Separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig and job practices thereof
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of in construction work, is used for the separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig and the job practices thereof of constructions such as bored pile.
Background technology is present, hole wall collapse causes pile quality problem, mud off to cause problems such as cost increase and environment pollution in the bored pile construction in order to solve, one of technological means that adopts is to use the construction equipment and the job practices of sleeve pipe follow-up, retaining wall pore-forming, and the mode of sleeve pipe follow-up mainly contains three kinds:
1, immersed tube mode, sleeve pipe sinks to underground by hammering, vibration or static pressure;
2, shake the tube side formula, sleeve pipe is shaken one side on one side and is sunk to underground by static pressure;
3, swivelling pipe mode, to lean on static pressure or gravity to pierce underground while sleeve pipe rotates.
Above-mentioned three kinds of modes, from efficiency of construction, quality and environmental protection requirement analysis, the swivelling pipe mode is for having superiority most.With the swivelling pipe mode construct main use following several rig and job practices arranged:
1, single driving type telescoping screw rig: mainly constitute by support machine, drill power head, outer tube and auger stem; Under the driving of drill power head, on one side outer tube and auger stem rotate, an edge support machine column moves downward, the drilling stratum by the spiral leaf casting of auger stem periphery, forms the stake hole, in the stake hole, insert reinforcing cage and concrete perfusion, can be built into the underground foundation stake.
2, double-driving telescoping screw rig: mainly by support machine, outside unit head, inboard unit head, outer tube and auger stem constitute (referring to Figure 15 and Figure 16); Under the driving respectively of outside unit head and inboard unit head, on one side outer tube and auger stem rotate, an edge support machine column moves downward, and the drilling stratum by the spiral leaf casting of auger stem periphery, forms the stake hole; Inboard unit head is extracted auger stem, and outer tube and the disengagement of outside unit head are stayed underground, and behind insertion reinforcing cage and the concrete perfusion, outside unit head is extracted outer tube from underground, promptly finish the underground foundation pile driving construction in outer tube.
The outer tube of above-mentioned two kinds of telescoping screw rigs can rotary drilling, can play the effect that retaining wall prevents hole wall collapse again, but that double-driving telescoping screw rig is more suitable for outer tube is stayed is underground, behind the concrete perfusion again from underground construction technology of extracting outer tube.
Japan Patent: the spy opens flat 9-125854 and China Patent No.: 98120410.4 disclose the technology of similar above-mentioned double-driving telescoping screw rig.
But there is following shortcoming in above-mentioned double-driving telescoping screw drilling rig technique:
Because outer tube and auger stem carry out top drive by unit head, the center of gravity of unit head is higher.It is bigger particularly to work as bore diameter, when boring was dark, the power of corresponding unit head, volume, weight all will increases, the length of outer tube and auger stem will increase, the pile frame column also will increase, and machine gravity will be higher, poor stability is the potential safety hazard in the construction; The security incident of tumbling because of the pile frame unstability all took place both at home and abroad.Though can take to increase the measure of pile frame contact area for improving stability, can gain in weight and manufacturing cost, make the price of complete machine costliness.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of type of drive reasonable, and center of gravity is low, and stability is high, and is safe in utilization, the separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig of low cost of manufacture and job practices thereof.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical proposals:
A kind of separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig comprises: support machine, outside unit head, inboard unit head, the drilling tool that is made of outer tube and auger stem.
Above-mentioned support machine is mainly by the base of traveling on the ground, and the column, elevator unit, operating room and the haulage cable that are arranged on the base constitute.
Above-mentioned outside unit head is mainly by frame movably, is arranged on the frame and the drive unit that contains prime mover, reductor and hollow force-output shaft constitutes; Drill power head hangs on the column of support machine by haulage cable, and can move up and down.
Above-mentioned inboard unit head is mainly by frame movably, is arranged on the frame and the drive unit that contains prime mover, reductor and force-output shaft constitutes; Drill power head hangs on the column of support machine by haulage cable, and can move up and down.
The hollow force-output shaft of the upper end of above-mentioned outer tube and outside unit head is coupled to each other, and outer tube is rotated in its top drive by outside unit head.
The upper end of above-mentioned auger stem and the force-output shaft of inboard unit head are coupled to each other.Auger stem is rotated in its top drive by inboard unit head.
It is characterized in that: described outside unit head can also be provided with clamping device and drive the outer tube rotation in the axial optional position of outer tube except can the top drive outer tube.
The force-output shaft of described inboard unit head can also be the force-output shaft of hollow structure and clamping device is set, and except can the top drive auger stem, can also drive the auger stem rotation in the axial optional position of auger stem by clamping device.
The described drilling tool that is made of outer tube and auger stem is can be according to a kind of way-type drilling unit that uses needs, selects for use suitable drilling tool parts to arrange in pairs or groups arbitrarily and constitute; The drilling tool parts mainly comprise: auger stem, drill bit, telescopic drill rod, sleeve, drill bushing and cutter tip.
Described clamping device is made of the base, governor motion and the grip block that are fixed on outside unit head force-output shaft or the inboard unit head force-output shaft, and by the action of governor motion, grip block can be done axially and displacement radially along the axle center of the relative hollow force-output shaft of base.
Described clamping device can also be to be made of the internal spline dish that is fixed on the unit head hollow force-output shaft.
Use above-mentioned separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig to construct the job practices 1 of underground foundation stake, have following steps:
1. the separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig traveling is to construction location, outside unit head drives outer tube by being rotated counterclockwise by clamping device in the middle part of outer tube, inboard unit head drives auger stem by turning clockwise by clamping device in the middle part of auger stem; 2. outside unit head and inboard unit head moves down simultaneously, and outer tube and auger stem rotate the drilling stratum thereupon, the auger stem casting that makes progress, and drilling is stopped the rotation to desired depth; 3. clamping device is opened, outside unit head and inboard unit head move up simultaneously, outside unit head by clamping device at the top drive outer tube of outer tube by being rotated counterclockwise, inboard unit head by clamping device at the top drive auger stem of auger stem by turning clockwise; 4. outside unit head and inboard unit head moves down simultaneously, and outer tube and auger stem rotate the drilling stratum thereupon, the auger stem casting that makes progress, and drilling is stopped the rotation to desired depth; 5. inboard unit head and auger stem together upwards are promoted to the pile frame top, and the clamping device of outside unit head is opened, and outer tube is stayed underground, and outside unit head upwards is promoted to suitable height; 6. separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig moves a suitable distance on one side, puts into reinforcing cage and concrete perfusion in staying underground periphery brill tube; 7. separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig moves back to original position, and outside unit head moves down, and clamping device cuts out and clamps outer tube; 8. outside unit head and outer tube together upwards promote, and outside unit head moves down again, and clamping device cuts out and clamps outer tube, and outside unit head and outer tube together upwards are promoted to ground; 9. separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig moves to next construction location.The steel concrete of original position drill-pouring promptly becomes the underground foundation stake after a period of time solidifies.
Separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig of the present invention and job practices thereof have following good effect and advantage:
1, according to the present invention, the type of drive of drill power head is reasonable, can select different positions to drive corresponding drilling tool arbitrarily, can adapt to multiple construction technology.
2, according to the present invention, drill power head to drilling tool except that can carrying out top drive, can also be in the drilling tool middle part or lower position drive, can reduce more than 1/2 during the aspect ratio top drive on the relative ground of drill power head, the center of gravity of drill power head reduces, and stability improves.
3, according to the present invention, because drill power head position and center of gravity reduce, the height of support machine column also can reduce, thereby makes the weight of complete machine and center of gravity that significantly reduction all be arranged, and the stability of complete machine and safety are improved.It is bigger particularly to work as bore diameter, and boring has more superiority when dark.
The stability of rig is to be estimated with the size of the formed angle of vertical line by machine gravity by the total centre of gravity position of rig complete machine and a line of tumbling, and the big more stability of angle is high more.(referring to Figure 17 and Figure 18)
When constructing same degree of depth foundation pile (outer tube length is certain), Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of the center of gravity and the stability of prior art rig, and Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of the center of gravity and the stability of rig of the present invention, because β 2>β 1, so the stability of rig of the present invention is better than the prior art rig.
4, according to the present invention, because the stability of complete machine can improve, under the condition that guarantees same stable, the volume of complete machine, weight can reduce, and can reduce manufacturing cost, make price of complete machine cheap.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is embodiments of the invention 1: the front view of separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A.
Fig. 2 is the lateral view of separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the front view of the inboard unit head C of rig A shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is the lateral view of inboard unit head C shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 5 is the front view of the outside unit head D of rig A shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 6 is the lateral view of outside unit head D shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 7 is the I-I sectional drawing of the drive unit 7 of inboard unit head C shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of drive unit 7 shown in Figure 7.
Fig. 9 is the L-L sectional drawing of the drive unit 57 of outside unit head D shown in Figure 3.
Figure 10 is the vertical view of drive unit 57 shown in Figure 9.
Figure 11 is the structure chart that another clamping device 18 is installed on the drive unit 7 of inboard unit head C shown in Figure 3.
Figure 12 be inboard unit head C shown in Figure 11 drive unit 7 on the vertical view of another clamping device 18 is installed.
The front view of Figure 13 separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A shown in Figure 1 top drive state.
The lateral view of Figure 14 separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A shown in Figure 13 top drive state.
Figure 15 is the outline drawing of the double-driving telescoping screw rig of prior art.
Figure 16 is the lateral view of double-driving telescoping screw rig shown in Figure 15.
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of the center of gravity and the Calculation on stability of prior art rig.
Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of the center of gravity and the Calculation on stability of rig of the present invention.
Figure 19 a, Figure 19 b, Figure 19 c, Figure 19 d, Figure 19 e, Figure 10 f, Figure 19 g, Figure 19 h and Figure 19 i are embodiments of the invention 2: use separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A to construct the schematic diagram of the construction method step of underground foundation stake.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14.
A kind of separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A mainly comprises: support machine B, inboard unit head C, outside unit head D and drilling tool E.
Above-mentioned support machine B is mainly by base 1 that can traveling on ground G L, is arranged on the base 1 column 2 perpendicular to ground G L, elevator unit 3a, 3b, and operating room 4 and wire rope 5a, 5b constitute; Also be provided with directive slide track 2a, top pulleys group 2b, auxiliary suspension hook 2c, support bar 2d on the described column 2; Described elevator unit 3a, 3b can drive haulage cable 5a, 5b.
Above-mentioned inboard unit head C is mainly by frame 6 with place the drive unit 7 on the frame 6 to constitute; Also be provided with guide chute 6a and assembly pulley 6b on the described frame 6, frame 6 hangs under the top pulleys group 2b by curling up at the wire rope 5a on the assembly pulley 6b, and be embedded in by guide chute 6a on the directive slide track 2a of column 2, under the traction of the wire rope 5a that hoist engine 3a drives, frame 6 can move up and down along column 2; Described drive unit 7 mainly by be fixed on casing 8, prime mover 9a and 9b on the frame 6, be arranged at planetary reducer 10a and 10b on the casing 8, the driving gear 11a and 11b, driven gear 12, the hollow force-output shaft 13 that is provided with flange 13a and the clamping device 15 that are installed on the force-output shaft of planetary reducer 10a and 10b constitute; Described hollow force-output shaft 13 is the force-output shafts by the rotatable hollow structure of bearing 14a and 14b support, and gear 12 is installed on the hollow force-output shaft 13 and with gear 11a and 11b and meshes, and clamping device 15 is connected with hollow force-output shaft 13 by flange 13a; Under the driving of prime mover 9a and 9b, slow down by planetary reducer 10a and 10b, through gear 11a and 11b and gear 12 engagement transferring power, make hollow force-output shaft 13 and clamping device 15 by selected rotating speed and direction rotation.
Described clamping device 15 is made of base 15a, the governor motion 15b and the grip block 15c that are fixed on the hollow force-output shaft 13; By the action of governor motion 15b, grip block 15c can carry out along the axle center of the relative hollow force-output shaft of base 15a axially and displacement radially, finishes clamping or breakdown action to drilling tool.
Above-mentioned outside unit head D is mainly by frame 56 with place the drive unit 57 on the frame 56 to constitute; Also be provided with guide chute 56a and assembly pulley 56b on the described frame 56, frame 56 hangs under the top pulleys group 2b by curling up at the wire rope 5b on the assembly pulley 56b, and be embedded in by guide chute 56a on the directive slide track 2a of column 2, under the traction of the wire rope 5b that hoist engine 3b drives, frame 56 can move up and down along column 2; Described drive unit 57 mainly by be fixed on casing 58, prime mover 59a and 59b on the frame 56, be arranged at planetary reducer 60a and 60b on the casing 58, the driving gear 61a and 61b, driven gear 62, the hollow force-output shaft 63 that is provided with flange 63a and the clamping device 65 that are installed on the force-output shaft of planetary reducer 60a and 60b constitute; Described hollow force-output shaft 63 is the force-output shafts by the rotatable hollow structure of bearing 64a and 64b support, and gear 62 is installed on the hollow force-output shaft 63 and with gear 61a and 61b and meshes, and clamping device 65 is connected with hollow force-output shaft 63 by flange 63a; Under the driving of prime mover 59a and 59b, slow down by planetary reducer 60a and 60b, through gear 61a and 61b and gear 62 engagement transferring power, use hollow mechanical axis 63 and drive clamping device 65 by selected rotating speed and direction rotation.
Described clamping device 65 is made of base 65a, the governor motion 65b and the grip block 65c that are fixed on the hollow force-output shaft 63, action by governor motion 65b, grip block 65c can carry out along the axle center of the relative hollow force-output shaft of base 65a axially and displacement radially, finishes clamping or breakdown action to drilling tool.
Above-mentioned drilling tool E is made of auger stem 21 and outer tube 22, is can be according to using needs, selects for use suitable drilling tool parts to arrange in pairs or groups arbitrarily and a kind of way-type drilling unit of constituting; The drilling tool parts mainly comprise: auger stem 21a, drill bit 21b, telescopic drill rod 21c, sleeve 22a, drill bushing 22b, cutter tip 22c.
For example: auger stem 21 can be made up of auger stem 21a, drill bit 21b; Also can form by telescopic drill rod 21c, auger stem 21a, drill bit 21b; Can also form by telescopic drill rod 21c, drill bit 21b; Outer tube 22 can be made up of sleeve 22a, drill bushing 22b and cutter tip 22c.The soil-discharging port 22d of plural number can also be set on the sleeve 22a.
Figure 11 and shown in Figure 12 be the embodiment of another clamping device 18: described clamping device 18 is made of the internal spline disk 18a on the hollow force-output shaft 13 that is fixed on inboard unit head C, can give telescopic drill rod 21c with the transmission of power of hollow force-output shaft 13 by internal spline disk 18a, telescopic drill rod 21c is rotated, and by moving axially about the traction work of auxiliary suspension hook 2c.
Embodiment 2: use separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A to construct the job practices of underground foundation stake, have following steps:
With reference to Figure 19 a, Figure 19 b, Figure 19 c, Figure 19 d, Figure 19 e, Figure 10 f, Figure 19 g, Figure 19 h and Figure 19 i.
1. separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A traveling is to construction location, outside unit head D drives outer tube by being rotated counterclockwise by clamping device 65 in the middle part of outer tube 22, inboard unit head C drives auger stem by turning clockwise by clamping device 15 at the position of the upper middle of auger stem 21; 2. outside unit head D and inboard unit head C move down simultaneously, and outer tube 22 and auger stem 21 rotate the drilling stratum thereupon, and auger stem 21 is upwards by soil-discharging port 22d casting, and drilling is stopped the rotation to desired depth; 3. clamping device 65 and 15 is opened, outside unit head D and inboard unit head C move up simultaneously, outside unit head D by clamping device 65 at the top drive outer tube of outer tube 22 by being rotated counterclockwise, inboard unit head C by clamping device 15 at the top drive auger stem of auger stem 21 by turning clockwise; 4. outside unit head D and inboard unit head C move down simultaneously, and outer tube 22 and auger stem 21 rotate the drilling stratum thereupon, and auger stem 21 is upwards by soil-discharging port 22d or outer tube 22 top castings, and drilling is stopped the rotation to desired depth; 5. inboard unit head C and auger stem 21 together upwards are promoted to the pile frame top, and the clamping device 65 of outside unit head D is opened, and outer tube 22 is stayed underground, and outside unit head D upwards is promoted to suitable height; 6. separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A moves a suitable distance on one side, puts into reinforcing cage and concrete perfusion in staying underground outer tube 22; 7. separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A moves back to original position, and outside unit head D moves down, and clamping device 65 cuts out and clamps outer tube 22; 8. outside unit head D and outer tube 22 together upwards are promoted to certain altitude, the clamping device 65 of outside unit head D is opened, outside unit head D moves down again, and clamping device 65 cuts out and clamps outer tube 22, and outside unit head D and outer tube 65 together upwards are promoted to ground; 9. separable driving type sleeve screw drilling rig A moves to next construction location.The steel concrete of original position drill-pouring promptly becomes the underground foundation stake after a period of time solidifies.
In conjunction with the foregoing description, describe the present invention, but do some suitable changes by structure and compound mode to drill power head or drilling tool parts, the details of construction sequence is done some suitable adjustment, just can derive various rig and corresponding construction method thereof within the scope of the invention.
For example: 1.~5. according to the step of the job practices of embodiment 2, after an outer tube and auger stem got into desired depth, continue to connect another root outer tube and auger stem, and the step of the job practices of multiple the foregoing description 2 1.~8., just can construct darker foundation pile under the condition of same height support machine column.