CN1937879A - Digital low power consumption high-precision high voltage generator - Google Patents
Digital low power consumption high-precision high voltage generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1937879A CN1937879A CNA2006100215935A CN200610021593A CN1937879A CN 1937879 A CN1937879 A CN 1937879A CN A2006100215935 A CNA2006100215935 A CN A2006100215935A CN 200610021593 A CN200610021593 A CN 200610021593A CN 1937879 A CN1937879 A CN 1937879A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a technique based on DSP technology of digital low-power, high-precision and high voltage generator, including a high voltage generate circuit 1, steady voltage driving circuit regulators 2, DSP control system 3, current / voltage circuit sampling tube 4, and driven circuit 5. The high voltage circuit provides negative voltage for X-ray tubes, and produces current in the X-ray tubes. Current / voltage sampling circuit 4 samples the voltage / current which is provided to X-ray tube by high voltage circuit 1, and the sampling signal will be transmitted to the DSP control system 3. DSP control system samples the signals using the built-in 10 D synchronous analog-to-digital converter, analysis and processing. Converter Implementation of a high voltage output circuits have a negative high voltage X-ray tube and the current stability testing. Then PWM control signal wave will be output based on the test results, and put it on regulators driving circuit 2 and flow-driven circuit 5, and a closed-loop control circuit will be got, achieving the stability control of X-ray tube voltage and current.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is relevant with the high voltage source generating means, and is relevant in particular for the device that the digital low power consumption high-precision high voltage of low energy X-ray tube takes place.
Background technology
In recent years, because the low energy X ray pipe has plurality of advantages,, particularly usually selectedly be used for the x-ray fluorescence analysis system as the artificial excitation source so it is widely used in every field.When other link of meter systems did not influence, analysis result was subjected to the influence of factors such as the non-artificial adjusting variation, stability of x-ray bombardment amount.And X-ray tube needs the high pressure generator power supply, the stability of the voltage and current of high pressure generator is the stability of decision x-ray bombardment amount directly, also remote-effects final analysis result's confidence level and certainty of measurement, that is to say, the performance quality of high pressure generator determines the quality of X ray, has determined the precision of whole system furtherly.Therefore, must development and the adaptive high stability of high sensitivity xrf analysis instrument, and voltage, the continuously adjustable low energy X ray pipe of electric current high pressure generator.
At present, the medical X-ray pipe high pressure generator power of producing both at home and abroad is big, volume is big, price is high, is not suitable as the power supply of the low energy X ray pipe of continuous operation.Existing low energy high pressure generator adopts the mode of retrace transformer and voltage multiplying rectifier to produce high pressure more, and circuit is complicated, and voltage stabilizing circuit is simple relatively, but is difficult to reach the requirement of analytical instrument to stability.And many voltage stabilizing circuits adopt analogue device more, seldom use the mode of software to realize its function.Therefore, be necessary to develop and the adaptive high stability of high sensitivity xrf analysis instrument voltage, the low energy X ray pipe high pressure generator that electric current is continuously adjustable and volume is little.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of low power consumption high-precision high voltage generator for the stability and the precision of the x-ray bombardment amount that guarantees low energy X-ray tube, the stability of the voltage and current that its produces is high and adjustable continuously, have simultaneously in light weight, volume is little, the reliability advantages of higher.
The present invention is achieved in that
Digital low power consumption high-precision high voltage generator of the present invention comprises circuit for producing high voltage 1, voltage stabilizing drive circuit 2, DSP control system 3, current/voltage sample circuit 4 and pipe stream drive circuit 5.
Circuit for producing high voltage 1 provides negative voltage for the X-ray plumber, in the X-ray pipe, produce electric current, the voltage/current that 4 pairs of circuit for producing high voltage 1 of current/voltage sample circuit offer the X-ray pipe is sampled, and sampled signal flowed to DSP control system 3, utilize 10 built-in bit synchronization A/D converters of DSP control system to signal sampling, and analyze and handle, realized the negative high voltage of circuit for producing high voltage 1 output and the stability of X-ray tube current are detected, export corresponding PWM wave control signal according to testing result again, add to voltage stabilizing drive circuit 2 and pipe stream drive circuit 5, so just constituted a close loop control circuit, realized stable control X fluorescent tube voltage and current.
Circuit for producing high voltage 1 is made up of multivibrator, field effect transistor (FET) Q1 and retrace transformer (FBT) T1 etc., it is the square wave (duty ratio 50%) of 18KHz that multivibrator produces frequency, for power device (field effect transistor) provides the switch control impuls, and by power device excitation retrace transformer (FBT), FBT output negative high voltage is to the filament (plus earth of X-ray tube) of X-ray tube.
Voltage stabilizing drive circuit 2 to be regulated output voltage on a large scale (0～30KV) requirement, the mode that has adopted closed loop circuit to adjust the elementary winding driving power of retrace transformer (FBT) voltage realizes, to reach the purpose of stable output high pressure in order to satisfy.
In the current/voltage sample circuit 4, voltage sampling signal obtains through dividing potential drop from the high-pressure sampling circuit, current sampling signal obtains from the current sampling resistor that seals in the retrace transformer secondary winding, because the high impedance of sample resistance has weakened the load capacity of sampled signal, so need and to send into DSP control system 3 after the sampled signal impedance conversion.
Pipe stream drive circuit 5 is by removing to control filament inverter T2 by 3 outputs of DSP control system and PWM1 and PWM2 ripple after level conversion through switching tube Q2 and Q3, and excitation filament inverter T2 provides the high frequency stabling current of modulation for the X fluorescent tube.
Low power consumption high-precision high voltage generator of the present invention, produce the method for high pressure and DSP closed-loop control realization voltage stabilizing based on retrace transformer, the voltage that its produces, the stability of electric current all improve greatly and are adjustable continuously, have simultaneously in light weight, volume is little, the reliability advantages of higher.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is circuit for producing high voltage figure.
Fig. 3 is voltage stabilizing drive circuit figure.
Fig. 4 is a DSP control system circuit diagram.
Fig. 5 is a dsp chip interrupt handling routine flow chart.
Fig. 6 is current/voltage sample circuit figure.
Fig. 7 is pipe stream drive circuit figure.
Embodiment
1, circuit for producing high voltage 1
Circuit for producing high voltage such as Fig. 2 are made up of multivibrator, field effect transistor (FET) Q1 and retrace transformer (FBT) T1 etc.By 555 timer U1 and R1, R2, C5, the multivibrator output frequency that C6 constitutes is the rectangular pulse of 18KHz (duty ratio about 50%), drives the Q1 turn-on and turn-off.When the Q1 conducting, input voltage is added on the elementary winding of T1, and secondary winding will induce voltage.When Q1 by the time, the moment that disconnects the magnetic field energy that stores of elementary winding will discharge and produce very high back-emf, i.e. flyback voltage V1, magnitude of voltage can be by formula
Calculate.Wherein L is the inductance value of magnetic core,
Be current changing rate, it is opposite with the initial voltage direction that negative sign is represented.The width T of switching pulse
OnShould be adaptive with the energy storage time of T1, make winding obtain enough excitations and be unlikely to make the T1 magnetic saturation again, so just can obtain high efficiency flyback voltage.Pulse width T
OnCan be by formula T
On=(R1+R2)
*C1
*Ln2 obtains, usually T
OnShould be less than T/2, T is the switch periods of Q1.
Secondary winding is according to the turn ratio of primary and secondary winding
Then induce higher flyback pulse voltage V
0, with elementary flyback voltage V
1The pass be
The flyback pulse voltage that secondary winding induces is exported negative direct current high voltage after rectification, filtering.This high pressure producing method has been given up parts such as voltage multiplying rectifier, elementary driving amplification, and circuit structure is simple, realize than be easier to, the reliability height.
2, the voltage stabilizing drive circuit 2
For regulating output voltage (0～30KV) requirement on a large scale, the mode of control of linear Integrated pressurizer or pulse-width modulation (PWM) is difficult to accomplish to realize the high pressure output of high stability, so the mode that has adopted closed loop circuit to adjust the elementary winding driving power of FBT voltage realizes, to reach the purpose of stable output high pressure.
As Fig. 3, by R12, R13, the circuit that D1 and Q4 constitute strengthens the driving force of the PWM3 ripple of DSP control system output, drives P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q5 to inductance L 1 charging, and the duty ratio of regulating the PWM3 ripple is the make-and-break time of scalable Q5, thereby change the charging interval of inductance L 1, be charging current, so just can change, the discharge loop that resistance R 15 and sustained diode 2 constitute inductance L 1 through capacitor C 10 filtered output voltage C.Hold the voltage of output to add to the elementary winding of T1 by C, this voltage changes, and the negative high voltage of secondary output is changed thereupon.Thereby just can control the negative high voltage of the secondary output of T1 according to the duty ratio that the PWM3 ripple is adjusted in the change of feedback voltage sampling value.
3, the DSP control system 3
TMS320LF2407 is that TI company aims at digital motor control and the digital signal processor of new generation of design, adopt the static CMOS technology of high-performance, voltage is reduced to 3.3V from 5V, reduced power consumption, have low cost, low-power consumption, high performance disposal ability, and instruction execution speed brings up to 40MIPS, and nearly all instruction all can be finished in the monocycle of 25ns.TMS320LF 2407 is integrated 2 universal counters on chip piece, can work alone synchronously or separately.The comparand register of 2 counters unites that use can be finished comparing function or as the waveshape generating device of PWM.
3 full comparing units can generate 3 groups (6 tunnel) independent PWM ripple; 2 road ripples can be generated by universal counter in addition.Data/program RAM up to the FLASH of 32K word * 16,2.5K word * 16 on the sheet; Two task manager module EVA and EVB.Each EVM module comprises 2 16 general purpose timers; 8 16 pulse-width modulation (PWM) passage can support to produce asymmetrical and symmetrical PWM waveform; The control of programmable PWM dead band; 3 capturing units that outside event timing is caught; Synchronous AD controller; The IO space of 64K program, 64K data and 64K; 10 16 passage ADC transducers.The PWM characteristic of DSP has: 16 bit registers; Have from 0 to 16 μ s dead band able to programme generator control PWM output right, minimum skip distance is 1 cpu clock cycle; Can change the carrier frequency of PWM as required; At each PWM in the cycle and the width that can change pwm pulse afterwards as required; Outside maskable power drive protection interrupts; The comparison of automatic heavy cartridges and the burden minimum that period register makes CPU.
Fig. 4 is a DSP control system circuit diagram, and this system has extended out a slice sram chip U7, makes dsp system can handle bigger operand.GAL chip U6 is used for the memory space that DSP extends out is configured, and can be configured as the data space or the program space to the SRAM that extends out by the programming to GAL, is convenient to in-circuit emulation and debugging.In this system, SRAM is configured to data space.Because the DSP output signal level is 3.3V, and pipe stream drive circuit needs the level of 5V to promote.So the output at DSP has increased the level shifting circuit that is made of chip U5 (SN74LVC4245).
Deliver to AD sample port ADC1 and the ADC2 of DSP behind voltage sampling and the buffering drive circuit of current sampling signal process by two amplifier TLC4501 (U3, U4 as shown in Figure 4) formation.As previously mentioned, current sampling value i
αThe electric current that comprises load current i (i.e. pipe stream) and voltage sample circuit, and the voltage sample circuit consumed current can be obtained by the value of sampling voltage value divided by resistance R 6, therefore, pipe stream i is according to formula
Can obtain.i
aAll realize with the computing of i by DSP.Start the AD sampling indirectly by timer, its sample frequency is by the initial value decision of timer, and frequency setting is 1KHz.
We utilize the event manager module EVA of TMS320F2407 chip to produce the PWM ripple of two-way phase phasic difference 180 degree, export by PWM1 and the PWWM2 pin of DSP respectively, delivering to pipe stream drive part regulates the pipe stream of X fluorescent tube, the general purpose timer 1 that this PWM increases by being operated in continuously/subtracts under the count mode wave period decides, the PW wave frequency of control valve stream is set to 50KHz, the duty ratio of regulating the two-way PW ripple of output by the value that changes comparand register CMPR1.The PWM3 ripple of another road control X fluorescent tube voltage is produced by event manager module EVB, and the timer 3 that this PWM increases by being operated in continuously/subtracts count mode under wave period determines.This road PWM wave frequency is set at 20KHz.
Interrupt handling routine flow chart such as Fig. 5 of dsp chip.After DSP starts the main body circulation of going forward side by side, whenever enter ADC and interrupt DSP and just obtain the voltage sampling signal v that sends into from ADC1 and ADC2 port
vWith current sampling signal v
i, and from the setting voltage V of ADC3 and ADC4 port input
vWith setting electric current V
i, DSP obtains X fluorescent tube pipe pressure value v, pipe flow valuve i, setting voltage V and sets electric current I after the corresponding operation processing through four road signals that obtain are carried out.
Through the voltage sampling value v that obtains after the DSP calculation process
vCompare with the magnitude of voltage V that sets, adjust the value of the comparand register CMPR1 of DSP accordingly according to result relatively, the frequency that changes output is the duty ratio of the PWM3 ripple of 20KHz, deliver to the voltage of 2 couples of retrace transformer T1 of voltage stabilizing drive circuit primary coil and regulate, thereby realization is to the adjusting of X fluorescent tube negative high voltage.
In like manner, the current value i that obtains after the DSP calculation process compares with the current value I of setting, adjust the value of the comparand register CMPR3 of DSP accordingly according to result relatively, thereby change the duty ratio of the two-way PWM ripple of output, the phase difference of two-way PWM ripple PWM1 and PWM2 is 180 degree, and frequency is 50kHz.Be sent to PWM1 and PWM2 in the pipe stream Drive and Control Circuit 5, can realize the adjusting that the fluorescent tube pipe is flowed by the duty ratio that changes two-way PWM ripple.
4, the current/voltage sample circuit 4
As shown in Figure 6, the flyback pulse voltage that the secondary winding of T1 induces is exported negative direct current high voltage after silicon stack D3 rectification, C7 filtering, adds to X fluorescent tube U2.The voltage sampling mode adopts by precision, higher high-tension resistive R5 and the R6 of resistance and constitutes resistance pressure-dividing network, and sampled signal is sent into DSP after driving ADC1 port carries out the AD conversion, obtains sampling voltage v
v, can be by formula
Calculate the magnitude of voltage v at X fluorescent tube two ends, the voltage of the elementary winding of T1 is regulated, thereby realization is to the control of X fluorescent tube voltage according to the deviation of v value and fiducial value.
In the secondary winding loop of T1, seal in a precision resistance R8 as shunt, measure its both end voltage v
i, by formula
Can draw sampling current i
aBecause i
aThe electric current that comprises load current i (i.e. pipe stream) and voltage sample circuit, and design only need be asked the electric current that flows through load X fluorescent tube U2, so also need from i
aThe middle voltage sample circuit institute consumed current of deducting promptly gets the current value i that the X fluorescent tube flows through.
5, pipe stream drive circuit 5
The principle of pipe current control is by removing to control filament inverter T2 by DSP output and PWM1 and PWM2 ripple after level conversion through switching tube Q2 and Q3, encouraging filament inverter T2 that the high frequency stabling current of modulation is provided for the X fluorescent tube.As Fig. 7, its process is: PWM2 is a low level when PWM1 is high level, Q2 conducting Q3 is ended, the top winding conducting of filament inverter T2, and PWM1 is a low level when PWM2 is high level, and Q3 conducting Q2 is ended, the lower part winding conducting of filament inverter T2, thereby at the voltage of the secondary generation alternation of filament inverter T2, for the X fluorescent tube provides the high frequency stabling current.
The utilization effect
In sum, to the high voltage source of small-power (general 30W is following), use retrace transformer generation high pressure and DSP closed-loop control and realize that the method for voltage stabilizing is effective and feasible.All improve greatly based on the output voltage of the low-power high pressure generator of this method development, the stability of electric current, and have in light weight, volume is little, the reliability advantages of higher.Prove through on-the-spot long-term use, disposed the overall performance of xrf analysis instrument of this high pressure generator and precision, the confidence level of analysis result and all further be improved, be subjected to the consistent of user and approve.
Claims (6)
1, the present invention relates to a kind of technical method of the digital low power consumption high-precision high voltage generator based on the DSP technology, comprise circuit for producing high voltage 1, voltage stabilizing drive circuit 2, DSP control system 3, current/voltage sample circuit 4 and pipe stream drive circuit 5.Circuit for producing high voltage 1 provides negative voltage for the X-ray plumber, in the X-ray pipe, produce electric current, the voltage/current that 4 pairs of circuit for producing high voltage 1 of current/voltage sample circuit offer the X-ray pipe is sampled, and sampled signal flowed to DSP control system 3, utilize 10 built-in bit synchronization A/D converters of DSP control system to signal sampling, and analyze and handle, realized the negative high voltage of circuit for producing high voltage 1 output and the stability of X-ray tube current are detected, export corresponding PWM wave control signal according to testing result again, add to voltage stabilizing drive circuit 2 and pipe stream drive circuit 5, so just constituted a close loop control circuit, realized stable control X fluorescent tube voltage and current.
2, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that circuit for producing high voltage 1 is made up of multivibrator, field effect transistor (FET) Q1 and retrace transformer (FBT) T1 etc., it is the square wave (duty ratio 50%) of 18KHz that multivibrator produces frequency, for power device (field effect transistor) provides the switch control impuls, and by power device excitation retrace transformer (FBT), FBT output negative high voltage is to the filament (plus earth of X-ray tube) of X-ray tube.
3, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that voltage stabilizing drive circuit 2 to regulate output voltage on a large scale (0～30KV) requirement, the mode that has adopted closed loop circuit to adjust the elementary winding driving power of retrace transformer (FBT) voltage realize, to reach the purpose of stable output high pressure in order to satisfy.
4, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that DSP control system 3 adopts dsp chip TMS320LF2407, have low cost, low-power consumption, high performance disposal ability, the sampled signal of voltage sampling and current sampling circuit 4 is through amplifier chip TLC4501, deliver to AD sample port ADC1 and the ADC2 of DSP, utilize the event manager module EVA of TMS320F2407 chip to produce the PWM ripple that two-way phase phasic difference 180 is spent, respectively by the PWM1 of DSP and the output of PWM2 pin, deliver to pipe stream drive circuit 5 minutes the pipe stream of X fluorescent tube is regulated.
5, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the current/voltage sample circuit 4, voltage sampling signal obtains through dividing potential drop from the high-pressure sampling circuit, current sampling signal obtains from the current sampling resistor that seals in the retrace transformer secondary winding, because the high impedance of sample resistance has weakened the load capacity of sampled signal, so need and to send into DSP control system 3 after the sampled signal impedance conversion.
6, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that managing stream drive circuit 5 by removing to control filament inverter T2 by 3 outputs of DSP control system and PWM1 and PWM2 ripple after level conversion through switching tube Q2 and Q3, excitation filament inverter T2 provides the high frequency stabling current of modulation for the X fluorescent tube.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101203085B (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2011-08-10 | 杨扬 | X ray high frequency high voltage generator for medical use diagnose |
| CN103260325A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-21 | 南京普爱射线影像设备有限公司 | Power source device for dental machine grid-control cold cathode X-ray tube |
| CN104470174A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-03-25 | 丹东华日理学电气股份有限公司 | Digitalized high voltage power source for movable high-frequency X-ray machine |
| CN105792494A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 | Voltage control apparatus, ray tube apparatus and voltage control method |
| CN106686874A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州普拉斯玛精密科技有限公司 | Plasma dielectric barrier discharging circuit |
| CN108964468A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2018-12-07 | 苏州泰思特电子科技有限公司 | High pressure generator for multiple voltage grade |
| CN110381658A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-25 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of control method and device of high pressure generator, Medical Instruments |
-
2006
- 2006-08-14 CN CNA2006100215935A patent/CN1937879A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101203085B (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2011-08-10 | 杨扬 | X ray high frequency high voltage generator for medical use diagnose |
| CN103260325A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-21 | 南京普爱射线影像设备有限公司 | Power source device for dental machine grid-control cold cathode X-ray tube |
| CN105792494A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 | Voltage control apparatus, ray tube apparatus and voltage control method |
| CN105792494B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2018-03-23 | 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 | Voltage-operated device, ray tube apparatus and voltage control method |
| CN104470174A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-03-25 | 丹东华日理学电气股份有限公司 | Digitalized high voltage power source for movable high-frequency X-ray machine |
| CN108964468A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2018-12-07 | 苏州泰思特电子科技有限公司 | High pressure generator for multiple voltage grade |
| CN108964468B (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2020-07-17 | 苏州泰思特电子科技有限公司 | High voltage generator for multiple voltage classes |
| CN106686874A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州普拉斯玛精密科技有限公司 | Plasma dielectric barrier discharging circuit |
| CN110381658A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-25 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of control method and device of high pressure generator, Medical Instruments |
| CN110381658B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-01-01 | 上海联影医疗科技股份有限公司 | Control method and device of high-voltage generator and medical instrument |
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