CN1971271A - 交付前药物识别系统 - Google Patents

交付前药物识别系统 Download PDF

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CN1971271A
CN1971271A CNA2006101719506A CN200610171950A CN1971271A CN 1971271 A CN1971271 A CN 1971271A CN A2006101719506 A CNA2006101719506 A CN A2006101719506A CN 200610171950 A CN200610171950 A CN 200610171950A CN 1971271 A CN1971271 A CN 1971271A
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medicine
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CN1971271B (zh
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N·J·桑迪
R·C·沃德
R·P·马金
W·S·萨瑟兰
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General Electric Co
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/172Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic
    • A61M5/1723Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16HHEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H20/00ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
    • G16H20/10ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
    • G16H20/17ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered via infusion or injection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16HHEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H70/00ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical references
    • G16H70/40ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical references relating to drugs, e.g. their side effects or intended usage
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/18General characteristics of the apparatus with alarm
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
    • A61M2205/502User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
    • A61M2205/52General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/60General characteristics of the apparatus with identification means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/65Raman scattering

Abstract

本发明是进行交付前药物识别的系统和方法。该系统和方法在给予药物的地方实施,例如在医院或诊所,以及在药物到达患者前识别要给予患者的药物。在识别后,该系统和方法配置为对照已识别的药物与患者的处方和过敏性反应信息,如果需要,则防止将药物交付到患者。

Description

交付前药物识别系统
技术领域
本发明涉及药物交付领域,更具体地,本发明涉及在将药物给予患者前识别并确认药物剂量的领域。
背景技术
在卫生保健行业中可避免的医学错误正普遍增加。其中最大的问题是药物不良事件或将药物交付给不应该给的患者。
1999年11月的医学协会报告陈述“药物治疗处理提供一个例子,其中执行更好的系统将产生更好的人的工作效率。现在药物治疗的错误频繁在医院发生,而很多医院没有利用已知的系统,也没有主动追求新的安全系统。”
已经在改进的系统中有明显效果,该系统注重过程在例如药物的条形码和射频“标记”。由于这些方法是注重过程的,它们固有地会发生错误,虽然它们比没有这种处理的系统是改进了。只有药物自身的识别才能确保适合的药物交付给患者。
发明内容
本发明是一种在交付前进行药物识别的系统和方法。该系统和方法在给予药物的地方实施,例如在医院或诊所,并且在药物到达患者之前识别给予患者的药物。在识别之后,配置该系统和方法将已识别药物对照患者处方和过敏性反应信息,如果必要,则防止将药物交付给患者。
本发明是一种在交付前进行药物识别的方法,该方法包括:从药物源接收药物样品进入药物识别单元,用药物识别单元识别药物样品,将已识别药物样品对照一组数据库,以使该组数据库被配置为确认已识别药物样品,以及当该组数据库没有确认已识别药物样品时,用交付防止单元防止已识别药物样品给予患者。药物样品对应患者处方,识别步骤进一步包括识别药物样品的成分、浓度和剂量。该组数据库包括但不限于,处方数据库、过敏性反应数据库、以及药物交互作用数据库,而数据库可以位于中心或本地。交付防止单元是下列的任何一种:流量阀或IV线限制器装置,而药物源可以是容积泵、注射泵或手动注入装置,例如但不限于,丸药注射器(bolus syringe)。
一种用于交付前进行药物识别的系统,该系统包括:从药物源接收药物样品进入药物识别单元,其中药物识别单元识别药物样品,一组数据库与药物识别单元耦合,配置成允许药物识别单元将已识别药物样品对照该组数据库,而交付防止单元与药物识别单元耦合,交付防止单元配置成当该组数据库没有确认药物样品时,防止药物样品给予患者。药物样品对应患者处方,而其中药物识别单元配置成识别药物样品的成分、浓度和剂量。该组数据库包括但不限于,处方数据库、过敏性反应数据库、以及药物交互作用数据库,而数据库可以位于中心或本地。交付防止单元包括但不限于下列的任何一种:流量阀或IV线限制器装置,而药物源可以包括但不限于容积泵、注射泵或手动注入装置,例如但不限于,丸药注射器。
附图说明
图1A-图1D是示出本发明系统实施例的方框图。
图2是示出本发明方法实施例的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明是在将药物交付给患者前识别药物的药物识别系统。该识别系统识别化合物和/或浓度,通过接口数据管理系统将识别对照处方、过敏性反应和交互作用数据库,并具有防止交付到患者的手段。一旦确认是适当的药物,就可将该药物化合物交付给患者。该系统在由临床医生给出时记录该化合物。在实际交付之前,系统将使用活栓或其它线夹机构以阻止药物流到患者处。该系统可以或可以不具有发声或另外传输关于药物交付的相对准确的信息的装置。该系统以一种告警或报警方式以通知临床医生潜在的药物不良事件。该系统将保留已测量药物的记录并将允许用于待分析的单线或多线。
本发明主要优点是减少了药物不良事件在医院、门诊部和诊疗中心的发生。该优点还可转换到家用、急诊和流动诊所使用,以及部队使用。因为该系统能够识别浓度和/或药物自身的化合物,它有可能是药物识别最精确的方法。现今可获得的系统依赖于对错误具有各种水平的兼容性和各种水平的倾向性的过程。并且,由于系统是动态的并通过信息系统(例如)链接到药库,它不仅只是检测药物,还可确认药物是否可以交付给患者,其通过将药物与在患者电子医疗记录中发现的处方单以及患者状况、过敏性反应或其它生理信息进行比较来实现的。本发明这种自动阻止药物组交付的能力区别于其它识别系统的。
另外,系统确认药物浓度的能力是很大的优点并且是唯一的。因为识别系统是在线上、也是无创的,系统不浪费任何药物,而它测量要用于患者的特定药物样本。本发明可替换的实施例施行分流结构,其中从药物源来的样本从线上选出并被检测,且不重新进入线上。最后,药物混合物(鸡尾酒)可容易地被识别且被系统拒绝接受。
还应该注意,目前所有药物识别方法都是间接的,这意味着药物本身不被识别。本发明可有效地识别药物。因为该识别系统可检测特定药物特性,它还识别混合物,以此允许对药物鸡尾酒的防止。目前所有药物识别方法没有检测药物浓度的手段。本发明具有这种能力。目前所有方法不能阻止药物不适当的交付。本发明具有自动阻止药物交付的能力,以此防止药物不良事件。本发明可以应用到机械药物交付装配,例如IV交付装置(容积或注射泵)以及丸药交付方法。该检测方法对保留药物纯度的化合物是无创的。
图1A-图1D示出本发明的药物识别系统100。在图1A-图1D中,药物识别系统100包括药物识别单元150,其配置为从药物源110、120、130、140接收给予患者170的药物样本。本发明的多个实施例包括各种药物源,例如容积泵110、注射泵120、140,或手动注入装置130,例如但不限于丸药注射器。应该注意,本发明的任何实施例利用的药物源110、120、130、140可能由医生优先选择、区域标准医务所和/或特定药物或护理的类型来确定的。另外,参照图1B,具体实施例可使用一种以上特定类型的药物源,例如第一注射泵120和第二注射泵140。如本领域公知的,容积泵110和注射泵120、140是用仪表测量药物交付源,而手动注入装置130不是用仪表测量变化的。
仍然参照图1A-图1D,当医生开出给予患者170的处方时,利用前述药物源110、120、130、140中的一个交付药物到患者170。本发明的药物识别系统100打算从药物源110、120、130、140中接收药物样本进入药物识别单元150。药物识别单元150能够从药物源110、120、130、140中检测药物样本并确定药物样本的多个特性。药物识别单元150能够识别药物样本的元素和化合物、药物样本的浓度以及药物样本的剂量。
根据本发明优选实施例,药物识别单元150利用拉曼散射光谱学作为分析和识别给予患者170的药物的技术。拉曼散射光谱学的详细描述在Nelson的美国专利号6,868,344中。进一步预期本发明可替换实施例可以而且将要包括利用其它本领域已知方法的药物识别单元150,或将来的药物识别方法。
药物识别单元150与一组患者数据库180相耦合。药物识别单元150对照该组患者数据库180,以确认由药物源110、120、130、140交付的药物样本对患者170是适合并安全的。该组数据库180包括处方数据库、过敏性反应数据库和交互作用数据库,以使已识别的药物样本可与这些数据库180的每一个对照。当然,作为需要和要求可添加和删减该组患者数据库180中的附加数据库。另外,该数据库可中央地配置在网络结构中,或本地配置到药物识别系统100。实际上,任何本领域已知配置的数据库180可根据特定药物识别系统100的约束来使用。
药物识别单元150将对照已识别的药物样本以确定药物样本是否与由医生所写的处方匹配,而且进一步对照患者170是否对药物样本有过敏性反应,且进一步确定药物样本是否与患者170的其它任何药物相互作用。如前面陈述的,药物识别单元150可配置为不仅识别药物样本的构成,还识别药物样本的浓度和剂量,这样使得药物识别单元150将药物样本精确地与处方匹配。
仍然参照图1A-图1D,本发明的药物识别系统100还包括交付防止单元160。如果药物识别单元150,当将已识别的药物样本对照一组患者数据库180时,不能确认已识别的药物样本给予患者170是适合和/或安全的,那么交付防止单元160将防止药物源110、120、130、140将药物给予患者170。优选地,交付防止单元160是电子控制的流量阀,但还可以是本领域已知的或后期开发的任何IV流限制器。只有当药物识别单元150对照一组患者数据库180,并确认药物样本精确地与处方匹配,且对患者是无害的时,药物识别单元指示交付防止单元160以允许将药物给予患者170。如图1A、1B和1D所示,优选地,交付防止单元160直接与药物识别单元耦合并且可能由药物识别单元实施。其它实施例,例如图1C所示,将包括交付防止单元160与药物识别单元150独立但仍耦合。参照图1D,本发明药物识别系统100还可在一个单元中实现,包括手动注入装置130、药物识别单元150和交付防止单元160。
现参照图2,示出本发明的药物识别方法200。在步骤220,在药物识别单元接收要给予患者的药物210。在步骤230,药物被识别,包括要给予患者的药物210的实际化合物、浓度和药物的剂量。在步骤240,将已识别的药物对照患者数据库250以确定已识别药物是否与由医生所写的处方匹配。在步骤240,已识别的药物还可以对照患者数据库150以确定已识别药物是否会由于过敏性反应和/或与其它药物的相互作用而对患者造成问题。在步骤260,如果已识别的药物不能证实为适合处方或对患者有危险,接着在步骤280,防止已识别的药物给予患者,并且方法200又一次开始步骤220。然而,如果确定已识别的药物适合给予患者,则在步骤270,药物被给予患者。另外,在步骤270,记录已识别药物的给予,以及记录给予药物的时间和人。
已经根据具体实施例描述了本发明,并结合细节很容易地理解本发明的构造和操作的原理。在此参考具体实施例和其详述不是意味限制所附权利要求书的保护范围,对本领域技术人员来说可以对所示实施例进行修改而没有脱离本发明的精神和范围。
部件列表
    元件部分       附图标记       附图号
    药物识别系统       100       图1A-1D
    容积泵       110       图1A和1C
    第一注射泵       120       图1A-1C
    手动注入装置       130       图1A-1D
    第二注射泵       140       图1B
    药物识别单元       150       图1A-1D
    交付防止单元       160       图1A-1D
    患者       170       图1A-1D
    药物识别方法       200       图2
    给予的药物       210       图2
    步骤       220       图2
    步骤       230       图2
    步骤       240       图2
    患者数据库       250       图2
    确认       260       图2
      步骤       270       图2
      患者数据库       180       图1A-1D

Claims (8)

1.一种在交付前进行药物识别的方法,该方法包括:
a)从药物源接收药物样品进入药物识别单元;
b)用药物识别单元识别药物样品;
c)对照已识别药物样品和一组数据库,以使该组数据库被配置为确认已识别药物样品;以及
d)当该组数据库没有确认已识别药物样品时,用交付防止单元防止将已识别药物样品给予患者。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中药物样品对应于患者处方。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中识别步骤进一步包括识别药物样品的成分、浓度和剂量。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述组数据库包括:
a)处方数据库;
b)过敏性反应数据库;以及
c)药物交互作用数据库。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中交付防止单元是下列的任何一种:
a)流量阀;以及
b)IV线限制器装置。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中药物源是容积泵。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中药物源是注射泵。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中药物源是手动注入装置。
CN2006101719506A 2005-06-21 2006-06-21 交付前药物识别系统 Expired - Fee Related CN1971271B (zh)

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US11/157,415 US20060287884A1 (en) 2005-06-21 2005-06-21 Pre-delivery drug identification system

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EP1739585A3 (en) 2008-01-23
DE602006012761D1 (de) 2010-04-22
US20060287884A1 (en) 2006-12-21

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