CN1945116A - Circulation fixing bed split phase combustion technology - Google Patents
Circulation fixing bed split phase combustion technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN1945116A CN1945116A CNA2006100476210A CN200610047621A CN1945116A CN 1945116 A CN1945116 A CN 1945116A CN A2006100476210 A CNA2006100476210 A CN A2006100476210A CN 200610047621 A CN200610047621 A CN 200610047621A CN 1945116 A CN1945116 A CN 1945116A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to combustion operating method for fixed bed coal burning boiler and the special boiler. Coal grains of 15-50 mm size are first preheated with high temperature fume to 300-500 deg.c and then burnt in the main combustion area at 850-950 deg.c in the blown air comprising fresh air and tail fume; and cold air is introduced near the slag tap of the boiler to control slag temperature at 60-200 deg.c. The method of the present invention is especially suitable for chain-grate boiler, can burn raw coal of heat value 2000-6000 cal/kg and certain amount of industrial waste water and city refuse, and has high heat efficiency.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the fixed bed coal-burning boiler, the burning phase-splitting method of operating and the special layer combusting boiler thereof of the circulating fixed bed coal-burning boiler of specifically a kind of wet coal grain.
Background technology:
Fixed bed burning is a very ancient combustion technology, and in recent years along with scientific and technological progress, particularly to having done many improvement on automation mechanized operation and the scale, but basic combustion system does not have big change.At present, fixed bed use maximum be chain furnace.Chain furnace is subjected to the restriction of fixed bed combustion system, and generally between 70%～85%, coal-fired calorific value will reach more than 4500 kilocalories thermal efficiency, and generally difficult realization desulfurization in stove.Owing to be subjected to the influence of chain manufacturing technology, exist greater than the chain furnace of 100T/h and to make difficulty (having report to be 120T/h in the market to the maximum).Therefore, for the fixed bed boiler, improving the thermal efficiency, reduce combustion heat value, realize desulfuration in furnace, increase boiler capacity, all is the problem of current rich very important realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide new combustion method of a kind of fixed bed coal-burning boiler and special layer combusting boiler thereof.New combustion method is a kind of burning phase-splitting technology, earlier coal is carried out dried sauting, and fuel gas is separated, and sends into the gas combustion district and carries out gas-phase combustion, all the other solid-state parts fixed combustion on fire grate; Whole Combustion Process Control is in the low-temperature burning scope, the coal seam temperature is no more than 950 ℃, this temperature range has splendid desulfurization, denitration performance, and entering the gas combustion district, flue gas carries out second-time burning, desulfuration in furnace, denitration have also been strengthened, sulfur in smoke, oxynitrides content and unburned carbon in flue dust have been reduced, this temperature does not produce other harmfulness product, so this burning temperature range is referred to as the clean combustion humidity province, this combustion technology can be used for handling municipal sludge, house refuse and part industrial refuse the like waste; Adopt the present invention can improve boiler thermal output 3～10%; The fuel scope of application is also very wide, all can use from 2000 much 6000 much cards that snap into, and need not to change boiler structure.Because be the slag of low-temperature burning, there is not the above cinder of ash fusion point, lime-ash is very loose, can do building materials, industrial materials, agriculture composite fertilizer etc.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology: adopt wet coal grain of diameter 15～50mm or common coal grain to go into stove, the coal grain enters the preheating zone of being made up of reciprocal grate, be provided with an air exhauster in the fire grate bottom, the hot flue gas of furnace front is extracted out through the coal seam, be that the dried of coal sauted at this moment, produce water-gas, water-gas is sent into the gas combustion district, simultaneously coal is carried out preheating, make the coal seam temperature reach 300～500 ℃ (near the value of igniting); Coal after preheating is sent into chain fire-gate anterior primary zone, and the air blast in anterior primary zone is mixed by new wind and tail flue gas and forms, and changes the ratio of flue gas and new wind, and control burning coal layer temperature is at 850～950 ℃; The burning-out zone at chain middle part blasts new wind, the thorough after-flame of coal that unburned is intact; Cold slag district at the chain rear portion feeds cold air, and the control tapping temperature is between 60～200 ℃.
Be provided with a gas combustion district in arch outlet upper end, the hot-air after flue gas, fuel gas, the afterbody heating is finished gas-phase combustion in this zone, also is the second-time burning of flue gas.Flue gas after the second-time burning, combustion-supporting through three times, four times after-flame wind, with the thorough after-flame of fuel gas.
Described fixed bed coal-burning boiler is the double grate boiler, and the front portion is that reciprocal grate (or traveling-grate stoker) rear portion is a traveling-grate stoker, and its rearward sprocket is a driving wheel; Bigger as boiler, two drive sprockets before and after also can making into, promptly preceding sprocket wheel also is a driving wheel.
The moulded coal grain of described diameter 15～50mm is wet coal grain or common coal grain; And the content of water is generally 20～40% in the wet coal grain.
Described grate firing boiler is made up of coal breakage bucket, double grate, arch wall, burner hearth, drum, water-cooling wall, flue, air blast etc., flue is provided with the smoke backflow air channel, be connected to the traveling-grate stoker lower front through blender respectively, the air inlet of described blender links to each other with new wind and flue gas respectively; In traveling-grate stoker, the rear portion below be provided with the air-supply pipeline of bubbling air or oxygen-enriched air.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, with raw coal screening, particle is directly sent into boiler greater than 15mm's, less than granulation behind the poach of 15mm, make 15～50mm moulded coal fed to boiler, improve the performance of ventilating of fuel bed widely, made fuel bed significantly to increase, improved the fuel quantity of unit fire grate.
2, coal-fired through the preheating zone, before entering the fire grate primary zone, the coal seam temperature near the value of igniting, has shifted to an earlier date the position of igniting greatly; Set up circulated air in the stove, with the tail flue gas loopback, air circulation strengthens in the stove, is equipped with suitable heating surface, and control burning coal layer temperature is at 850～950 ℃; Because desulfuration in furnace can be realized in ignition temperature≤950 ℃, has not only simplified desulfur technology, has reduced desulphurization cost, and has greatly improved desulfurized effect.
3, Pei Fang adjustment, the intragranular pore that can produce different amounts generates cellular slag, further improves coal intragranular air permeability, has guaranteed the thorough burning of intragranular carbon, obtains the few cellular slag of carbon residue, and boiler slag carbon content can be less than 3%.
4, adopt burning phase-splitting, generate combustible gas in the preheating zone, combustible gas is sent into the gas combustion district and is done gas-phase combustion, finishes the solid phase burning on fire grate.
5, slag cools through cold wind and becomes the low temperature slag, because the control burning is no more than 950 ℃, does not surpass the ash fusion point temperature, can not form cinder, need not slag hitting equipment; Tapping temperature is lower than 200 ℃, and rearward sprocket can make driving wheel into, and upper fire-grating becomes pulling force, has improved the fire grate running status, and the front and back sprocket wheel all can add driving, reduces resistance, has created condition for increasing chain length.
6. the coal seam is divided into preheating zone, reduction combustion zone, oxygen-enriched combusting district, air preheating area, cold slag district; Because ventilate to improve, the ignition district in advance, so fuel depth can increase greatly, so just created condition for the lower heat of combustion coal.Simultaneously, can increase boiler capacity; Because of containing the moisture about 20% ~ 40% in the coal grain, moisture is heated to vaporize and mixes formation water-gas with fugitive constituent in the coal, enters the burning of gas combustion district, will move on the burner hearth high-temperature region, reduces the siege temperature simultaneously; Cold air enters burner hearth and the water-gas formation high temperature combustion zone that meets from the rear portion air compartment through the slag preheating.
7. the present invention is applicable to the fixed bed coal-burning boiler, is specially adapted to chain-grate boiler, and thermal source manufacturing enterprise, cogeneration of heat and power enterprise all can adopt this technology.This technology can enlarge the coal scope of application, the low calorific value coal of the 3000 card/kg that can burn and certain industrial wastes and urban waste etc.Can improve boiler thermal output 3～10%; And can realize that furnace interior divides desulfurization, denitration reduces sulfur in smoke, oxynitrides content and unburned carbon in flue dust, has changed grey slag ingredient simultaneously, but has made its production infant industry, agricultural products.Present technique has not only improved the thermal efficiency, has improved environment, and realized comprehensive utilization of resources with brand-new grate furnace combustion system, to building recycling economy society crucial meaning is arranged.
Understand according to investigations, domestic, still do not have this technology abroad and use.This technology can be applicable in the whole nation and world wide, be applicable to the chain-grate boiler of various models, it can enlarge the scope of application of coal, the also certain industrial wastes of incendivity and urban waste etc., have very high economic benefit and social benefit, but also having crucial environment-friendly function, its exploitation and application prospect are very wide.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is this circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting know-why schematic diagram;
Among the figure 1, drum; 11, traveling-grate stoker;
2, burner hearth; 12, primary zone;
3, four wind; 13, main air intake machine;
4, tertiary air; 14, burning-out zone;
5, secondary wind; 15, cold slag district;
6, coal bunker; 16, air-cooler;
7, gas combustion district; 17, flue gas air exhauster;
8, reciprocal grate; 18, back sprocket wheel;
9, combustible gas air exhauster; 19, chimney;
10, preceding sprocket wheel; 20, arch.
The specific embodiment: the fuel of the technology of the present invention is to adopt wet coal grain, raw coal is made the wet coal grain of diameter 15～50mm go into stove, and the coal grain enters the preheating zone of being made up of reciprocal grate.
The present invention is designed to the double grate boiler, and the front portion is a reciprocal grate 8, and the rear portion is a traveling-grate stoker 11; Anterior reciprocal grate adopts the bottom exhausting, and exhausting is sent into the upper gas combustion zone, and the rear portion traveling-grate stoker adopts the bottom air blast, and air blast is mixed with the tail flue gas of loopback, control coal seam temperature; The slag of after-flame is cooled to 200 ℃ of discharges through cold wind.
By the gas combustion district 7 of 20 upper ends that arch up, the hot-air after flue gas, fuel gas, the afterbody heating is carried out gas-phase combustion, also be the second-time burning of flue gas, the flue gas after the second-time burning, combustion-supporting through three times, four times after-flame wind, the thorough after-flame of fuel gas.
Claims (12)
1. circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology, it is characterized in that: adopt wet coal grain of diameter 15～50mm or common coal grain to go into stove, the coal grain at first enters the preheating zone, reciprocal grate other form fire grates such as (or) chains is adopted in the preheating zone, in the fire grate bottom air exhauster is housed, the high-temperature flue gas (more than 900 ℃) of furnace front is passed the coal seam from top to bottom extract out, send into the gas combustion district on top from the bottom; The preheating zone makes the coal seam temperature reach 300～500 ℃, and the coal seam enters chain fire-gate anterior primary zone, and the mixing wind of tail flue gas and new wind is adopted in the air blast in anterior primary zone, and control coal combustion temperature is at 850～950 ℃; At chain fire-gate middle part burning-out zone, air blast adopts new wind after the preheating (or not the new wind of preheating) to guarantee the coal seam after-flame; In the cold slag in chain fire-gate rear portion district, feed cold air, be the slag heat radiation, the control tapping temperature is about 60～200 ℃; The cold slag of rear cold air process becomes hot-air behind the district, and hot-air is sent into anterior burner hearth gas combustion district through arch, with the fuel gas mixed combustion of preheating zone extraction; Gas fume after burning is combustion-supporting through secondary wind, tertiary air, four wind, makes the thorough after-flame of combustible in the flue gas.
2. according to the described circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the moulded coal grain of described diameter 15～50mm is wet coal grain or common coal grain; Wet in this way coal grain, the content of water is 20～40% in the coal grain.
3. according to the described circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fixed bed coal-burning boiler preheating zone is reciprocal grate (or other fire grates), and the combustion zone is a traveling-grate stoker.
4. according to the fire grate form of the described fixed bed coal-burning boiler of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described reciprocal grate drive, chain fire-gate back sprocket wheel is a driving wheel.
5. according to the traveling-grate stoker in the described fire grate form of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described chain fire-gate preceding sprocket wheel also is driving wheel, and traveling-grate stoker is two the driving.
6. according to the described circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt exhausting mode, the fuel gas of being taken out to send into the burning of gas combustion district in the boiler preheating district, coal is preheated to 300～500 ℃ simultaneously.
7. according to the described circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom in the boiler primary zone feeds the mixing wind of being made up of air and tail flue gas, and the ignition temperature that changes the proportion control primary zone of mixing wind is between 850～950 ℃.
8. according to the described circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that:, guarantee the coal seam after-flame at the bottom in boiler combustion exhausted district bubbling air or oxygen-enriched air.
9. according to the described circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom in the boiler slag-cooling district feeds cold air, and slag is cooled to about 60～200 ℃.With the cold air heating, send into the gas combustion district simultaneously.
10. according to the described circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with a gas combustion district in arch outlet upper end, the fuel gas of being extracted out by the preheating zone forms a high temperature combustion zone with the hot-air mixed combustion that arch is sent here, with imperfect combustion thing at this regional after-flame.
11. according to the described circulating fixed bed burning phase-splitting technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that: at the vertical stagger arrangement of burner hearth arrange relatively secondary wind, tertiary air, four wind, flue gas is laterally rotated, increased the time of staying of flue gas, simultaneously with the thorough after-flame of unburnt combustible at burner hearth.
12. an application rights requires the grate firing boiler of 1 described combustion technology, comprise coal breakage bucket, fire grate, burner hearth, gas combustion district, water-cooling wall, flue, air blast, air exhauster, air-introduced machine, it is characterized in that: form in the preheating zone exhausting the dried of coal sauted, produce water-gas, send into the gas combustion district; On flue, be provided with flue gas loopback air channel, be recycled to the primary zone, the ignition temperature in control primary zone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100476210A CN1945116B (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2006-09-05 | Circulation fixing bed split phase combustion technology |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100476210A CN1945116B (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2006-09-05 | Circulation fixing bed split phase combustion technology |
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| CN1945116A true CN1945116A (en) | 2007-04-11 |
| CN1945116B CN1945116B (en) | 2011-06-08 |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN102089584A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2011-06-08 | 奈科莫博提克公司 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler and method of operation |
| CN102563614A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Pre-combustion mechanical grate decoupling combustion furnace and combustion method for same |
| CN104728830A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-06-24 | 上海卫源节能环保科技有限公司 | Compound recycling low-nitrogen combustion method for chain boiler |
| CN104791772A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-22 | 无锡宇澄环境工程设备有限公司 | Low-nitrogen combustion stokerfeed boiler with two-stage smoke recirculation function |
| CN106122940A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | A kind of operational approach of circulating fixed bed biomass boiler |
| CN109539241A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-29 | 兖矿集团有限公司 | A kind of environmental protection flue gas circulation layer combusting boiler and its processing method |
| CN109578986A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-05 | 兖矿集团有限公司 | A kind of grate firing boiler and its processing method of compound flue gas recirculation |
| CN110252097A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-09-20 | 启明星宇节能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium stone kiln breaks key denitration device and method of denitration |
| CN111457388A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-28 | 西安交通大学 | System and method for co-burning solid hazardous waste and reducing dioxin discharge of chain furnace |
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| CN86102302B (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1988-06-08 | 浙江大学 | Combustion installation for the chain-conveyor furnace |
| CN2291583Y (en) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-09-16 | 济南锅炉厂 | Combined grated |
| CN2692500Y (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2005-04-13 | 余绳鑫 | Reciprocating chain furnace |
| CN2771659Y (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-04-12 | 黄永男 | Device for reutilizing and purifying waste smoke of coal-burning boiler |
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| CN102089584A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2011-06-08 | 奈科莫博提克公司 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler and method of operation |
| CN102563614A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Pre-combustion mechanical grate decoupling combustion furnace and combustion method for same |
| CN104728830A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-06-24 | 上海卫源节能环保科技有限公司 | Compound recycling low-nitrogen combustion method for chain boiler |
| CN104791772A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-22 | 无锡宇澄环境工程设备有限公司 | Low-nitrogen combustion stokerfeed boiler with two-stage smoke recirculation function |
| CN106122940A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | A kind of operational approach of circulating fixed bed biomass boiler |
| CN109539241A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-29 | 兖矿集团有限公司 | A kind of environmental protection flue gas circulation layer combusting boiler and its processing method |
| CN109578986A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-05 | 兖矿集团有限公司 | A kind of grate firing boiler and its processing method of compound flue gas recirculation |
| CN110252097A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-09-20 | 启明星宇节能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium stone kiln breaks key denitration device and method of denitration |
| CN111457388A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-28 | 西安交通大学 | System and method for co-burning solid hazardous waste and reducing dioxin discharge of chain furnace |
| CN111457388B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2022-02-18 | 西安交通大学 | System and method for co-burning solid hazardous waste and reducing dioxin discharge of chain furnace |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1945116B (en) | 2011-06-08 |
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Owner name: SHENYANG GUOHUI SUPPLY HEATING CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LIANMEI INVESTMENT (GROUP) CO., LTD., SHANTOU CITY Effective date: 20070914 |
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Effective date of registration: 20070914 Address after: 110041, 81 Qinghai Road, Yuhong District, Liaoning, Shenyang Applicant after: Shenyang Guohui Heat supply Co., Ltd. Address before: 5 building, No. 27, the Yellow River Road, Shantou, Guangdong, China Applicant before: Shantou Lianmei Investment (Group) Co., Ltd. |
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