CN1933950B - 制备具有至少一个可重新定位粘合表面的加强料的方法以及由此获得的加强料 - Google Patents

制备具有至少一个可重新定位粘合表面的加强料的方法以及由此获得的加强料 Download PDF

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CN1933950B
CN1933950B CN2005800085174A CN200580008517A CN1933950B CN 1933950 B CN1933950 B CN 1933950B CN 2005800085174 A CN2005800085174 A CN 2005800085174A CN 200580008517 A CN200580008517 A CN 200580008517A CN 1933950 B CN1933950 B CN 1933950B
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T·克莱西
F·皮南
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • B29C70/541Positioning reinforcements in a mould, e.g. using clamping means for the reinforcement
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00Making preforms
    • B29B11/14Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B11/16Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • B29C70/543Fixing the position or configuration of fibrous reinforcements before or during moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284Application of adhesive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
    • B29C70/48Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207Heat-activated adhesive
    • B32B2037/1215Hot-melt adhesive
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/30Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier
    • C09J2301/302Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier the adhesive being pressure-sensitive, i.e. tacky at temperatures inferior to 30°C
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/30Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier
    • C09J2301/304Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier the adhesive being heat-activatable, i.e. not tacky at temperatures inferior to 30°C
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/14Layer or component removable to expose adhesive

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的涉及制备尤其适用于埋入至少一种基质中的纤维基加强料的方法,其特征在于,所述的方法在于进行下列步骤:制备纤维基材料,以及在这样所得材料的至少一个表面上沉积可重新定位胶水。本发明还涉及所得的加强料。

Description

制备具有至少一个可重新定位粘合表面的加强料的方法以及由此获得的加强料
本发明涉及用于制备具有至少一个粘合表面以可重新定位的加强料的方法。
本发明还包含由此获得的加强料。
在非常大量涉及运动的应用中,基于一种或几种被埋入基质或基质混合物中的加强料的复合材料的制备越来越多地用于制备工业零件,例如车辆部件。
有几种方法用于制备这样的零件。一种给出用于解释现有技术以及本发明兴趣的已知方法在于:通过在两部分模具即作为下半部的阴模以及作为上半部的阳模内注射,而使零件被模制成与阴模相匹配的接合形状并确保零件成形。
第一步骤在于将纤维-基材料的零件放入模具中。这些纤维基材料有各种各样的选择:玻璃纤维因其具有良好的力学性质及其有吸引力的价格而被广泛使用,而碳或芳族聚酰胺纤维则由于它们优异的力学性质而被广泛使用。
在下面的描述中,纤维不仅表示纤维或制成的纤丝,比如玻璃丝或玻璃纤维,而且表示所有合成或天然起源的纤丝及其混合物。
这些材料随所需力学性质或所需最终表面条件(只列举这些参数)而变,通常是无纺的,由一层或几层叠加层制成。
这些无纺材料的制备易受影响,因此纤维的定位、取向、长度和直径也都是要控制的参数。
这些参数还与模制的性质和树脂种类有关。一旦将这些纤维基材料的零件放置在模具内,通常是容纳在阴模中,就决定这个模具的阳模的位置,并且通常就在几个经过仔细选择的点上,注入树脂,所述的树脂通过流过纤维而将其本身分散在模具中,这根据所需要的生产模式。纤维参数和树脂参数之间也存在相互影响,这些相互影响必定包含起因于将制备零件的外形的相互影响。
第一个问题是能够用形成加强料的纤维-基材料覆盖模具的阴模,当所述纤维-基材料较稠或浓时,较不易于成形,甚至组装不那么坚固。因此,材料不仅难于与模具的几何形状、尤其是阴模的几何形状匹配,而且更难于与阳模匹配,因而导致切断纤维基材料的零件的精确定位较差,导致一旦所引入的树脂聚合就可发现的错误定位。
这种生产并没有所描述的那样简单,原因是制备的零件越来越复杂。事实上,在某些位置需要增强件。这些增强件是这样制备的:在一个区域并且根据适当且精确的几何形状,将几层相同的纤维基材料或另一种材料叠加。
这使得原来的问题变得更糟,原因是它需要根据所给的几何形状成型这种组件总厚度相当大的增强件。
当这种零件具有更小的尺寸时,对于操作者而言,难于成型这种增强件零件的边缘。
而且,这种零件没有被任何元件固定,并且在某些情况下,它可以在模具元件移动时或者在树脂加压下的流动作用之下移动,因而导致在不需要之处出现增强件而在需要之处则缺乏增强件。这样,整个零件就被废弃。
在其它情况下,增强件或零件优选必需位于阳模上而不管已知纤维基材料,但这种情况是不可能的,原因是增强件或零件在重力影响之下下落。
事实上,为了克服这种缺陷,操作者使用胶水的气溶胶喷射罐来固定零件。首先,这种办法的可行性较小,原因是胶水粘附太慢,使得操作时间长,或者如果快速且最终的,则妨碍了任何因定位错误所带来的重新定位。
还要指出的是,在工业介质中使用气溶胶是有麻烦的,它是受特别法律控制的,而且这种使用的成本也是不能忽视的。
本发明的目的是用于制备纤维基加强料的方法,所述的加强料例如为无纺材料毡的形式,本发明尤其是通过允许精确的定位,必要时的不仅定位而且重新定位,使本方法克服了现有产品的缺陷,同时使成本可以接受。
本发明还包含所得产品。
下面的描述可以更好地理解本发明,它是通过实施方案的非限制性实例进行说明的。
本方法在于:制备纤维基加强料,在所获得加强料的至少一个表面上放置可重新定位胶水,以及将可除去的隔离片压制在已接收所述可重新定位胶水层的表面上。
然后,该片材可以被切断并堆叠,或更通常是被卷起。
可重新定位的胶水是以这样的适当方式选择的:通过调节胶水的力学性质并使得它在不产生污染的情况下与所使用树脂相匹配。
因此,绝对需要的是,通过改性最终产品的特性、通过限定纤维和构成最终产品基质的一种或多种树脂的连接,使胶水不引起树脂的污染。
对于这种加强料,所论述的力学参数更具体是粘附力,也称作“粘性”、耐分层性、耐扯掉性以及作为温度函数的特性的变量。
这种胶水优选通过喷射沉积在生产这种加强料的出口上。优选地,胶水选自“热熔”胶,以便可以几乎瞬间设置在纤维表面上,因而能够将作为隔离片的例如合适的纸片叠放在其上。而且,热熔胶不包含溶剂。所述纸的性质必需允许在没有将增强件的纤维拔出的情况下并且在不损害增强件的情况下将其除去。
对于操作者可以极大地简化了这样制备的加强料的使用。
因此,操作者将加强料增强件与隔离片切断,并且可以例如在没有损害增强件的情况下调节这种在模具的阴模中或在阳模上的增强件,所述增强件由纸保持了它的原有尺寸。
在除去隔离片之后,操作者可以将切断的零件放置在相同的方向上,也就是,在负载胶水的表面相对于阴模或阳模的方向上。加强料零件以最好的方式紧握这种底部,原因是形状相匹配,因而没有改变增强件的结构,而且操作者享受到了加强料的全部挠性,不会受到已经被除去的隔离片的阻碍。
在具有根据本发明的加强料的配置中,增强件的厚度其表面上全部得到保持,原因是在该表面被固定,而没有出现对共同构成加强料的纤维的粘附,所述的粘附可能导致在某些地方厚度下降。因此,胶水只存在于该表面上。
在曲率尖锐的区域将不再存在错误的定位。类似地,由于在切断过程中,增强件没有被操作者拉长,甚至也没有被操作者无意的拉长,因此零件可被更好地调节。因此,在讨论述的区域内总是存在理想量的纤维。
如果零件大或复杂并且其定位易受影响,则胶水的可重新定位性质允许用于重新定位的零件的部分或全部除去。
在树脂注射且其流过纤维的过程中,零件不可能移动。
根据本发明的方法制备的产品是所关心的,尤其是当操作者需要定位增强件时。因此,他可以直接在具有隔离片的加强料内切断增强件并调节,所述隔离片随几何形状而变制备。这个操作一旦完成,则增强件就准备好了,它能够离开隔离片,并且能够将这个增强件定位在已经在适当位置且优选被调节的主要零件上。该增强件利用它的有可重新定位胶水的表面相对于构成主要零件的材料的无胶水表面放置。
因此,即使曲率的半径小或者如果构成增强件的材料具有更小的挠性,该增强件也被保持在主要零件的适当位置上。胶水的注射并且胶水的流动不能改变这种增强件在主要零件上的位置。
类似地,如果增强件没有被安置在主要零件上,但必须位于模具的阳模上,则可以提供这样使用增强件:用它带有可重新定位胶水的表面面对阳模,因而不管重力如何,增强件都可保留在原地。
根据本发明的方法所得产品的一种具体用途是用于插入件。
已知的是,为了工业零件在载体上的稳当性或者另一方面,为了在装备之后接受元件,工业零件提供有插入件。
因此,这些插入件必须预先放置。这些外形通常与使覆盖操作完美的锐角或小半径的曲线相匹配。
如果零件被切断并提供有可重新定位胶水,则即使在树脂聚合之后,也可以使增强件粘附到插入件的所有表面上,该插入件以合适方式埋入并且具有最好的力学性质。
插入件还可以具有不同的性质,特别是,可以是必须在精确点埋入的发泡芯材。根据本发明具有调节的悬垂性(drapage)的产品也非常适合,它的使用与金属插入件的使用相同。
这样的芯材甚至可以伸出到具有一层或几层的模具之外,然后返回到模具内的适当位置,因此,可以在工业以及财政上节约大量且可观的时间。
根据本发明,提供有本方法的辅助步骤,该步骤在于,将可重新定位胶水沉积在纤维基加强料的上表面上。
由于这样,切断的零件可以粘附到两个表面上。在插入件或发泡芯材的情况下,插入件或芯材的区域伸出,于是将这样伸出的插入件或芯材插入,这种情况仍然还要相对于模具内的正确位置进行按压。
试验表明,对于耐115℃温度的热熔性有机橡胶胶水,达到每平方米几克的程度时,胶水的减少量必需适用于玻璃纤维的增强件,所述玻璃纤维增强件具有0.1 mm至10 mm的厚度以及10 g/m2至5,000 g/m2的密度。

Claims (5)

1.用于制备纤维基加强料的方法,所述纤维基加强料适用于被埋入基质或基质混合物中,其特征在于,所述方法在于进行下列步骤:
-制备纤维基材料,以及
-在这样所得材料的至少一个表面上沉积可重新定位胶水,所述可重新定位胶水在没有引起污染的情况下与所使用的基质相匹配并且选自不含溶剂的热熔胶。
2.根据权利要求1的用于制备纤维基加强料的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括辅助步骤,所述辅助步骤是将可除去的隔离片放置在已接收所述可重新定位胶水层的表面上。
3.根据权利要求2的用于制备纤维基加强料的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括将具有所述可除去的隔离片的纤维基加强料切断成片材或卷起的步骤。
4.根据权利要求1或2的用于制备纤维基加强料的方法,其特征在于,将所述可重新定位的胶水通过喷射施用在生产纤维基加强料的出口。
5.根据权利要求1到4中任何一项的方法获得的纤维基加强料,所述纤维基加强料适用于被埋在至少一种基质中。
CN2005800085174A 2004-01-22 2005-01-21 制备具有至少一个可重新定位粘合表面的加强料的方法以及由此获得的加强料 Expired - Fee Related CN1933950B (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0450119 2004-01-22
FR0450119A FR2865431B1 (fr) 2004-01-22 2004-01-22 Procede de fabrication d'une armature disposant d'au moins une face adhesive de facon repositionnable et armature obtenue
PCT/FR2005/050037 WO2005075168A1 (fr) 2004-01-22 2005-01-21 Procede de fabrication d'une armature disposant d'au moins une face adhesive de facon repositionnable et armature obtenue

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CN1933950A CN1933950A (zh) 2007-03-21
CN1933950B true CN1933950B (zh) 2011-04-13

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RU2646218C1 (ru) * 2011-12-30 2018-03-02 Сайтек Текнолоджи Корп. Удаляемый слой, способ подготовки поверхности и связывания композитных структур с его применением
EP2812393B1 (en) 2012-02-06 2023-07-12 Westlake Epoxy Inc. Epoxy resin formulations for textiles, mats and other fibrous reinforcements for composite applications
EP2623561A1 (en) 2012-02-06 2013-08-07 Momentive Specialty Chemicals Research Belgium S.A. Epoxy resin formulations for textiles, mats and other fibrous reinforcements for composite applications
US11173634B2 (en) 2018-02-01 2021-11-16 Ina Acquisition Corp Electromagnetic radiation curable pipe liner and method of making and installing the same
US10704728B2 (en) 2018-03-20 2020-07-07 Ina Acquisition Corp. Pipe liner and method of making same
FR3107002B1 (fr) 2020-02-10 2024-03-01 Saertex France Procede de realisation d'une ame conformable pour la fabrication de produits en materiaux composites, ame conformable obtenue

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JP2007528305A (ja) 2007-10-11
FR2865431B1 (fr) 2006-06-09
CA2553835A1 (fr) 2005-08-18
AU2005210188A1 (en) 2005-08-18
ES2376103T3 (es) 2012-03-09
RU2006130301A (ru) 2008-02-27
FR2865431A1 (fr) 2005-07-29
DE05717681T1 (de) 2009-02-26
BRPI0506501A (pt) 2007-02-27
JP4925833B2 (ja) 2012-05-09
CA2553835C (fr) 2013-01-08
AU2005210188B2 (en) 2010-05-06
US20070163707A1 (en) 2007-07-19
SI1781455T1 (sl) 2012-04-30
RU2362675C2 (ru) 2009-07-27
ZA200606005B (en) 2007-12-27
CN1933950A (zh) 2007-03-21
DK1781455T3 (da) 2012-02-20
US9579854B2 (en) 2017-02-28
PL1781455T3 (pl) 2012-08-31
WO2005075168A1 (fr) 2005-08-18
ATE530315T1 (de) 2011-11-15
EP1781455A1 (fr) 2007-05-09
PT1781455E (pt) 2012-02-01
EP1781455B1 (fr) 2011-10-26
NO20063362L (no) 2006-08-22

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