CN1948998A - Multifunctional earthquake detecting and fore casting apparatus - Google Patents
Multifunctional earthquake detecting and fore casting apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1948998A CN1948998A CN 200610129264 CN200610129264A CN1948998A CN 1948998 A CN1948998 A CN 1948998A CN 200610129264 CN200610129264 CN 200610129264 CN 200610129264 A CN200610129264 A CN 200610129264A CN 1948998 A CN1948998 A CN 1948998A
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Abstract
The invention relates to multifunctional seismic detection and predicting device. It sets network type multifunctional detecting well and sonar tube in lithosphere to detect its sound signal and seismic signal while breaking, uses vertical deformation of the laser detecting multifunctional detecting well to calculate its horizontal stress change by function calculating, combines satellite observation for ground change and magnetic variation to observe and analyze natural environment in earthquake, before and after. Thus it can exactly predict by the numbers for the crust lithosphere change and the becoming earthquake.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of multifunctional earthquake detecting and predictor system, the present invention is by the detection to the multiple physical message that exists in the earth's crust lithosphere, in conjunction with the observation of satellite, come the earthquake that will take place is made observation and reported to the police to ground variation and GEOMAGNETIC CHANGE.
Technical background:
Earthquake is that the relative equilibrium or the stationary state of the earth's crust destroyed a kind of spontaneous phenomenon that is shown at short notice.At present, the mankind also do not find a kind of technology and device that can give a forecast to earthquake more accurately.The seismic survey device that we use mainly is by the detection to earth's crust vibration amplitude, come earthquake is observed, this sniffer can be surveyed the intensity of the earthquake that taken place, but can not make accurate forecast to the earthquake that will take place, at most also just by observation and record to numerous small earthquakes, by probability calculation, draw some uncertain suppositions.
Wide geographic area in earth continent, ground surface are made of materials such as the softer soil of one deck, desert or decayed rocks often.Seismic event is when passing this layer material arrival face of land, the material that this one deck is soft can absorb a part of earthquake energy, especially small-sized earthquake, this one deck material often can absorb the seismic energy of larger proportion, and with a metaphor: this just looks like the material that has one deck sponginess between earth's crust rock stratum and earth surface.So, be based upon the seismological observation platform net on this geologic province, even if having good sensitivity, its observation effect is often also unsatisfactory.And the construction of this net often needs very strict external environment condition, and is accurate as much as possible to guarantee observation data.
We know that what can cause large-scale damage is the earthquake that is caused by the plate movement of earth's crust rock stratum.But this forecast that can cause earthquake large-scale damage, that caused by the plate movement of earth's crust rock stratum is unusual difficulty, we can say that also the mankind also do not have ability that accurate forecast is carried out in this earthquake at present.Li Si Mr. light had once proposed the theory that predicts an earthquake by the STRESS VARIATION of surveying the earth's crust.Though this theory is very reasonable, the accurate detection of this stress is unusual difficulty, can't accomplish at present technical conditions and following of technical method in other words conj.or perhaps.Someone attempts via satellite this variation to be observed.But, because following reason, make moonscope can not satisfy our needs: 1, said as the front, compare with lithosphere, because surface layer is made of some soft relatively materials, so at one more slowly in the geology change procedure, the variation meeting of lithosphere is because the effect of this soft relatively surface layer, its amplitude that shows has one and weakens; 2, satellite itself has observational error; 3, satellite is than the serviceable life of weak point and the error that is produced when changing satellite thereof; 4, the use cost of satellite.So need designing a kind of lithosphere STRESS VARIATION observation device more reliably, we come the STRESS VARIATION of lithosphere is observed accurately.
We know according to for many years observation: when earthquake will take place, some abnormal occurrencies will take place in nature, as the unexpected variation of underground water table; Abnormal behaviour of some animals or the like.But why can be like this, our neither one saying accurately for many years.
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to attempt by adopting a series of new method and apparatus, by multiple physical message (variation of sound energy field and intensity thereof to existing in the earth's crust rock stratum, the variation of the vibrations of lithosphere wriggling and STRESS VARIATION, the lithosphere earth's crust, earth's crust resistivity etc.) detection, in conjunction with the observation of satellite to ground variation and GEOMAGNETIC CHANGE, come the phenomenon that earthquake and BEFORE AND AFTER EARTHQUAKE physical environment are shown is carried out the analysis of system, thereby the variation of earth's crust lithosphere and the earthquake that will take place are made a comparison accurately and the prediction of system.
We know, earth surface is approximately the crust layer that lithosphere that 17 kms, thin and thick do not wait constitutes by one deck average thickness.Be mantle reservoir below the crust layer, the part that mantle reservoir contacts with crust layer is the asthenosphere that is made of the high temperature lava.Crust layer is to be made of a plurality of rock plates, and the motion of mantle reservoir high temperature lava plastic flow has caused the mutual motion between the rock plate of locating thereon, and the mutual motion between this rock plate is to cause the one of the main reasons that the large-scale damage earthquake takes place.In research during about the problem of earthquake, the intensity of the crustal rock layer that generally we said refers to and is positioned at lithosphere part on the mantle reservoir, that constitute the main body of continent utmost point piece, and be in the rock stratum part in ground and shallow-layer zone thereof, since its can occurrence of large-area ruinous earthquake, so when speaking of lithosphere below, often do not comprise this shallow-layer zone.
In general, the compressive strength of lithosphere is outstanding, and its tensile strength is then than inferior many of compressive strength.So-called earthquake, the relative equilibrium or the stationary state that are exactly the crustal rock layer are destroyed a kind of spontaneous phenomenon that is shown at short notice, and this destruction often just is meant breaking of lithosphere.And the mode that it breaks generally shows as following two kinds of forms:
One, the material of lithosphere bottom mantle reservoir has an acting force that makes progress to a certain zone of lithosphere, whole lithosphere then is under a kind of natural gravity state this moment, when this acting force that makes progress was able to destroy the stable intensity of lithosphere, this moment, lithosphere will break; Other rock plate forms pressure in some zone to this rock plate; When the enough big and lithosphere of the relative smaller or acting force of this acting force or pressure is not also destroyed this moment, at this moment the upper area that is in the lithosphere of this active region often at first can ftracture, after lithosphere ftractures, when if mantle reservoir can provide metastable support for lithosphere, this moment, the earth's crust still can be in a metastable state, at this time, the detectable earthquake strength that takes place may not change or have only very little variation, so we use present seismic survey device often can not survey accurately and forecast this variation that this time takes place.And continue when this acting force or continue to increase act on lithosphere, in when, finally the shear failure (fracture) of lithosphere taking place, the principal earthquake of destructive power maximum will take place in this moment, this is the earthquake that the cracking type at first takes place lithosphere on a kind of earth's crust, this earthquake promptly can be by taking place under a kind of condition recited above; Also may be that two kinds of situations act on lithosphere simultaneously and take place.Because the nethermost position of lithosphere is finally destroyed, so its source depth that shows is often relatively large.
The failure mode of second kind of lithosphere is: the zones of different of lithosphere bottom has the plural acting force that makes progress, and this acting force can be that the variation in earth mantle zone causes; Also can be at the volley the formed partial top thrust of lithosphere to be caused by other rock plates that are positioned at the lithosphere bottom; Also can be that above-mentioned two kinds of phenomenon actings in conjunction cause in lithosphere.When the acting force that makes progress when this lithosphere bottom multiple spot was able to destroy the stable intensity of lithosphere, this moment, lithosphere will break.When the enough big and lithosphere of the relative smaller or acting force of this acting force or jacking force is not also destroyed this moment, at this moment the lower area that is in the lithosphere of this active region often at first can ftracture, after lithosphere ftractures, when if mantle reservoir can provide metastable support for lithosphere, this moment, the earth's crust still can be in a metastable state, at this time, the detectable earthquake strength that takes place may not change or have only very little variation, so we use present seismic survey device still can not survey accurately and forecast this variation that this time takes place.And continue when this acting force or continue to increase act on lithosphere and the destruction (fracture) of lithosphere finally taken place the time, the principal earthquake of destructive power maximum will take place at this moment.This is the earthquake that the cracking type at first takes place lithosphere under a kind of earth's crust.This earthquake promptly can be by taking place under a kind of situation recited above; Also may be that two kinds of situations act on lithosphere simultaneously and take place.Because the uppermost position of lithosphere is finally destroyed, so its source depth is often not dark relatively.Simultaneously, lithosphere is no matter be at first upwards cracking or cracking downwards, when shear failure finally takes place in lithosphere, at this moment the rock at seam place of ftractureing tends to take place rapid relative motion, thereby cause the rapid collision of lithosphere, because the thickness of area, continent lithosphere is generally bigger, and lithosphere cracking in advance stitches and final rupture failure district often is in the two ends of lithosphere, so the rapid closure of the seam that ftractures also can show general source signature.This often makes us can accurately not survey source depth by present detection method.Resemble Tangshan Earthquake, its source depth just has multiple saying.
Above we mention: when cracking or local cracking took place lithosphere, the detectable earthquake strength of generation may not change or have only very little variation.In fact, above the dual mode of said lithosphere cracking can not be the seam that only only ftractures in a lot, and be likely in a zone have many crackings to stitch, under the multi-direction stressed natural conditions of lithosphere, when being sewed with, these crackings can only not ftracture on a direction above or below the lithosphere yet, but can on the both direction up and down of lithosphere, exist many cracking seams simultaneously, these be in lithosphere up and down two sides' cracking seam exist quantitative difference because of stressed inhomogeneous of lithosphere.When energy accumulating to can destroy the steady state (SS) in a certain zone of lithosphere the time, principal earthquake promptly takes place in this regional lithosphere multiple violent metamorphosis such as can rupture, shear, cave in.The zone that violent metamorphosis takes place this lithosphere is exactly the zone, earthquake centre that we often say.Become the zone, earthquake centre and often need to possess following three conditions: the one, be the zone that mantle reservoir changes here; The 2nd, be the zone that lithosphere stress is concentrated here; Sometimes these two variations have identical reason (causing the variation of lithosphere stress as the variation of mantle reservoir).The 3rd, the intensity that is in this regional lithosphere is weaker than the peripheral region.
The energy variation of not all lithosphere, STRESS VARIATION finally all can cause ruinous earthquake, also might this thing happens: along with breaking and the continuous generation of some small earthquakes of lithosphere, energy obtains discharging, thereby has prevented the generation of ruinous earthquake.
Not necessarily exergonic maximum instantaneous is when principal earthquake takes place, and exergonic sometimes maximum instantaneous cracking takes place and when as yet principal earthquake not taking place at lithosphere often.So, find this variation of lithosphere timely, can making more accurately to the earthquake that will take place timely for us, forecast be very important.And the seismological observation method that we take at present, not competent this work.
In sum, we should be realized that earthquake is the physical change process of a complexity, and in this physical change process, it can send a series of variable signal, and we to observe the means of earthquake at present mainly be to pass through seismograph.Because can't changing the complexity of above-mentioned lithosphere at all, the seismic survey instrument that we adopt at present surveys accurately, and present seismograph can only be arranged on less relatively ground of interference source or shallow subterranean formation zone mostly, and the top layer part in continent is made of softer material often, this just is arranged on the seismic survey instrument on the shock attenuation device as us, and this can reduce the detection accuracy of detection instrument greatly.So attempt comparing in the exploration of observing accurately and forecasting to earthquake at us, we should only only not carry out the detection of earthquake strength to the cracking of this lithosphere, the integrated signal that is produced in the time of more should break by the external force effect to lithosphere is surveyed accordingly, so that accomplish to survey more accurately the variation with the prediction rock layer.Specifically, these integrated signal features comprise following several aspect: rock does not take place as yet at cracking in the large-scale structure destruction, the seismic facies ratio that causes with it, its audio power that sends often can reflect the intensity of lithosphere internal structure change more accurately.Present seismic detection method often can only compare " record " accurately to the earthquake that has taken place, and we are by surveying the variation that lithosphere changes the audio power that causes, often can find the slight change of lithosphere more accurately, the sniffer that this detection lithosphere audio power is changed is used in combination with the seismic survey device that uses at present, often can accomplish to survey more accurately variation that has taken place with the prediction rock layer and the variation that will take place.
The front is talked about: the fold that is taken place under the effect of external force for lithosphere changes, STRESS VARIATION, and the mankind go back the highly effective observation procedure of neither one it is compared observation accurately.Someone attempts via satellite this variation to be observed.But, because following reason, make moonscope can not satisfy our needs: 1, said as the front, compare with lithosphere, because surface layer is made of some soft relatively materials, so at one more slowly in the geology change procedure, the variation meeting of lithosphere is because the effect of this soft relatively surface layer, the amplitude of its performance has one and weakens; 2, satellite itself has observational error; 3, satellite is than the serviceable life of weak point and the error that is produced when changing satellite thereof; 4, the use cost of satellite.So need designing a kind of lithosphere STRESS VARIATION observation device more reliably, we come the STRESS VARIATION of lithosphere is observed accurately.
Based on the understanding to above-described lithosphere changed features, we have designed this multifunctional earthquake detecting and forecast system device.This system and device by sound can comprehensive survey six big systems such as system, seismic energy comprehensive survey system, lithosphere stress detection system, signal transmission system, computer for analysis and rapid alarm system, power-supply system form, below we just carry out a detailed explanation to these systems.
Sound can comprehensive survey system constitute by multi-functional detecting shaft and sonar pipe, sound signal sound pick up equipment, sound signal modulating device, carrier equipment, sonar pipe ear nest device and corresponding sound-absorbing, sound arrester etc.; Seismic energy comprehensive survey system is made of deep-wall type seismograph, seismograph, seismic signal modulating device, carrier equipment etc.; Lithosphere stress detection system is made of Laser emission instrument, laser positioning instrument, laser pickoff, horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer, modulating apparatus, carrier equipment etc.; Signal transmission system is made of modulating apparatus, carrier equipment, transmission network, signal demodulating equipment etc.; Computer for analysis and rapid alarm system are made of computer, corresponding program controlled software, information record and storage system, sound signal display device, seismic signal display device, lithosphere STRESS VARIATION display device, warning message transmission and display device etc.; Power-supply system is in order to guarantee the operate as normal of above-mentioned each system.
Multi-functional detecting shaft and sonar pipe are made up of the plow-steel sleeve pipe, and it promptly is a platform of laying above-mentioned various sniffers; It also is a sonar pipe; Still be the display device of a lithosphere STRESS VARIATION simultaneously.Its length can be selected to the scope of ten thousand metres at 1000 meters flexibly according to relevant condition.General, length (degree of depth) is big more, and the effect of detection is good more.But along with the increasing of length, difficulty of construction and construction cost can significantly increase, and this just requires us to find a kind of optimal scheme according to actual conditions.Because this multifunctional earthquake detecting and forecast system device are made of the network that one group of comprehensive survey device is combined into.In this network, promptly the high home site of detection accuracy can be set in the key area, the detecting shaft that this multifunctional earthquake detecting and forecast system device adopt and the length (degree of depth) of sonar pipe also can secondary site be set, so can be not wait in non-key area.This sonar pipe should have reasonable the contact with lithosphere, and the sound in the lithosphere propagates in the sonar pipe by the sonar tube wall, and the sound signal sound pick up equipment is responsible for this sound signal is converted to electric signal.We know that modern sonar technical functionality is very perfect, in the ocean, and the ships and light boats of motion beyond advanced sonar equipment can detect hundred kilometers.And the sound that the acoustic energy that lithosphere is sent when being destroyed is sent during than various canoeing and yachting can be much more powerful, and the detection condition and the detectivity of our this deep-wall type sonar pipe can be better than various ships and light boats again from far away.So the density that an observation station is set when us about with per 200 kms is when carrying out layout, we can accomplish to observe the variation that crust layer takes place in the detecting area reliably basically.When we at a certain regionally detecting when seismic activity enters active period or anomalistic period, we can be provided with the new observation station in this zone flexibly so that carry out imminent earthquake observation.
The platform of laying as a comprehensive seismic survey system, bottommost at this multi-functional detecting shaft, a deep-wall type seismograph is set, be used for observing the shock conditions of lithosphere, this seismograph place is provided with an earth magnetism detection instrument and ground resistance exploring electrode simultaneously, makes it have GEOMAGNETIC CHANGE and ground resistive observing capacity simultaneously.Because this seismograph is in underground thousands of meters position, and directly contacts with lithosphere, so its investigative range, detection accuracy and antijamming capability can greatly improve.
Appropriate location on this seismograph top is provided with the lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer of a horizontal direction, and this device mainly is made of pressure transducer, multi-functional detecting shaft wall pressure force adjusting device, sensor information reading device etc.This wherein, pressure transducer be positioned at multi-functional detecting shaft outer wall around, by a sensor signal transmitting device and a detecting shaft inwall UNICOM with inside and outside wall sealing function.The function of this device is that the lithosphere of its present position is surveyed and record the acting force around the steel pipe walls.The function of multi-functional detecting shaft wall pressure force adjusting device is the gap of adjusting between detecting shaft and the lithosphere, so that this device is in good working order, utilizes the level wriggling of this method observation lithosphere.
In the top of lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer or the appropriate location of bottom, a sound signal sound pick up equipment is set, its function is that sound signal detected, that transmit by multi-functional detecting shaft and sonar pipe in the lithosphere of coming in is converted to electric signal.
Observation for the lithosphere STRESS VARIATION, it is at a loss what to do that people often feel, because people can't to be in underground tens so that the lithosphere of tens of kms make observation accurately, this is because the human technology of grasping at present can't guarantee that corresponding observation device can arrive this degree of depth.Even if the horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer that we speak of above, its detection accuracy and investigative range are also all very limited.But, if we adopt some special methods, will become vertical observation to the level observation of lithosphere STRESS VARIATION, the data that this vertical observation is obtained are carried out corrected Calculation then, and we just can obtain reliable lithosphere STRESS VARIATION data.According to this principle, above above-mentioned these devices, one group of laser pickoff is set, the function of this receiver is the Laser emission instrument emitted laser bundle that reception regularly or reflection are in its upper area, variation according to laser beam position, measure the deformation data that detecting shaft takes place under the effect of lithosphere, this delta data is input in the computer, carry out triangular form function calculation and corresponding corrected Calculation thereof, extrapolate the horizontal stressing conditions of lithosphere by the vertical change of this lithosphere, observe the stressed situation of change of lithosphere with this.
The electric signal that produces in above-mentioned four device work, under the situation of conditions permit, can be transferred to ground by dedicated signal line, reach when above-mentioned sniffer under the situation of certain depth, intensity (tension, heat-resisting) requirement to signal transmssion line is very high, and being provided with of multi-line (equipment lifting cable, power lead are necessary in the multi-functional detecting shaft) can often be brought construction and the difficulty of safeguarding.At this moment can a carrier equipment be set at this, the signal of above-mentioned four device recordings is passed to ground by power lead.Above-mentioned these sniffers promptly can separate setting according to actual needs, also can incorporately be provided with.This is the setting that is in the sniffer of multi-functional detecting shaft and sonar pipe bottommost.
Above it, be provided with every certain distance (500-1000M) and install like the category, different is, the detection system device that is in non-bottom position is when being equipped with laser pickoff, all be equipped with laser positioning instrument and Laser emission instrument, be used for launching downwards successively or transmitting accurate laser beam from well head.Owing in this multi-functional detecting shaft, have this sniffer of many groups, so, how to keep from well head to the shaft bottom launch successively or transmit the synchronism and the allelism of laser beam, be the needs that guarantee accuracy of observation, this wherein synchronism reach by the working time of controlling each device, so the synchronism of requirement is because we change in a kind of long-term geology that the observation lithosphere takes place here, in reaching kind of observation, the Laser emission instrument can not also unnecessary continuous working.And the requirement of allelism is got off from last surface launching when laser beam exactly, laser pickoff receives after the shooting point of this laser beam, will produce a signal, this signal is divided into two-way, one the tunnel transfers back to host computer as the delta data of lithosphere as mentioned above, one the tunnel sends instruction to the Laser emission instrument that is in this position, allows transmitter have identical item position and angle to the laser beam that the next stage sniffer sends with the laser beam that laser pickoff receives.Setting up the laser positioning instrument is exactly in order to satisfy this needs.When deforming under the wriggling of detecting shaft at lithosphere, the laser signal that laser pickoff receives will be moved, and the function calculation of the transmitting range by laser beam and the displacement of laser beam just can roughly be extrapolated the stressing conditions of lithosphere.Between 2 arrangement distances of Laser emission instrument and laser pickoff, when distortion appears in detecting shaft under the external force effect that lithosphere changes, and this distortion is during greater than the detecting shaft diameter, the situation that laser pickoff can't receive Laser emission instrument emitted laser signal can appear, at this moment need to adopt the method that shortens transmitter and receiver distance, recover the observation that lithosphere is changed.
The sniffer of forming by deep-wall type seismograph, sound signal sound pick up equipment, Laser emission instrument, laser positioning instrument, laser pickoff, lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer, signal carrier device etc., to ground, the signal in the lithosphere is carried out comprehensive record in the maximum probe degree of depth of multi-functional detecting shaft.Floor outlet place at multi-functional detecting shaft, a sonar pipe ear nest device is set, in fact this device is exactly one group of house formula building with good sound insulation, isolation property, be positioned at the device that this triplethreat sonar pipe is the mouth of pipe, controlled, can end sound transmission by one again, the detected sound of triplethreat sonar pipe can be directly transferred to this device.By setting up of this house device, the interference that prevents the ground noise signal that can also try one's best.In this house device, set up equipment lifting device in a seismograph and the multi-functional detecting shaft of a cover again.The three-dimensional setting of the different depth by above-mentioned sniffer, we promptly can survey sound wave, earthquake wave intensity in the lithosphere, again can be by surveying the different time that same sound wave, seismic event arrive above-mentioned sniffer, calculate the degree of depth that source, the seismic origin take place sound wave, and the signal of ground and shallow-layer interference source is excluded.
With multi-functional detecting shaft is the center of circle, on the suitable distance around it, one group of ground resistance potential electrode is set, and this group electrode is observed the resistance and the variation thereof of the their location earth's crust with the exploring electrode at the deep-wall type seismograph place that is positioned at multi-functional detecting shaft bottommost.
Said apparatus is combined into a complete multi-functional acquisition station, to organize multi-functional acquisition station at one widely in the region more, equidistant relatively setting (can improve important economic area and densely populated areas density is set), connection by corresponding signal transmission system, add corresponding satellite sounding device in case of necessity, we just can form a fairly perfect multifunctional earthquake detecting grid.
Above-mentioned various detection to signal be a kind of simulating signal, in order to guarantee transfer efficiency and transmission precision and transmission security, we carry out digitized coding and compression and encryption by a numerical coding and compression set to it.With the signal after this compression and the encryption,, it is modulated to a kind of signal that is suitable for (optical fiber television net, broadband networks, microwave, satellite) transmission on corresponding network by a digital modulating apparatus.By these networks, transfer signals in the host computer station then.
Above-mentioned digital signal arrives after the host computer station, at first by the digital demodulation signal device, the signal that above-mentioned online transmission is come is demodulated into digital signal corresponding, then by corresponding decoding device, after above-mentioned digital signal deciphering, decompressing, be reduced into simulating signal.Each detection website of the modulation and demodulation function of this transmission signals all has, and has complete two-way signaling transfer function between each website thereby make.
Detectable signal after this reduction divides other to enter into audio signal analysis, oscillography and register system through the processing of host computer; Seismic signal analysis, oscillography and register system; The signal analysis of lithosphere STRESS VARIATION, oscillography and register system; Sonar pipe laser positioning signal analysis, demonstration and register system.Above-mentioned each system mainly is made of computer, oscillograph, record and memory storage etc.Above-mentioned each system promptly can independently write down, analyze and show and also can and show above-mentioned various signals by the concentrated record of a computer, analysis by above-mentioned various signal by corresponding computer.All prepare in the above-mentioned computer complete signal analysis and demonstration and pen recorder and the program of a cover arranged.Because the sound wave of bass is compared tool with the sound wave of high audio and is educated higher transmission range, so in audio signal analysis, oscillography and register system, also be provided with a sound signal frequency multiplication device, the function of this frequency multiplication device is the signal that sound waves of different frequencies, ultrasonic signal that sonar equipment detects is converted into a fixed frequency, so that we are to the comprehensive comparative analysis of this signal.
In the middle of the external equipment of host computer, installed a cover earthquake alarming device, this device can send two kinds of alerting signals according to the instruction of computer, and a kind of is earthquake prediction (comprising imminent earthquake, mid-term, Long-term forecasting); A kind of is the earthquake Rapid Alarm.We talk about in the front is forecast how to carry out earthquake basically, because this cover seismic survey of our design and predictor have fairly perfect detection network and quick reflection ability, so it also has the function of the earthquake that has taken place being carried out Rapid Alarm.
We know that the velocity of propagation of seismic event in the crustal rock layer is approximately the 2000-8000 meter per second.This is wherein slower at softer rock stratum medium velocity, and is very fast at harder rock stratum medium velocity.And electricity and electromagnetic wave propagation speed are 300,000 thousand meter per seconds, and the velocity of propagation of these two kinds of signals differs bigger.And our seismic survey device has been deep into underground thousands of rice, this just often makes us (to be approximately several seconds) in the shortest time parameter of the earthquake that takes place is made interpretation accurately, and the department that needs are made quick reflection is given the alarm.
By above technical measures, we will have method and apparatus a kind of novelty, that can observe and forecast the variation that the crustal rock layer is taken place more accurately.Lasting observation by above facility, when a certain area enter into the earthquake active period sometime the time, if necessary, we can dispose observation satellite flexibly, the area of observation coverage is carried out the reinforcement observation of earthquake active period, and this can improve our observed efficiency and precision greatly.
Description of drawings:
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the multi-functional acquisition station of this multifunctional earthquake detecting and forecast system device.
Accompanying drawing 2 is network topology and procedure flow charts of this multifunctional earthquake detecting and forecast system device.
Accompanying drawing 3 is that the seismographic lithosphere integrated signal of deep-wall type of being furnished with that is in multi-functional detecting shaft bottom is surveyed and transmitting device work schematic layout pattern.
Accompanying drawing 4 is in the lithosphere sonar of being furnished with Laser emission and location and receiving function and acquisition of signal and the transmitting device synoptic diagram in the multi-functional detecting shaft.
Among the figure: multi-functional acquisition station (1), multi-functional detecting shaft and sonar pipe (2), bottom lithosphere integrated signal is surveyed and transmitting device (3), lithosphere sonar and STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal and transmitting device (4), deep-wall type seismograph (5), horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6), sound signal sound pick up equipment (7), digital signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), laser signal receiver (9), equipment lifting cable and working cable (10), laser positioning instrument and transmitter (11), seismograph (12), equipment lifting device (13) in the multi-functional detecting shaft, sonar pipe ear nest device (14), transmission network (15), electric power system (16), digital demodulation signal device (17), host computer system (18), audio signal analysis, oscillography and register system (19), seismic signal is analyzed, oscillography and register system (20), the signal analysis of lithosphere STRESS VARIATION, oscillography and register system (21), warning system (22), horizontal pressure transducer (23), multi-functional detecting shaft wall pressure force adjusting device (24), sensor information reading device (25) etc.
Embodiment:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the multi-functional acquisition station (1) of this multifunctional earthquake detecting and forecast system device.In this synoptic diagram, multi-functional detecting shaft and the sonar pipe (2) be made up of the plow-steel sleeve pipe are deep in the lithosphere, and it promptly is a platform of laying various sniffers; It also is a sonar pipe; Still be the display device of a lithosphere STRESS VARIATION simultaneously.Its length can be selected to the scope of ten thousand metres at 1000 meters flexibly according to relevant condition.The platform of laying as a comprehensive seismic survey system, bottommost at this multi-functional detecting shaft (2), a bottom lithosphere integrated signal is set surveys and transmitting device (3), this bottom lithosphere integrated signal detection and transmitting device (3) are by deep-wall type seismograph (5), horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6), sound signal sound pick up equipment (7), digital signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), laser signal receiver formations such as (9).Above these devices, be provided with equipment lifting cable and working cable (10), be used for detectable signal upload and with the lithosphere sonar of upper level and the mechanically contact of STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal and transmitting device (4).In the top of lithosphere integrated signal detection in bottom with transmitting device (3), every certain distance (500-1000M) one group of lithosphere sonar and STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal and transmitting device (4) are set, this lithosphere sonar and STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal and transmitting device (4) are by laser positioning instrument and transmitter (11), horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6), sound signal sound pick up equipment (7), digital signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), laser signal receiver formations such as (9).Be connected until ground successively with transmitting device (4) with the lithosphere sonar and the STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal of upper level by equipment lifting cable and working cable (10).By multi-functional detecting shaft and sonar pipe (2), deep-wall type seismograph (5), horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6), sound signal sound pick up equipment (7), digital signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), laser signal receiver (9), laser positioning instrument and transmitter (11), etc. the sniffer formed, connection by equipment lifting cable and working cable (10),, to ground the signal in the lithosphere is comprehensively observed in the maximum probe degree of depth of multi-functional detecting shaft.Floor outlet place at multi-functional detecting shaft (2), a sonar pipe ear nest device (14) is set, in this device, set up equipment lifting device (13) in a seismograph (12) and the multi-functional detecting shaft again, the three-dimensional setting of the different depth by above-mentioned sniffer, we promptly can survey sound wave, earthquake wave intensity in the lithosphere, again can be by surveying the different time that same sound wave, seismic event arrive above-mentioned sniffer, calculate the degree of depth that source, the seismic origin take place sound wave, and the signal of ground and shallow-layer interference source is excluded.
2 in accompanying drawing is the network topology and the procedure flow chart of multifunctional earthquake detecting and forecast system device.In accompanying drawing 2, will organize multi-functional acquisition station (1) at one widely in the region more, extensive a, observation grid is at a distance formed in equidistant relatively setting.Its observation signal is through the modulation of digital signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), becoming can be efficient on network, accurately, the enciphered message of safe transmission, by transmission network (15), various observation information are transferred to host computer (18) then.Before the routine analyzer that enters into host computer (18), earlier these digital signals are transported to digital demodulation signal device (17) and carry out demodulation process, after various digital signals are reduced into simulating signal, be transported within the host computer system (18), preparation has complete signal analysis, demonstration and pen recorder and the program of a cover in the host computer (18).Sound signal, seismic signal, lithosphere STRESS VARIATION signal and alerting signal after host computer is handled divide other to enter audio signal analysis, oscillography and register system (19), seismic signal analysis, oscillography and register system (20), the signal analysis of lithosphere STRESS VARIATION, oscillography and register system (21) and warning system (22) etc.
Accompanying drawing 3 is that the seismographic lithosphere integrated signal of deep-wall type of being furnished with that is in multi-functional detecting shaft bottom is surveyed and transmitting device work schematic layout pattern.This bottom lithosphere integrated signal detection and transmitting device (3) location and installation are in the bottom of multi-functional detecting shaft and sonar pipe, its mounting arrangement is: deep-wall type seismograph (5) is in below, upwards is horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6), sound signal sound pick up equipment (7) successively, digital signal modulates and carrier equipment (8), laser signal receiver (9) etc.Above these devices, be provided with equipment lifting cable and working cable (10), be used for detectable signal upload and with the lithosphere sonar of upper level and the mechanically contact of STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal and transmitting device (4).
Accompanying drawing 4 is the lithosphere sonar of being furnished with Laser emission and location and receiving function and acquisition of signal and the transmitting device synoptic diagram that are in the multi-functional detecting shaft.This lithosphere sonar and STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal and transmitting device (4) are by laser positioning instrument and transmitter (11), horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6), sound signal sound pick up equipment (7), digital signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), laser signal receiver formations such as (9) is surveyed with transmitting device (3) and the lithosphere sonar and the STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal that are in upper level and is connected successively with transmitting device (4) with the seismographic lithosphere integrated signal of deep-wall type of being furnished with that is in multi-functional detecting shaft bottom by equipment lifting cable and working cable (10), until ground.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of multifunctional earthquake detecting and predictor, by multi-functional acquisition station, multi-functional detecting shaft and sonar pipe, the deep-wall type seismograph, horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer, the sound signal sound pick up equipment, digital signal modulation and carrier equipment, the laser signal receiver, equipment lifting cable and working cable, laser positioning instrument and transmitter, seismograph, equipment lifting device in the detecting shaft, sonar pipe ear nest device, transmission network, electric power system, the digital demodulation signal device, the host computer system, audio signal analysis oscillography and register system, seismic signal is analyzed oscillography and register system, signal analysis oscillography of lithosphere STRESS VARIATION and register system, compositions such as warning system, it is characterized in that: a multi-functional detecting shaft and a sonar pipe (2) of being made up of the plow-steel sleeve pipe is deep in the lithosphere, bottommost at this multi-functional detecting shaft (2), a bottom lithosphere integrated signal is set to be surveyed and transmitting device (3), this bottom lithosphere integrated signal detection and transmitting device (3) are by deep-wall type seismograph (5), horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6), sound signal sound pick up equipment (7), digital signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), laser signal receiver formations such as (9), above these devices, be provided with equipment lifting cable and working cable (10), this cable is connected with transmitting device (4) with the lithosphere sonar and the STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal of upper level, in the top of lithosphere integrated signal detection in bottom with transmitting device (3), every certain distance one group of lithosphere sonar and STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal and transmitting device (4) are set, this lithosphere sonar and STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal and transmitting device (4) are by laser positioning instrument and transmitter (11), horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6), sound signal sound pick up equipment (7), digital signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), laser signal receiver formations such as (9), be connected successively until ground with transmitting device (4) with the lithosphere sonar and the STRESS VARIATION acquisition of signal of upper level by equipment lifting cable and working cable (10), floor outlet place at multi-functional detecting shaft (2), a sonar pipe ear nest device (14) is set, in this device, set up equipment lifting device (13) in a seismograph (12) and the multi-functional detecting shaft again, more than these devices be configured to a multi-functional acquisition station (1) basically, to organize multi-functional acquisition station (1) at one widely in the region more, equidistant relatively setting, form one on a large scale, remote observation grid, its observation signal is through the modulation of digital signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), become and to go up efficiently at transmission network (15), accurately, the enciphered message of safe transmission, then by transmission network (15), observation information is transferred to host computer (18), before the routine analyzer that enters into host computer (18), earlier these digital signals are transported to digital demodulation signal device (17) and carry out demodulation process, after various digital signals are reduced into simulating signal, be transported within the host computer system (18), preparation has the complete signal analysis of a cover in the host computer (18), demonstration and pen recorder and program.Sound signal, seismic signal, lithosphere STRESS VARIATION signal and alerting signal after host computer is handled divide other to enter audio signal analysis, oscillography and register system (19), seismic signal analysis, oscillography and register system (20), the signal analysis of lithosphere STRESS VARIATION, oscillography and register system (21) and warning system (22).
2, multifunctional earthquake detecting according to claim 1 and predictor, it is characterized in that: in lithosphere, a sonar pipe (2) is set, in this sonar pipe (2), equidistant one group of sound signal sound pick up equipment (7) that is provided with, this sound pick up equipment is connected with modulation of digital audio signal and carrier equipment (8), pass through the floor outlet place of audio signal transmission network (15) connection between each digital audio signal modulation and the carrier equipment until multi-functional detecting shaft (2), floor outlet place at multi-functional detecting shaft (2), a sonar pipe ear nest device (14) is set, the sound signal that above-mentioned sound signal sound pick up equipment detects, after the modulation through modulation of digital audio signal and carrier equipment (8), become and to go up the enciphered message of transmission at transmission network (15), then by transmission network (15), observation information is transferred to host computer (18), before the routine analyzer that enters into host computer (18), earlier these digital signals are transported to digital demodulation signal device (17) and carry out demodulation process, after various digital signals are reduced into simulating signal, be transported within the host computer system (18).
3, multifunctional earthquake detecting according to claim 1 and predictor, it is characterized in that: bottom in multi-functional detecting shaft (2), a deep-wall type seismograph (5) is set, top in detecting shaft (2), another seismograph (12) is set, these two seismic signals that seismograph detects, after the modulation through digital seismic signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), become and to go up the enciphered message of transmission at transmission network (15), then by transmission network (15), observation information is transferred to host computer (18), before the routine analyzer that enters into host computer (18), earlier these digital signals are transported to digital demodulation signal device (17) and carry out demodulation process, after various digital signals are reduced into simulating signal, be transported within the host computer system (18).
4, multifunctional earthquake detecting according to claim 1 and predictor, it is characterized in that: in lithosphere, a lithosphere STRESS VARIATION is set shows well (2), show within the well (2) in the lithosphere STRESS VARIATION, equidistantly be provided with one group by horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6), laser pickoff (9), the lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer that laser positioning instrument and Laser emission instrument (11) constitute, the signal that this lithosphere STRESS VARIATION detection arrives, after the modulation through digital lithosphere stress signal modulation and carrier equipment (8), become and to go up the enciphered message of transmission at transmission network (15), then by transmission network (15), observation information is transferred to host computer (18), before the routine analyzer that enters into host computer (18), earlier these digital signals are transported to digital demodulation signal device (17) and carry out demodulation process, after various digital signals are reduced into simulating signal, be transported within the host computer system (18).
5, according to claim 1, the described multifunctional earthquake detecting of claim 4 and predictor, it is characterized in that: in lithosphere, a lithosphere STRESS VARIATION is set shows well (2), show on the well (2) in the lithosphere STRESS VARIATION, equidistant lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer that is provided with a group by horizontal lithosphere STRESS VARIATION sniffer (6) formation, this installs mainly by pressure transducer (23), multi-functional detecting shaft wall pressure force adjusting device (24), sensor information reading device formations such as (25).This wherein, pressure transducer (23) be positioned at multi-functional detecting shaft outer wall around, by a sensor signal transmitting device and a detecting shaft inwall UNICOM with inside and outside wall sealing function, multi-functional detecting shaft borehole wall pressure regulation device (24), sensor information reading device (25) are positioned at detecting shaft.
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| CN 200610129264 CN1948998A (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2006-11-08 | Multifunctional earthquake detecting and fore casting apparatus |
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| CN101246217B (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2010-06-02 | 陈洪凯 | Dangerous rock falling calamity early warning instrument and method thereof |
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| CN101430384B (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2011-02-09 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Real-time accurate monitoring method for earth crust millimeter-level displacement |
| CN101686090B (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2011-04-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | System message receiving and transmitting method of earthquake |
| WO2011116537A1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-29 | Qiang Zuji | Satellite thermal infrared brightness temperature anomaly method for short-term and impending prediction of strong earthquakes |
| CN101169482B (en) * | 2007-05-28 | 2012-03-28 | 伊犁哈萨克自治州地震局 | Method and system for earthquake prediction by monitoring pressure of off-production gas well |
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| CN101246217B (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2010-06-02 | 陈洪凯 | Dangerous rock falling calamity early warning instrument and method thereof |
| CN101686090B (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2011-04-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | System message receiving and transmitting method of earthquake |
| CN101430384B (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2011-02-09 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Real-time accurate monitoring method for earth crust millimeter-level displacement |
| CN101738633A (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-06-16 | 陈�峰 | High-accuracy deep-well six-dimensional seismograph |
| WO2011116537A1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-29 | Qiang Zuji | Satellite thermal infrared brightness temperature anomaly method for short-term and impending prediction of strong earthquakes |
| CN104297780A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 宿州学院 | Petroleum geological exploration laser ultrasonic detection and data transmission system |
| CN104407376A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-11 | 刘长贵 | Earthquake prediction system |
| CN105225425A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-06 | 泉州黄章智能科技有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber is used in the method and apparatus of earthquake alarm |
| CN105676266A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-06-15 | 丁陶生 | Method and system for earthquake forecasting and prediction |
| CN107193038A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-22 | 王建衡 | Across fracture belt Horizontal Deformation seismic monitoring device |
| CN108732613A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-11-02 | 惠安县金建达电子科技有限公司 | A kind of laser depth calibrator |
| CN109507728A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-22 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of underground hazard method for early warning based on micro seismic monitoring |
| CN113568035A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-10-29 | 范雷彪 | Earthquake prediction method and three-dimensional ground stress and ground inclination comprehensive detection body |
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