CN1959371A - Full wave cross-sectional testing system - Google Patents
Full wave cross-sectional testing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1959371A CN1959371A CN 200610021878 CN200610021878A CN1959371A CN 1959371 A CN1959371 A CN 1959371A CN 200610021878 CN200610021878 CN 200610021878 CN 200610021878 A CN200610021878 A CN 200610021878A CN 1959371 A CN1959371 A CN 1959371A
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Abstract
A test system of all-wave section type comprises displacement interferometer, speed interferometer, optical fiber circulator, light beam separator and beam splitter with optical fiber in large core diameter for testing variation course of wave section simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to shock wave physics and detonation physics research field, the stress-strain behavior of various materials under the effect of research shock wave.Be specifically related to a kind of laser interference system, be used for testing shock wave and propagate, unload, reload, cause free face and the fast-changing process of internal particle speed, promptly so-called wave profile change procedure in load sample.
Background technology
In shock wave physics and the detonation physics experimental study, follow shock wave in test specimen, to load, unload and reload process, can cause velocity variations tempestuously in sample interior and surface (being called the free face), at nanosecond order in the time, become the hundreds of metre per second (m/s) to a few km per seconds from stationary state, and show as the acceleration and deceleration process of continuous variation.Testing this process, be called the wave profile measuring technology, be used for understanding the mechanical characteristic of material stress-strain under the shock wave effect, is the main means of the various materials of research performance change under extreme conditions such as High Temperature High Pressure.Not only at military industry field, and in fields such as material science, astrophysics and geophysicses application prospect is arranged all.
Mainly developed two kinds of wave profile measuring technologies before this, promptly laser interferometer displacement tester and laser interference velocity test instrument technology are called for short displacement interference instrument and velocity interferometer.The both has obtained a large amount of achievements, but the both has its limitation.
The principle of displacement interference instrument is with beam of laser (or the internal interface that forms with window adding technology) reflection on the testing sample surface, because of Doppler effect produces frequency displacement, make the light belt that returns interferometer have this machine laser (primary frequency light) in movable information and the instrument to produce the beat interference, output frequency is v
s(t) beat signal:
v
s(t)＝2u(t)/λ
0?…………………………(1)
In the formula, u (t) is a t sample free surface velocity constantly, λ
0It is the original laser wavelength.Beat signal is by opto-electronic conversion-register system (generally being made up of photomultiplier and oscillograph) record.To the sinusoidal undulation number that t records constantly, be called fringe number F (t), and this pass between sample free face displacement S (t) is constantly:
Displacement interference instrument can accurately show micrometric displacement-time relationship.But the signal frequency and the free surface velocity of displacement interference instrument are directly proportional, during speed km per second, frequency reaches the kilo-mega cycles per second magnitude, and opto-electronic conversion-register system is proposed very high requirement, in other words, displacement interference instrument-as only be used for the low situation of free surface velocity.In addition, wave profile represents that with speed-time curve this needs differential (2) formula to obtain.In order to reduce uncertainty, Δ t value can not be too little, this and wave profile test have very big contradiction, because at some sections of wave profile, though speed changes, the duration is extremely short, adopt the differential method performance not come out, perhaps deviation is very big, and therefore, displacement interference instrument tends to lose some variations in detail of wave profile speed.
The principle of velocity interferometer is to reflect at sample surfaces with beam of laser, the laser that has movable information returns interferometer, in instrument, be divided into two bundles, stack interference again behind the operation different time, promptly two light beams have one section relative delay τ, be equivalent to have the different light of movable information constantly and in instrument, produce the beat interference, the signal frequency of output:
To t constantly, the pass of the fringe number F that writes down on the oscillograph (t) and this moment sample velocities is:
Velocity interferometer can be at very big velocity range build-in test wave profile change procedure.But its signal frequency and sample are directly proportional in the velocity variations of τ in the time, and under the shock wave effect, the sample free face can produce very big velocity variations at the utmost point in the short time, and the frequency response of opto-electronic conversion-register system may not catch up with signal frequency and changes.λ for example
0=532nm, the velocity interferometer of total system frequency response 500MHz, sample is limited to 133m/s in the variation of τ in the time.Therefore, velocity interferometer test waves section often has the fringe phenomena of losing, though the available method of adding the integer striped is given answer for change, also can introduce ambiguous solution.
Summary of the invention
Can lose the variations in detail of wave profile and the shortcoming that velocity variations can be lost striped too soon when carrying out section plane test, the invention provides a kind of full wave cross-sectional testing system at existing surveying instrument.Adopt the present invention can obtain wave profile change curve comparatively completely.
A kind of full wave cross-sectional testing system of the present invention is characterized in containing the large core fiber beam splitter, fiber optical circulator and beam separation system, and by them displacement interference instrument, velocity interferometer and test probe couple together and form complete test macro.Test macro can be the 532nm laser of solid state laser output, and the 1550nm infrared laser of fiber laser output is guided tested sample simultaneously into, receive irreflexive from sample, as to have movable information back light (being called flashlight) again and send displacement interference instrument and velocity interferometer back to, obtain wave profile change curve comparatively completely.
A kind of full wave cross-sectional testing system annexation of the present invention is, one of two ports of fiber laser and fiber optical circulator one end are connected, and the fiber optical circulator other end is connected with large core fiber beam splitter one end.After the solid state laser output beam process beam separation system, enter optical fiber, be connected with the large core fiber beam splitter, the large core fiber beam splitter other end is connected with the optical fiber that is transferred to experimental section, and through probe two kinds of laser is guided into tested sample.Echoed signal light is sent into displacement interference instrument and velocity interferometer respectively by two ports of large core fiber beam splitter again.
A kind of full wave cross-sectional testing system of the present invention adopts the fiber optical circulator with light buffer action.Enter by one of two-port of fiber optical circulator one end from the laser of fiber laser, other end output, and the flashlight that returns directly enters displacement interference instrument, can beam split back light fibre laser.Compare with the similar system that adopts 1 * 2 fiber coupler, adopt fiber optical circulator that the signal light intensity that returns displacement interference instrument is nearly doubled.And do not have heliogram to turn back to fiber laser and influence its work.
A kind of full wave cross-sectional testing system of the present invention contains a beam separation system, form by catoptron, catoptron with holes and lens combination, the 532nm laser of solid state laser output is transferred by catoptron, on fiber end face, deliver to sample through lenslet and the pinhole imaging system that passes catoptron with holes through the large core fiber beam splitter.Fiber end face will be worn into the oblique angle, makes the non-flashlight of end face reflection depart from catoptron, not the admission velocity interferometer.And export from fiber end face from the flashlight that sample returns, disperse by its numerical aperture, pass through catoptron with holes and big lens imaging again on the input port of velocity interferometer, introduce velocity interferometer.
Large core fiber beam splitter in a kind of full wave cross-sectional testing system of the present invention is made up of core diameter hundreds of micron fiber, is used to transmit two kinds of laser of 532nm and 1550nm, and displacement interference instrument and velocity interferometer are connected into a system.Reduce signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) for the end face Fresnel reflection light that prevents the optical fiber junction returns interferometer, the end face of optical fiber junction is worn into the inclined-plane.The optical fiber that goes out the optical fiber circulator port adopts core diameter 9 μ m, the single-mode fiber of numerical aperture 0.11, and it adopts the FC/APC mode of standard to be connected 8 ° at end face oblique angle with the optical fiber of large core fiber beam splitter.The optical fiber that goes out the light beam piece-rate system is large core fiber, numerical aperture when being connected with the optical fiber of large core fiber beam splitter, can not adopt standard FC/APC mode greater than 0.11, need reset the oblique angle according to the numerical aperture of large core fiber, become special-shaped FC/APC connected mode.When making end face Fresnel reflection light enter optical fiber again, reveal and can not return interferometer from optical fiber.
A kind of full wave cross-sectional testing system of the present invention, wherein displacement interference instrument adopts the 1550nm fiber laser, also can adopt the 1310nm fiber laser.The 532nm solid state laser that velocity interferometer adopts also can adopt the Argon ion laser of exporting 514.5nm.
A kind of full wave cross-sectional testing system of the present invention, with two kinds of interferometers while test waves sections, both complementations of test result in the wave profile test, displacement interference instrument emphasis monitoring velocity is lower, but changes initial period faster.The velocity interferometer emphasis is monitored the variation under the high bit rate, and the fast-changing flex point of display speed, and is provided the true velocity value at flex point place by displacement interference instrument.Two kinds of interferometer test results complement each other and proofread, and obtain wave profile change curve comparatively completely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a full wave cross-sectional testing system structural representation block diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Shown in Figure 1, full wave cross-sectional testing system of the present invention comprises displacement interference instrument, velocity interferometer, fiber optical circulator, large core fiber beam splitter and beam separation system.Displacement interference instrument adopts fiber laser, and velocity interferometer adopts solid state laser, and peripherals comprises opto-electronic conversion register system and probe.Beam separation system in the full wave cross-sectional testing system contains catoptron, lenslet, catoptron with holes and big lens.The 532nm laser of solid state laser output is transferred through catoptron, can pass catoptron central small hole with holes by coalescence by lenslet, and imaging is on optical fiber 7 end faces.Central small hole is the about 2～3mm bellmouth orifice of diameter, with mirror surface angle at 45.After laser enters optical fiber 7 end faces, through special-shaped FC/APC connector, large core fiber beam splitter and probe, the illumination sample, collect irreflexive flashlight through sample diffuse reflection, probe again, enter optical fiber, and reversely be divided into two bundles through the large core fiber beam splitter, introduce displacement interference instrument and velocity interferometer respectively.But the 532nm light that enters displacement interference instrument is filtered by the optical fiber filter in the displacement interference instrument.The 1550nm light of admission velocity interferometer is filtered by the narrow band pass filter in the velocity interferometer.Flashlight is divergent from optical fiber 7, and the angle of divergence equals 2 multiple value aperture angles, again through catoptron turnover with holes (central small hole is lost about 2%～3% energy), assembles imaging by big lens, introduces velocity interferometer from the port 8 of velocity interferometer.Optical fiber 7 end faces are worn into 12 ° of oblique angles, so as not to from the incident light of fiber beam splitting system from the direct admission velocity interferometer of end face reflection, reduce signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
Large core fiber beam splitter in the full wave cross-sectional testing system, by 600 μ m, NA=0.22 optical fiber is formed, core diameter 570 μ m.The tail optical fiber (core diameter 9 μ m, single-mode fiber) that the tail optical fiber that picks out from the port 4 of large core fiber beam splitter and the port 3 of fiber optical circulator pick out connects 8 ° at two fiber end face oblique angles in standard FC/APC mode.The tail optical fiber that picks out from the port 5 of large core fiber beam splitter is connected 12 ° at two fiber end face oblique angles with the optical fiber that optical fiber 7 end faces pick out with special-shaped FC/APC mode.The tail optical fiber that picks out from large core fiber splitter ports 6 also is connected with the special-shaped FC/APC mode at 12 ° at end face oblique angle with the optical fiber that passes to probe.
Fiber optical circulator in the full wave cross-sectional testing system, similar are in 1 * 2 fiber coupler, but laser instrument is at inner unidirectional operation.Port one by fiber optical circulator enters, port 3 outputs of fiber optical circulator.The flashlight that tested surface returns behind the port 3 of fiber optical circulator, from port 2 outputs of fiber optical circulator, and can not exported from the capable port one of fiber annular in beam split.So, to compare with 1 * 2 fiber coupler, the fiber laser light source that the flashlight that returns can not enter displacement interference instrument influences its work.The useful signal light intensity of returning displacement interference instrument is doubled.
Claims (8)
1. full wave cross-sectional testing system, it is characterized in that: described system comprises displacement interference instrument, velocity interferometer, is used for separating fiber optical circulator, large core fiber beam splitter, the beam splitter of exporting laser and return signal light in the displacement interference instrument, and peripherals; Peripherals comprises opto-electronic conversion register system and probe; Displacement interference instrument adopts fiber laser, and velocity interferometer adopts solid state laser;
Its annexation is: the two-port of fiber optical circulator one side is connected with the input port of fiber laser and displacement interference instrument respectively, and one of two-port of a side of the port of opposite side and large core fiber beam splitter is connected; The laser of solid state laser output is guided in into large core fiber beam splitter the same side by the beam separation system through optical fiber another port; The port of large core fiber beam splitter opposite side is guided two kinds of laser into probe by optical fiber again, the illumination sample, and receive the flashlight that returns, by the beam split of large core fiber beam splitter, send displacement interference instrument and velocity interferometer respectively back to.
2. full wave cross-sectional testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described beam separation system that is used for separating laser output and return speed interferometer comprises catoptron, lenslet, catoptron with holes and lens greatly; The laser of solid state laser output is transferred by catoptron, on fiber end face, delivers to sample through the large core fiber beam splitter through lenslet and the pinhole imaging system that passes catoptron with holes.
3. full wave cross-sectional testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the fiber end face of described system is the oblique angle, and the size of angle of bevel is determined according to Optical Fiber Numerical Aperture.
4. full wave cross-sectional testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is 100～900 micron fiber that described large core fiber beam splitter adopts diameter.
5. full wave cross-sectional testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described fiber laser is 1550nm or 1310nm for output optical maser wavelength.
6. full wave cross-sectional testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described solid state laser output optical maser wavelength is 532nm.
7. full wave cross-sectional testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Argon ion laser that described solid state laser employing output optical maser wavelength is 514.5nm substitutes.
8. full wave cross-sectional testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the angle at described fiber end face oblique angle is 8 ° or 12 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100218789A CN100533114C (en) | 2006-09-16 | 2006-09-16 | Full wave cross-sectional testing system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100218789A CN100533114C (en) | 2006-09-16 | 2006-09-16 | Full wave cross-sectional testing system |
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| CN1959371A true CN1959371A (en) | 2007-05-09 |
| CN100533114C CN100533114C (en) | 2009-08-26 |
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| CNB2006100218789A Expired - Fee Related CN100533114C (en) | 2006-09-16 | 2006-09-16 | Full wave cross-sectional testing system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102419442A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2012-04-18 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Double source laser interference velocity measurement system |
| CN107179132A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-09-19 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Optical fiber image transmission beam velocity interferometer and shock velocity computational methods |
-
2006
- 2006-09-16 CN CNB2006100218789A patent/CN100533114C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102419442A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2012-04-18 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Double source laser interference velocity measurement system |
| CN107179132A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-09-19 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Optical fiber image transmission beam velocity interferometer and shock velocity computational methods |
| CN107179132B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2023-04-14 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Optical fiber image transmission beam velocity interferometer and shock wave velocity calculation method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100533114C (en) | 2009-08-26 |
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Granted publication date: 20090826 Termination date: 20190916 |