the bottom plate 17 are subjected to stress in the expansion direction. However, when the peripheral portions of the bed plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 of the partition member 20 are engaged with the inner surfaces of the top plate 12, the bottom plate 17 and the side plates 13, 14, 15, 16 of the reaction vessel 10, the entire reaction vessel 10 can be reinforced, and breakage and deformation due to stress can be prevented.

(modification example)

FIG. 8 shows a modification of the partition member used in the reactor of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 8, the partition member 60 is provided with notches 169, 171, 173, 175, 177, 179, 181, 183, 185, 187, 189, 191, 193, 195, 197 at the end portions corresponding to the positions where the connection ports 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97 of the bed plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 are provided. Here, the notch 189 and the notch 197 are integrally provided.

Even when the slit is provided in this way, the slit portion functions as a connection port for connecting the reaction chambers to each other, and therefore, the same effect can be obtained. The shape of the notch is not limited to the shape shown in fig. 7, but may be any shape.

In the above-described modification, the cutouts 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, and 57 are provided in both the bed plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, and 47, but may be provided in only one of them.

(embodiment 2)

Next, the reaction vessel of the present invention in the 2 nd embodiment will be described.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a microreactor assembly of the 2 nd embodiment of a reaction apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic side view when the microreactor assembly of the present embodiment is divided functionally.

For example, the micro-reactor module 600 is a reaction device that is built in an electronic device such as a notebook personal computer, a PDA, an electronic notebook, a digital camera, a cellular phone, a watch, a recorder, and a projector, and generates hydrogen gas used in a fuel cell.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the microreactor assembly 600 has: a supply/discharge unit 602 for supplying a reactant and discharging a product; a high-temperature reaction section 604 (1 st reaction section) set at a relatively high temperature to cause a reforming reaction; a low-temperature reaction section 606 (2 nd reaction section) set at a temperature lower than the set temperature of the high-temperature reaction section 604 to cause a selective oxidation reaction; and a connection part 608 for conveying the reactant and the product between the high-temperature reaction part 604 and the low-temperature reaction part 606.

The supply/discharge unit 602 is mainly provided with a vaporizer 610 and a first combustor 612. Air and a gaseous fuel (e.g., hydrogen gas, methanol gas, etc.) are supplied into the first combustor 612 independently or in the form of a mixed gas, respectively, and heat is generated by means of catalytic combustion thereof. Water and liquid fuel (for example, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, butane, or gasoline) are supplied to the vaporizer 610 separately or in a mixed state from a fuel container, and the water and the liquid fuel are vaporized in the vaporizer 610 by the combustion heat of the first burner 612.

The high-temperature reaction section 604 is mainly provided with the second combustor 614 and the reformer 400B provided in the second combustor 614. Air and a gaseous fuel (e.g., hydrogen gas, methanol gas, etc.) are supplied into the second combustor 614 individually or in the form of a mixed gas, and heat is generated by means of catalytic combustion thereof. Further, the fuel cell may generate electricity by an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen, and unreacted hydrogen contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell may be supplied to the first combustor 612 and the second combustor 614 in a state of being mixed with air. Of course, the liquid fuel (for example, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, butane, or gasoline) stored in the fuel container may be gasified by a different gasifier, and a mixed gas of the gasified fuel and air may be supplied to the first burner 612 and the second burner 614.

The mixed gas (1 st reactant) of the gasified water and the liquid fuel is supplied from the gasifier 610 to the reformer 400, and the reformer 400 is heated by the second burner 614. In the reformer 400, hydrogen gas or the like (1 st product) is generated from the water vapor and the vaporized liquid fuel by a catalytic reaction, and a trace amount of carbon monoxide is generated. When the fuel is methanol, chemical reactions such as the following formulas (1) and (2) occur. Further, the reaction of generating hydrogen is an endothermic reaction, and the combustion heat of the second combustor 614 can be utilized.

CH₃OH+H₂O→3H₂+CO₂ (1)

2CH₃OH+H₂O→5H₂+CO+CO₂ (2)

The low-temperature reaction section 606 is mainly provided with a carbon monoxide remover 1B. The first burner 612 heats the mixture gas, which includes hydrogen gas and a small amount of carbon monoxide gas generated by the chemical reaction in (2) above, and air are supplied from the reformer 400B to the carbon monoxide remover 1B. In the carbon monoxide remover 1B, carbon monoxide in the mixed gas is selectively oxidized, whereby carbon monoxide can be removed. The mixed gas (2 nd product: hydrogen-rich gas) from which carbon monoxide has been removed is supplied to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell.

The following is a description of the specific structure of the microreactor assembly 600.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the microreactor assembly of the present embodiment.

Fig. 12 is an exploded perspective view of a reformer in the microreactor assembly of the present embodiment.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken in the direction of XII-XII in fig. 9.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 9.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in FIG. 9.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XV-XV in fig. 9.

As shown in fig. 9, 11, and 13, the supply/discharge unit 602 includes: liquid fuel introduction pipe 622; a burner plate 624 provided at the upper end of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 so as to surround the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622; 5 tubes 626, 628, 630, 632, 634, which are arranged around the liquid fuel inlet pipe 622.

For example, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is made of a tubular metal material such as stainless steel, and the liquid absorbing material 623 is filled in the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622. The liquid absorbent material 623 is a material that absorbs liquid, and the liquid absorbent material 623 includes, for example: a material formed by fixing inorganic fibers or organic fibers with a binder, a material formed by sintering inorganic powder, a material formed by fixing inorganic powder with a binder, a mixture of graphite and glassy carbon, and the like. Specifically, a felt material, a ceramic porous material, a fiber material, a carbon porous material, or the like may be used as the liquid absorbing material 623.

For example, the pipes 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 are made of tubular metal material such as stainless steel.

For example, the burner plate 624 is made of a plate-like metal material such as stainless steel. A through hole is formed in the center of the burner plate 624, and a liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is fitted into the through hole, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the burner plate 624 are joined together. Here, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is joined to the burner plate 624 by brazing, for example. The brazing material has a melting point higher than the highest temperature among the temperatures of the fluid flowing through the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the burner plate 624, and particularly, a gold brazing material having a melting point of 700 degrees or higher and containing silver, copper, zinc, and cadmium in gold, a brazing material containing gold, silver, zinc, and nickel as main components, or a brazing material containing gold, palladium, and silver as main components is preferable. In addition, a partition wall is provided on one surface of the combustor plate 624 in such a manner as to protrude therefrom. A part of the partition wall is provided over the entire outer edge of the combustor plate 624, and the other part is provided over the radial direction, and the combustor plate 624 is joined to the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction part 606, whereby a combustion flow path 625 is formed on the connecting surface, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is surrounded by the combustion flow path 625. A combustion catalyst for combusting the combustion mixture is supported on the wall surface of the combustion flow path 625. The combustion catalyst may be, for example, platinum. Further, the liquid absorbing material 623 inside the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is filled to the position of the burner plate 624.

As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the high-temperature reaction portion 604, the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608 have the insulating plate 640 and the base plate 642, which are stacked, as a common base. Therefore, the insulating plate 640 serves as a common bottom surface for the high-temperature reaction part 604, the low-temperature reaction part 606, and the coupling part 608, and the bottom surface of the coupling part 608 is flush with the bottom surface of the high-temperature reaction part 604 and also flush with the bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction part 606.

The base plate 642 includes: base portion 652 serving as a base of low-temperature reaction portion 606, base portion 654 serving as a base of high-temperature reaction portion 604, and coupling base portion 656 serving as a base of coupling portion 608. The base portion 652, the base portion 654, and the coupling base portion 656 are integrally formed, and the coupling base portion 656 is designed to be tapered. The base plate 642 is made of a plate-like metal material such as stainless steel.

The insulating plate 640 includes: a base portion 662 that becomes a base of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, a base portion 664 that becomes a base of the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and a coupling base portion 666 that becomes a base of the coupling portion 608. The insulating plate 640 is formed by integrally forming a base portion 662, a base portion 664, and a coupling base portion 666, and is designed to be tapered at the coupling base portion 666. The insulating plate 640 is made of an electrical insulator such as ceramic, for example.

As shown in fig. 11 and 14, in a state where the insulating plate 640 is joined to the base plate 642, the through holes 671 to 678 penetrate the base portion 652 of the base plate 642 and the base portion 662 of the insulating plate 640.

As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the base portion 662 of the insulating plate 640 serves as the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 are joined to the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 by brazing or the like. Here, the pipe 626 leads to a through hole 671, the pipe 628 leads to a through hole 672, the pipe 630 leads to a through hole 673, the pipe 632 leads to a through hole 674, the pipe 634 leads to a through hole 675, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 leads to a through hole 678.

As shown in fig. 11, 13, and 14, the combustor plate 624 is joined to the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and one end of the combustion flow path 625 of the combustor plate 624 leads to the through hole 676, and the other end of the combustion flow path 625 leads to the through hole 677.

As shown in fig. 14, the base plate 642 has: reformed fuel supply passage 702, communication passage 704, air supply passage 706, mixing chamber 708, combustion fuel supply passage 710, combustion chamber 712, exhaust passage 714, combustion fuel supply passage 716, and exhaust chamber 718.

The reformed fuel supply passage 702 is formed such that: from the through hole 678, it passes through the coupling base portion 656 and reaches the corner of the base portion 654. The mixing chamber 708 is formed in a square shape on the base portion 652. The communication flow path 704 is formed as: from the corner of the base part 654, the mixture reaches the mixing chamber 708 through the coupling base part 656. The air supply flow path 706 is formed as: from the through bore 675 to the mixing chamber 708.

The combustion chamber 712 is formed in a C-shape at the center of the base portion 654. A combustion catalyst for combusting the combustion mixture is supported on the wall surface of the combustion chamber 712.

The combustion fuel supply flow path 710 is formed such that: the combustion chamber 712 is reached from the through hole 672 through the coupling base 656. The exhaust gas flow path 714 is formed as: from the through-holes 677 to the through-holes 673, and from the combustion chamber 712 to the through-holes 673 through the coupling base 656. The combustion fuel supply passage 716 is formed in the base portion 652: from through hole 674 to through hole 676. The exhaust chamber 718 is formed in a rectangular shape on the base portion 652, and communicates with the through hole 671 at a corner portion of the exhaust chamber 718.

The carbon monoxide remover 1B is provided on the base portion 652. The carbon monoxide remover 1B employs the reactor 1 of embodiment 1, and the carbon monoxide remover 1B has the same structure as the reactor 1 shown in fig. 1 to 6.

Also, the cross section of the carbon monoxide remover 1B shown in fig. 15 corresponds to the cross section of the reactor 1 shown in fig. 3, and the cross section of the carbon monoxide remover 1B shown in fig. 16 corresponds to the cross section of the reactor 1 shown in fig. 4. Note that the parts of the carbon monoxide remover 1B and the reactor 1 that correspond to each other are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the corresponding parts is omitted.

As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the bottom plate 17 of the carbon monoxide remover 1B is joined to the upper surface of the base portion 652. The bottom plate 17 covers a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, a part of the communication passage 704, the air supply passage 706, the mixing chamber 708, the combustion fuel supply passage 716, and the exhaust chamber 718. Inlet 67 formed in bottom plate 17 is positioned above corner 709 of mixing chamber 708, and outlet 99 formed in bottom plate 17 is positioned above corner 719 of exhaust chamber 718.

In the carbon monoxide remover 1B, a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the inner wall surface of the reaction vessel 10 or the surface of the partition member 20.

Next, the base portion 654 is provided with a reformer 400B. As shown in fig. 12, 15, and 16, the reformer 400 includes: a box-shaped member 410 opened at a lower bottom surface, a partition plate 420 housed in the box-shaped member 410, and a bottom plate 430 closing a lower opening of the box-shaped member 410. The separator 420 is not limited to this, but corresponds to the structure of embodiments 3 to 5 described later. Further, a partition member having the same structure as the partition member 20 of the present embodiment or a partition member of another embodiment may be accommodated in the box-shaped member 410.

The box-shaped member 410, the partition plate 420, and the bottom plate 430 may be made of a metal material such as stainless steel, a ceramic material, a glass material, or a resin material.

The box member 410 includes: a top plate 412 formed in a square or rectangle; a pair of side plates 414, 414 provided on opposite sides of the top plate 412 among the four sides thereof and connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 412; and a pair of side plates 416, 416 provided on the other opposite sides of the top plate 412 to be connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 412. The side plates 414 are connected to each other in a state of being vertically connected to the side plate 416, and the four side plates 414, 416 are designed to have a square frame shape or a rectangular frame shape.

In order to make the bottom plate 430 parallel to the top plate 412, edge portions of the bottom plate 430 are joined to lower edge portions of the side plates 414, 416. Thus, the bottom opening of the box-shaped member 410 is closed by the bottom plate 430, thereby forming a reaction vessel having a hollow parallelepiped shape.

The separator 420 is designed in a rectangular wave shape having: a pair of reinforcing portions 422, 422 opposed to each other on both sides; a plurality of partitions 424 and 424 … facing the reinforcing part 422 between the 2 reinforcing parts 422 and 422; and a plurality of folded portions 426, and … that connect between the adjacent partition 424 and the partition 424, or between the adjacent partition 424 and the reinforcement 422, on one of the four sides of the partition 424.

The partition plate 420 is housed in the box-shaped member 410 so as to be parallel to the side plate 414 in the wave height direction, and abuts against the side plate 414 in a state where the reinforcing portion 422 of the partition plate 420 faces the side plate 414, and the reinforcing portion 422 is preferably joined to the side plate 414 by welding. The folded portion 426 of the partition plate 420 is abutted in a state of facing the side plate 416, and preferably, the folded portion 426 is joined to the side plate 416 by welding.

The upper edge of the folded portion 426 and the upper edge of the reinforcing portion 422 are in contact with the top plate 412 of the box-shaped member 410, and are preferably joined by welding. The lower edge of the folded portion 426 and the lower edge of the reinforcing portion 422 are abutted against the bottom plate 430 and preferably joined by welding.

Since the partition 420 is accommodated in the box-shaped member 410 in this way, the hollow space formed by the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 is partitioned into the plurality of spaces 418, … by the partition 424. In these spaces 418, …, an inlet 432 that leads into the space 418 between the reinforcing part 422 and the partition 424 on one side is formed in the bottom plate 430, and an outlet 434 that leads into the space 418 between the reinforcing part 422 and the partition 424 on the other side is formed in the bottom plate 430.

The partition 424 has a pair of upper and lower through holes 428, and … formed at one end in the wave height direction, and the adjacent spaces 418 and 418 communicate with each other through the through holes 428 and 428. Therefore, the hollow space formed by the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 is formed in a flow path from the inlet 432 to the outlet 434, and the flow path is formed in a zigzag shape.

As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the bottom plate 430 of the reformer 400 is joined to the upper surface of the base portion 654. The bottom plate 430 covers a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, a part of the communication passage 704, and the combustion chamber 712. The inlet 67 formed in the bottom plate 430 is positioned above the end 703 of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, and the outlet 99 formed in the bottom plate 430 is positioned above the end 705 of the communication passage 704.

In this reformer 400, a reforming catalyst (for example, a Cu/ZnO-based catalyst or a Pd/ZnO-based catalyst) is supported on the inner surfaces of the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 and on the separators 420.

As shown in fig. 11, the bottom plate 430 of the reformer 400B and the bottom plate 17 of the carbon monoxide remover 1B are integrally formed while being coupled by a coupling cover 680. The plate 690, which integrates the bottom plate 430, the bottom plate 17, and the coupling cover 680, is designed to be tapered at the coupling cover 680. The plate member 690 is joined to the base plate 642, and the coupling cover 680 of the plate member 690 is joined to the coupling base 656 of the base plate 642, thereby constituting the coupling portion 608. In the connection portion 608, a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, and a part of the communication passage 704 are covered with a connection cover 680.

As shown in fig. 9 and the like, the coupling portion 608 has, for example, a prismatic shape, the width of the coupling portion 608 is smaller than the width of the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the width of the low temperature reaction portion 606, and the height of the coupling portion 608 is also lower than the height of the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the height of the low temperature reaction portion 606. The connection portion 608 is bridged between the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608 is connected to the high-temperature reaction portion 604 at the center in the width direction of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and to the low-temperature reaction portion 606 at the center in the width direction of the low-temperature reaction portion 606.

As described above, the connection portion 608 is provided with the reformed fuel supply passage 702, the communication passage 704, the combustion fuel supply passage 710, and the exhaust passage 714.

The flow paths provided inside the supply/discharge unit 602, the high-temperature reaction unit 604, the low-temperature reaction unit 606, and the connection unit 608 will be described below.

Fig. 17 shows a path from the supply of a combustion mixture gas composed of a gaseous fuel and air to the discharge of water vapor or the like as a product in the microreactor module of the present embodiment.

Fig. 18 shows a path from the supply of the liquid fuel and water to the discharge of the hydrogen gas or the like as a product in the microreactor module according to the present embodiment.

Here, the correspondence relationship between fig. 17, 18, and 10 will be described, in which the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 corresponds to the vaporizer 610, the combustion flow path 625 corresponds to the first combustor 612, and the combustion chamber 712 corresponds to the second combustor 712.

As shown in fig. 11, the heating wire 720 is arranged in a meandering pattern on the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, that is, on the lower surface of the insulating plate 640, and the heating wire 722 is arranged in a meandering pattern on the lower surfaces thereof from the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to the high-temperature reaction portion 604 through the connection portion 608. Heating wires 724 are arranged from the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to the side surface of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 through the surface of the burner plate 624. Here, an insulating film such as silicon nitride or silicon oxide is formed on the side surface of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the surface of the burner plate 624, and the heating wire 724 is formed on the surface of the insulating film. By arranging the heating wires 720, 722, 724 on the insulating film or insulating plate 640, the voltage to be applied is not applied to the base plate 642 made of a metal material, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622, the burner plate 624, and the like, and the heat generation efficiency of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 can be improved.

The heating wires 720, 722, 724 are laminated in this order from the insulating film or the insulating plate 640, i.e., a diffusion preventing layer and a heat generating layer. The heat generating layer is a material (e.g., Au) having the lowest resistivity among the 3 layers, and when a voltage is applied to the heating wires 720, 722, and 724, a current flows intensively to generate heat. The diffusion preventing layer is a material in which a material of the heat generating layer is hard to thermally diffuse into the diffusion preventing layer and a material of the diffusion preventing layer is hard to thermally diffuse into the heat generating layer even if the heating wires 720, 722, 724 generate heat, and a material having a high melting point and low reactivity (for example, W) is preferably used for the diffusion preventing layer. In the case where the diffusion preventing layer has low adhesiveness to the insulating film and is easily peeled off, an adhesive layer may be further provided between the insulating film and the diffusion preventing layer, and the adhesive layer may be made of a material (for example, Ta, Mo, Ti, or Cr) having excellent adhesiveness to both the diffusion preventing layer and the insulating film or the insulating plate 640. The heating wire 720 heats the low temperature reaction part 606 at the time of activation, the heating wire 722 heats the high temperature reaction part 604 and the connection part 608 at the time of activation, and the heating wire 724 heats the vaporizer 610 and the first burner 612 which are supplied to the discharge part 602. Thereafter, when the second combustor 614 is combusted by the exhaust gas containing hydrogen from the fuel cell, the heating wire 722 heats the high-temperature reaction part 604 and the connection part 608 as an aid of the second combustor 612. Similarly, when the first combustor 612 is combusted by the exhaust gas containing hydrogen from the fuel cell, the heating wire 720 heats the low-temperature reaction part 606 as an auxiliary of the first combustor 612.

Since the resistances of the heating wires 720, 722, and 724 change with a change in temperature, they function as temperature sensors that read a change in temperature in response to a change in resistance. Specifically, the temperature of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 is proportional to the resistance.

The ends of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 are located below the low-temperature reaction part 606, and the ends are arranged in such a manner as to surround the burner plate 624. Lead wires 731 and 732 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 720, lead wires 733 and 734 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 722, and lead wires 735 and 736 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 724. In fig. 8, the heating wires 720, 722, 724 and the leads 731 to 736 are not shown for easy viewing of the drawing.

As shown in fig. 11, for example, an adsorbent 728 may be provided on the surface of the connection portion 608. A heater such as an electrothermal material is provided in the adsorbent 728, and lead wires 737 and 738 are connected to the adsorbent 728, respectively. The adsorbent 728 is activated by heating, has an adsorbing action, and adsorbs a gas remaining in the internal space of the heat insulating package 791, a gas leaking from the microreactor assembly 600 into the internal space of the heat insulating package 791, and a gas entering from the outside into the heat insulating package 791, which will be described later, thereby suppressing a decrease in the heat insulating effect due to a deterioration in the degree of vacuum in the internal space of the heat insulating package 791. Examples of the material of the adsorbent 728 include alloys containing zirconium, barium, titanium, or vanadium as a main component. In fig. 8, the lead lines 737 and 738 are omitted for the sake of easy viewing of the drawing.

The following describes an insulation structure for suppressing heat loss of the microreactor assembly 600 of the present embodiment.

FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view of the heat shield package covering the microreactor assembly of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 19, an insulating package (insulating container) 791 is formed so as to cover the entire microreactor module 600, and the high-temperature reaction portion 604, the low-temperature reaction portion 606 and the connecting portion 608 are housed in the insulating package 791. The heat insulating package 791 is constituted by a rectangular box 792 having a lower surface opened and a plate 793 for closing the lower surface opening of the box 792, and the plate 793 is joined to the box 792. The box 792 and the plate 793 are both made of a heat insulating material such as glass or a metal material. Further, a metal reflective film such as aluminum or gold may be formed on the inner surface. By forming such a metal reflective film, heat loss due to radiation from the supply/discharge portion 602, the high-temperature reaction portion 604, the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608 can be suppressed.

The plurality of through holes penetrate the plate 793, and the through holes of the plate 793 and the tube members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634, the liquid fuel introduction tube 622, the lead wires 731 to 738 are bonded to each other with a glass material or an insulating sealing material, for example, so that the outside air and moisture do not enter the insulating package 791 through the through holes. Further, the internal space of the heat insulating package 791 is sealed, and vacuum evacuation is performed so that the internal space becomes a vacuum pressure, thereby constituting a vacuum heat insulating structure. This can suppress heat transfer from each part of the microreactor module 600 to the outside, and can reduce heat loss.

The tube members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and a part of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 are exposed outside the heat insulating package 791. Therefore, inside the heat insulating package 791, the pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 are provided as support columns standing upright with respect to the plate 793, and the high temperature reaction portion 604, the low temperature reaction portion 606 and the connection portion 608 are supported by the pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622, so that the high temperature reaction portion 604, the low temperature reaction portion 606 and the connection portion 608 are isolated from the inner surface of the heat insulating package 791.

In a plan view, it is preferable that the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is located at the center of gravity of the entire high temperature reaction portion 604, the low temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608, and is connected to the lower surface of the low temperature reaction portion 606.

Although the adsorbing material 728 is provided on the surface of the low-temperature reaction section 606, for example, the position of the adsorbing material 728 is not particularly limited as long as it is inside the heat seal 791.

The operation of the microreactor assembly 600 is explained below.

First, when a voltage is applied between the lead wires 737 and 738, the adsorbent material 728 is heated by the heater to activate the adsorbent material 728. Thereby, the gas in the heat insulating package 791 is adsorbed by the adsorbent 728, and the degree of vacuum in the heat insulating package 791 is increased, thereby improving heat insulating efficiency.

When a voltage is applied between lead wires 731 and 732, heating wire 720 generates heat, and low-temperature reaction portion 606 is heated. When a voltage is applied between the lead lines 733 and 734, the heating wire 722 generates heat, and heats the high-temperature reaction portion 604. When a voltage is applied between the lead wires 735, 736, the heating wire 724 generates heat, and the liquid fuel is heated to the upper portion of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622. Since the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622, the high temperature reaction portion 604, the low temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608 are made of a metal material, heat conduction therebetween is facilitated. The temperature of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622, the high temperature reaction portion 604, and the low temperature reaction portion 606 can be controlled by measuring the current and the voltage of the heating wires 720, 722, and 724 by the control device, measuring the temperatures of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622, the high temperature reaction portion 604, and the low temperature reaction portion 606, feeding back the measured temperatures to the control device, and controlling the voltages of the heating wires 720, 722, and 724 by the control device.

When the liquid fuel and water mixture is continuously or intermittently supplied to the liquid fuel introduction tube 622 by a pump or the like while the liquid fuel introduction tube 622, the high temperature reaction portion 604, and the low temperature reaction portion 606 are heated by the heating wires 720, 722, and 724, the liquid fuel is adsorbed to the liquid absorbing material 623, and the liquid fuel permeates upward in the liquid fuel introduction tube 622 for vaporization due to capillary phenomenon. Then, the liquid mixture in the liquid absorbing material 623 is vaporized, and the gas mixture of the fuel and water is evaporated from the liquid absorbing material. Since the liquid mixture is gasified in the liquid absorbing material 623, bumping can be suppressed and stable gasification can be achieved.

The mixed gas evaporated from the liquid absorbing material 623 flows into the reformer 400 through the through-holes 678, the reformed fuel supply passage 702, and the introduction port 67. Thereafter, when the mixed gas flows through the reformer 400, the mixed gas is heated to perform a catalytic reaction, thereby generating hydrogen gas or the like (in the case where the fuel is methanol, see the above chemical reaction formulae (1) and (2)).

The mixed gas (including hydrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, carbon monoxide gas, and the like) generated by the reformer 400 flows into the mixing chamber 708 through the exhaust port 99 and the connecting flow path 704. On the other hand, air is supplied to the tube 634 by a pump or the like, and flows into the mixing chamber 708 through the through hole 675 and the air supply passage 706, whereby a mixed gas such as hydrogen gas is mixed with the air.

Then, a mixed gas containing air, hydrogen gas, carbon monoxide gas, carbon dioxide gas, and the like flows from the mixing chamber 708 into the carbon monoxide remover 1B through the inlet 67. When the mixed gas flows through the carbon monoxide remover 1B, the carbon monoxide gas in the mixed gas is selectively oxidized to remove the carbon monoxide gas.

Then, the mixed gas from which carbon monoxide has been removed is supplied from the discharge port 99 to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell or the like through the exhaust chamber 718, the through-hole 671, and the pipe 626. The fuel cell generates electricity by an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen gas, and an exhaust gas containing unreacted hydrogen gas and the like is discharged from the fuel cell.

The above operation is an initial operation, and the mixed liquid is continuously supplied to the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 in the subsequent power generation operation. Then, air is mixed with the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell, and this mixed gas (hereinafter referred to as combustion mixed gas) is supplied to the pipe 632 and the pipe 628. The combustion mixture supplied to the pipe 632 flows into the combustion flow path 625 through the through holes 674, the combustion fuel supply flow path 716, and the through holes 676, and the combustion mixture is catalytically combusted in the combustion flow path 625 to generate combustion heat. Since the combustion flow path 625 surrounds the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 below the low-temperature reaction portion 606, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is heated by the combustion heat and the low-temperature reaction portion 606 is also heated. Therefore, the electric power supplied to the heating wires 720 and 724 can be reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency can be improved.

On the other hand, the combustion mixture gas supplied to the pipe 628 flows into the combustion chamber 712 through the through holes 672 and the combustion fuel supply passage 710, and the combustion mixture gas is catalytically combusted in the combustion chamber 712. Thereby generating combustion heat. The reformer 400 is heated by this combustion heat. This reduces the electric energy supplied to the heating wire 722, thereby improving the efficiency of energy utilization.

Alternatively, the liquid fuel stored in the fuel container may be vaporized, and a combustion mixture gas of the vaporized fuel and air may be supplied to the pipes 628 and 632.

In a state where the mixed liquid is supplied to the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the combustion mixed gas is supplied to the pipe members 628 and 632, the control device measures the temperature based on the resistance values of the heating wires 720, 722 and 724, and controls the pump and the like while controlling the voltages applied to the heating wires 720, 722 and 724. When the pump is controlled by the control device, the flow rate of the combustion mixture gas supplied to the pipes 628 and 632 is controlled, whereby the combustion heat of the burners 612 and 614 can be controlled. In this way, the controller can control the temperatures of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622, the high temperature reaction section 604, and the low temperature reaction section 606 by controlling the heating wires 720, 722, 724, and the pump. Here, the temperature is controlled so that the high temperature reaction section 604 has a temperature of 250 to 400 ℃, preferably 300 to 380 ℃, and the low temperature reaction section 606 has a temperature lower than that of the high temperature reaction section 604, specifically 120 to 200 ℃, more preferably 140 to 180 ℃.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the carbon monoxide remover 1B is partitioned into 16 reaction chambers 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98 by the partition member 20, and these reaction chambers are communicated with any 2 adjacent reaction chambers through the connection ports 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97 provided in the partition member 20, and these reaction chambers are communicated with one carbon monoxide removal flow path from the introduction port 67 to the discharge port 99 provided in the reaction container 10, so that the cross-sectional size of the flow path can be reduced, the diffusion time of the mixed gas of the hydrogen gas, the oxygen gas, and the carbon monoxide gas as the reactants to the catalyst provided on the surface of the flow path can be shortened, and the flow path length can be increased to extend the reaction time.

Further, since the partition member 20 can be formed by vertically assembling the bed plate 21 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 by the combination of the parts of the slits 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 holding the bed plate 21 and the parts of the slits 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 holding the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, respectively, the carbon monoxide remover 1B can be easily assembled by using the partition member 20.

The internal space of the heat insulating package 791 is an insulating space, the high temperature reaction portion 604 is separated from the low temperature reaction portion 606, and the distance from the high temperature reaction portion 604 to the low temperature reaction portion 606 corresponds to the length of the connection portion 608. Therefore, the path of heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction part 604 to the low-temperature reaction part 606 is limited to the connection part 608, and heat transfer to the low-temperature reaction part 606 which does not need to be high in temperature is limited. In particular, since the height and width of the connection portion 608 are smaller than those of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, heat conduction through the connection portion 608 can be significantly suppressed. Therefore, the temperature of the low temperature reaction portion 606 can be suppressed from being raised to the set temperature or higher while the heat loss of the high temperature reaction portion 604 can be suppressed. That is, even when the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606 are accommodated in one heat insulating package 791, a temperature difference can be generated between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606.

Further, since the flow paths 702, 704, 710, and 714 that communicate between the low-temperature reaction part 606 and the high-temperature reaction part 604 are collected in one connection part 608, stress generated in the connection part 608 and the like can be reduced. That is, since there is a temperature difference between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606, the high temperature reaction portion 604 expands further than the low temperature reaction portion 606, but since the high temperature reaction portion 604 becomes a free end except for a connection portion with the connection portion 608, stress generated in the connection portion 608 and the like can be suppressed. In particular, since the height and width of the coupling portion 608 are smaller than those of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the coupling portion 608 couples the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to each other at the center in the width direction of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of stress in the coupling portion 608, the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and the low-temperature reaction portion 606.

The pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 extend outside the heat insulating package 791, and are all connected to the low temperature reaction portion 606. Therefore, direct heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction portion 604 to the outside of the heat insulating package 791 can be suppressed, and heat loss from the high-temperature reaction portion 604 can be suppressed. Therefore, even when the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606 are accommodated in one heat insulating package 791, a temperature difference can be generated between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606.

Since the lower surface of the connection portion 608, the lower surface of the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 are flush with each other, the heating wire 722 can be relatively easily laid, and disconnection of the heating wire 722 can be suppressed.

Further, since the liquid absorbing material 623 is filled in the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is used as the vaporizer 610, the temperature state necessary for vaporizing the mixed liquid (for example, the upper portion of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is 120 ℃) can be formed while the microreactor module 600 is downsized and simplified.

Further, since the burner plate 624 is provided around the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 at the upper end portion of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the liquid absorbing material 623 inside the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is filled to the position of the height of the burner plate 624, the combustion heat in the first burner 612 can be efficiently used in the vaporization of the mixed liquid.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, the partition member 20 is formed by assembling the bed plate 21 parallel to the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 17 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 parallel to the side plates 14, 16, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the partition member 20 may be formed by assembling the wall plates parallel to the side plates 13, 15 and the wall plates 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, or the partition member 20 may be formed by assembling the wall plates parallel to the side plates 13, 15 and the bed plate 21. Further, in the above-described embodiment, although only one bed plate 21 parallel to the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 17 is used, a plurality of bed plates may be used.

(embodiment 3)

Next, the reaction apparatus of the present invention in embodiment 3 will be described.

FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor in the 3 rd embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from below.

Fig. 21A and 21B are a top view and a bottom view of the reactor of the present embodiment.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of fig. 21B.

Fig. 23 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of fig. 21A.

As shown, the reactor 400 includes: a box-shaped member 410 opened at a lower bottom surface; a partition plate (3 rd partition plate: partition member) 420 housed in the box-shaped member 410, and a bottom plate 430 closing a lower opening of the box-shaped member 410.

The box-shaped member 410, the partition plate 420, and the bottom plate 430 may be made of a plate-shaped metal material such as stainless steel, a ceramic material, a glass material, or a resin material.

The box member 410 includes: a top plate 412 formed in a square or rectangle; a pair of side plates 414, 414 provided on opposite sides of the top plate 412 among the four sides thereof and connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 412; and a pair of side plates 416, 416 provided on the other opposite sides of the top plate 412 to be connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 412. The side plates 414 are connected to each other in a state of being vertically connected to the side plate 416, and the four side plates 414, 416 are designed to have a square frame shape or a rectangular frame shape.

In order to make the bottom plate 430 parallel to the top plate 412, edge portions of the bottom plate 430 are joined to lower edge portions of the side plates 414, 416. Thus, the bottom opening of the box-shaped member 410 is closed by the bottom plate 430, thereby forming a reaction vessel having a hollow parallelepiped shape.

The spacer 420 is designed to have a rectangular wave shape. That is, the separator 420 has: a pair of flat plate-like reinforcing portions 422, 422 opposed to each other on both sides; a plurality of partitions 424 and 424 … facing the reinforcing part 422 between the 2 reinforcing parts 422 and 422; and a plurality of folded portions 426, and … that connect between the adjacent partition 424 and the partition 424, or between the adjacent partition 424 and the reinforcement 422, on one of the four sides of the partition 424.

The partition plate 420 is housed in the box-shaped member 410 so as to be parallel to the top plate 412 in the wave height direction. That is, the reinforcing portions 422 and 422 are plate-shaped portions on both sides of the separator 420, and the reinforcing portion 422 is in surface contact with the side plate 414, and the reinforcing portion 422 is preferably joined to the side plate 414 by welding. This can reinforce the side plate 414 and improve the rigidity of the reaction vessel of the reactor 400.

The folded portion 426 of the partition plate 420 is in surface contact with the side plate 416, and preferably, the folded portion 426 is joined to the side plate 416 by welding. This can reinforce the side plate 416 and improve the rigidity of the reaction vessel of the reactor 400.

The upper edge of the folded-back portion 426, the upper edge of the reinforcing portion 422, and the upper edge of the partition 424 form the upper edge of the partition plate 420, and the upper edge of the partition plate 420 is brought into contact with the top plate 412 of the box-shaped member 410 and is preferably joined by welding. This can reinforce the top plate 412 and improve the rigidity of the reaction vessel of the reactor 400.

The lower edge of the folded portion 426, the lower edge of the reinforcing portion 422, and the lower edge of the blocking portion 424 form the lower edge of the separator 420, and the lower edge of the separator 420 is brought into contact with the bottom plate 430, preferably, joined by welding. This can reinforce the bottom plate 430 and increase the rigidity of the reaction vessel of the reactor 400.

In this way, since the partition plate 420 is housed in the box-shaped member 410, the hollow space formed by the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 is divided into the plurality of spaces 418, … by the partition 424. In these spaces 418, …, an inlet 432 that leads into the space 418 between the reinforcing part 422 and the partition 424 on one side is formed in the bottom plate 430, and an outlet 434 that leads into the space 418 between the reinforcing part 422 and the partition 424 on the other side is formed in the bottom plate 430.

A pair of upper and lower through holes (1 st through hole) 428 and 428 are formed near one end in the wave height direction of the blocking portion 424, and the adjacent spaces 418 and 418 communicate with each other through the through holes 428 and 428. Therefore, the hollow space formed by the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 is designed in a shape of a flow path from the inlet 432 to the outlet 434, and the flow path is formed in a zigzag shape.

In the reactor 400, when a reactant is introduced into the introduction port 432 by a pump or the like, the reactant flows through the spaces 418, and … in this order. As the reactants flow through the spaces 418, …, products are produced from the reactants. Then, the product is discharged from the discharge port 434. In each space 418, the reactant flows in the wave height direction of the partition 420.

Depending on the application of the reactor 400, a heater (for example, heating wire, burner, or the like) may be provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430, a catalyst may be supported on the partition plate 420 (mainly on the surface of the partition 424), or a catalyst may be supported on the inner surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430.

For example, when the reactor 400 is used as a vaporizer, a heating wire or a burner is provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430, and thus, a liquid as a reactant is heated and vaporized while flowing from the inlet 432 to the outlet 434. Thereby, the gas as a product flows out from the discharge port 434.

When the reactor 400 is used as a reformer, a heating wire or a burner is provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430, and a reforming catalyst (for example, a Cu/ZnO-based catalyst or a Pd/ZnO-based catalyst) is supported on the surface of the partition 424. In this way, while the mixed gas of the fuel and water (for example, the mixed gas of methanol and water) as the reactant flows from the inlet 432 to the outlet 434, the mixed gas is heated, and hydrogen gas or the like can be generated from the mixed gas by the reforming catalyst. Thereby, the mixed gas containing hydrogen gas or the like flows out from the outlet 434 as a product.

When the reactor 400 is used as a carbon monoxide remover, a heating wire or a burner is provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430, and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the surface of the partition 424. Thus, the mixed gas of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and carbon monoxide gas as the reactant is heated while flowing from the introduction port 432 to the discharge port 434, and the carbon monoxide gas can be selectively oxidized by the carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst. Thereby, the gas from which the carbon monoxide gas has been removed flows out as a product from the exhaust port 434.

When the reactor 400 is used as a burner, a combustion catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the surface of the partition 424. Thus, the hydrogen gas can be combusted while the mixed gas of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas as the reactant flows from the inlet 432 to the outlet 434. Thereby, water as a product flows out from the outlet 434.

The following describes an insulation structure for suppressing heat loss of the reaction vessel 400.

Fig. 24 is a perspective side view of a state in which an insulating package is provided in the reactor of the present embodiment.

The heat insulating package (heat insulating container) 440 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel or ceramic, and the box member 410 and the bottom plate 430 are housed in the heat insulating package 440. At this time, 2 pipes 442 and 444 penetrate the wall surface of the heat insulating package 440, and the end of one pipe 442 is connected to the inlet 432 and the end of the other pipe 444 is connected to the outlet 434 in the heat insulating package 440. Here, the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 are supported by 2 pipes 442 and 444, and when the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 are in a state of being separated from the inner surface of the heat insulating package 440, heat conduction from the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 directly to the heat insulating package 440 can be suppressed, and heat insulation can be further improved. The inside of the heat insulating package 440 is evacuated to make the internal space a vacuum pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, thereby forming a vacuum heat insulating structure. When the internal space of the heat insulating package 440 is a vacuum pressure, the interior of the reaction vessel of the reactor 400 is a normal pressure, and thus the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 are subjected to stress in the expansion direction. However, the reinforcing portion 422 is joined to the side plate 414 of the box-shaped member 410, the side plate 414 is reinforced, the folded portion 426 is joined to the side plate 416, the side plate 416 is reinforced, the lower edge portion of the partition portion 424 is joined to the bottom plate 430, the bottom plate 430 is reinforced, the upper edge portion of the partition portion 424 is joined to the top plate 412, and the top plate 412 is reinforced, whereby the entire reaction vessel is reinforced, and breakage and deformation due to stress can be prevented.

(modification example)

FIG. 25 is an exploded perspective view of a modified example of the reactor of the present embodiment.

In the reaction vessel 400A, four triangular openings 423, 423 are formed in the reinforcement portion 422.

The reaction vessel 400A is provided similarly to the reactor 400 of fig. 20 except for the opening 423, and therefore, the same reference numerals are given to parts corresponding to the reactor 400 shown in fig. 20, and the description thereof is omitted.

By forming the opening 423 in the reinforcing portion 422, the volume of the reinforcing portion 422 can be reduced, and the heat capacity of the reinforcing portion 422 can be reduced. Therefore, heat loss in the reinforcement portion 422 can be reduced, and the heat for reaction can be effectively utilized. In particular, even if four triangular openings 423, 423 are formed in the reinforcing portion 422, since the reinforcing portion 422 has a cross shape, the strength of the reinforcing portion 422 can be minimized from being reduced.

(embodiment 4)

Next, the reaction apparatus of the present invention in embodiment 4 will be described.

FIG. 26 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor in the 4 th embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from below.

Fig. 27A and 27B are a top view and a side view of the reactor of the present embodiment.

Fig. 28 is a sectional view from IX-IX of fig. 27B.

Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of fig. 27B.

The reactor 500 includes: a box-shaped member 510 having an opening at a lower bottom surface, a partition plate (1 st partition plate) 550 which is housed in the box-shaped member 510 and vertically partitions a space in the box-shaped member 510, a bottom plate 530 which closes the lower opening of the box-shaped member 510, a partition plate (3 rd partition plate) 520 which is housed in an upper space among 2 spaces partitioned by the partition plate 550, and a partition plate (3 rd partition plate) 540 which is housed in a lower space.

The box-shaped member 510, the partition plate 520, the partition plate 540, the partition plate 550, and the bottom plate 530 may be made of a metal material such as stainless steel, a ceramic material, a glass material, or a resin material.

The box member 510 includes: a square or rectangular top plate 512; a pair of side plates 514, 514 provided on opposite sides of the top plate 512 among the four sides thereof and connected in a state of being vertically connected to the top plate 512; and a pair of side plates 516, 516 provided on the other opposite sides of the top plate 512 to be connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 512. The side plates 514 are connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the side plates 516.

In order to make the bottom plate 530 parallel to the top plate 512, the edge of the bottom plate 530 is joined to the lower edges of the side plates 514, 516, thereby constituting a reaction vessel having a hollow parallel tetrahedral shape. The partition plate 550 is housed in the box-shaped member 510 in a state parallel to the bottom plate 530 and the top plate 512, and the edges of the partition plate 550 are joined to the upper and lower middle web portions of the side plates 514, 516.

The partition 520 is designed to have a rectangular wave shape. That is, the separator 520 has: a pair of flat plate-like reinforcing portions 522, 522 opposed to each other on both sides; a plurality of partitions 524 and 524 … between the 2 reinforcing portions 522 and opposed to the reinforcing portion 522; and a plurality of folded portions 526, and … that connect between the adjacent partition 524 and partition 524, or between the adjacent partition 524 and reinforcement 522, on one of the four sides of the partition 524.

The separator 540 also has a pair of reinforcing portions 542, a plurality of partition portions 544, …, and a plurality of folded portions 546, …, as in the separator 520. The partition shape of the partition 540 is formed to be the same as that of the partition 520.

The partition plate 520 is housed in a space between the partition plate 550 and the top plate 512 so as to be parallel to the top plate 512 in the wave height direction. The reinforcing portions 522, 522 are plate-shaped portions on both sides of the partition plate 520, the reinforcing portion 522 is in surface contact with the side plate 514, and the reinforcing portion 522 is preferably joined to the side plate 514 by welding. The folded portion 526 of the partition 520 is in surface contact with the side plate 516, and the folded portion 526 is preferably joined to the side plate 516 by welding.

The upper edge of the folded-back portion 526, the upper edge of the reinforcing portion 522, and the upper edge of the partition portion 524 serve as the upper edge of the partition plate 520, and the upper edge of the partition plate 520 is in contact with the top plate 512 of the box-shaped member 510 and is preferably joined by welding. The lower edge of the folded portion 526, the lower edge of the reinforcing portion 522, and the lower edge of the blocking portion 524 form the lower edge of the separator 520, and the lower edge of the separator 520 is brought into contact with the separator 550 and preferably joined by welding.

The partition 520 is housed in a space between the top plate 512 and the partition 550 in the box-shaped member 510, and the space is divided into a plurality of spaces 518, and … by partitions 524.

The partition 540 is housed in a space between the partition plate 550 and the bottom plate 530 so as to be parallel to the top plate 512 in the wave height direction. The reinforcing portions 542, 542 are plate-shaped portions on both sides of the separator 540, the reinforcing portion 542 is in surface contact with the side plate 514, and the reinforcing portion 542 is preferably joined to the side plate 514 by welding. The folded portion 546 of the partition 540 is in surface contact with the side plate 516, and preferably, the folded portion 546 is joined to the side plate 516 by welding.

The upper edge of folded-back portion 546, the upper edge of reinforcing portion 542, and the upper edge of blocking portion 544 constitute the upper edge of separator 540, and the upper edge of separator 540 is brought into contact with separator 550, preferably joined by welding. The lower edge of folded-back portion 546, the lower edge of reinforcing portion 542, and the lower edge of blocking portion 544 constitute the lower edge of separator 540, and the lower edge of separator 540 is brought into contact with bottom plate 530, preferably joined by welding.

Thus, the box-shaped members 510 and the bottom plate 530 are reinforced by the partition plates 520 and 540 and the partition plate 550, and the rigidity of the reaction vessel of the reactor 500 is improved.

The partition 540 is housed in a space between the bottom plate 530 and the partition plate 550 in the box-shaped member 510, and the space is divided into a plurality of spaces 519, and … by partitions 544. The lower partition 540 overlaps the upper partition 520 with the partition 550 interposed therebetween, and the upper space 518 is isolated from the lower space 519 by the partition 550.

A through hole (1 st through hole) 528 is formed in the partition 524, and the adjacent spaces 518 and 518 communicate with each other through the through hole 528. A through hole 548 is formed in the partition portion 544, and the adjacent spaces 519 and 519 communicate with each other through the through hole 548. A plurality of through holes (2 nd through hole) 552, and … are formed in the partition plate 550, and the spaces 518 and 519 adjacent to each other in the upper and lower direction communicate with each other through the through holes 552. These spaces 518, and … and spaces 519, and … are formed as a series of zigzag flow paths by the through- holes 528, 548, and 552.

An inlet 532 leading to any one of the plurality of spaces 519, … is formed in the bottom plate 530, and an outlet 534 leading to the other space 519 is formed in the bottom plate 530.

In the reactor 500, when a reactant is introduced into the introduction port 532 by a pump or the like, the reactant flows through the spaces 518, and … and the spaces 519, and …. As the reactants flow through spaces 518, … and spaces 519, …, products are produced from the reactants. Then, the product is discharged from the discharge port 534 to the outside. In each space 518, 519, the reactant flows in the wave height direction of the partition 520, 540.

In the reactor 500, similarly to the reactor 400 of embodiment 3, depending on the application, a heater may be provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 510 and the bottom plate 530, a catalyst may be supported on the separators 520 and 540, a catalyst may be supported on the inner surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 510 and the bottom plate 530, or a catalyst may be supported on the separator 550.

In the present embodiment, as in the case of embodiment 3, the heat loss of the reactor 500 can be suppressed by housing the reactor 500 in a heat insulating package (heat insulating container) having a vacuum pressure inside. In this case, although the reaction vessel composed of the box-shaped member 510 and the bottom plate 530 is subjected to stress in the expansion direction, in the present embodiment, the box-shaped member 510 and the bottom plate 530 can be reinforced by the partition plate 550 and the partition plates 520 and 540, and the rigidity of the reaction vessel of the reactor 500 is increased, so that breakage and deformation due to stress can be prevented. Further, one of the 2 pipes penetrating the heat insulating package may be connected to the inlet 532, the other pipe may be connected to the outlet 534, and the box-shaped member 510 and the bottom plate 530 may be supported by the 2 pipes, so that the box-shaped member 510 and the bottom plate 530 are separated from the inner surface of the heat insulating package, thereby suppressing direct heat conduction to the heat insulating package and improving the heat insulating property.

(embodiment 5)

Next, the embodiment 5 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention will be described. Note that the same or equivalent structures as those of the above embodiments are denoted by the same or equivalent reference numerals, and the description thereof is simplified or omitted.

FIG. 30 is a side view of a microreactor assembly of the 5 th embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a schematic side view in functional division of the microreactor assembly of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 30 and 31, the microreactor module 600 has the same configuration as the microreactor module 600 according to embodiment 2 described above, and includes a supply/discharge unit 602, a high-temperature reaction unit 604 (1 st reaction unit) for causing a reforming reaction, a low-temperature reaction unit 606 (2 nd reaction unit) for causing a selective oxidation reaction, and a connecting unit 608 for transporting a reactant and a product between the high-temperature reaction unit 604 and the low-temperature reaction unit 606.

The supply/discharge unit 602 is mainly provided with a vaporizer 610 and a first combustor 612, and air and gas fuel are supplied to the first combustor 612 independently or as a mixed gas, respectively, and heat is generated by catalytic combustion thereof. Water and liquid fuel are supplied from the fuel container to the vaporizer 610 independently or in a mixed state, and are vaporized by combustion heat of the first burner 612.

The high-temperature reaction section 604 is mainly provided with the second combustor 614 and the reformer 400B provided in the second combustor 614. Air and gaseous fuel are supplied to the second combustor 614 independently or in the form of a mixed gas, respectively, and heat is generated by means of catalytic combustion thereof.

The mixed gas (1 st reactant) in which water and liquid fuel have been vaporized is supplied from the vaporizer 610 to the reformer 400B, and the reformer 400B is heated by the second combustor 614. In the reformer 400B, hydrogen gas and the like (1 st product) are generated from the water vapor and the vaporized liquid fuel by a catalytic reaction, and a slight amount of carbon monoxide gas is also generated. When the fuel is methanol, chemical reactions such as the above chemical formulas (1) and (2) are caused.

The low-temperature reaction section 606 is mainly provided with the carbon monoxide remover 500B. The carbon monoxide remover 500B is heated by the first burner 612, and a mixed gas (the 2 nd reactant) including hydrogen gas and a small amount of carbon monoxide gas or the like generated by the chemical reaction in (2) above is supplied from the reformer 400B, and oxygen (or air may be supplied as well). In the carbon monoxide remover 500B, carbon monoxide in the mixed gas is selectively oxidized, thereby removing carbon monoxide. A mixed gas (2 nd product: hydrogen-rich gas) from which carbon monoxide has been removed is supplied to a fuel electrode of a fuel cell.

Next, a specific structure of the microreactor module 600 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 30 and 32 to 36.

FIG. 32 is an exploded perspective view of the microreactor assembly of the present embodiment.

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in FIG. 30.

FIG. 34 is a sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIG. 30.

Fig. 35 is a sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI in fig. 30.

Fig. 36 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVII-XVII in fig. 30.

As shown in fig. 30, 32, and 33, the supply and discharge unit 602 includes: liquid fuel introduction pipe 622; a burner plate 624 provided at the upper end of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 so as to surround the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622; 5 tubes 626, 628, 630, 632, 634, which are arranged around the liquid fuel inlet pipe 622.

For example, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is made of a tubular metal material such as stainless steel, and the liquid absorbing material 623 is filled in the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622. The liquid absorbent material 623 is a material that absorbs liquid, and the liquid absorbent material 623 includes, for example: a material formed by fixing inorganic fibers or organic fibers with a binder, a material formed by sintering inorganic powder, a material formed by fixing inorganic powder with a binder, a mixture of graphite and glassy carbon, and the like. Specifically, a felt material, a ceramic porous material, a fiber material, a carbon porous material, or the like may be used as the liquid absorbing material 623.

For example, the pipes 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 are made of tubular metal material such as stainless steel.

For example, the burner plate 624 is also made of a plate-like metal material such as stainless steel. A through hole is formed in the center of the burner plate 624, and a liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is fitted into the through hole, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the burner plate 624 are joined together. Here, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is joined to the burner plate 624 by brazing, for example. The brazing material has a melting point higher than the highest temperature among the temperatures of the fluid flowing through the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the burner plate 624, and particularly, a gold brazing material having a melting point of 700 degrees or higher and containing silver, copper, zinc, and cadmium in gold, a brazing material containing gold, silver, zinc, and nickel as main components, or a brazing material containing gold, palladium, and silver as main components is preferable. In addition, a partition wall is provided on one surface of the combustor plate 624 in such a manner as to protrude therefrom. A part of the partition wall is provided over the entire outer edge of the combustor plate 624, and the other part is provided over the radial direction, and the combustor plate 624 is joined to the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction part 606, whereby a combustion flow path 625 is formed on the joint surface, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is surrounded by the combustion flow path 625. A combustion catalyst for combusting the combustion mixture is supported on the wall surface of the combustion flow path 625. The combustion catalyst may be, for example, platinum. Further, the liquid absorbing material 623 inside the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is filled to the position of the burner plate 624.

As shown in fig. 30 and 32, the high-temperature reaction portion 604, the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608 have the insulating plate 640 and the base plate 642, which are stacked, as a common base. Therefore, the insulating plate 640 serves as a common bottom surface for the high-temperature reaction part 604, the low-temperature reaction part 606, and the coupling part 608, and the bottom surface of the coupling part 608 is flush with the bottom surface of the high-temperature reaction part 604 and also flush with the bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction part 606.

The base plate 642 includes: base portion 652 serving as a base of low-temperature reaction portion 606, base portion 654 serving as a base of high-temperature reaction portion 604, and coupling base portion 656 serving as a base of coupling portion 608. The base portion 652, the base portion 654, and the coupling base portion 656 are integrally formed, and the coupling base portion 656 is designed to be tapered. The base plate 642 is made of a plate-like metal material such as stainless steel.

The insulating plate 640 includes: a base portion 662 that becomes a base of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, a base portion 664 that becomes a base of the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and a coupling base portion 666 that becomes a base of the coupling portion 608. The insulating plate 640 is formed by integrally forming a base portion 662, a base portion 664, and a coupling base portion 666, and is designed to be tapered at the coupling base portion 666. The insulating plate 640 is made of an electrical insulator such as ceramic, for example.

As shown in fig. 32 and 34, in a state where the insulating plate 640 is joined to the base plate 642, the through holes 671 to 678 penetrate the base portion 652 of the base plate 642 and the base portion 662 of the insulating plate 640.

As shown in fig. 30 and 32, the base portion 662 of the insulating plate 640 serves as the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 are joined to the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 by brazing or the like. Here, the pipe 626 leads to a through hole 671, the pipe 628 leads to a through hole 672, the pipe 630 leads to a through hole 673, the pipe 632 leads to a through hole 674, the pipe 634 leads to a through hole 675, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 leads to a through hole 678.

As shown in fig. 32, 33, and 34, the combustor plate 624 is joined to the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and one end of the combustion flow path 625 of the combustor plate 624 leads to the through hole 676, and the other end of the combustion flow path 625 leads to the through hole 677.

As shown in fig. 34, the base plate 642 has: reformed fuel supply passage 702, communication passage 704, air supply passage 706, mixing chamber 708, combustion fuel supply passage 710, combustion chamber 712, exhaust passage 714, combustion fuel supply passage 716, and exhaust chamber 718.

The reformed fuel supply passage 702 is formed such that: from the through hole 678, it passes through the coupling base portion 656 and reaches the corner of the base portion 654. The mixing chamber 708 is formed in a square shape on the base portion 652. The communication flow path 704 is formed as: from the corner of the base part 654, the mixture reaches the mixing chamber 708 through the coupling base part 656. The air supply flow path 706 is formed as: from the through bore 675 to the mixing chamber 708.

The combustion chamber 712 is formed in a C-shape at the center of the base portion 654. A combustion catalyst for combusting the combustion mixture is supported on the wall surface of the combustion chamber 712.

The combustion fuel supply flow path 710 is formed such that: the combustion chamber 712 is reached from the through hole 672 through the coupling base 656. The exhaust gas flow path 714 is formed as: from the through-holes 677 to the through-holes 673, and from the combustion chamber 712 to the through-holes 673 through the coupling base 656. The combustion fuel supply passage 716 is formed in the base portion 652: from through hole 674 to through hole 676. The exhaust chamber 718 is formed in a rectangular shape on the base portion 652, and communicates with the through hole 671 at a corner portion of the exhaust chamber 718.

The carbon monoxide remover 500B is provided on the base portion 652. The carbon monoxide remover 500B employs the reactor 500 according to embodiment 4, and the carbon monoxide remover 500B has the same structure as the reactor 500 according to embodiment 4 shown in fig. 26 to 29.

Also, the cross section of the carbon monoxide remover 500B shown in fig. 35 corresponds to the cross section of the reactor 500 shown in fig. 28, and the cross section of the carbon monoxide remover 500B shown in fig. 36 corresponds to the cross section of the reactor 500 shown in fig. 29.

As shown in fig. 30 and 32, the bottom plate 530 of the carbon monoxide remover 500B is joined to the upper surface of the base portion 652. A part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, a part of the communication passage 704, the air supply passage 706, the mixing chamber 708, the combustion fuel supply passage 716, and the exhaust chamber 718 are covered with the bottom plate 530. Inlet 532 formed in bottom plate 530 is positioned above corner 709 of mixing chamber 708 and outlet 534 formed in bottom plate 530 is positioned above corner 719 of exhaust chamber 718.

In this carbon monoxide remover 500B, a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the inner surfaces of the box member 510 and the bottom plate 530, the partition plate 520, the partition plate 540, and the partition plate 550.

Next, the base portion 654 is provided with a reformer 400B. The reformer 400B is a reactor 400 according to embodiment 3, and the reformer 400B is configured in the same manner as the reactor 400 shown in fig. 20 to 23.

The cross section of the reformer 400B shown in fig. 36 corresponds to the cross section of the reactor 400 shown in fig. 22.

As shown in fig. 30 and 32, the bottom plate 430 of the reformer 400B is joined to the upper surface of the base portion 654. The bottom plate 430 covers a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, a part of the communication passage 704, and the combustion chamber 712. An inlet 432 formed in the bottom plate 430 is positioned above an end 703 of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, and an outlet 434 formed in the bottom plate 430 is positioned above an end 705 of the communication passage 704.

The reformer 400B supports a reforming catalyst (for example, a Cu/ZnO catalyst or a Pd/ZnO catalyst) on the inner surfaces of the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 and on the separators 420.

As shown in fig. 32, the bottom plate 430 of the reformer 400B and the bottom plate 530 of the carbon monoxide remover 500B are integrally formed while being coupled by a coupling cover 680. The plate 690, which integrates the bottom plate 430, the bottom plate 530, and the coupling cover 680, is designed to be tapered at the coupling cover 680. The plate member 690 is joined to the base plate 642, and the coupling cover 680 of the plate member 690 is joined to the coupling base 656 of the base plate 642, thereby constituting the coupling portion 608. In the connection portion 608, a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, and a part of the communication passage 704 are covered with a connection cover 680.

As shown in fig. 30, the coupling portion 608 has, for example, a prismatic shape, the width of the coupling portion 608 is smaller than the width of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the width of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the height of the coupling portion 608 is also lower than the height of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the height of the low-temperature reaction portion 606. The connection portion 608 is bridged between the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608 is connected to the high-temperature reaction portion 604 at the center in the width direction of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and to the low-temperature reaction portion 606 at the center in the width direction of the low-temperature reaction portion 606.

As described above, the connection portion 608 is provided with the reformed fuel supply passage 702, the communication passage 704, the combustion fuel supply passage 710, and the exhaust passage 714.

The flow paths provided inside the supply/discharge unit 602, the high-temperature reaction unit 604, the low-temperature reaction unit 606, and the connection unit 608 will be described below.

Fig. 37 shows a path from the supply of a combustion mixture gas composed of a gas fuel and air to the discharge of water or the like as a product in the microreactor module of the present embodiment.

Fig. 38 shows a path from the supply of the liquid fuel and water to the discharge of the hydrogen gas or the like as a product in the microreactor module according to the present embodiment.

Here, the correspondence among fig. 37, 38, and 31 will be described, in which the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 corresponds to the vaporizer 610, the combustion flow path 625 corresponds to the first combustor 612, and the combustion chamber 712 corresponds to the second combustor.

As shown in fig. 32, the heating wire 720 is arranged in a meandering pattern on the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, that is, on the lower surface of the insulating plate 640, and the heating wire 722 is arranged in a meandering pattern on the lower surfaces thereof from the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to the high-temperature reaction portion 604 through the connection portion 608. Heating wires 724 are arranged from the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to the side surface of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 through the surface of the burner plate 624. Here, an insulating film such as silicon nitride or silicon oxide is formed on the side surface of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the surface of the burner plate 624, and the heating wire 724 is formed on the surface of the insulating film. By arranging the heating wires 720, 722, 724 on the insulating film or insulating plate 640, the voltage to be applied is not applied to the base plate 642 made of a metal material, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622, the burner plate 624, and the like, and the heat generation efficiency of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 can be improved.

The heating wires 720, 722, 724 are laminated in this order from the insulating film or the insulating plate 640, i.e., a diffusion preventing layer and a heat generating layer. The heat generating layer is a material (e.g., Au) having the lowest resistivity among the 3 layers, and when a voltage is applied to the heating wires 720, 722, and 724, a current flows intensively to generate heat. The diffusion preventing layer is a material in which a material of the heat generating layer is hard to thermally diffuse into the diffusion preventing layer and a material of the diffusion preventing layer is hard to thermally diffuse into the heat generating layer even if the heating wires 720, 722, 724 generate heat, and a material having a high melting point and low reactivity (for example, W) is preferably used for the diffusion preventing layer. In the case where the diffusion preventing layer has low adhesiveness to the insulating film and is easily peeled off, an adhesive layer may be further provided between the insulating film and the diffusion preventing layer, and the adhesive layer may be made of a material (for example, Ta, Mo, Ti, or Cr) having excellent adhesiveness to both the diffusion preventing layer and the insulating film or the insulating plate 640. The heating wire 720 heats the low temperature reaction part 606 at the time of activation, the heating wire 722 heats the high temperature reaction part 604 and the connection part 608 at the time of activation, and the heating wire 724 heats the vaporizer 610 and the first burner 612 which are supplied to the discharge part 602. Thereafter, when the second combustor 614 is combusted by the exhaust gas containing hydrogen from the fuel cell, the heating wire 722 heats the high-temperature reaction part 604 and the connection part 608 as an aid of the second combustor 612. Similarly, when the first combustor 612 is combusted by the exhaust gas containing hydrogen from the fuel cell, the heating wire 720 heats the low-temperature reaction part 606 as an auxiliary of the first combustor 612.

Since the resistances of the heating wires 720, 722, and 724 change with a change in temperature, they function as temperature sensors that read a change in temperature in response to a change in resistance. Specifically, the temperature of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 is proportional to the resistance.

The ends of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 are located below the low-temperature reaction part 606, and the ends are arranged in such a manner as to surround the burner plate 624. Lead wires 731 and 732 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 720, lead wires 733 and 734 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 722, and lead wires 735 and 736 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 724. In fig. 30, the heating wires 720, 722, 724 and the leads 731 to 736 are not shown for the convenience of viewing the drawing.

As shown in fig. 32, an adsorbent 728 may be provided on the surface of the connection portion 608. A heater such as an electrothermal material is provided in the adsorbent 728, and lead wires 737 and 738 are connected to the adsorbent 728, respectively. The adsorbent 728 is activated by heating, has an adsorbing action, and adsorbs a gas remaining in the internal space of the heat insulating package 791, a gas leaking from the microreactor assembly 600 into the internal space of the heat insulating package 791, and a gas entering from the outside into the heat insulating package 791, which will be described later, thereby suppressing a decrease in the heat insulating effect due to a deterioration in the degree of vacuum in the internal space of the heat insulating package 791. Examples of the material of the adsorbent 728 include alloys containing zirconium, barium, titanium, or vanadium as a main component. In fig. 30, the lead lines 737 and 738 are omitted for the sake of easy viewing of the drawing.

In the microreactor assembly 600 of the present embodiment, in order to suppress heat loss, the entire microreactor assembly 600 may be covered with an insulating package 791 (insulating container) as in the case of the above-described embodiment 2. The structure in this case is the same as that in embodiment 2, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.

Since the operation of the micro-reactor module 600 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the micro-reactor module 600 of embodiment 2, the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the reformer 400B of the high-temperature reaction section 604 is reinforced by the partition plate 420 to improve rigidity, and the carbon monoxide remover 500B of the low-temperature reaction section 606 is reinforced by the partition plates 520 and 540 to improve rigidity. In particular, since the reformer 400B and the carbon monoxide remover 500B are housed in the vacuum heat insulating package 791, and although stress such as expansion occurs in the reformer 400B and the carbon monoxide remover 500B, the separators 420 and 520 and 540 are joined to the inside of the reformer 400B and the inside of the carbon monoxide remover 500B, respectively, so that expansion and deformation of the reformer 400B and the carbon monoxide remover 500B can be suppressed.

The internal space of the heat insulating package 791 is an insulating space, the high temperature reaction portion 604 is separated from the low temperature reaction portion 606, and the distance from the high temperature reaction portion 604 to the low temperature reaction portion 606 corresponds to the length of the connection portion 608. Therefore, the path of heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction part 604 to the low-temperature reaction part 606 is limited to the connection part 608, and heat transfer to the low-temperature reaction part 606 which does not need to be high in temperature is limited. In particular, since the height and width of the connection portion 608 are smaller than those of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, heat conduction through the connection portion 608 can be significantly suppressed. Therefore, the temperature of the low temperature reaction portion 606 can be suppressed from being raised to the set temperature or higher while the heat loss of the high temperature reaction portion 604 can be suppressed. That is, even when the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606 are accommodated in one heat insulating package 791, a temperature difference can be generated between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606.

Further, since the flow paths 702, 704, 710, and 714 that communicate between the low-temperature reaction part 606 and the high-temperature reaction part 604 are collected in one connection part 608, stress generated in the connection part 608 and the like can be reduced. That is, since there is a temperature difference between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606, the high temperature reaction portion 604 expands further than the low temperature reaction portion 606, but since the high temperature reaction portion 604 becomes a free end except for a connection portion with the connection portion 608, stress generated in the connection portion 608 and the like can be suppressed. In particular, since the height and width of the coupling portion 608 are smaller than those of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the coupling portion 608 couples the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to each other at the center in the width direction of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of stress in the coupling portion 608, the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and the low-temperature reaction portion 606.

The pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 extend outside the heat insulating package 791, and are all connected to the low temperature reaction portion 606. Therefore, direct heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction portion 604 to the outside of the heat insulating package 791 can be suppressed, and heat loss from the high-temperature reaction portion 604 can be suppressed. Therefore, even when the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606 are accommodated in one heat insulating package 791, a temperature difference can be generated between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606.

Since the lower surface of the connection portion 608, the lower surface of the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 are flush with each other, the heating wire 722 can be relatively easily laid, and disconnection of the heating wire 722 can be suppressed.

Further, since the liquid absorbing material 623 is filled in the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is used as the vaporizer 610, the temperature state necessary for vaporizing the mixed liquid (for example, the upper portion of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is 120 ℃) can be formed while the microreactor module 600 is downsized and simplified.

Further, since the burner plate 624 is provided around the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 at the upper end portion of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the liquid absorbing material 623 inside the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is filled to the position of the height of the burner plate 624, the combustion heat in the first burner 612 can be efficiently used in the vaporization of the mixed liquid.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For example, although one coupling portion 608 is provided between the low-temperature reaction portion 606 and the high-temperature reaction portion 604, a plurality of coupling portions may be provided between the low-temperature reaction portion 606 and the high-temperature reaction portion 604.

In the reactor 500 and the carbon monoxide remover 500B, one partition plate is housed in the box-shaped member 510 to separate 2 spaces, but a plurality of partition plates may be housed in the box-shaped member 510 to separate more spaces. At this time, the partition plates are housed in the respective spaces in the same manner as the partition plates 520 and 540.

(embodiment 6)

Next, the following describes embodiment 6 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention. Note that the same or equivalent structures as those of the above embodiments are denoted by the same or equivalent reference numerals, and the description thereof is simplified or omitted.

FIG. 39 is an exploded perspective view of a reactor in accordance with embodiment 6 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from above.

Fig. 40 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor in a state where a partition plate is assembled to each partition plate of the present embodiment.

Fig. 41A and 41B are a top view and a side view of the reactor of the present embodiment.

Fig. 42 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of fig. 41B.

FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V of FIG. 41B.

As shown in fig. 39 to 43, the reactor 800 of the present embodiment includes: a box member 810 opened at a lower bottom surface thereof, a bottom plate 830 closing the lower bottom surface opening of the box member 810, a partition plate (3 rd partition plate: partition member) 820 erected on the bottom plate 830 and housed in the box member 810, and a partition plate 850 housed in the box member 810 and vertically partitioning a space in the box member 810 by a cross-combination with the partition plate 820.

The box member 810, the partition 820, the bottom plate 830, and the partition 850 may be made of a plate-like metal material such as stainless steel, a ceramic material, a glass material, or a resin material.

As shown in fig. 39, the box member 810 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape having an open bottom surface, and includes: a top plate 812 having a rectangular shape; a pair of side plates 814, 814 provided on opposite sides of the top plate 812, and connected to each other in a state of being vertically connected to the top plate 812; and a pair of side plates 816 and 816 provided on the other opposite sides of the top plate 812 and connected to each other in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 812. The side plates 814 are connected to each other in a state of being vertically connected to the side plate 816, and the box-shaped member is designed in a rectangular frame shape by the four side plates 814, 816. The partition 820 and the partition 850 are inserted into the opening of the box member 810, and the opening of the box member 810 is closed by the base plate 830 in a state where the partition 820 is accommodated in the box member 810, whereby the box member 810 is joined to the base plate 830.

In order to make the bottom plate 830 parallel to the top plate 812, the edge portions of the bottom plate 830 are joined to the lower edge portions of the side plates 814, 816. Thus, the bottom opening of the box-shaped member 810 is closed by the bottom plate 830, thereby forming a reaction vessel having a hollow parallelepiped shape.

The partition 820 is designed in a rectangular wave shape having: a pair of reinforcing portions (partition walls) 822, 822 opposed to each other on both sides; 7 partitions (partition walls) 824 and 824 … facing the reinforcing parts 822 and 822 between the 2 reinforcing parts 822 and 822; and 8 folded portions 826, and … connected between the adjacent partition portion 824 and the partition portion 824, or between the adjacent partition portion 824 and the reinforcement portion 822, on one of four sides of the partition portion 824. The folded-back section 826 is connected to: at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing portions 822, 822 or the cut-off portions 824, …. The folded-back portions 826 are alternately connected to each other with a single one of both ends of the reinforcing portions 822, 822 or the partition portions 824, ….

At the central position in the height direction of the reinforcing portions 822, the partition portions 824, … and the folded portions 826, … integrally formed therewith constituting the partition 820, cutouts 825, … extending to the central position thereof are formed in the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing portions 822, 822 or the partition portions 824, …. The slit 825 is formed parallel to the base plate 830, the height of the slit 825 is equal to the thickness of the partition plate 850, and the end portions of the reinforcing portions 822 and the partition portions 824, and … and the folded portions 826, and … can be divided into two in the upper and lower directions by inserting the partition plate 850 into the slits 825, and ….

The partition 850 is a substantially rectangular plate having almost the same size as the bottom plate 830. In the side edge portion of one side of the partition plate 850, cutouts 855, … extending from the side edge portion to the center position in the short side direction are formed so as to be orthogonal to the side edge portion. At intervals almost equal to the width of the folded portion 826 of the partition 820, 7 cuts 855 are formed in parallel with the partitions 824, and …, respectively. The widths of these cuts 855, … are equal to the thicknesses of the partitions 824, …, respectively. Further, the cutouts 825, … of the partition 820 and the corresponding cutouts 855, … of the partition 850 are formed so that the sum of the lengths thereof is equal to or greater than the length in the direction of the cutouts of the partition 820 and the partition 850.

Then, as shown in fig. 40, in a state where the cutouts 825, … of the partition 820 and the corresponding cutouts 855, … of the partition 850 are positioned with respect to each other, the side edge portion of one side of the partition 850 is inserted with respect to the cutouts 825, … of the partition 820, and the cutouts 855, … of the partition 820 are fitted into the portion of the partition 820 where the cutouts 825, 825 are not formed, and the cutouts 825, … of the partition 820 are fitted into the portion of the partition 850 where the cutouts 855, … are not formed, whereby the partition 820 and the partition 850 are assembled and fixed together.

In portions of both side edge portions in the short side direction of the partition plate 850, convex portions 857, … that fit into the notches 825, … of the reinforcing portions 822, 822 are formed. The convex portion 857 protrudes from the side edge portion and extends from the center of the separator 850 in the short-side direction to the other edge portion in the long-side direction. The convex portion 857 protrudes from the side edge portion with a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the reinforcing portion 822, and is flush with the side surface of the reinforcing portion 822 in a state where the notch 825 of the reinforcing portion 822 is fitted.

The assembled separator 820 and separator 850 are preferably joined to each other at the assembled portion by welding, brazing, or the like.

The partition 820 is housed in the box-shaped member 810 so that the wave height direction is parallel to the side plates 814, the outer surfaces of the reinforcement portions 822, 822 of the partition 820 are plate-shaped portions on both sides of the partition 820, and abut against the side plates 814, 814 (surface contact), and the outer surfaces of the folded portions 826, … also abut against the side plates 816, 816 (surface contact). The outer side faces of the reinforcing portions 822, 822 and the side plates 814, 814 are preferably joined by welding, and the outer side faces of the folded-back portions 826, … and the side plates 816, 816 are also preferably joined by welding.

The upper edge of the folded-back section 826, the upper edge of the reinforcing section 822, and the upper edge of the partition section 824 are abutted against the top plate 812 of the box-shaped member 810, and are preferably joined by welding. The lower edge of the folded-back portion 826 and the lower edge of the box-shaped member 810 are abutted against the bottom plate 830 and are preferably joined by welding.

Thus, the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830 are reinforced by the partition 820 and the partition 850, and the rigidity of the reaction vessel of the reactor 800 is improved.

As described above, since the partition 820 is housed in the box member 810, the hollow space formed by the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830 is partitioned by the reinforcing portion 822 and the partition portion 824 in the left-right direction and partitioned by the partition plate 850 in the up-down direction, thereby being divided into a plurality of spaces.

Of the plurality of partitions 824, …, two of the partitions 824, 824 are provided with a slit 825 therebetween to form through-holes (1 st through-hole) 828a, 828b in the upper and lower directions, and the other partition 824 is provided with a through-hole 828a only on the upper side of the slit 825 or a through-hole 828b only on the lower side thereof, so that the horizontally adjacent spaces communicate with each other through the through- holes 828a, 828 b. The through holes 828a and 828b are formed in a rectangular shape, for example, apart from the longitudinal end of the blocking section 824 and apart from the upper side or the lower side.

A through hole (3 rd through hole) 852 is formed in the partition plate 850, and vertically adjacent spaces communicate with each other through the through holes 852. Specifically, 5 through holes 852 are formed in the right side portion and 1 through hole 852 is formed in the left side portion of the partition plate 850. The through-holes 852 are formed in a square shape, for example, apart from one side edge of the partition plate 850 and apart from the respective cutouts 855. These through holes 828a, 828b, and 852 provide a series of zigzag flow paths for the spaces 818, and … and the spaces 819, and ….

An inlet 832 leading to any of these spaces 819, and … is formed in the bottom plate 830, and an outlet 834 leading to the other space 819 is formed in the bottom plate 830.

In the reactor 800, when a reactant is introduced into the introduction port 832 by a pump or the like, the reactant flows through the spaces 818, … and the spaces 819, …. As the reactants flow through spaces 818, … and spaces 819, …, products are formed from the reactants. Then, the product is discharged from the discharge port 834 to the outside. In each space 818, 819, the reactant flows in the direction of the wave height of the partition 820, 840.

As described above, according to this embodiment, in the reactor 800, the partition 820 and the partition 850 are housed in the box member 810, and the bottom surface opening of the box member 810 is closed by the bottom plate 830, so that a series of zigzag flow paths can be easily formed in the box member 810, the production thereof can be easily performed, and the reaction vessel composed of the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830 can be reinforced by the partition 820 and the partition 850, thereby improving the rigidity of the reaction vessel.

Depending on the application of the reactor 800, a heater (e.g., a heating wire, a burner, etc.) may be provided on at least one of the outer surfaces of the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830, a catalyst may be supported on the partition 820 (mainly the surfaces of the reinforcement 822 and the partition 824), or a catalyst may be supported on at least one of the inner surfaces of the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830.

For example, when the reactor 800 is used as a vaporizer, a heating wire or a burner is provided on at least one outer surface of the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830. Thus, the liquid as the reactant is heated while flowing from the inlet 832 to the outlet 834, and the liquid is vaporized. Thereby, the gas as a product flows out from the discharge port 834.

When the reactor 800 is used as a reformer, a heating wire or a burner is provided on at least one outer surface of the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830, and a reforming catalyst (for example, a Cu/ZnO-based catalyst or a Pd/ZnO-based catalyst) is supported on the surfaces of the reinforcement unit 822 and the partition unit 824. Thus, a mixed gas of fuel and water (for example, a mixed gas of methanol and water) as a reactant can be heated while flowing from the inlet 832 to the outlet 834, and hydrogen gas or the like can be generated from the mixed gas by the catalyst. Thus, the mixed gas containing hydrogen gas or the like can be discharged from the discharge port 834 as a product.

In the case where the reactor 800 is used as a carbon monoxide remover, a heating wire or a burner is provided on at least one outer surface of the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830, and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the surfaces of the reinforcement unit 822 and the partition 824. Thus, the mixed gas of the hydrogen gas, the oxygen gas, and the carbon monoxide gas as the reactant is heated while flowing from the introduction port 832 to the discharge port 834, and the carbon monoxide gas is selectively oxidized by the carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst. Thus, the gas from which the carbon monoxide gas has been removed can be discharged from the discharge port 834 as a product.

When the reactor 800 is used as a burner, a combustion catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the surfaces of the reinforcement unit 822 and the partition unit 824. Thus, the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen as the reactant is combusted while flowing from the inlet 832 to the outlet 834. This allows water to flow out of the discharge port 834 as a product.

Next, an insulating structure for suppressing heat loss of the reaction vessel 800 will be described.

Fig. 44 is a perspective side view of a state in which the reactor of the present embodiment is provided with a heat insulating package.

The heat insulating package 840 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel or ceramic, for example, and the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830 are accommodated in the heat insulating package 840. In this case, 2 tubes 842 and 844 are passed through the wall surface of the heat insulating package 840, and in the heat insulating package 840, an end of one tube 842 is connected to the inlet 832, and an end of the other tube 844 is connected to the outlet 834. Here, the box-shaped member 810 and the bottom plate 830 are supported by the 2 pipes 842 and 844, and when the box-shaped member 810 and the bottom plate 830 are in a state of being separated from the inner surface of the heat insulating package 840, direct heat conduction from the box-shaped member 810 and the bottom plate 830 to the heat insulating package 840 can be suppressed, and heat insulation can be further improved. Further, the vacuum insulation structure can be formed by evacuating the interior of the heat insulating package 840 to make the internal space have a vacuum pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. When the internal space of the heat insulating package 840 is at a vacuum pressure, the reaction vessel of the reactor 800 is at a normal pressure, and therefore the reaction vessel including the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830 is subjected to stress in the expansion direction. However, the reinforcing portion 822 is joined to the side plate 814 of the box-shaped member 810, the side plate 814 is reinforced, the folded portion 826 is joined to the side plate 816, the lower edge portion of the partition wall 824 is joined to the bottom plate 830, the bottom plate 830 is reinforced, the upper edge portion of the partition wall 824 is joined to the top plate 812, and the top plate 812 is reinforced, whereby the entire reaction vessel is reinforced, and deformation due to stress can be prevented.

(embodiment 7)

Next, the embodiment 7 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention will be described. Note that the same or equivalent structures as those of the above embodiments are denoted by the same or equivalent reference numerals, and the description thereof is simplified or omitted.

FIG. 45 is a side view of a microreactor assembly of the 7 th embodiment of a reaction apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 46 is a schematic side view in functional division of the microreactor assembly of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 45 and 46, the microreactor module 600 has the same configuration as the microreactor module 600 of embodiment 2 described above, and includes a supply/discharge unit 602, a high-temperature reaction unit 604 (1 st reaction unit) for causing a reforming reaction, a low-temperature reaction unit 606 (2 nd reaction unit) for causing a selective oxidation reaction, and a connecting unit 608 for transporting a reactant and a product between the high-temperature reaction unit 604 and the low-temperature reaction unit 606.

The supply/discharge unit 602 is mainly provided with a vaporizer 610 and a first combustor 612, and air and gas fuel are supplied to the first combustor 612 independently or as a mixed gas, respectively, and heat is generated by catalytic combustion thereof. Water and liquid fuel are supplied from the fuel container to the vaporizer 610 independently or in a mixed state, and are vaporized by combustion heat of the first burner 612.

The high-temperature reaction section 604 is mainly provided with the second combustor 614 and the reformer 400B provided in the second combustor 614. Air and gaseous fuel are supplied to the second combustor 614 independently or in the form of a mixed gas, respectively, and heat is generated by means of catalytic combustion thereof.

The mixed gas (1 st reactant) in which water and liquid fuel have been vaporized is supplied from the vaporizer 610 to the reformer 400B, and the reformer 400B is heated by the second combustor 614. In the reformer 400B, hydrogen gas and the like (1 st product) are generated from the water vapor and the vaporized liquid fuel by a catalytic reaction, and a slight amount of carbon monoxide gas is also generated. When the fuel is methanol, chemical reactions such as the above chemical formulas (1) and (2) are caused.

The low-temperature reaction section 606 is mainly provided with a carbon monoxide remover 800B. The carbon monoxide remover 800B is heated by the first burner 612, and a mixed gas (the 2 nd reactant) including hydrogen gas and a small amount of carbon monoxide gas or the like generated by the chemical reaction in (2) above is supplied from the reformer 400B, and oxygen (or air may be supplied as well). In the carbon monoxide remover 800B, carbon monoxide in the mixed gas is selectively oxidized, thereby removing carbon monoxide. A mixed gas (2 nd product: hydrogen gas) from which carbon monoxide has been removed is supplied to a fuel electrode of a fuel cell.

Next, a specific structure of the microreactor module 600 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 45 and 47 to 51.

FIG. 47 is an exploded perspective view of the microreactor assembly of the present embodiment.

Fig. 48 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of fig. 45.

FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI of FIG. 45.

Fig. 50 is a sectional view taken in the direction of XII-XII in fig. 45.

FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 45.

As shown in fig. 45, 47, and 48, the supply and discharge unit 602 includes: liquid fuel introduction pipe 622; a burner plate 624 provided at the upper end of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 so as to surround the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622; 5 tubes 626, 628, 630, 632, 634, which are arranged around the liquid fuel inlet pipe 622.

For example, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is made of a tubular metal material such as stainless steel, and the liquid absorbing material 623 is filled in the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622. The liquid absorbent material 623 is a material that absorbs liquid, and the liquid absorbent material 623 includes, for example: a material formed by fixing inorganic fibers or organic fibers with a binder, a material formed by sintering inorganic powder, a material formed by fixing inorganic powder with a binder, a mixture of graphite and glassy carbon, and the like. Specifically, a felt material, a ceramic porous material, a fiber material, a carbon porous material, or the like may be used as the liquid absorbing material 623.

For example, the pipes 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 are made of tubular metal material such as stainless steel.

For example, the burner plate 624 is also made of a plate-like metal material such as stainless steel. A through hole is formed in the center of the burner plate 624, and a liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is fitted into the through hole, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the burner plate 624 are joined together. Here, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is joined to the burner plate 624 by brazing, for example. The brazing material has a melting point higher than the highest temperature among the temperatures of the fluid flowing through the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the burner plate 624, and particularly, a gold brazing material having a melting point of 700 degrees or higher and containing silver, copper, zinc, and cadmium in gold, a brazing material containing gold, silver, zinc, and nickel as main components, or a brazing material containing gold, palladium, and silver as main components is preferable. In addition, a partition wall is provided on one surface of the combustor plate 624 in such a manner as to protrude therefrom. A part of the partition wall is provided over the entire outer edge of the combustor plate 624, and the other part is provided over the radial direction, and the combustor plate 624 is joined to the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction part 606, whereby a combustion flow path 625 is formed on the joint surface, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is surrounded by the combustion flow path 625. A combustion catalyst for combusting the combustion mixture is supported on the wall surface of the combustion flow path 625. The combustion catalyst may be, for example, platinum. Further, the liquid absorbing material 623 inside the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is filled to the position of the burner plate 624.

As shown in fig. 45 and 47, the high-temperature reaction part 604, the low-temperature reaction part 606, and the connection part 608 have the insulating plate 640 and the base plate 642, which are stacked, as a common base. Therefore, the insulating plate 640 serves as a common bottom surface for the high-temperature reaction part 604, the low-temperature reaction part 606, and the coupling part 608, and the bottom surface of the coupling part 608 is flush with the bottom surface of the high-temperature reaction part 604 and also flush with the bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction part 606.

The base plate 642 includes: base portion 652 serving as a base of low-temperature reaction portion 606, base portion 654 serving as a base of high-temperature reaction portion 604, and coupling base portion 656 serving as a base of coupling portion 608. The base portion 652, the base portion 654, and the coupling base portion 656 are integrally formed, and the coupling base portion 656 is designed to be tapered. The base plate 642 is made of a plate-like metal material such as stainless steel.

The insulating plate 640 includes: a base portion 662 that becomes a base of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, a base portion 664 that becomes a base of the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and a coupling base portion 666 that becomes a base of the coupling portion 608. The insulating plate 640 is formed by integrally forming a base portion 662, a base portion 664, and a coupling base portion 666, and is designed to be tapered at the coupling base portion 666. The insulating plate 640 is made of an electrical insulator such as ceramic, for example.

As shown in fig. 47 and 49, in a state where the insulating plate 640 is joined to the base plate 642, the through holes 671 to 678 penetrate the base portion 652 of the base plate 642 and the base portion 662 of the insulating plate 640.

As shown in fig. 45 and 47, the base portion 662 of the insulating plate 640 serves as the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 are joined to the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 by brazing or the like. Here, the pipe 626 leads to a through hole 671, the pipe 628 leads to a through hole 672, the pipe 630 leads to a through hole 673, the pipe 632 leads to a through hole 674, the pipe 634 leads to a through hole 675, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 leads to a through hole 678.

As shown in fig. 47, 48, and 49, the combustor plate 624 is joined to the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and one end of the combustion flow path 625 of the combustor plate 624 leads to the through hole 676, and the other end of the combustion flow path 625 leads to the through hole 677.

As shown in fig. 49, the base plate 642 has: reformed fuel supply passage 702, communication passage 704, air supply passage 706, mixing chamber 708, combustion fuel supply passage 710, combustion chamber 712, exhaust passage 714, combustion fuel supply passage 716, and exhaust chamber 718.

The reformed fuel supply passage 702 is formed such that: from the through hole 678, it passes through the coupling base portion 656 and reaches the corner of the base portion 654. The mixing chamber 708 is formed in a square shape on the base portion 652. The communication flow path 704 is formed as: from the corner of the base part 654, the mixture reaches the mixing chamber 708 through the coupling base part 656. The air supply flow path 706 is formed as: from the through bore 675 to the mixing chamber 708.

The combustion chamber 712 is formed in a C-shape at the center of the base portion 654. A combustion catalyst for combusting the combustion mixture is supported on the wall surface of the combustion chamber 712.

The combustion fuel supply flow path 710 is formed such that: the combustion chamber 712 is reached from the through hole 672 through the coupling base 656. The exhaust gas flow path 714 is formed as: from the through-holes 677 to the through-holes 673, and from the combustion chamber 712 to the through-holes 673 through the coupling base 656. The combustion fuel supply passage 716 is formed in the base portion 652: from through hole 674 to through hole 676. The exhaust chamber 718 is formed in a rectangular shape on the base portion 652, and communicates with the through hole 671 at a corner portion of the exhaust chamber 718.

The carbon monoxide remover 800B is provided on the base portion 652. This carbon monoxide remover 800B employs the reactor 800 of embodiment 6, and the carbon monoxide remover 800B is designed to be the same as the reactor 800 shown in fig. 39 to 43.

Also, the cross section of the carbon monoxide remover 800B shown in fig. 50 corresponds to the cross section of the reactor 800 shown in fig. 42 of the above-described 6 th embodiment, and the cross section of the carbon monoxide remover 800B shown in fig. 51 corresponds to the cross section of the reactor 800 shown in fig. 43. Note that the same reference numerals are given to corresponding portions between the carbon monoxide remover 800B and the reactor 800, and the description of the corresponding portions is omitted.

As shown in fig. 45 and 47, the bottom plate 830 of the carbon monoxide remover 800B is joined to the upper surface of the base portion 652. A part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, a part of the communication passage 704, the air supply passage 706, the mixing chamber 708, the combustion fuel supply passage 716, and the exhaust chamber 718 are covered with the bottom plate 830. Inlet 832 formed in base plate 830 is positioned above corner 709 of mixing chamber 708 and outlet 834 formed in base plate 830 is positioned above corner 719 of exhaust chamber 718.

In the carbon monoxide remover 800B, a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the inner surfaces of the box member 810 and the bottom plate 830, the partition plate 820, and the partition plate 850.

Next, the base portion 654 is provided with a reformer 400B. To explain this reformer 400B, the reformer 400B includes: a box-shaped member 410 having an opening at a lower bottom surface thereof, a partition plate 420 housed in the box-shaped member 410, and a bottom plate 430 closing the opening at the lower side of the box-shaped member 410. Here, the partition plate 420 is not limited, and the partition plate 420 corresponds to the partition member in the above-described embodiments 3 to 5. Further, a partition member having the same structure as the partition member 820 of the present embodiment or a partition member of another embodiment may be housed in the box-shaped member 410.

The box-shaped member 410, the partition plate 420, and the bottom plate 430 may be made of a metal material such as stainless steel, a ceramic material, a glass material, or a resin material.

The box member 410 includes: a top plate 412 formed in a square or rectangle; a pair of side plates 414, 414 provided on opposite sides of the top plate 412 among the four sides thereof and connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 412; and a pair of side plates 416, 416 provided on the other opposite sides of the top plate 412 to be connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 412. The side plates 414 are connected to each other in a state of being vertically connected to the side plate 416, and the four side plates 414, 416 are designed to have a square frame shape or a rectangular frame shape.

In order to make the bottom plate 430 parallel to the top plate 412, edge portions of the bottom plate 430 are joined to lower edge portions of the side plates 414, 416. Thus, the bottom opening of the box-shaped member 410 is closed by the bottom plate 430, thereby forming a reaction vessel having a hollow parallelepiped shape.

The separator 420 is designed in a rectangular wave shape having: a pair of reinforcing portions 422, 422 opposed to each other on both sides; a plurality of partitions 424 and 424 … facing the reinforcing part 422 between the 2 reinforcing parts 422 and 422; and a plurality of folded portions 426, and … that connect between the adjacent partition 424 and the partition 424, or between the adjacent partition 424 and the reinforcement 422, on one of the four sides of the partition 424.

The partition plate 420 is housed in the box-shaped member 410 so as to be parallel to the side plate 414 in the wave height direction, and is abutted (surface-contacted) with the reinforcing portion 422 of the partition plate 420 in a state of facing the side plate 414, and the reinforcing portion 422 is preferably joined to the side plate 414 by welding. The folded portion 426 of the partition plate 420 is abutted (surface-contacted) with the side plate 416 in a state of facing the side plate 416, and the folded portion 426 is preferably joined to the side plate 416 by welding.

The upper edge of the folded portion 426 and the upper edge of the reinforcing portion 422 are in contact with the top plate 412 of the box-shaped member 410, and are preferably joined by welding. The lower edge of the folded portion 426 and the lower edge of the reinforcing portion 422 are abutted against the bottom plate 430 and preferably joined by welding.

Since the partition 420 is accommodated in the box-shaped member 410 in this way, the hollow space formed by the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 is partitioned into the plurality of spaces 418, … by the partition 424. In these spaces 418, …, an inlet 432 that leads into the space 418 between the reinforcing part 422 and the partition 424 on one side is formed in the bottom plate 430, and an outlet 434 that leads into the space 418 between the reinforcing part 422 and the partition 424 on the other side is formed in the bottom plate 430.

The partition 424 has a pair of upper and lower through holes (first through holes) 428, and … formed at one end in the wave height direction, and the adjacent spaces 418 and 418 communicate with each other through the through holes 428 and 428. Therefore, the hollow space formed by the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 is formed in a flow path from the inlet 432 to the outlet 434, and the flow path is formed in a zigzag shape.

As shown in fig. 45 and 47, the bottom plate 430 of the reformer 400 is joined to the upper surface of the base portion 654. The bottom plate 430 covers a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, a part of the communication passage 704, and the combustion chamber 712. An inlet 432 formed in the bottom plate 430 is positioned above an end 703 of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, and an outlet 434 formed in the bottom plate 430 is positioned above an end 705 of the communication passage 704.

In this reformer 400, a reforming catalyst (for example, a Cu/ZnO-based catalyst or a Pd/ZnO-based catalyst) is supported on the inner surfaces of the box-shaped member 410 and the bottom plate 430 and on the separators 420.

As shown in fig. 47, the base plate 430 of the reformer 400B and the base plate 830 of the carbon monoxide remover 800B are integrally formed while being coupled by a coupling cover 680. The plate material 690 integrating the base plate 430, the base plate 830, and the coupling cover 680 is designed to be tapered at the coupling cover 680. The plate member 690 is joined to the base plate 642, and the coupling cover 680 of the plate member 690 is joined to the coupling base 656 of the base plate 642, thereby constituting the coupling portion 608. In the connection portion 608, a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, and a part of the communication passage 704 are covered with a connection cover 680.

As shown in fig. 47 and the like, the coupling portion 608 has, for example, a prismatic shape, the width of the coupling portion 608 is smaller than the width of the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the width of the low temperature reaction portion 606, and the height of the coupling portion 608 is also lower than the height of the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the height of the low temperature reaction portion 606. The connection portion 608 is bridged between the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608 is connected to the high-temperature reaction portion 604 at the center in the width direction of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and to the low-temperature reaction portion 606 at the center in the width direction of the low-temperature reaction portion 606.

As described above, the connection portion 608 is provided with the reformed fuel supply passage 702, the communication passage 704, the combustion fuel supply passage 710, and the exhaust passage 714.

The flow paths provided inside the supply/discharge unit 602, the high-temperature reaction unit 604, the low-temperature reaction unit 606, and the connection unit 608 will be described below.

Fig. 52 shows a path from the supply of a combustion mixture gas composed of a gas fuel and air to the discharge of water or the like as a product in the microreactor module of the present embodiment.

Fig. 53 shows a path from the supply of the liquid fuel and water to the discharge of the hydrogen gas as a product in the microreactor module according to the present embodiment.

Here, the correspondence relationship among fig. 52, 53, and 46 will be described, in which the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 corresponds to the vaporizer 610, the combustion flow path 625 corresponds to the first combustor 612, and the combustion chamber 712 corresponds to the second combustor 712.

As shown in fig. 47, the heating wire 720 is arranged in a meandering pattern on the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, that is, on the lower surface of the insulating plate 640, and the heating wire 722 is arranged in a meandering pattern on the lower surfaces thereof from the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to the high-temperature reaction portion 604 through the connection portion 608. Heating wires 724 are arranged from the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to the side surface of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 through the surface of the burner plate 624. Here, an insulating film such as silicon nitride or silicon oxide is formed on the side surface of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the surface of the burner plate 624, and the heating wire 724 is formed on the surface of the insulating film. By arranging the heating wires 720, 722, 724 on the insulating film or insulating plate 640, the voltage to be applied is not applied to the base plate 642 made of a metal material, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622, the burner plate 624, and the like, and the heat generation efficiency of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 can be improved.

The heating wires 720, 722, 724 are laminated in this order from the insulating film or the insulating plate 640, i.e., a diffusion preventing layer and a heat generating layer. The heat generating layer is a material (e.g., Au) having the lowest resistivity among the 3 layers, and when a voltage is applied to the heating wires 720, 722, and 724, a current flows intensively to generate heat. The diffusion preventing layer is a material in which a material of the heat generating layer is hard to thermally diffuse into the diffusion preventing layer and a material of the diffusion preventing layer is hard to thermally diffuse into the heat generating layer even if the heating wires 720, 722, 724 generate heat, and a material having a high melting point and low reactivity (for example, W) is preferably used for the diffusion preventing layer. In the case where the diffusion preventing layer has low adhesiveness to the insulating film and is easily peeled off, an adhesive layer may be further provided between the insulating film and the diffusion preventing layer, and the adhesive layer may be made of a material (for example, Ta, Mo, Ti, or Cr) having excellent adhesiveness to both the diffusion preventing layer and the insulating film or the insulating plate 640. The heating wire 720 heats the low temperature reaction part 606 at the time of activation, the heating wire 722 heats the high temperature reaction part 604 and the connection part 608 at the time of activation, and the heating wire 724 heats the vaporizer 610 and the first burner 612 which are supplied to the discharge part 602. Thereafter, when the second combustor 614 is combusted by the exhaust gas containing hydrogen from the fuel cell, the heating wire 722 heats the high-temperature reaction part 604 and the connection part 608 as an aid of the second combustor 612. Similarly, when the first combustor 612 is combusted by the exhaust gas containing hydrogen from the fuel cell, the heating wire 720 heats the low-temperature reaction part 606 as an auxiliary of the first combustor 612.

Since the resistances of the heating wires 720, 722, and 724 change with a change in temperature, they function as temperature sensors that read a change in temperature in response to a change in resistance. Specifically, the temperature of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 is proportional to the resistance.

The ends of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 are located below the low-temperature reaction part 606, and the ends are arranged in such a manner as to surround the burner plate 624. Lead wires 731 and 732 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 720, lead wires 733 and 734 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 722, and lead wires 735 and 736 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 724. In fig. 45, the heating wires 720, 722, 724 and the leads 731 to 736 are not shown for easy viewing of the drawing.

As shown in fig. 47, an adsorbent 728 may be provided on the surface of the connection portion 608. A heater such as an electrothermal material is provided in the adsorbent 728, and lead wires 737 and 738 are connected to the adsorbent 728, respectively. The adsorbent 728 is activated by heating, has an adsorbing action, and adsorbs a gas remaining in the internal space of the heat insulating package 791, a gas leaking from the microreactor assembly 600 into the internal space of the heat insulating package 791, and a gas entering from the outside into the heat insulating package 791, which will be described later, thereby suppressing a decrease in the heat insulating effect due to a deterioration in the degree of vacuum in the internal space of the heat insulating package 791. Examples of the material of the adsorbent 728 include alloys containing zirconium, barium, titanium, or vanadium as a main component. In fig. 45, the lead lines 737 and 738 are omitted for the convenience of viewing the drawings.

In the microreactor assembly 600 of the present embodiment, in order to suppress heat loss, the entire microreactor assembly 600 may be covered with an insulating package 791 (insulating container) as in the case of the above-described embodiment 2. The structure in this case is the same as that in embodiment 2, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.

Since the operation of the micro-reactor module 600 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the micro-reactor module 600 of embodiment 2, the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the partition 820 erected on the bottom plate 830 is accommodated in the box-shaped member 810, and the bottom surface opening of the box-shaped member 810 is closed by the bottom plate 830, so that the flow path can be easily formed in the box-shaped member 810, and the manufacturing can be easily performed.

Furthermore, since the folded portions 826 and … are provided between the reinforcing portions 822 and the partition portions 824, and …, and the folded portions 826, and … are in contact with the side plates 816 and 816 of the box-shaped member 810, the box-shaped member 810 and the partition 820 can be firmly fixed. Further, the folded portions 826, and … facilitate the vertical attachment of the reinforcing portion 822 and the partition portion 824 to the partition plate 850 and the bottom plate 830. Further, since the outer surfaces of the reinforcement portions 822, 822 abut against the side plates 814, 814 of the box-shaped member 810, the box-shaped member 810 and the partition 820 can be firmly fixed in this point as well.

Since the through holes 828a and 828b are formed in the blocking portions 824, and …, the flow paths adjacent to each other can be communicated in the horizontal direction by the through holes 828a and 828b, and the liquid fuel can be circulated between the flow paths.

Further, since the flow path is blocked up and down by the partition plate 850, it is possible to easily manufacture a multi-stage flow path and to suppress the partition 820 from spreading in the horizontal direction. Also, the partition 820 and the partition plate 850 are formed with cutouts 825, 855, respectively, which can be firmly engaged by assembling the cutouts 825, 855 to each other.

Further, since the through holes 852 and … are formed in the partition plate 850, the flow paths adjacent to each other can be communicated with each other in the vertical direction, and the liquid fuel can be circulated between the two flow paths.

Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the high temperature reaction portion 604 is separated from the low temperature reaction portion 606, and the interval from the high temperature reaction portion 604 to the low temperature reactant 606 corresponds to the length of the connection portion 608. Therefore, the path of heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction part 604 to the low-temperature reaction part 606 is limited to the connection part 608, and heat transfer to the low-temperature reaction part 606 which does not need to be high in temperature is limited. In particular, since the height and width of the connection portion 608 are smaller than those of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, heat conduction through the connection portion 608 can be significantly suppressed. Therefore, the temperature of the low temperature reaction portion 606 can be suppressed from being raised to the set temperature or higher while the heat loss of the high temperature reaction portion 604 can be suppressed. That is, even when the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606 are accommodated in one heat insulating package 791, a temperature difference can be generated between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606.

Further, since the flow paths 702, 704, 710, and 714 that communicate between the low-temperature reaction part 606 and the high-temperature reaction part 604 are collected in one connection part 608, stress generated in the connection part 608 and the like can be reduced. That is, since there is a temperature difference between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606, the high temperature reaction portion 604 expands further than the low temperature reaction portion 606, but since the high temperature reaction portion 604 becomes a free end except for a connection portion with the connection portion 608, stress generated in the connection portion 608 and the like can be suppressed. In particular, since the height and width of the coupling portion 608 are smaller than those of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the coupling portion 608 couples the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to each other at the center in the width direction of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of stress in the coupling portion 608, the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and the low-temperature reaction portion 606.

The pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 extend outside the heat insulating package 791, and are all connected to the low temperature reaction portion 606. Therefore, direct heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction portion 604 to the outside of the heat insulating package 791 can be suppressed, and heat loss from the high-temperature reaction portion 604 can be suppressed. Therefore, even when the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606 are accommodated in one heat insulating package 791, a temperature difference can be generated between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606.

Since the lower surface of the connection portion 608, the lower surface of the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 are flush with each other, the heating wire 722 can be relatively easily laid, and disconnection of the heating wire 722 can be suppressed.

Further, since the liquid absorbing material 623 is filled in the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is used as the vaporizer 610, the temperature state necessary for vaporizing the mixed liquid (for example, the upper portion of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is 120 ℃) can be formed while the microreactor module 600 is downsized and simplified.

Further, since the burner plate 624 is provided around the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 at the upper end portion of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the liquid absorbing material 623 inside the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is filled to the position of the height of the burner plate 624, the combustion heat in the first burner 612 can be efficiently used in the vaporization of the mixed liquid.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For example, the spacer 820 and the spacer 850 are joined by welding, but they may be joined by glass sealing. The box member 810 and the spacer 820, the box member 810 and the base plate 830, and the spacer 820 and the base plate 830 may be bonded by glass sealing.

Further, although the structure is adopted in which one partition plate 850 is provided in the wave height direction of the partition plate 820, a plurality of partition plates 850 may be provided to divide the flow path into a plurality of stages. The number of the partitions 824, the number of the through holes 828a and 828b, and the shape of the through holes 852 may be changed as appropriate. For example, although the through holes 828a and 828b are formed separately from the upper side portion or the lower side portion of the blocking portion 824, the upper side portion or the lower side portion may be formed by cutting.

Although the cutouts 855, 855 … are formed in the partition 850, the engagement can be performed as long as the cutouts 825, … are formed at least on the partition 820 side, and thus the following structure can be designed: the cutouts 855, … are not particularly formed in the partition panel 850, but the partition panel 850 is directly inserted into the cutouts 825, … of the partition 820.

In the above embodiment, the second burner 508 is provided by joining the burner plates 106 and 108 to the bottom plate 117, but a box-shaped member that is open at the bottom in advance may be provided, and the bottom opening of the box-shaped member may be closed by the bottom plate 117 by joining the box-shaped member to the bottom plate 117 between the first reformer 506 and the second reformer 510. In this case, the inside of the box-shaped member is a combustion chamber, but the combustion chamber may be partitioned into 2 or more by a partition wall, and the partition wall may be formed with through holes to communicate with each other.

(embodiment 8)

Next, an 8 th embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 54 is an exploded perspective view of a reactor in accordance with embodiment 8 of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, viewed obliquely from above.

Fig. 55A and 55B are a top view and a side view of the reactor of the present embodiment.

FIG. 56 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 55A.

FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 55A.

As shown in fig. 54 to 57, the reactor 900 includes: a cup-shaped box-shaped member 910 having an opening on one surface, a partition plate 920 housed in the box-shaped member 910, and a cover plate 930 closing the lower opening of the box-shaped member 910.

The box-shaped member 910, the partition 920, and the cover 930 may be made of a metal material such as stainless steel, a ceramic material, a glass material, or a resin material.

The box member 910 includes: a top plate 912 formed in a square or rectangle; a pair of side plates 914, 914 provided on two opposite sides of the top plate 912 among the four sides thereof and connected to the top plate 912 in a vertically connected state; and a pair of side plates 916, 916 provided on the other opposite sides of the top plate 912 to be connected in a vertically connected state with respect to the top plate 912. The side panel 914 is connected to the side panel 916 in a vertically connected state, and the four side panels 914, 916 are designed in a square frame shape or a rectangular frame shape, and the top panel 912 is provided above the four side panels.

In order to make the cover 930 parallel to the top plate 912, the edge of the cover 930 is joined to the lower edge of the side plates 914, 916. Thus, the bottom opening of the box-shaped member 910 is closed by the cover 930, thereby forming a reaction vessel having a hollow parallelepiped shape.

The separator 920 has a corrugated plate shape (corrugated shape) designed as a sprawl shape having a triangular wave shape. That is, the partition 920 includes a plurality of first partitions 922, … having a rectangular plate shape and facing each other, and a plurality of second partitions 924, … connecting the upper edge of a first partition 922 and the lower edge of the adjacent first partition 922. The connecting portion between the first partition 922 and the second partition 924 is a ridge, and the partition 920 is folded back at the ridge.

The partition 920 is housed in the box-shaped member 910 so that the direction of the wave height of the partition 920 is parallel to both the side plate 914 and the side plate 916, and the folded ridge line on one side of the partition 920 is in line contact with the top plate 912 of the box-shaped member 910. The other folded ridge of the spacer 920 is brought into line contact with the cover plate 930, and the spacer 920 is pressed into the spacer 920 by the cover plate 930, thereby closing the box member 910 by the cover plate 930. Thereby, the first and second partitions 922, 924 are bent.

Since the partition 920 is housed in the box member 910, the hollow space formed by the box member 910 and the lid plate 930 is partitioned into a plurality of reaction chambers 918, and … by the partition 920.

Thus, the spacer 920 is pressed into the space between the box member 910 and the cover 930. Since the first and second partitions 922, 924 are bent, the folded ridge of the partition 920 can be brought into strong contact with the top plate 912 and the cover plate 930 by the reactive stress of the first and second partitions 922, 924. Both edges of the wave shape of the partition 920 are in contact with the side plates 916, respectively, and the partitions 922, 922 on both sides of the partition 920 are in surface contact with the side plates 914, respectively. In this way, the partition 920 is brought into contact with and closely adhered to the inner surfaces of the box member 910 and the lid plate 930, and thus the airtightness of each reaction chamber 918 can be improved without joining by welding or the like.

Further, the folded ridge on one side of the separator 920 may be joined to the top plate 912 by welding or the like, or the folded ridge on the other side of the separator 920 may be joined to the cover plate 930 by welding or the like. The both edges of the wave shape of the spacer 920 may be joined to the side plates 916, 916 by welding or the like, or the partition portions 922, 922 on both sides of the spacer 920 may be joined to the side plates 914, respectively, by welding or the like. In this way, since the reaction chambers 918 are joined by welding or the like, the airtightness of each reaction chamber 918 can be further improved, and the rigidity of the reactor 900 can be also improved.

In the plurality of reaction chambers 918, …, an introduction port 932 is formed in the cover plate 930, and leads into the reaction chamber 918 between the first partition 922 at one end and the second partition 924 connected thereto; a discharge port 934 is formed in the cover plate 930, and opens into the reaction chamber 918 between the second partition 924 connected to the first partition 922 at the other end and the first partition 922 connected to the other end on the opposite side.

In addition, a rectangular connection opening 926 is formed, for example, next to the side plate 916 on one side of each of the first partition portions 922 except the first partition portions 922 and 922 on both sides. Further, a rectangular connection port 928, for example, is formed next to the side plate 916 on the other side of each second partition 924 except the second partition 924 facing the reaction chamber 918 leading to the discharge port 934. Thereby, the reaction chamber 918 communicating with the introduction port 932 is led to another adjacent reaction chamber 918 via the connection port 928 formed in the second partition 924; the reaction chamber 918 communicating with the discharge port 934 is opened to another adjacent reaction chamber 918 via a connection port 926 formed in the first partition 922; the other reaction chambers 918 are connected to the adjacent 2 reaction chambers 918 through the connection ports 926 and 928. In this way, the hollow space formed by the box member 910 and the cover 930 is designed in a flow path shape leading from the inlet 932 to the outlet 934, and the flow path is formed in a zigzag shape.

In the reactor 900, when a reactant is introduced into the introduction port 932 by a pump or the like, the reactant flows through the spaces 918, and … in this order. As the reactants flow through the spaces 918, …, products are generated from the reactants. Then, the product is discharged outward from the discharge port 934. Within each space 918, the reactants flow from side 916 to side 916 or vice versa.

Depending on the application of the reactor 900, a heater (for example, a heating wire, a burner, or the like) may be provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 910 and the cover 930, a catalyst may be supported on the partition 920, or a catalyst may be supported on the inner surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 910 and the cover 930.

For example, when the reactor 900 is used as a vaporizer, a heating wire or a burner is provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 910 and the cover plate 930, and thus, the liquid serving as the reactant is heated and vaporized while flowing from the inlet 932 to the outlet 934. Thereby, the gas as a product flows out from the discharge port 934.

When the reactor 900 is used as a reformer, a heating wire or a burner is provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 910 and the lid plate 930, and a reforming catalyst (for example, a Cu/ZnO-based catalyst or a Pd/ZnO-based catalyst) is supported on the surface of the separator 920. In this way, while the mixed gas of the fuel and water (for example, the mixed gas of methanol and water) as the reactant flows from the inlet 932 to the outlet 934, hydrogen gas or the like can be generated from the mixed gas by the reforming catalyst. Thereby, the mixed gas containing hydrogen gas or the like flows out from the discharge port 934 as a product.

When the reactor 900 is used as a carbon monoxide remover, a heating wire or a burner is provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box member 910 and the cover plate 930, and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the surface of the partition 920. Thus, while the mixed gas of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and carbon monoxide gas as the reactant flows from the introduction port 932 to the discharge port 934, the carbon monoxide gas can be selectively oxidized by the carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst. Thereby, the gas from which the carbon monoxide gas has been removed flows out from the discharge port 934 as a product.

When the reactor 900 is used as a burner, a combustion catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the surface of the separator 920. Thus, the hydrogen gas can be combusted while the mixed gas of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas as the reactant flows from the inlet 932 to the outlet 934. Thereby, water flows out from the discharge port 934 as a product.

Next, an insulating structure for suppressing heat loss of the reaction vessel 900 will be described.

Fig. 58 is a perspective side view of a state in which an insulating package is provided in the reactor of the present embodiment.

The heat insulating package 940 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel or ceramic, and the box member 910 and the lid plate 930 are housed in the heat insulating package 940. At this time, 2 pipes 942 and 944 penetrate the wall surface of the heat insulating package 940, and in the heat insulating package 940, the end of one pipe 942 is connected to the inlet port 932, and the end of the other pipe 944 is connected to the outlet port 934. Here, the box member 910 and the lid plate 930 are supported by the 2 pipes 942 and 944, and when the box member 910 and the lid plate 930 are separated from the inner surface of the heat insulating package 940, heat conduction directly from the box member 910 and the lid plate 930 to the heat insulating package 940 can be suppressed, and heat insulation can be further improved. Further, the inside of the heat insulating package 940 is evacuated to make the internal space a vacuum pressure, thereby forming a vacuum heat insulating structure. When the inside of the heat insulating package 940 is at a vacuum pressure, the reaction vessel formed by the box member 910 and the lid 930 is subjected to a stress in the expansion direction. However, when the spacer 920 is joined to the box-shaped member 910 and the cover 930, the box-shaped member 910 and the cover 930 can be reinforced, and thus the reaction vessel can be prevented from being deformed by stress.

Further, although the inlet 932 and the outlet 934 are formed in the cover 930, at least either one of the inlet and the outlet may be formed in the box member 910. When the introduction port is formed in the box-shaped member 910, the introduction port 932 may be provided or not provided in the cover plate 930. When the outlet is formed in the box-shaped member 910, the inlet 932 may be provided or not provided in the cover 930.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the opening of the box-shaped member 910 is closed by the cover plate 930 in a state where the spacer 920 is press-fitted by the cover plate 930, and thereby the spacer 920 is brought into contact with and closely adhered to the inner surfaces of the box-shaped member 910 and the cover plate 930, and therefore, the airtightness of each reaction chamber 918 can be improved. Further, the partition 920 is joined to the inner surfaces of the box-shaped member 910 and the cover 930 by welding or the like, thereby reinforcing the reaction vessel constituted by the box-shaped member 910 and the cover 930, and improving the rigidity of the reactor 900. Further, since the space in the box-shaped member 910 is partitioned into the reaction chambers 918, and … by the partition plate 920 and the respective reaction chambers 918, and … are communicated with each other, a zigzag flow path is formed, and therefore, the structure of the reactor 900 can be simplified and the assembly of the reactor 900 can be facilitated.

(embodiment 9)

Next, the reaction apparatus of the present invention in embodiment 9 will be described.

FIG. 59 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor in the 9 th embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention, as viewed obliquely from above.

Fig. 60A and 60B are a top view and a side view of the reactor of the present embodiment.

Fig. 61 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of fig. 60A.

Fig. 62 is a view in elevation IX-IX of fig. 60A.

The reactor 1000 includes: a box-shaped member 1010 having an opening on one surface thereof, a partition plate 1050 which is housed in the box-shaped member 1010 and partitions a space in the box-shaped member 1010 into a bottom space and an opening side space, a cover plate 1030 which closes the opening of the box-shaped member 1010, a partition plate 1020 which is housed in the bottom space of 2 spaces partitioned by the partition plate 1050, and a partition plate 1040 which is housed in the opening side space.

The box-shaped member 1010, the partition plate 1020, the cover plate 1030, the partition plate 1040, and the cover plate 1030 may be made of a metal material such as stainless steel, a ceramic material, a glass material, or a resin material.

The box-shaped member 1010 includes a top plate 1012, a pair of side plates 1014, and a pair of side plates 1016, as in the box-shaped member 910 according to embodiment 8.

In order to make the cover plate 1030 parallel to the top plate 1012, the edge of the cover plate 1030 is joined to the lower edges of the side plates 1014, 1016, thereby constituting a hollow closed parallelepiped reaction vessel. The partition panel 1050 is housed in the box-shaped member 1010 in parallel with the cover panel 1030 and the top panel 1012, and the entire edge of the partition panel 1050 is in contact with, preferably joined to, the upper and lower midportions of the side panels 1014, 1016.

The partition 1020 has a corrugated plate-like shape having a triangular wavy sprawl fold, similarly to the partition 920 of the 8 th embodiment. That is, the partition plate 1020 is formed by alternately folding back the strip-shaped plates, and the connection portion between the first partition part 1022 and the second partition part 1024 of the partition plate 1020 is a folding back ridge line. The partition 1040 has a corrugated plate-like shape having a triangular wave shape similarly to the partition 920 according to embodiment 8, and the connection portion between the first partition 1042 and the second partition 1044 of the partition 1040 is a folded ridge.

The number of turns of the partition plate 1020 and the partition plate 1040 is equal, and the wavelength and the wave height of the triangular wave are equal.

The partition plate 1020 is housed in the space between the partition plate 1050 and the top plate 1012 so that the wave height direction of the partition plate 1020 is parallel to both the side plate 1014 and the side plate 1016, and the folded ridge line of one side of the partition plate 1020 is brought into line contact with the top plate 1012 of the box-shaped member 1010. The partition plate 1050 is fitted into the middle belly portion of the box-shaped member 1010, and the other folded ridge of the partition plate 1020 is brought into line contact with the partition plate 1050, and the partition plate 1020 is pressed into the partition plate 1050. This causes the first and second partitions 1022, 1024 to be bent.

In this way, the partition plate 1020 is accommodated in the space between the top plate 1012 and the partition plate 1050 in the box-shaped member 1010, and the space is divided into the plurality of reaction chambers 1018, … by the partition plate 1020.

Thus, the partition 1020 is pressed into the space between the top plate 1020 and the partition 1050 in the box-shaped member 1010. Since the first and second partition parts 1022, 1024 are bent, the folded ridge of the partition plate 1020 can be brought into strong contact with the top plate 1012 and the partition plate 1050 by the reactive stress of the first and second partition parts 1022, 1024. Both edges of the wave shape of the diaphragm 1020 are in contact with the side plates 1016 and 1016, respectively, and the partitions 1022 and 1022 on both sides of the diaphragm 1020 are in surface contact with the side plates 1014 and 1014, respectively.

Partition plate 1040 is housed in the space between partition plate 1050 and cover plate 1030 so that the wave height direction of partition plate 1040 is parallel to side plate 1014 and side plate 1016, and the folded ridge line on one side of partition plate 1040 is in line contact with partition plate 1050. Further, the other folded ridge of the partition 1040 is brought into line contact with the cover plate 1030, the partition 1040 is pressed into the cover plate 1030, and the opening of the box-shaped member 1010 is closed by the cover plate 1030. This causes the first and second partitions 1022, 1024 to be bent.

The partition 1040 is accommodated in a space between the cover plate 1030 and the partition 1050 in the box-shaped member 1010, and the space is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers 1019, … by the partition 1040. The lower partition 1040 overlaps the upper partition 1020 with the partition 1050 interposed therebetween, and separates the upper reaction chamber 1018 from the lower reaction chamber 1019 by the partition 1050.

Thus, the spacer 1040 is pressed into the space between the partition panel 1050 and the cover panel 1030 in the box-shaped member 1010. Since the first and second partition parts 1022, 1024 are bent, the folded ridge of the partition plate 1040 can be brought into strong contact with the partition plate 1050 and the cover plate 1030 by the reactive stress of the first and second partition parts 1022, 1024. The both edges of the wave shape of the diaphragm 1040 are in contact with the side plates 1016 and 1016, respectively, and the partitions 1042 and 1042 on both sides of the diaphragm 1040 are in surface contact with the side plates 1014 and 1014, respectively. In this way, the separators 1020 and 1040 are brought into contact with the inner surfaces of the box-shaped member 1010 and the lid plate 1030 and the partition plate 1050 to be in close contact therewith, whereby the airtightness of the reaction chambers 918 and 919 can be improved.

The folded ridge of the partition plate 1020 may be joined to the top plate 1012 and the partition plate 1050 by welding or the like, both edges of the wave shape of the partition plate 1020 may be joined to the side plates 1016 and 1016 by welding or the like, and the partition parts 1022 and 1022 on both sides of the partition plate 1020 may be joined to the side plates 1014 and 1014 by welding or the like. The folded ridge of the diaphragm 1040 may be joined to the partition plate 1050 and the cover plate 1030 by welding or the like, both edges of the diaphragm 1040 having a wave shape may be joined to the side plates 1016 and 1016 by welding or the like, and the partition portions 1042 and 1042 on both sides of the diaphragm 1040 may be joined to the side plates 1014 and 1014 by welding or the like. In this way, joining by welding or the like can further improve the airtightness of the reaction chambers 918 and 919, and can also improve the rigidity of the reactor 1000.

A first connection port 10106 is formed in the first partition 1022 of the partition 1020, and the adjacent reaction chambers 1018, 1018 are connected through a connection port 1026. A first connection port 1028 is formed in the second partition 1024 of the partition 1020, and the adjacent reaction chambers 1018, 1018 are communicated with each other through the connection port 1028. In the partition 1040, the second connection port 1046 is also formed in the first partition 1042, the second connection port 1048 is formed in the second partition 1044, and the adjacent reaction chambers 1019, 1019 communicate with each other through the connection port 1026 or 1028.

A plurality of third connection ports 1052, 1052 and … are formed in the partition plate 1050, and the reaction chambers 1018 and 1019 adjacent to each other in the upper and lower direction communicate with each other through the connection ports 1052. These reaction chambers 1018, … and reaction chambers 1019, 1019 … form a predetermined series of zigzag flow paths through the connecting ports 1026, 1028, 1046, 1048, 1052.

An inlet 1032 that opens into any of the plurality of reaction chambers 1019, … is formed in the cover plate 930, and an outlet 1034 that opens into the other reaction chamber 1019 is formed in the cover plate 1030.

In the reactor 1000, when a reactant is introduced into the inlet 1032 by a pump or the like, the reactant flows through the reaction chambers 1018, … and the reaction chambers 1019, …. As the reactants flow through reaction chambers 1018, … and reaction chambers 1019, …, products are produced from the reactants. Then, the resultant is discharged from the discharge port 1034. Within each reaction chamber 1018, 1019, the reactants flow from one side plate 1016 to the other side plate 1016.

In this reactor 1000, similarly to the reactor 900 of embodiment 8, depending on the application, a heater may be provided on the outer surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 1010 and the cover plate 1030, a catalyst may be supported on the partition plates 1020 and 1040, a catalyst may be supported on the inner surface of at least one of the box-shaped member 1010 and the cover plate 1030, or a catalyst may be supported on the partition plate 1050.

Further, as in the case of the reactor 900, by housing the box-shaped member 1010 and the lid plate 1030 in an insulated package (insulated container) having a vacuum pressure inside, heat loss of the reactor 1000 can be suppressed. Even in this case, the reaction vessel formed of the box-shaped member 1010 and the lid plate 1030 is subjected to stress in the expansion direction, and in the present embodiment, the box-shaped member 1010 and the base plate 1030 are reinforced by joining the partition plates 1020 and 1040 and the partition plate 1050, so that the rigidity of the reaction vessel of the reactor 1000 can be increased, and deformation due to stress can be prevented. Further, 1 of the 2 tubes penetrating the heat insulating package is connected to the inlet port 1032, the other is connected to the outlet port 1034, the box-shaped member 1010 and the lid plate 1030 are supported by the 2 tubes, and the box-shaped member 1010 and the lid plate 1030 are separated from the inner surface of the heat insulating package, so that direct heat conduction to the heat insulating package is suppressed, and heat insulating properties are improved.

Further, although the inlet 1032 and the outlet 1034 are formed in the cover plate 1030, at least one of the inlet and the outlet may be formed in the box-shaped member 1010. When the box-shaped member 1010 is provided with an inlet, the cover 1030 may have the inlet 1032 or may not have the inlet 1032. When the outlet is formed in the box-shaped member 1010, the cover plate 1030 may have the inlet 1032 or may not have the inlet 1032.

Further, although the box-shaped member 1010 is configured to accommodate one partition plate 1050, a plurality of partition plates parallel to the cover plate 1030 and the top plate 1012 may be accommodated in the box-shaped member 1010 to partition the space in the box-shaped member 1010. In this case, among the plurality of spaces formed in the box-shaped member 1010 by the plurality of partition plates, the partition plate is housed in the space closest to the bottom of the box-shaped member 1010 in the same manner as the partition plate 1020, the partition plate is housed in the space closest to the lid plate 1030 in the same manner as the partition plate 1040, and the partition plate is housed in the space sandwiched between the two partition plates in a state of being sandwiched between the two partition plates.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the space inside the box-shaped member 1010 is partitioned by the partition plate 1050 in the state where the partition plate 1020 is press-fitted through the partition plate 1050, and the opening of the box-shaped member 1010 is closed in the state where the partition plate 1040 is press-fitted through the lid plate 1030, whereby the partition plates 1020 and 1040 are brought into contact with the inner surfaces of the box-shaped member 1010 and the lid plate 1030 and the partition plate 1050 to be in close contact with each other, and therefore, the airtightness of the reaction chambers 918 and 919 can be improved. Further, since the partition plates 1020 and 1040 are joined to the inner surfaces of the box-shaped member 1010 and the lid plate 1030 and the partition plate 1050 by welding or the like, the reaction vessel formed by the box-shaped member 1010 and the lid plate 1030 is reinforced, and the rigidity of the reactor 1000 can be improved. Further, since the space in the box-shaped member 1010 is partitioned into the reaction chambers 1018, …, the reaction chambers 1019, … by the partitions 1020, 1040 and the partition plate 1050, and the zigzag flow path is formed by allowing the reaction chambers 1018, … and the reaction chambers 1019, … to communicate with each other, the structure of the reactor 1000 can be simplified, and the assembly of the reactor 1000 can be facilitated.

(embodiment 10)

Next, a 10 th embodiment of the reaction apparatus of the present invention will be described. Note that the same or equivalent structures as those of the above embodiments are denoted by the same or equivalent reference numerals, and the description thereof is simplified or omitted.

FIG. 63 is a side view of a microreactor assembly of the 10 th embodiment of a reaction device of the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a schematic side view of the microreactor assembly of the present embodiment as functionally divided.

As shown in fig. 63 and 64, the microreactor module 600 includes a supply/discharge unit 602, a high-temperature reaction unit 604 (1 st reaction unit) for causing a reforming reaction, a low-temperature reaction unit 606 (2 nd reaction unit) for causing a selective oxidation reaction, and a connecting unit 608 for transporting a reactant and a product between the high-temperature reaction unit 604 and the low-temperature reaction unit 606.

The supply/discharge unit 602 is mainly provided with a vaporizer 610 and a first combustor 612. Air and gaseous fuel are supplied into the first combustor 612 independently or in the form of mixed gas, respectively, and heat is generated by means of their catalytic combustion. Water and liquid fuel are supplied from the fuel container to the vaporizer 610 independently or in a mixed state, and are vaporized by combustion heat of the first burner 612.

The high-temperature reaction section 604 is mainly provided with the second combustor 614 and the reformer 900B provided in the second combustor 614. Air and a gaseous fuel (e.g., hydrogen gas, methanol gas, etc.) are supplied into the second combustor 614 individually or in the form of a mixed gas, and heat is generated by means of catalytic combustion thereof.

The mixed gas (1 st reactant) in which water and liquid fuel have been vaporized is supplied from the vaporizer 610 to the reformer 900B, and the reformer 900B is heated by the second combustor 614. In the reformer 900B, hydrogen gas and the like (1 st product) are generated from the water vapor and the vaporized liquid fuel by a catalytic reaction, and a slight amount of carbon monoxide gas is also generated. When the fuel is methanol, chemical reactions such as the above chemical formulas (1) and (2) are caused.

The low-temperature reaction section 606 is mainly provided with a carbon monoxide remover 1000B. The carbon monoxide remover 1000B is heated by the first burner 612, and a mixed gas (the 2 nd reactant) including hydrogen gas and a slight amount of carbon monoxide gas or the like generated by the chemical reaction in (2) above is supplied from the reformer 900B, and air is also supplied. In the carbon monoxide remover 1000B, carbon monoxide in the mixed gas is selectively oxidized, thereby removing carbon monoxide. A mixed gas (2 nd product: hydrogen gas) from which carbon monoxide has been removed is supplied to a fuel electrode of a fuel cell.

Next, a specific structure of the microreactor module 600 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 63 and 65 to 67.

Fig. 65 is an exploded perspective view of the microreactor assembly 600 of the present embodiment.

FIG. 66 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 63.

FIG. 67 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV of FIG. 63.

As shown in fig. 63, 65, and 66, the supply and discharge portion 602 includes: liquid fuel introduction pipe 622; a burner plate 624 provided at the upper end of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 so as to surround the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622; 5 tubes 626, 628, 630, 632, 634, which are arranged around the liquid fuel inlet pipe 622.

For example, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is made of a tubular metal material such as stainless steel, and the liquid absorbing material 623 is filled in the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622. The liquid absorbent material 623 is a material that absorbs liquid, and the liquid absorbent material 623 includes, for example: a material formed by fixing inorganic fibers or organic fibers with a binder, a material formed by sintering inorganic powder, a material formed by fixing inorganic powder with a binder, a mixture of graphite and glassy carbon, and the like. Specifically, a felt material, a ceramic porous material, a fiber material, a carbon porous material, or the like may be used as the liquid absorbing material 623.

For example, the pipes 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 are made of tubular metal material such as stainless steel.

For example, the burner plate 624 is also made of a plate-like metal material such as stainless steel. A through hole is formed in the center of the burner plate 624, and a liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is fitted into the through hole, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the burner plate 624 are joined together. Here, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is joined to the burner plate 624 by brazing, for example. The brazing material has a melting point higher than the highest temperature among the temperatures of the fluid flowing through the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the burner plate 624, and particularly, a gold brazing material having a melting point of 700 degrees or higher and containing silver, copper, zinc, and cadmium in gold, a brazing material containing gold, silver, zinc, and nickel as main components, or a brazing material containing gold, palladium, and silver as main components is preferable. In addition, a partition wall is provided on one surface of the combustor plate 624 in such a manner as to protrude therefrom. A part of the partition wall is provided over the entire outer edge of the combustor plate 624, and the other part is provided over the radial direction, and the combustor plate 624 is joined to the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction part 606, whereby a combustion flow path 625 is formed on the joint surface, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is surrounded by the combustion flow path 625. A combustion catalyst for combusting the combustion mixture is supported on the wall surface of the combustion flow path 625. The combustion catalyst may be, for example, platinum. Further, the liquid absorbing material 623 inside the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is filled to the position of the burner plate 624.

As shown in fig. 63 and 65, the high-temperature reaction portion 604, the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608 have the insulating plate 640 and the base plate 642, which are stacked, as a common base. Therefore, the insulating plate 640 serves as a common bottom surface for the high-temperature reaction part 604, the low-temperature reaction part 606, and the coupling part 608, and the bottom surface of the coupling part 608 is flush with the bottom surface of the high-temperature reaction part 604 and also flush with the bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction part 606.

The base plate 642 includes: base portion 652 serving as a base of low-temperature reaction portion 606, base portion 654 serving as a base of high-temperature reaction portion 604, and coupling base portion 656 serving as a base of coupling portion 608. The base portion 652, the base portion 654, and the coupling base portion 656 are integrally formed, and the coupling base portion 656 is designed to be tapered. The base plate 642 is made of a plate-like metal material such as stainless steel.

The insulating plate 640 includes: a base portion 662 that becomes a base of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, a base portion 664 that becomes a base of the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and a coupling base portion 666 that becomes a base of the coupling portion 608. The insulating plate 640 is formed by integrally forming a base portion 662, a base portion 664, and a coupling base portion 666, and is designed to be tapered at the coupling base portion 666. The insulating plate 640 is made of an electrical insulator such as ceramic, for example.

As shown in fig. 65 and 67, in a state where the insulating plate 640 is joined to the base plate 642, the through holes 671 to 678 penetrate the base portion 652 of the base plate 642 and the base portion 662 of the insulating plate 640.

As shown in fig. 63 and 65, the base portion 662 of the insulating plate 640 serves as the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 are joined to the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 by brazing or the like. Here, the pipe 626 leads to a through hole 671, the pipe 628 leads to a through hole 672, the pipe 630 leads to a through hole 673, the pipe 632 leads to a through hole 674, the pipe 634 leads to a through hole 675, and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 leads to a through hole 678.

As shown in fig. 63, 65, and 67, the combustor plate 624 is joined to the lower bottom surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and one end of the combustion flow path 625 of the combustor plate 624 leads to the through hole 676, and the other end of the combustion flow path 625 leads to the through hole 677.

As shown in fig. 67, the base plate 642 has: reformed fuel supply passage 702, communication passage 704, air supply passage 706, mixing chamber 708, combustion fuel supply passage 710, combustion chamber 712, exhaust passage 714, combustion fuel supply passage 716, and exhaust chamber 718.

The reformed fuel supply passage 702 is formed such that: from the through hole 678, it passes through the coupling base portion 656 and reaches the corner of the base portion 654. The mixing chamber 708 is formed in a square shape on the base portion 652. The communication flow path 704 is formed as: from the corner of the base part 654, the mixture reaches the mixing chamber 708 through the coupling base part 656. The air supply flow path 706 is formed as: from the through bore 675 to the mixing chamber 708.

The combustion chamber 712 is formed in a C-shape at the center of the base portion 654. A combustion catalyst for combusting the combustion mixture is supported on the wall surface of the combustion chamber 712.

The combustion fuel supply flow path 710 is formed such that: the combustion chamber 712 is reached from the through hole 672 through the coupling base 656. The exhaust gas flow path 714 is formed as: from the through-holes 677 to the through-holes 673, and from the combustion chamber 712 to the through-holes 673 through the coupling base 656. The combustion fuel supply passage 716 is formed in the base portion 652: from through hole 674 to through hole 676. The exhaust chamber 718 is formed in a rectangular shape on the base portion 652, and communicates with the through hole 671 at a corner portion of the exhaust chamber 718.

As shown in fig. 63, a carbon monoxide remover 1000B is provided on the base portion 652. This carbon monoxide remover 1000B employs the reactor 1000 of embodiment 9, and the carbon monoxide remover 1000B is designed to be the same as the reactor 1000 shown in fig. 59 to 62. Note that the same reference numerals are given to corresponding portions between the carbon monoxide remover 1000B and the reactor 1000, and the description of the corresponding portions is omitted.

As shown in fig. 63 and 65, the cover 1030 of the carbon monoxide remover 1000B is joined to the upper surface of the base 652. The cover plate 1030 covers a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, a part of the communication passage 704, the air supply passage 706, the mixing chamber 708, the combustion fuel supply passage 716, and the exhaust chamber 718. Inlet port 1032 formed in cover plate 1030 is positioned above corner 709 of mixing chamber 708 and outlet port 1034 formed in cover plate 1030 is positioned above corner 719 of exhaust chamber 718.

In this carbon monoxide remover 1000B, a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (for example, platinum) is supported on the inner surfaces of the box-shaped member 1010 and the lid plate 1030, the partition plate 1020, the partition plate 1040, and the partition plate 1050.

Next, as shown in fig. 63, a reformer 900B is provided on the base portion 654. The reformer 900B is applied to the reactor 900 according to embodiment 8, and the reformer 900B is installed in the same manner as the reactor 900 shown in fig. 54 to 57. Note that the same reference numerals are given to corresponding portions between the reformer 900B and the reactor 900, and the description of the corresponding portions is omitted.

As shown in fig. 63 and 65, the cover 930 of the reformer 900B is joined to the upper surface of the base 654. The cover plate 930 covers a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, a part of the communication passage 704, and the combustion chamber 712. The inlet 932 formed in the cover 930 is positioned above the end 703 of the reformed fuel supply flow passage 702, and the outlet 934 formed in the cover 930 is positioned above the end 705 of the communication flow passage 704.

In the reformer 900B, a reforming catalyst (for example, Cu/ZnO-based catalyst or Pd/ZnO-based catalyst) is supported on the inner surfaces of the box member 910 and the lid plate 930 and the separator 920.

As shown in fig. 65, the cover plate 930 of the reformer 900B and the cover plate 1030 of the carbon monoxide remover 1000B are integrally formed while being coupled by the coupling cover 680. The plate material 690, which integrates the cover plate 930, the cover plate 1030, and the coupling cover 680, is designed to be tapered at the coupling cover 680. The plate member 690 is joined to the base plate 642, and the coupling cover 680 of the plate member 690 is joined to the coupling base 656 of the base plate 642, thereby constituting the coupling portion 608. In the connection portion 608, a part of the reformed fuel supply passage 702, a part of the exhaust passage 714, a part of the combustion fuel supply passage 710, and a part of the communication passage 704 are covered with a connection cover 680.

As shown in fig. 63, the coupling portion 608 has, for example, a prismatic shape, the width of the coupling portion 608 is smaller than the width of the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the width of the low temperature reaction portion 606, and the height of the coupling portion 608 is also lower than the height of the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the height of the low temperature reaction portion 606. The connection portion 608 is bridged between the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the connection portion 608 is connected to the high-temperature reaction portion 604 at the center in the width direction of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and to the low-temperature reaction portion 606 at the center in the width direction of the low-temperature reaction portion 606.

As described above, the connection portion 608 is provided with the reformed fuel supply passage 702, the communication passage 704, the combustion fuel supply passage 710, and the exhaust passage 714.

The following describes the path of the flow path provided inside the discharge part 602, the high temperature reaction part 604, the low temperature reaction part 606, and the connection part 608.

Fig. 68 shows a path from the supply of a combustion mixture gas composed of a gas fuel and air to the discharge of water or the like as a product in the microreactor module of the present embodiment.

Fig. 69 shows a path from the supply of the liquid fuel and water to the discharge of the hydrogen gas as a product in the microreactor module according to the present embodiment.

Here, the correspondence relationship between fig. 68, 69, and 64 will be described, in which the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 corresponds to the vaporizer 610, the combustion flow path 625 corresponds to the first combustor 612, and the combustion chamber 712 corresponds to the second combustor 712.

As shown in fig. 65, the heating wire 720 is arranged in a meandering pattern on the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606, that is, on the lower surface of the insulating plate 640, and the heating wire 722 is arranged in a meandering pattern on the lower surfaces thereof from the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to the high-temperature reaction portion 604 through the connection portion 608. Heating wires 724 are arranged from the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to the side surface of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 through the surface of the burner plate 624. Here, an insulating film such as silicon nitride or silicon oxide is formed on the side surface of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the surface of the burner plate 624, and the heating wire 724 is formed on the surface of the insulating film. By arranging the heating wires 720, 722, 724 on the insulating film or insulating plate 640, the voltage to be applied is not applied to the base plate 642 made of a metal material, the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622, the burner plate 624, and the like, and the heat generation efficiency of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 can be improved.

The heating wires 720, 722, 724 are laminated in this order from the insulating film or the insulating plate 640, i.e., a diffusion preventing layer and a heat generating layer. The heat generating layer is a material (e.g., Au) having the lowest resistivity among the 3 layers, and when a voltage is applied to the heating wires 720, 722, and 724, a current flows intensively to generate heat. The diffusion preventing layer is a material in which a material of the heat generating layer is hard to thermally diffuse into the diffusion preventing layer and a material of the diffusion preventing layer is hard to thermally diffuse into the heat generating layer even if the heating wires 720, 722, 724 generate heat, and a material having a high melting point and low reactivity (for example, W) is preferably used for the diffusion preventing layer. In the case where the diffusion preventing layer has low adhesiveness to the insulating film and is easily peeled off, an adhesive layer may be further provided between the insulating film and the diffusion preventing layer, and the adhesive layer may be made of a material (for example, Ta, Mo, Ti, or Cr) having excellent adhesiveness to both the diffusion preventing layer and the insulating film or the insulating plate 640. The heating wire 720 heats the low temperature reaction part 606 at the time of activation, the heating wire 722 heats the high temperature reaction part 604 and the connection part 608 at the time of activation, and the heating wire 724 heats the vaporizer 610 and the first burner 612 which are supplied to the discharge part 602. Thereafter, when the second combustor 614 is combusted by the exhaust gas containing hydrogen from the fuel cell, the heating wire 722 heats the high-temperature reaction part 604 and the connection part 608 as an aid of the second combustor 612. Similarly, when the first combustor 612 is combusted by the exhaust gas containing hydrogen from the fuel cell, the heating wire 720 heats the low-temperature reaction part 606 as an auxiliary of the first combustor 612.

Since the resistances of the heating wires 720, 722, and 724 change with a change in temperature, they function as temperature sensors that read a change in temperature in response to a change in resistance. Specifically, the temperature of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 is proportional to the resistance.

The ends of the heating wires 720, 722, 724 are located below the low-temperature reaction part 606, and the ends are arranged in such a manner as to surround the burner plate 624. Lead wires 731 and 732 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 720, lead wires 733 and 734 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 722, and lead wires 735 and 736 are connected to both ends of the heating wire 724. In fig. 63, the heating wires 720, 722, 724 and the leads 731 to 736 are not shown for easy viewing of the drawing.

As shown in fig. 65, an adsorbent 728 may be provided on the surface of the connection section 608. A heater such as an electrothermal material is provided in the adsorbent 728, and lead wires 737 and 738 are connected to the adsorbent 728, respectively. The adsorbent 728 is activated by heating, has an adsorbing action, and adsorbs a gas remaining in the internal space of the heat insulating package 791, a gas leaking from the microreactor assembly 600 into the internal space of the heat insulating package 791, and a gas entering from the outside into the heat insulating package 791, which will be described later, thereby suppressing a decrease in the heat insulating effect due to a deterioration in the degree of vacuum in the internal space of the heat insulating package 791. Examples of the material of the adsorbent 728 include alloys containing zirconium, barium, titanium, or vanadium as a main component. In fig. 63, the lead lines 737 and 738 are omitted for the convenience of viewing the drawings.

In the microreactor assembly 600 of the present embodiment, in order to suppress heat loss, the entire microreactor assembly 600 may be covered with an insulating package 791 (insulating container) as in the case of the above-described embodiment 2. The structure in this case is the same as that in embodiment 2, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.

Since the operation of the micro-reactor module 600 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the micro-reactor module 600 of embodiment 2, the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the partition 920 is accommodated in the box-shaped member 910 in a state of being press-fitted by the cover plate 930, the space in the box-shaped member 910 is partitioned into a plurality of reaction chambers by the partition 920, and the respective reaction chambers are communicated with each other, thereby forming the zigzag flow path, so that the structure of the reformer 900B can be designed into a simple shape, and the assembly of the reformer 900B is facilitated. In addition, the carbon monoxide remover 1000B can also be designed to have a simple shape in its structure and can be easily assembled.

The reactor vessel of the reformer 900B in the high-temperature reaction section 604 can be reinforced by joining the separators 920 and can be enhanced in rigidity, and the reactor vessel of the carbon monoxide remover 1000B in the low-temperature reaction section 606 can be reinforced by the separators 1020 and 1040.

The internal space of the heat insulating package 791 is an insulating space, the high temperature reaction portion 604 is separated from the low temperature reaction portion 606, and the distance from the high temperature reaction portion 604 to the low temperature reaction portion 606 corresponds to the length of the connection portion 608. Therefore, the path of heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction part 604 to the low-temperature reaction part 606 is limited to the connection part 608, and heat transfer to the low-temperature reaction part 606 which does not need to be high in temperature is limited. In particular, since the height and width of the connection portion 608 are smaller than those of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, heat conduction through the connection portion 608 can be significantly suppressed. Therefore, the temperature of the low temperature reaction portion 606 can be suppressed from being raised to the set temperature or higher while the heat loss of the high temperature reaction portion 604 can be suppressed. That is, even when the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606 are accommodated in one heat insulating package 791, a temperature difference can be generated between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606.

Further, since the flow paths 702, 704, 710, and 714 that communicate between the low-temperature reaction part 606 and the high-temperature reaction part 604 are collected in one connection part 608, stress generated in the connection part 608 and the like can be reduced. That is, since there is a temperature difference between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606, the high temperature reaction portion 604 expands further than the low temperature reaction portion 606, but since the high temperature reaction portion 604 becomes a free end except for a connection portion with the connection portion 608, stress generated in the connection portion 608 and the like can be suppressed. In particular, since the height and width of the coupling portion 608 are smaller than those of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, and the coupling portion 608 couples the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606 to each other at the center in the width direction of the high-temperature reaction portion 604 and the low-temperature reaction portion 606, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of stress in the coupling portion 608, the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and the low-temperature reaction portion 606.

The pipe members 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 extend outside the heat insulating package 791, and are all connected to the low temperature reaction portion 606. Therefore, direct heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction portion 604 to the outside of the heat insulating package 791 can be suppressed, and heat loss from the high-temperature reaction portion 604 can be suppressed. Therefore, even when the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606 are accommodated in one heat insulating package 791, a temperature difference can be generated between the high temperature reaction portion 604 and the low temperature reaction portion 606.

Since the lower surface of the connection portion 608, the lower surface of the high-temperature reaction portion 604, and the lower surface of the low-temperature reaction portion 606 are flush with each other, the heating wire 722 can be relatively easily laid, and disconnection of the heating wire 722 can be suppressed.

Further, since the liquid absorbing material 623 is filled in the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is used as the vaporizer 610, the temperature state necessary for vaporizing the mixed liquid (for example, the upper portion of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is 120 ℃) can be formed while the microreactor module 600 is downsized and simplified.

Further, since the burner plate 624 is provided around the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 at the upper end portion of the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 and the liquid absorbing material 623 inside the liquid fuel introduction pipe 622 is filled to the position of the height of the burner plate 624, the combustion heat in the first burner 612 can be efficiently used in the vaporization of the mixed liquid.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For example, although one coupling portion 608 is provided between the low-temperature reaction portion 606 and the high-temperature reaction portion 604, a plurality of coupling portions may be provided between the low-temperature reaction portion 606 and the high-temperature reaction portion 604.

(Power generating Unit)

The following describes a schematic structure of a power generation unit having the microreactor module (reaction apparatus) according to each of the above embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 70 is a perspective view showing an example of a power generation unit having a microreactor module according to each embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 70, the microreactor assembly 600 in each of the above embodiments can be installed in a power generation unit 801 for use. For example, the power generation unit 801 has a structure including: a frame 802; a fuel container 804 that is removable with respect to the frame 802; a flow rate control unit 806 having a flow path, a pump, a flow sensor, a valve, and the like; the microreactor assembly 600 in a state of being housed in the heat insulating package 791; a power generation module 808 having a fuel cell, a humidifier for humidifying the fuel cell, a recoverer for recovering a byproduct generated by the fuel cell, and the like; an air pump 809 for supplying air (oxygen) to the micro-reactor module 600 and the power generation module 808; the power supply unit 811 includes a secondary battery, a DC-DC converter, an external interface for electrically connecting an external device driven by an output of the power generation unit 801, and the like. By supplying the mixed gas of water and liquid fuel in the fuel container 804 to the micro-reactor unit 600 by the flow rate control means 806, a hydrogen rich gas can be generated as described above, the hydrogen rich gas can be supplied to the fuel cell of the power generation module 808, and the generated electricity can be accumulated in the secondary cell of the power supply unit 811.

An example of the structure of an electronic device using the power generating unit 801 as a power source will be described below.

Fig. 71 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of an electronic device using the power generating unit of the present embodiment as a power source.

As shown in fig. 71, the electronic apparatus 851 is a portable electronic apparatus, such as a notebook-type personal computer. The electronic apparatus 851 includes: a lower housing 854 in which an arithmetic processing circuit including a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and other electronic components is built and which is provided with a keyboard 853; and an upper case 858 in which a liquid crystal display 856 is provided. The lower case 854 and the upper case 858 are connected by a hinge, and the upper case 858 is overlapped on the lower case 854 and can be folded in a state where the liquid crystal display 856 faces the keyboard 853. A mounting portion 860 for attaching the power generation unit 801 is formed from the right side surface to the bottom surface of the lower case 854, and when the power generation unit 801 is mounted on the mounting portion 860, the electronic apparatus 851 is operated by the power of the power generation unit 801.

Claims (41)

1. A reactor apparatus having a reactor to which a reactant is supplied to react the reactant, the reactor comprising:

a hollow box-shaped member (11, 410) having a top plate (12) and a bottom plate (17) that are opposed to each other, and side plates (13-16) that connect the sides of the top plate and the sides of the bottom plate;

a partition member (20, 420) which is housed in the box-shaped member, is in contact with at least the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member, and partitions the space in the box-shaped member into a plurality of reaction chambers to which the reactant is supplied; and

and a penetration region (69, 71) provided in the partition member, and passing the reactant through the penetration region so as to open between the adjacent reaction chambers.

2. The reaction device of claim 1, further comprising:

an insulated vessel (140, 440) covering the entire reactor, with the interior space being at a pressure below atmospheric pressure.

3. The reaction apparatus according to claim 1,

the partition member includes: the separator includes a 1 st separator (21) and a plurality of 2 nd separators (41-47) provided in a vertical direction with respect to the 1 st separator and arranged in parallel with each other.

4. The reaction apparatus according to claim 3,

the 1 st separator and the 2 nd separator are joined by any one of welding and brazing.

5. The reaction apparatus according to claim 3,

the 1 st partition is disposed in parallel with the base plate.

6. The reaction apparatus according to claim 3,

forming a cut in at least one of the 1 st separator and the 2 nd separator, and assembling the 1 st separator and the 2 nd separator at a location of the cut.

7. The reaction apparatus according to claim 3,

the edge portions of the 1 st partition plate and the 2 nd partition plate abut at least the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member.

8. The reaction apparatus according to claim 7,

the edge portions of the 1 st partition plate and the 2 nd partition plate are joined to at least the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member by any one of welding and brazing.

9. The reaction apparatus according to claim 3,

a 1 st connection port (69, 73) formed in the 1 st partition plate to lead to the adjacent reaction chambers separated by the 1 st partition plate;

2 nd connection ports (71, 75) are formed in the 2 nd partition plates to connect to the adjacent reaction chambers separated by the 2 nd partition plates;

the 1 st connection port and the 2 nd connection port form the through region.

10. The reaction apparatus according to claim 3,

1 st notches (169, 173) are formed at the end of the 1 st partition plate and open into the reaction chambers adjacent to each other by the partition of the 1 st partition plate;

2 nd notches (171, 175) are formed at the end of each 2 nd partition plate to lead to the adjacent reaction chambers separated by the 2 nd partition plate;

the 1 st notch connection opening and the 2 nd notch form the through region.

11. The reaction apparatus according to claim 1,

the partition member includes at least one 3 rd partition plate (420, 520, 540) having a cross section bent in a rectangular wave shape, the 3 rd partition plate having: the partition plate includes a plurality of folded portions, a plurality of partition portions provided between the folded portions and facing each other, and reinforcing portions provided at both ends of the partition plate.

12. The reaction apparatus according to claim 11,

forming a 1 st through hole (428) that leads to between the reaction chambers adjacent to each other via the partition of each partition portion, on one of the one end side and the other end side of each partition portion of the 3 rd partition plate in the wave height direction of the rectangular wave;

the 1 st through-hole forms the through-region.

13. The reaction apparatus according to claim 11,

the 3 rd partition plate is housed in the box-shaped member so that a wave height direction of the rectangular wave is parallel to a top plate of the box-shaped member.

14. The reaction apparatus according to claim 11,

the reinforcing portion of the 3 rd separator is joined to an inner surface of a side plate of the box-shaped member by any one of welding and brazing.

15. The reaction apparatus according to claim 11,

the folded portion of the 3 rd partition plate is in surface contact with an inner surface of the box-shaped member side plate.

16. The reaction apparatus according to claim 15,

the folded-back portion of the 3 rd partition plate and the inner surface of the box-shaped member side plate are joined by any one of welding and brazing.

17. The reaction apparatus according to claim 11,

an edge portion of the 3 rd partition plate abuts against an inner surface of at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate of the box-shaped member.

18. The reaction apparatus according to claim 17,

the edge portion of the 3 rd separator is joined to the inner surface of at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate of the box-shaped member by any one of welding and brazing.

19. The reaction apparatus according to claim 11,

the partition member includes:

a plurality of the 3 rd separators stacked in alignment in the wave height direction of the rectangular wave, and

and a 1 st partition plate (550) disposed between the 3 rd partition plates stacked.

20. The reaction apparatus of claim 19,

a 2 nd through hole (522) formed in the 1 st partition plate and leading to the adjacent reaction chambers separated by the 1 st partition plate;

the 2 nd through hole forms the through region.

21. The reaction apparatus of claim 19,

the edge of the 1 st partition plate abuts against the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member.

22. The reaction apparatus according to claim 21,

the edge portion of the 1 st partition plate and the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member are joined by any one of welding and brazing.

23. The reaction apparatus according to claim 11,

the partition member further includes:

and a separation plate (850) which is provided in parallel to the wave height direction of the rectangular wave of the 3 rd separator and divides the 3 rd separator in the wave height direction.

24. The reaction apparatus of claim 23,

the 3 rd separator and the separator are joined by any one of welding and brazing.

25. The reaction apparatus of claim 23,

the isolation plate is disposed parallel to a bottom plate of the box member.

26. The reaction apparatus of claim 23,

a1 st notch is formed in the folded portion and the blocking portion of the 3 rd partition plate along the wave height direction of the rectangular wave, and the partition plate is inserted into the 1 st notch.

27. The reaction apparatus of claim 26,

the 1 st notch formed in the 3 rd partition plate is formed at a central position in a direction perpendicular to a wave height direction of the rectangular wave of the 3 rd partition plate.

28. The reaction apparatus of claim 26,

the partition plate is formed with a 2 nd slit corresponding to each partition of the 3 rd partition plate, and a part of each partition is inserted into the 2 nd slit.

29. The reaction apparatus of claim 23,

an edge portion of the partition plate abuts against an inner surface of a side plate of the box-shaped member.

30. The reaction apparatus of claim 29,

the edge portion of the partition plate and the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member are joined by any one of welding and brazing.

31. The reaction apparatus of claim 23,

a 3 rd through hole (852) formed in the partition plate to lead to the reaction chambers adjacent to each other via the partition of the partition plate;

the 1 st through-hole forms the through-region.

32. The reaction apparatus according to claim 1,

the partition member includes a 4 th partition plate (920, 1020, 1040) which is bent in a zigzag shape having a triangular wave-shaped cross section, has a rectangular plate shape, and has a plurality of partition wall portions connected to one side of a ridge portion corresponding to the triangular wave.

33. The reaction apparatus of claim 32,

the 4 th partition plate is housed in the box-shaped member such that a ridge portion of the triangular wave is in contact with an inner surface of at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate of the box-shaped member and at least one of the plurality of partition wall portions is in a curved state.

34. The reaction apparatus of claim 32,

forming 3 rd through holes (926, 1026, 1046) in the partition walls of the 4 th partition wall, the 3 rd through holes leading to the adjacent reaction chambers through the partition of the partition walls;

the 3 rd through hole forms the through region.

35. The reaction apparatus of claim 32,

the partition member includes:

a plurality of the 4 th separators stacked in alignment in the wave height direction of the triangular wave, and

and a 2 nd partition plate (1050) disposed between the stacked 4 th partitions.

36. The reaction apparatus of claim 35,

a 4 th through hole (1052) formed in the 2 nd partition plate and leading to the adjacent reaction chambers separated by the 2 nd partition plate;

the 4 th through hole forms the through region.

37. The reaction apparatus of claim 35,

the edge of the 2 nd partition plate abuts against the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member.

38. The reaction apparatus of claim 37,

the edge portion of the 2 nd partition plate is joined to the inner surface of the side plate of the box-shaped member by any one of welding and brazing.

39. The reaction device of claim 1, comprising: a 1 st reaction part (604) set to a 1 st temperature for reacting the reactant; a 2 nd reaction part (606) set to a 2 nd temperature lower than the 1 st temperature and causing a reaction of a reactant; and a connection part (608) for conveying a reactant and a product between the 1 st reaction part and the 2 nd reaction part; wherein,

at least one of the 1 st reaction part and the 2 nd reaction part is formed to have the reactor.

40. The reaction apparatus of claim 39,

the 1 st reaction part supplies 1 st reactant as the reactant to generate 1 st product;

the 2 nd reaction part supplies the 1 st product as the reactant to generate a 2 nd product;

the 1 st reactant is a mixed gas of vaporized water and a fuel containing a hydrogen atom in composition;

the 1 st reaction part is a reformer for causing a reforming reaction of the 1 st reactant;

the 1 st product contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide;

the 2 nd reaction part is a carbon monoxide remover for selectively oxidizing and removing carbon monoxide contained in the 1 st product.

41. The reaction apparatus according to claim 39, further comprising an insulating container which covers the 1 st reaction part, the 2 nd reaction part, and the entire connecting part and which makes the internal space have a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure.

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