CN1952365A - 燃气轮机装置及其装配方法 - Google Patents

燃气轮机装置及其装配方法 Download PDF

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CN1952365A
CN1952365A CNA2006101355586A CN200610135558A CN1952365A CN 1952365 A CN1952365 A CN 1952365A CN A2006101355586 A CNA2006101355586 A CN A2006101355586A CN 200610135558 A CN200610135558 A CN 200610135558A CN 1952365 A CN1952365 A CN 1952365A
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fan assembly
low
turbine
fan
pressure turbine
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R·J·奥尔兰多
T·O·莫尼兹
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02KJET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K3/00Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan
    • F02K3/02Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber
    • F02K3/04Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type
    • F02K3/072Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type with counter-rotating, e.g. fan rotors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02CGAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • F02C3/107Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor with two or more rotors connected by power transmission
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02CGAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/36Power transmission arrangements between the different shafts of the gas turbine plant, or between the gas-turbine plant and the power user
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00Components
    • F05D2240/40Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/40Transmission of power
    • F05D2260/403Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05D2260/4031Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Abstract

本发明公开了一种装配燃气轮机(10)的方法。该方法包括连接低压涡轮(14)到中心涡轮机(12)上,连接包括第一风扇装置(50)和第二风扇装置(52)的反向旋转的风扇装置(16)到低压涡轮上,从而使得第一风扇装置在第一方向(80)旋转,并且第二风扇装置以相反的第二方向(82)旋转。

Description

燃气轮机装置及其装配方法
技术领域
本发明通常涉及燃气轮机,并且尤其涉及燃气轮机装置及其装配方法。
背景技术
至少一些已知的燃气轮机包括前部的风扇、中心发动机和动力涡轮。该中心发动机包括至少一个压缩机、燃烧器、高压涡轮和低压涡轮,它们以串行流关系结合在一起。更具体的,压缩机和高压涡轮通过一轴结合以定义高压转子装置。进入到中心发动机的空气与燃料混合并且被点燃以形成高能气流。高能气流流过高压涡轮,以可旋转地驱动高压涡轮,从而使得该轴接着可旋转地驱动压缩机。
当气流流过低压涡轮时,该气流膨胀。低压涡轮通过低压轴可旋转地驱动该风扇使得低压转子装置由风扇、低压轴和低压涡轮限定。为了便于增加发动机效率,至少一个已知的燃气轮机包括反向旋转的低压涡轮,该低压涡轮连接到反向旋转的风扇和/或反向旋转的增压压缩机上。
为了装配包括反向旋转的低压涡轮的燃气轮机,外部旋转筒、旋转框架、中部涡轮框架和两个同心轴都安装在燃气轮机中以便于支撑反向旋转的低压涡轮。上述部件的安装还能够使得第一风扇装置连接到第一涡轮上以及第二风扇装置连接到第二涡轮上,从而使得第一风扇装置和第二风扇装置每个分别以与第一涡轮和第二涡轮相同的方向旋转。因此,这样的发动机的总的重量、设计复杂性和/或制造成本增加了。
发明简述
在一个方面,提供一种装配燃气轮机的方法。该方法包括连接低压涡轮到中心燃气轮机上,连接包括第一风扇装置和第二风扇装置的反向旋转风扇装置到低压涡轮上,从而使得第一风扇以第一方向旋转并且第二风扇以相反的第二方向旋转。
在另一个方面,提供反向旋转的风扇装置。该反向旋转的风扇装置包括:连接到低压涡轮上的第一风扇装置,该第一风扇装置包括盘和连接到该盘上的多个转子叶片并且被构造为以第一旋转方向旋转;和连接到低压涡轮上的第二风扇装置,该第二风扇装置包括盘和连接到该盘上的多个转子叶片,第二风扇装置被构造为以第二旋转方向旋转。
在进一步的方面,提供涡轮机装置。该涡轮机装置包括中心燃气轮机,连接到中心燃气轮机上的低压涡轮,和连接到低压涡轮上的反向旋转的风扇装置,反向旋转的风扇装置包括连接到低压涡轮上并且被构造为以第一旋转方向旋转的第一的风扇装置,和连接到低压涡轮上的第二风扇装置,该第二风扇装置被构造为以相反的第二旋转方向旋转。
附图说明
图1是示例的涡轮机装置的一部分的横剖面视图;
图2是如图1所示的反向旋转风扇的一部分的放大的横剖面视图;和
图3是如图2所示的反向旋转风扇的一部分的放大的横剖面视图。
具体实施方式
图1是具有纵轴11的示例的涡轮机装置10的一部分的横剖面视图。在示例的实施例中,涡轮机装置10包括中心燃气轮机12、轴向连接到中心燃气轮机12的后部的低压涡轮14、和轴向连接到中心燃气轮机12的前部的反向旋转风扇装置16。
中心燃气轮机12包括外壳20,其定义了环形中心发动机入口22。外壳20围绕着低压增压压缩机24以便于增加进气的压力到第一压力水平。在一个实施例中,中心燃气轮机12是中心CFM56燃气轮机,其可以从俄亥俄州辛辛那提的通用电气航空发动机公司中获得。
高压、多级、轴流压缩机26从增压压缩机24中接收加压的空气,并且进一步增加空气的压力到更高的第二压力水平。高压空气被引导入燃烧室28并且与燃料相混合。燃料空气混合气被点燃以提升加压空气的温度和能量水平。高能燃烧产物流到第一或者高压涡轮30以用于通过第一驱动轴32驱动压缩机26,然后流入第二或者低压涡轮14以便于通过第二驱动轴34驱动反向旋转风扇装置16和增压压缩机24,该第二驱动轴34与第一驱动轴32同轴连接。在驱动低压涡轮14之后,燃烧产物通过排气喷嘴36离开涡轮机装置10以提供推进的喷气式推力。
反向旋转风扇装置16包括围绕纵轴11的前部的风扇装置50和后部的风扇装置52。术语“前部的风扇”和“后部的风扇”在此用于表示风扇装置50是轴向连接在风扇装置52的上游。在一个实施例中,风扇装置50和52被设置在中心燃气轮机12的前端,如图所示。在一个可选择的实施例中,风扇装置50和52均设置在中心燃气轮机12的后端。风扇装置50和52每个分别包括至少一排转子叶片60和62,并且设置在吊舱64之中。叶片60和叶片62连接到各自的盘66、68上。
在一个实施例中,增压压缩机24包括多排转子叶片70,这些转子叶片70被连接到对应的转子盘72上。在示例实施例中,增压压缩机24设置在入口导向叶片装置74的后部并且连接到后部的风扇装置52上,从而使得增压压缩机24以基本上等于后部的风扇装置52转速的转速进行旋转。虽然增压压缩机24被示出仅具有三排转子叶片70,应认识到增压压缩机24可具有单排转子叶片70或者多排转子叶片70,它们与多排导向叶片76相互交叉。在一个实施例中,入口导向叶片76被固定地连接到增压器壳体78上。在另一个实施例中,转子叶片70可旋转地连接到转子盘72上,从而使得入口导向叶片76在发动机运行期间是可移动的,以便于改变被引导通过增压压缩机24的空气量。在另一个可选择的实施例中,涡轮机装置10没有包括增压压缩机24。
在该示例实施例中,低压涡轮14通过轴34连接到前部的风扇装置50上,使得低压涡轮14和前部的风扇装置50以第一旋转方向80进行旋转。后部的风扇装置52连接到低压涡轮14上,使得后部的风扇装置52以相反的第二旋转方向82进行旋转。
图2是如图1所示的反向旋转风扇装置16的一部分的示意图。图3是如图2所示的反向旋转风扇装置16的一部分的示意图。在一个实施例中,反向旋转风扇装置16还包括齿轮箱100,其连接在后部的风扇装置52和第二驱动轴34之间以便于以与前部的风扇装置50相反的第二旋转方向82旋转后部的风扇装置52。
在该示例性实施例中,齿轮箱100具有大约2比1的传动比,从而使得前部的风扇装置50以约为后部的风扇装置52的转速大约2倍的转速进行旋转。在另一个实施例中,前部的风扇装置50以比后部的风扇装置52的转速快大约0.9和大约2.1倍之间的转速进行旋转。在另一个实施例中,前部的风扇装置50以比后部的风扇装置52的转速快大约1.5倍的转速进行旋转。在又一个实施例中,前部的风扇装置50以约为后部的风扇装置52的转速0.67倍的转速进行旋转。所以,在此示例性实施例中,前部的风扇装置50以比后部的风扇装置52的转速快的转速旋转。在可选实施例中,前部的风扇装置50以比后部的风扇装置52的转速低的转速旋转。在此示例性实施例中,齿轮箱100是径向齿轮箱,其基本上围绕轴34并且包括支撑结构102、结合在支撑结构102内的至少一个齿轮103、输入104、和输出106。
在此示例性实施例中,涡轮机装置10还包括第一风扇轴承装置110、第二风扇轴承装置120、第三风扇轴承装置130和第四风扇轴承装置140。第一风扇轴承装置110包括轴承圈112和结合在轴承圈112内的滚子元件114。后部的风扇轴承装置120包括轴承圈122和结合在轴承圈122内的滚子元件124。在示例性实施例中,风扇轴承装置110和120每个都是推力轴承,分别有助于保持前部的风扇装置50和后部的风扇装置52在相对固定的轴向位置中。第三风扇轴承装置130包括轴承圈132和结合在轴承圈132内的滚子元件134。第四风扇轴承装置140包括轴承圈142和结合在轴承圈142内的滚子元件144。在示例性实施例中,风扇轴承装置130和140每个都是滚子轴承,它们有助于对后部的风扇装置52提供旋转支撑使得后部的风扇装置52可以相对于前部的风扇装置50自由旋转。所以,风扇轴承装置130和140有助于在反向旋转的风扇装置16内保持后部的风扇装置52在相对固定的径向位置中。
在示例性实施例中,齿轮箱支撑结构102结合到静止部件上。更具体而言,并且在此示例性实施例中,风扇轴承装置120包括旋转的内圈126和静止的外圈128,使得滚子元件124分别结合在两个圈126和128之间。更具体而言,在此示例性实施例中,齿轮箱输入104经由花键联接到驱动轴34的驱动轴延伸部分136而可旋转地连接到第二驱动轴34,并且齿轮箱输出106经由输出结构138可旋转地连接到后部的风扇装置52。更具体而言,输出结构138的第一端花键联接到齿轮箱输出106,而输出结构138的第二端连接到驱动轴168以便于驱动后部的风扇装置52。外圈128有助于在涡轮机装置10内将装置齿轮箱100保持在基本固定的位置中。
在操作期间,当第二驱动轴34旋转时,第二驱动轴34使得齿轮箱输入104旋转,该齿轮箱输出104随后使齿轮箱输出106旋转。因为轴承外圈128连接到后部的风扇装置52,第二驱动轴34经由齿轮箱100使得后部的风扇装置52在与前部的风扇装置50相反的第二方向82上旋转。在示例性实施例中,齿轮箱100位于贮槽160之内,该贮槽160限定在第二风扇驱动轴168和结构支撑件162之间,该结构支撑件162被构造来支撑后部的风扇装置52。在运行期间,齿轮箱100至少部分浸没在包含在贮槽160中的润滑液之中。这样,齿轮箱100便于在发动机运行期间被持续润滑。
在此描述的燃气轮机装置包括反向旋转(CR)的风扇装置,其具有齿轮传动的单向旋转(SR)的低压涡轮。该装置便于减少与已知的反向旋转低压涡轮相关的至少一部分复杂性。更具体的,在此描述的燃气轮机包括前部风扇,其可旋转地连接到单向旋转的低压涡轮上,和后部风扇以及增压压缩机,它们可旋转地连接一起,并且通过齿轮箱由低压涡轮所驱动。而且,后部的风扇装置和增压装置以相同的速度被驱动,在一个实施例中,该速度是前部风扇速度的大约一半。另外,在此描述的燃气轮机装置被构造使得由低压涡轮产生的动力的大约40%通过齿轮箱被传送到后部的风扇装置上,以便于减少齿轮损失。因此,如果发生齿轮箱失效,即后部的风扇装置停止旋转,前部的风扇装置将持续运行,因为前部的风扇装置是由低压涡轮直接驱动。
结果,此处说明的燃气轮机有助于提高风扇效率、减小风扇梢速和/或减小噪音。此外,因为此处说明的燃气轮机不包括驱动反向旋转风扇装置的反向旋转低压涡轮,所以诸如(但不限于)外部旋转筒、旋转后框架、第二低压涡轮轴和低压涡轮外部旋转密封的各种部件可以省略,由此减小了燃气轮机装置的整体重量。此外,在某些燃气轮机应用中,利用此处说明的方法和装置可以省略中部涡轮框架。
燃气轮机齿轮箱的示例的实施例在上面详细描述,其包括连接到风扇装置的齿轮箱。这些部件不限于在此描述的特定的实施例,而是每个系统的部件可以与在此描述的其它部件单独和分离地利用。而且,在此描述的齿轮箱还能与包括前部和后部风扇装置的其他已知燃气轮机相结合使用。
尽管本发明就不同的特定实施例进行了描述,本领域技术人员将认识到本发明可以进行在权利要求精神和范围之内的修改。
部件目录表
10    涡轮机装置
11    纵向中心轴
12    中心燃气轮机
13    框架
14    低压涡轮
16    旋转风扇装置
20    外壳
22    发动机入口
24    增压压缩机
26    轴流压缩机
28    燃烧室
30    高压涡轮
32    第一驱动轴
34    第二驱动轴
36    排气喷嘴
50    前部的风扇装置
52    后部的风扇装置
60    转子叶片
62    转子叶片
64    吊舱
66    转子盘
68    转子盘
70    转子叶片排
72    转子盘
74    入口导向叶片装置
76    入口导向叶片
78    增压器壳体
80    第一旋转方向
82    第二旋转方向
100   齿轮箱
102    壳体
103    齿轮
104    齿轮箱输入
106    齿轮箱输出
110    第一风扇轴承装置
112    轴承圈
114    滚子元件
120    第二风扇轴承装置
122    轴承圈
124    滚子元件
128    外圈
130    第三风扇轴承装置
132    轴承圈
134    滚子元件
136    轴承内圈结构
138    输出结构
140    第四风扇轴承装置
142    轴承圈
144    滚子元件
160    贮槽
162    结构支撑构件
168    第二风扇驱动轴

Claims (10)

1.一种反向旋转的风扇装置(16),其包括:
连接到低压涡轮(14)上的第一风扇装置(50),所述第一风扇装置包括盘(66)和连接到所述盘上的多个转子叶片(70)并且被构造为以第一旋转方向(80)旋转;和
连接到低压涡轮上的第二风扇装置(52),所述第二风扇装置包括盘(68)和连接到所述盘上的多个转子叶片,所述第二风扇装置被构造为以第二旋转方向(82)旋转。
2.如权利要求1所述的反向旋转的风扇装置(16),还包括齿轮箱(100),所述齿轮箱连接到所述第二风扇装置(52),所述齿轮箱构造为使所述第二风扇装置以不同于第一转速的第二转速旋转。
3.如权利要求1所述的反向旋转的风扇装置(16),其中所述第二风扇装置(52)轴向连接在所述第一风扇装置(50)之后。
4.如权利要求1所述的反向旋转的风扇装置(16),其中所述第二转速小于所述第一转速。
5.如权利要求1所述的反向旋转的风扇装置(16),还包括:
连接在所述低压涡轮(14)和所述第一风扇装置(50)之间的驱动轴(32);和
连接在所述轴和所述第二风扇装置(52)之间的齿轮箱(100),所述齿轮箱构造为使所述第二风扇装置以相反的第二方向(82)旋转。
6.一种涡轮机装置(10),其包括:
中心燃气轮机(12);
连接到所述中心燃气轮机的低压涡轮(14);和
连接到所述低压涡轮的反向旋转的风扇装置(16),所述反向旋转的风扇装置包括连接到低压涡轮上并且被构造以第一方向(80)旋转的第一风扇装置(50),和连接到低压涡轮上的第二风扇装置(52),所述第二风扇装置被构造为以相反的第二方向(82)旋转。
7.如权利要求6所述的涡轮机装置(10),还包括:
连接在所述低压涡轮(14)和所述第一风扇装置(50)之间的驱动轴(32);和
连接在所述轴和所述第二风扇装置(52)之间的齿轮箱(100),所述齿轮箱构造为使所述第二风扇装置以相反的第二方向(82)旋转。
8.如权利要求6所述的涡轮机装置(10),其中所述第二风扇装置(52)轴向连接在所述第一风扇装置(50)之后。
9.如权利要求6所述的涡轮机装置(10),其中所述第一风扇装置(50)构造为以第一转速旋转,并且所述第二风扇装置(52)构造为以不同于所述第一转速的第二转速旋转。
10.如权利要求9所述的涡轮机装置(10),其中所述第二风扇装置(52)构造为以约为所述第一风扇装置转速一半的第一转速旋转。
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CN110573697A (zh) * 2017-03-07 2019-12-13 通用电气公司 三轴发动机的涡轮框架和轴承布置
CN111664226A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2020-09-15 通用电气公司 用于涡轮机的换向齿轮组件

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