CN1932428A - Heat transfer tube for LNG vaporizer, its production method, and LNG vaporizer using such heat transfer tubes - Google Patents
Heat transfer tube for LNG vaporizer, its production method, and LNG vaporizer using such heat transfer tubes Download PDFInfo
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- CN1932428A CN1932428A CNA2006101536505A CN200610153650A CN1932428A CN 1932428 A CN1932428 A CN 1932428A CN A2006101536505 A CNA2006101536505 A CN A2006101536505A CN 200610153650 A CN200610153650 A CN 200610153650A CN 1932428 A CN1932428 A CN 1932428A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
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Abstract
A heat transfer tube for an LNG vaporizer in which damage in the surface of the Al alloy substrate by corrosion is effectively prevented even when it is used in the lower portion of the panel or in the lower header where the surface is vigorously cooled and formation of the oxide coating is less likely to take place. This heat transfer tube is used in an LNG vaporizer equipped with an Al alloy panel unit including a panel composed of a plurality of heat transfer tubes arranged in a row in the form of a curtain, and a lower header and an upper header respectively connected to the panel at its lower end portion and its upper end port ion; wherein the LNG is vaporized by heat exchange between seawater flowing down along the surface of the panel from the upper end portion of the panel unit and the LNG flowing through theheattransfertubes. In this LNG vaporizer, the outer surface of the heat transfer tube at least in the lower end portion of the panel and the outer surface of the lower head are subjected to surface roughening by blasting, and then, a coating of an Al-Mg alloy containing Mg at a content in the range of 1 to 80% by mass, and having a thickness of 100 to 1000 m was formed by thermal spraying to realize protection by sacrificial corrosion. Formation as the corrosion protective of an A1 alloy coating containing Zn and/or Mn at a content in the range of 0.3 to 3.0% by mass with the proviso that the content of (Zn + Mn) is in the range of 0.3 to 3.0% by mass and containing Mg at a content in the range of 0. 3 to 5% by mass is also effective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to have LNG (liquefied natural gas) vaporizer of excellent corrosion resistance with heat-transfer pipe with by using the LNG vaporizer of this heat-transfer pipe manufacturing.
Background technology
The liquid that liquefied natural gas (hereinafter referred to as LNG) forms down with low temperature and high pressure usually transports and stores and vaporization before use.For this vaporization, use a kind of open-shelf vaporizer (hereinafter referred to as ORV) usually, because ORV can make a large amount of LNG vaporizations.Fig. 1 has shown a kind of typical ORV, and as shown in the drawing, and ORV is a kind of like this heat exchanger, wherein LNG be by and seawater between heat exchange heat with the vaporization (for example, seeing patent document 1).Seawater enters from seawater collector 6, and the nozzle 7 of flowing through is to store in groove 8.The seawater that flows out from the edge of groove 8 flows down along the outer surface of the panel 3 that is made of the heat-transfer pipe 3a that is positioned to a row with the curtain formula, makes the outer surface of heat-transfer pipe 3a become wet.Simultaneously, LNG enter LNG manifold 1 and the lower end that is connected to panel 3 of flowing through on lower collector pipe 2, this LNG by and seawater between heat exchange be heated.LNG vaporizes in every heat-transfer pipe 3a of panel 3 then, and vaporized natural gas (NG) upwards flows through heat-transfer pipe 3a to collector 4 and 4, and flows to NG manifold 5.
The material that is used to constitute the heat-transfer pipe 3a of panel 3 should have gratifying thermal conductivity and high permission this materials processing is become the machinability of the required complex appearance of panel 3, and aluminium alloy typically is used for heat-transfer pipe.Yet, aluminium alloy corrosion-vulnerable in being dipped into seawater time the, and in case pitting may take place in the corrosion beginning, thus wherein corrosion focusing on the part that is corroded and produces hole.Therefore, the corrosion protection that is dipped into the aluminium alloy that uses in the application of seawater at alloy has been handled and carried out extensive studies, and the most current present anti-corrosion treatment is to use the anti-corrosion treatment of sacrificial etched protection.Above-mentioned patent document 1 discloses a kind of corrosion protection; wherein will be than being used for LNG from the aluminium alloy of its panel that flows through 3 (heat-transfer pipe 3a) the more metal such as the zinc (Zn) of corrosion-vulnerable; promptly have the bulk metal of high ionization trend or alloy and be electrically connected on the lower collector pipe 2 that immerses in the seawater pond (described seawater flows down so that this outer surface becomes wet along the outer surface of panel 3) with as sacrificial anode; make this sacrificial anode experience electrochemistry disassociation and consuming, and prevent to serve as the lower collector pipe 2 of electrode and the surface of panel 3 are corroded.Yet in the LNG vaporizer, the seawater that flows out from groove 8 edges directly contacts the surface of the heat-transfer pipe 3a that constitutes panel 3, even therefore settle this sacrificial anode that the corrosion of so-called " erosion-corrosion " also takes place inevitably.Therefore; the alloy (hereinafter referred to as " coating alloy ") that the preferred aluminium alloy that applies than heat-transfer pipe 3a has higher ionization trend on the surface of heat-transfer pipe 3a directly contacts with described surface to prevent seawater; and even the localized delamination of described coating alloy can take place, also prevent the corrosion of tube surface by its corrosion protection effect.Known exemplary alloy with this sacrificial etched protective effect comprises the Al-Zn alloy, and normally used alloy comprises Al-2%Zn alloy and Al-15%Zn alloy.Therefore, realize effective prevention of corrosion with formation coating on the surface of heat-transfer pipe by this coating alloy of thermal spraying.
In order further to improve the corrosion resistance of the coating that on tube surface, forms, for example patent document 2 discloses a kind of pipe that uses in aluminum pipe at heat exchanger of the corrosion resistance with raising, wherein aluminum or aluminum alloy heat-transfer pipe (by extruding the pipe of manufacturing) has formed the ground floor that comprises the Zn layer in its surface, described Zn layer serves as sacrifice layer on electrochemistry, and Al or Al-Ca or Al-Zn-Ca metal A l alloy by thermal spraying on described ground floor, thereby prevent evaporation among glitter (blazing) of zinc in making described heat exchanger.Patent document 3 discloses a kind of aluminium alloy heat-transfer pipe with corrosion resistance of raising, wherein said heat-transfer pipe has formed the Al-Zn alloy-layer in its surface, and has formed the Al-Zn alloy-layer that comprises at least a element that is selected from In, Sn, Hg and Cd on this layer.On the other hand, patent document 4 discloses a kind of fin-shaped pipe that is used for ORV type vaporizer (fin-shaped formula heat-transfer pipe) of the Al of comprising compo pipe, and described fin-shaped pipe has by covering the thick sacrificial anode coating that the Al-Zn alloy material forms.
[patent document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No.H9-178391
[patent document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No.H1-114698
[patent document 3] Japanese patent application No.H7-1157
[patent document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No.H5-164496
Summary of the invention
Yet the LNG that the bottom of the panel 3 of ORV and lower collector pipe 2 are flowed through is the part that liquified natural gas is cooled to the temperature below the freezing point.When the surface of heat-transfer pipe and flow through thereon overflow seawater when this low-temp. portion phase-splitting mutual connection of ORV touches, be not easy on the aluminum alloy surface of described heat-transfer pipe base material, form oxide coating, and the described electrode potential of the heat-transfer pipe base material of aluminium alloy that comprises will be lower than the electrode potential of the Al-Zn alloy coat of describing in patent document 1 to 4.In the case, the risk of existence is to realize that the sacrificial etched protection of Al-Zn alloy coat and heat-transfer pipe base material can not be protected.In some cases, for example when seawater is in high temperature, or when LNG sub-cooled that panel 3 is flowed through, the risk of existence is that the high potential of Al-Zn alloy coat influences the heat-transfer pipe base material and described heat-transfer pipe base material suffers couple corrosion.
Except that corrosion resistance, the coating that also requires to form on tube surface has durability.Even coating has the sacrificial etched protective effect of excellent Al alloy heat-transfer pipe,, then finally will damage the heat-transfer pipe base material if corrosion is carried out and described coating poor durability at a high speed.In addition in the situation of LNG vaporizer, as mentioned above, the seawater that flows out from the edge of groove 8 contacts with the surface of the heat-transfer pipe 3a of formation panel 3, also needs the counter-measure of erosion-corrosion.
The present invention finishes under the circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe, even wherein be used in panel bottom or lower collector pipe, the surface of these parts is acutely cooled off and is unlikely formed oxide coating, also can prevent the destruction that is caused by corrosion on the aluminum alloy base material surface effectively.Another object of the present invention provides the LNG vaporizer that is used to make the method for this heat-transfer pipe and uses this heat-transfer pipe.
In order to realize these purposes, the present invention has used structure as described below.
Therefore; in a first aspect of the present invention; LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe is a kind of like this heat-transfer pipe; wherein said LNG is inner and seawater is fed to outer surface making described LNG vaporization by the heat exchange between described LNG and the seawater by it, and described heat-transfer pipe comprises the Al alloy of the corrosion protection coating that has on its outer surface.Described corrosion protection coating comprises the Al alloy that contains Mg.
In a second aspect of the present invention, LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe is a kind of like this heat-transfer pipe, and wherein the amount of the Mg that comprises of corrosion protection coating is higher than the amount of the Mg of the Al alloy of forming heat-transfer pipe.
As mentioned above; on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material of heat-transfer pipe, be not easy to form under the condition of oxide coating; the intrinsic electrode potential of Zn will be higher than the intrinsic electrode potential of substrate alloy; and the Al-Zn sprayed coating is compared with the substrate alloy of heat-transfer pipe or lower collector pipe has higher electromotive force, thereby reduces sacrificial etched protective effect.Therefore; even also to realize sacrificial etched protection in order can on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material of heat-transfer pipe, being not easy to form under the such condition of oxide coating, for example should to form metal coating by thermal spraying with electromotive force lower on the thermodynamics than the electromotive force of Al.This metal most preferably is Mg, and the sacrificial etched protective finish that is fit to comprises the magnesium alloy coating that contains than the Al alloy base material material " lower " of heat-transfer pipe or lower collector pipe.Illustrative metal with electromotive force lower than the electromotive force of Al on the thermodynamics also comprises Hf (hafnium), Ti (titanium) and Be (beryllium) except that Mg.In these metals, the oxide coating of Ti and Be is stronger than the oxide coating of Al, though and these metals are than Al " lower (meaner) " on thermodynamic stability, the oxide of these metals is in fact than Al more " high (noble) " when considering the environment for use of LNG vaporizer.In addition, the metal that comprises Hf or Ti is limited by the tensility of extreme difference, and is difficult to this metal is manufactured the sputtering target that uses in order in the flame-spraying that forms coating.Therefore, can not to be used for sacrificial etched protection be the coating that purpose forms for Hf and Ti.Simultaneously, because Be is poisonous and consider risk and the marine pollution in the process of using ORV that relates in the process that forms coating, so Be also is not suitable for use in sacrificial etched protective finish.Be is a kind of very expensive material in addition.
Therefore, the Al alloy coat that contains Mg is suitable as in order to using by the coating of sacrificial etched protection Al alloy heat-transfer pipe most, and if described coating comprise the Mg of amount that its amount is higher than the Mg of Al alloy, so this corrosion protection coating is effective.
In a third aspect of the present invention, it is such Al alloy corrosion protective finish of 100 to 1000 microns that the LNG vaporizer has thickness with heat-transfer pipe.
When using this Al alloy coat in ORV, in order to improve the fissility of anti-the foaming, the thickness of suitably controlling coating is important.When described thickness was lower than 100 microns, the corrosion resistance of hot-spraying coating will be not enough, and the aluminum alloy base material of heat-transfer pipe or lower collector pipe are easy to be exposed in the seawater.At least 100 microns typically of minimum thickness, preferably at least 150 microns and more preferably at least 200 microns.Although consider to prevent from the early stage to corrode and preferred thicker coating, when thickness surpasses 1000 millimeters, from impel by the residual stress in the thermal spraying formation coating procedure peel off more serious.Therefore, typically form coating, preferably smaller or equal to 800 microns and be more preferably less than and equal 600 microns thickness to have smaller or equal to 1000 microns.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe is a kind of like this heat-transfer pipe, and wherein Al alloy corrosion protective finish has the Mg content in 1 quality % to 80 quality % scope.
When described Al alloy coat has when being lower than 1% Mg content; sacrificial etched protection will be not enough, and in order to realize effective sacrificial etched protection, Mg content is at least 1.5 quality % preferably; and more preferably at least 2 quality %, such Mg content can be realized effective sacrificial etched protection.Simultaneously, although when the sacrificial etched protection of Al-Mg alloy coat becomes stronger along with the increase of Mg content, under certain surrounding environment for example under certain temperature conditions, the wear rate of coating will be too high.Therefore, Mg content is preferably smaller or equal to 80 quality %, is more preferably less than to equal 50 quality %, most preferably smaller or equal to 20 quality %.When Mg content is in the scope of 2 quality % to 20 quality %, realized that simultaneously good coating adheres to, the sacrificial etched protection and the durability of coating.
In a fifth aspect of the present invention; use in the heat-transfer pipe at the LNG vaporizer; Al alloy corrosion protective finish forms by thermal spraying, and has the center line average roughness (Ra 75) in 10 to 100 microns scope on the border between described coating and the described heat-transfer pipe.
When the roughness that in hot-spraying coating and heat-transfer pipe or lower collector pipe is the border between the Al alloy base material increases, suppressed the spreading rate in the zone of the preferential disassociation that oxygen concentration cell causes, described oxygen concentration cell is to form between the hot-spraying coating of the peripheral region of the internal flaw of hot-spraying coating and this defective; And cause the raising of the fissility of anti-foaming of hot-spraying coating.This method is very effective to the adhesiveness that improves Al-Mg alloy hot-spraying coating, compares as the hot-spraying coating that comprises the Al-Zn alloy with other hot-spraying coating, and described Al-Mg alloy hot-spraying coating is difficult to improve aspect adhesiveness.Carried out big quantity research for this adhering raising, and when the inventor finds that the border between hot-spraying coating and Al alloy base material has at least 10 microns center line average roughness (Ra75), can improve in seawater that flows and the resistance that hot-spraying coating is peeled off from the Al alloy base material under the contacted situation of the hot-spraying coating of low temperature range, thereby realize excellent adhesiveness.Consider and will improve adhesiveness, preferably at least 12 microns of the center line average roughness Ra 75 on described border, and more preferably at least 14 microns.On the other hand, when the border between spray-on coating and the Al alloy base material was too coarse, boundary may not stayed in the space of being filled by hot-spraying coating, and the seawater that enters above-mentioned space will impel the preferential corrosion on the border.Therefore, in center line average roughness Ra 75, the border roughness is preferably smaller or equal to 100 microns, be more preferably less than to equal 80 microns, and most preferably smaller or equal to 60 microns.
In a sixth aspect of the present invention, with in the heat-transfer pipe, aforesaid border roughness forms by the following method at the LNG vaporizer: the sandblast agent that will comprise more than or equal to the sandblast particle of #16 is ejected on the outer surface of the heat-transfer pipe that will form spray-on coating thereon.
This use comprises more than or equal to the sand blasted surface roughening of the sandblast agent of the sandblast particle of #16 can adjust to the roughness on border 10 to 100 microns scope.
In a seventh aspect of the present invention, with in the heat-transfer pipe, in the zone of the degree of depth of uppermost surface to 100 micron, the Al alloy coat has the pore area percentage smaller or equal to 15% in the cross section of the central shaft that comprises heat-transfer pipe at the LNG vaporizer.
With the pore area percentage limit in the surface layer part of Al alloy coat smaller or equal to 15% and preferably smaller or equal to 10% o'clock, can significantly reduce the area percentage that bubbles and peel off, thereby realize gratifying sacrificial etched protection.
Consider above-mentioned situation, the present invention has adopted structure as described below.
In a eighth aspect of the present invention; use in the heat-transfer pipe at LNG vaporizer according to Claim 8; corrosion protection coating comprises the Al alloy coat that contains Zn and/or Mn and Mg, wherein the content of (Zn+Mn), Zn or Mn in the scope of 0.3 quality % to 3.0 quality % and Mg content at 0.3 quality % to 5.0 quality %.
In order to obtain corrosion resistance, it is effective will forming in solid solution joins heat-transfer pipe with the element of strengthening matrix the Al alloy base material in Al, and essential is when this element during with the form precipitating of compound, and the electrode potential of Al alloy coat can be than the electrode potential of the Al alloy base material of heat-transfer pipe more " height ".The typical element that is used for this reinforcement comprises Zn, Nb, Mn, Zr and Ti.In these elements, Nb, Zr and Ti are not suitable for this purpose, because these elements form the oxide coating harder than Al, and these element costlinesses, be difficult to form alloy with Al.Therefore, be that the preferred elements that purpose adds is Zn and/or Mn with the corrosion protection.Although preferred Zn and/or Mn form solid solution in the Al alloy substrate, but according to addition, Zn and/or Mn and Mg can form the compound as Zn-Mg, Mn-Mg or Zn-Mn-Mg, even and form these compounds, still can keep electrode potential than Al alloy base material " lower ".
When the content of the content of Zn+Mn or Zn or Mn is lower than 0.3%, will be not enough by the reinforcement that forms solid solution, thus reduce required corrosion protection.The content that surpasses 3.0 quality % is unsuitable, will be saturated under this content because strengthen acting on of Al alloy substrate, and the Zn that separates in the Al alloy coat and/or Mn may have a negative impact to corrosion resistance.When Mg content is lower than 0.3%, basically all Mg can form solid solution and have nothing to do with the coated conditions of using in the Al matrix, thereby can not realize such effect: the level that the electrode potential of Al alloy coat fully is reduced to the electrode potential of the Al alloy substrate that is lower than heat-transfer pipe.It also is unsuitable that Mg content surpasses 5 quality % because the electrode potential of Al alloy coat will " low " to unnecessary degree, thereby under some service condition, cause the Mg meltage to increase and corrosion rate too high.
In ninth aspect present invention, the LNG vaporizer is to be equipped with the panel that is made of a plurality of heat-transfer pipes, to be used to the LNG vaporizer that discharges the upper header of LNG and be used to supply the lower collector pipe of LNG, described heat-transfer pipe has the hot-spraying coating of formation thereon and is positioned to a row with the curtain formula, and described upper header and lower collector pipe are connected respectively to the upper end and the bottom of described panel; Wherein said LNG is by the heat exchange between seawater and LNG vaporization, and the surface of described seawater from described panel unit upper end along panel flows down, described LNG from lower collector pipe one side to upper header one effluent through described heat-transfer pipe.
In a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the LNG vaporizer, the hot-spraying coating of heat-transfer pipe is to form on the outer surface of the bottom of panel and lower collector pipe at least.
As mentioned above, LNG is in liquid condition in the bottom of the lower collector pipe of such LNG vaporizer and panel, so this part of vaporizer is cooled to the temperature that is lower than freezing point.When this part outer surface of LNG vaporizer contacted with the seawater that overflows that flows down along this surface, oxide coating unlikely formed on the aluminum alloy surface of heat-transfer pipe base material.In the case, Shi Yi corrosion protection is to realize when adopting aforesaid hot-spraying coating to cover the bottom of panel of low-temperature space and lower collector pipe surperficial.
In a eleventh aspect of the present invention; be used for making the method for LNG vaporizer with heat-transfer pipe; described LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe is to use like this: feed LNG in its inside and seawater guided on its outer surface to make the LNG vaporization by the heat exchange between LNG and the seawater; and described LNG vaporizer has the corrosion protection coating that forms on its outer surface with heat-transfer pipe, and corrosion protection coating forms by the following method: the Al alloy that will comprise Mg carries out thermal spraying and machining is carried out on described hot-spraying coating surface.
In a twelveth aspect of the present invention; making the LNG vaporizer with in the method for heat-transfer pipe, corrosion protection coating forms by the following method: the Al alloy that will comprise Zn and/or Mn and Mg carries out thermal spraying and machining is carried out on described hot-spraying coating surface.
When hot-spraying coating surface through machining during as polishing or peening, reduce the hole defective in the described sprayed coating and suppress the foaming in the use or peel off to realize satisfied sacrificial etched protection.
In a thirteenth aspect of the present invention,,, carry out the encapsulation process of spray-on coating as the preliminary treatment and/or the post processing of machining making the LNG vaporizer with in the method for heat-transfer pipe.
When except that machining, also carrying out encapsulation process, further reduce the hole in hot-spraying coating, and the destruction of further suppressing as bubbling or peel off.
In the present invention, at least in the panel bottom, comprise on the outer surface of alloy heat-transfer pipe of Al alloy and with LNG vaporizer low-temperature space in the outer surface of lower collector pipe of contact with sea water on form the Al alloy coat, described Al alloy coat comprises Mg, promptly is lower than the metal of Al on the thermodynamic stability.Therefore; because the alloy coat that comprises Mg has the electrode potential of the Al alloy base material that is lower than heat-transfer pipe and lower collector pipe; even, also realized gratifying sacrificial etched protection unlikely on the aluminum alloy surface of heat-transfer pipe and lower collector pipe, forming in the environment of oxide coating.When the Al alloy coat that forms comprises content than the higher Mg of above-mentioned Al alloy, realized even better sacrificial etched protection.In addition, when the sandblast agent that has suitable particle size by use is carried out sandblast the roughness on border is controlled at the preset range of center line average roughness (Ra 75), be in the seawater that overflows and the anti-fissility of the Al alloy coat in the contacted environment of Al alloy coat and be increased to acceptable in actual applications level.Comprise the Al alloy coat of Mg to improve anti-erosion performance because form on the surface of heat-transfer pipe at the LNG vaporizer; Mg is than containing the Zn that adds as the solid solution intensified element of heat-transfer pipe base material and/or the lower metal of Al of Mn on thermodynamic stability; so on the outer surface of the outer surface of the heat-transfer pipe of the panel bottom of LNG vaporizer and lower collector pipe; thereby described LNG vaporizer is owing to unlikely form in the oxide environment that more corrosion-vulnerable is destroyed in the contact of low-temperature space seawater and to use; obtain favourable sacrificial etched protection, thereby realized excellent corrosion resistance and high durability.In addition, when after forming alloy coat, described coating being carried out machining or using sealant to inject, realized significantly improving of anti-fissility, and this raising helps the destruction that prevents that heat-transfer pipe from being corroded, thereby increase the operating efficiency and the service life of LNG vaporizer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of LNG vaporizer.
The specific embodiment
Then embodiment of the present invention are described with reference to Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 has shown the LNG vaporizer that wherein will merge according to the heat-transfer pipe of embodiment of the present invention.Described LNG vaporizer comprises a plurality of panel unit U that made by Al alloy (for example Al-Mn base alloy such as A3203, Al-Mg base alloy such as A5083 or Al-Mg-Si base alloy such as A6063), and these panel units U is an arranged parallel.Each panel unit U comprise by the lower collector pipe 2 that is used to supply LNG of the panel 3 formed of a plurality of heat-transfer pipe 3a that is positioned to a row with the curtain formula and bottom that is connected respectively to panel 3 and upper end be used to discharge the upper header 4 of vaporized natural (NG).Lower collector pipe 2 and upper header 4 are connected respectively to down on LNG manifold 1 and the last NG manifold 5.On the space that limits between the adjacent panels 3 of unit U, settle the dirty groove 8 of seawater that makes as the thermal source of vaporization LNG.LNG is supplied to lower collector pipe 2 from LNG manifold 1, passes through the heat-transfer pipe 3a of each panel 3 then.In heat-transfer pipe in the process at LNG upper reaches by and seawater between heat exchange make LNG vaporization.The LNG of vaporization is transported to (not demonstration) in the appendix by upper header 4 and NG manifold 5.
On the outer surface of heat-transfer pipe 3a and lower collector pipe 2, form the Al-Mg alloy coat, and more specifically, form the Mg that comprises 1 quality % to 80 quality %, the Al alloy coat of the Mg of preferred 3 quality % to 30 quality %.This coating is formed up to thickness and preferred 200 to 600 microns thickness by thermal spraying with 100 to 1000 microns.In order to improve thermal spraying Al-Mg alloy coat and heat-transfer pipe 3a and lower collector pipe 2, promptly with the adhesiveness of following Al alloy base material, be used for the sandblast agent treatment surface of surface roughening as the preliminary treatment of thermal spraying, thereby adjust the roughness on the border between hot-spraying coating and the Al alloy base material.Use comprises the sandblast agent of the sandblast particulate of #16 at least to be carried out blasting treatment and has 10 to 100 microns until the outer surface of Al alloy base material, and preferred 14 to 60 microns center line roughness Ra 75.After forming hot-spraying coating, preferably described coating is carried out encapsulation process, wherein on the surface of described spray-on coating, will compound such as the epoxy that the Al-Mg alloy has an excellent permeation be applied at least once.Needn't require to cover the whole surface of heat-transfer pipe 3a with the Al-Mg alloy coat, and heat-transfer pipe should be capped to from the lower end of panel 3 at least about 1 meter distance.
If it is in local implementation, the tolerance interval of the roughness of the widest part on the border between the Al of heat-transfer pipe and lower collector pipe alloy base material and hot-spraying coating then, promptly the Ra 75 in 10 to 100 micrometer ranges is useless, and the tolerance interval of described roughness should be accomplished on the whole surface of cover heating spray-on coating.Therefore, in this embodiment, before applying coating, select at least 10 positions arbitrarily from the zone of the Al alloy base material that will be applied by hot-spraying coating, and the measuring method measuring center line average roughness Ra 75 by in the additional page of JIS B 0031 and JIS B 0061, defining.Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value in Ra 75 values of confirming all measurements just forms coating by thermal spraying later within limited range.Also can measure the roughness on the border between Al alloy base material and the spray-on coating at the formation hot-spraying coating later on.In the case, be coated with plating coating regions coated at least 10 positions of selection arbitrarily from the heat of Al alloy base material, described Al alloy base material be from blasting treatment identical and hot-spraying coating is identical a collection of sampling arbitrarily, observe the cross section on the surface that applies with hot-spraying coating by SEM, and can handle by image and calculate Ra 75.The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of Ra 75 values of all measurements that also necessary in this case is is within limited range.Can also replace blasting treatment that the roughness on described border is provided by machining.
On the outer surface of heat-transfer pipe 3a and lower collector pipe 2, it is effective forming the Al-Zn-Mn-Mg alloy coat have the Mg content of 0.3 quality % to 5 quality %, preferred 2 quality % to 4 quality % and to have (Zn+Mn) content of 0.3 quality % to 3 quality %.This coating can be formed up to thickness by thermal spraying with 100 to 1000 microns.In order to improve the adhesiveness of thermal spraying Al-Zn-Mn-Mg alloy coat to the Al alloy base material of heat-transfer pipe 3a and lower collector pipe 2 below promptly, can adopt the preliminary treatment of the sandblast particulate treatment surface that is used for surface roughening, thereby be adjusted at the roughness on the border between hot-spraying coating and the Al alloy base material as thermal spraying.Can also replace blasting treatment that described border roughness is provided by machining.The Al alloy coat can be Al-Zn-Mg alloy coat or Al-Mn-Mg alloy coat, and in the case, the content of Zn or Mg is in the scope of 0.3 quality % to 3 quality %.There is no need to require to cover the whole surface of heat-transfer pipe 3a with this Al alloy coat, and heat-transfer pipe 3a should be capped to from the lower end of panel 3 at least about 1 meter distance.After forming hot-spraying coating, preferably coating is carried out encapsulation process, wherein on the spray-on coating surface, will compound such as the epoxy that the Al-Zn-Mn-Mg alloy coat has an excellent permeation be applied at least once.In addition, before this encapsulation process or/and after preferably carry out machining as the polishing or peening to remove the hole defective in the superficial layer of hot-spraying coating.
Embodiment
【0037】
For near the environment the panel 3 of simulating LNG vaporizer (ORV) (see figure 1) and the lower collector pipe 2, preparation has the fine aluminium disk of the thickness of 16 millimeters diameter and 4 millimeters, on a surface of the disk that the straight line by disc centre limits, thermal spraying is formed coating as shown in table 1 to have 300 micron thickness.After thermal spraying, further do not handle, thereby obtain sample.Make the amber ear paste element and closely contact in a side of not process thermal spraying, thereby make the rear surface of sample be cooled to following 20 ℃ of freezing point with the rear surface of sample.Will be in 20 ℃ the artificial sea water that can from commercial channels obtain of surface at 30 ℃ of a side that is formed with hot-spraying coating below the freezing point (Marine Art Hi, Tomita Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. produce) expose 20 hours, and measure the recessed degree that disk base material and hot-spraying coating are formed by etching.Measurement result is shown in Table 1.
As shown in table 1; hot-spraying coating concave process degree is low in the situation of the thermal spraying Al-Zn of routine base coating (15 and 16); it is 1 to 2 micron; and the recessed degree height in the disk base material; be about 12 microns, show and in aforesaid seawater exposure condition, do not bring into play sacrificial etched protective effect fully.On the contrary, under the situation of thermal spraying Al-Mg base coating, compare with the situation of Al-Zn base spray-on coating, the recessed degree in the higher and disk base material of the recessed degree in the hot-spraying coating is lower.Particularly, when Mg content more than or equal to 1% the time, the recessed degree in the hot-spraying coating shows and realize sacrificial etched protective effect, and the recessed degree in the disk base material is reduced to the level smaller or equal to 8 microns up to 5 microns or higher.Particularly, consider the recessed degree that reduces fine aluminium disk base material, Mg content is preferably greater than and equals 1 quality %, more preferably greater than equaling 3 quality %, most preferably more than or equal to 5 quality %.When Mg content during more than or equal to 5 quality %, the recessed degree of thermal spraying Al-Mg coating increases simultaneously that the recessed degree of disk base material does not change basically.More than Mg content increases to 80 quality % and when reaching 90 quality %, the consumption of hot-spraying coating becomes obviously, so Mg content preferably is no more than 80 quality %.Consider that preventing that consuming excessively of hot-spraying coating, Mg content are more preferably less than equals 50 quality %, and most preferably smaller or equal to 30 quality %.In table 1, G1, G2 and G3 refer to the rank of sacrificial etched protection, and the rank of sacrificial etched protection is with the order increase of G1＜G2＜G3.
Table 1
| Numbering | The composition of hot-spraying coating | Recess in the Al alloy base material (micron) | Recess in the hot-spraying coating (micron) | |
| 1 | Al-1％Mg | 5.2 | 8.3 | Embodiment (G1) |
| 2 | Al-2％Mg | 5.1 | 8.1 | Embodiment (G1) |
| 3 | Al-3％Mg | 3.7 | 10.1 | Embodiment (G2) |
| 4 | Al-4％Mg | 3.4 | 9.9 | Embodiment (G2) |
| 5 | Al-5％Mg | 1.1 | 11.2 | Embodiment (G3) |
| 6 | Al-10％Mg | 0.9 | 12.1 | Embodiment (G3) |
| 7 | Al-30％Mg | 1.2 | 12.5 | Embodiment (G3) |
| 8 | Al-40％Mg | 0.8 | 15.2 | Embodiment (G2) |
| 9 | Al-50％Mg | 1.2 | 16.5 | Embodiment (G2) |
| 10 | Al-60％Mg | 0.9 | 19.2 | Embodiment (G1) |
| 11 | Al-70％Mg | 0.8 | 20.5 | Embodiment (G1) |
| 12 | Al-80％Mg | 0.9 | 19.8 | Embodiment (G1) |
| 13 | Al-90％ | 1 | 30.5 | Comparative example |
| 14 | Al-0.5％Mg | 8.5 | 5.2 | Comparative example |
| 15 | Al-2％Zn | 12.5 | 1.2 | Comparative example |
| 16 | Al-15％Zn | 11.4 | 2.1 | Comparative example |
One side of 200 millimeters * 200 millimeters aluminium alloy (A5083) plate that will have 5 millimeters thickness is machined into the surface roughness that has in various degree, and this plate is used as aluminium base.Use the center line average roughness Ra75 of surface roughometer assessment aluminium base later on immediately in machining.For every group of test condition, prepare 10 (n=10) and carry out the aluminium base of machining, and the mean value of the Ra 75 of these 10 aluminium bases is shown in Table 2 as the roughness (Ra 75) on the border between aluminium base and hot-spraying coating with identical target surface roughness.In order to realize the gratifying adhesion with aluminium base, after carrying out machining, on the aluminium base that machining is crossed, form the Al-5 quality %Mg coating of 300 micron thickness immediately by the flame-spraying wiry of using Al-5 quality %Mg.On the aluminium base that part machining is crossed, has the Al-90%Mg coating of 300 micron thickness by the flame-spraying formation wiry of using Al-90 quality %Mg.After thermal spraying, be not further processed, thereby obtain sample.The composition and the thickness of the hot-spraying coating of every set condition are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
| Numbering | The composition of hot-spraying coating | The thickness of hot-spraying coating (micron) | Border roughness (Ra75, micron) | The area that foaming is peeled off (%) | |
| 1 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 5.2 | 64.2 | |
| 2 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 10.8 | 22.4 | |
| 3 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 11.3 | 21 | |
| 4 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 12.5 | 13.4 | |
| 5 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 13.2 | 11.5 | |
| 6 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 14.5 | 2.8 | |
| 7 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 16.8 | 2.3 | |
| 8 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 20.5 | 2.1 | Embodiment |
| 9 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 38.5 | 2.5 | Embodiment |
| 10 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 42.4 | 3.2 | Embodiment |
| 11 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 58.5 | 8.5 | Embodiment |
| 12 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 65.2 | 12.9 | Embodiment |
| 13 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 79.2 | 17.5 | Embodiment |
| 14 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 86.2 | 21.2 | Embodiment |
| 15 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 98.5 | 25.3 | Embodiment |
| 16 | Al-5％Mg | 300 | 115.2 | 65.2 | Comparative example |
| 17 | Al-5％Mg | 175 | 20 | 5.5 | Embodiment |
| 18 | Al-5％Mg | 120 | 19.8 | 14.2 | Embodiment |
| 19 | Al-5％Mg | 50 | 20.4 | 50.2 | Comparative example |
| 20 | Al-90％Mg | 300 | 20.1 | 59.3 | Comparative example |
| 21 | Al-90％Mg | 300 | 75.2 | 98.3 | Comparative example |
The aluminium base 1 to 21 that is formed with hot-spraying coating on as shown in table 2 its bubbled peel off test.Every type is all used 10 aluminium base samples.At first, sample is immersed artificial sea water (the Marine Art Hi of 20 ℃ and pH8.2 with the flow rate of 3m/s, Tomita PharmaceuticalCo., Ltd. produce) in 3 months, the area percentage of peeling off by means of the foaming on the hot-spraying coating after the graphical analysis measurements and calculations dipping.Shown the area percentage of peeling off as the foaming of the aluminium base 1 to 21 that is formed with hot-spraying coating on it with the mean value of 10 samples in the table 2.In table 2, it should be noted that in the border roughness between hot-spraying coating and the aluminium base (Ra 75) and the relation between the area percentage peel off of bubbling, when border roughness (Ra 75) increases to level more than or equal to about 10 microns (samples 2 and 3), the area percentage that foaming is peeled off is reduced to about 20% level rapidly, shows the raising of the anti-fissility in the environment of flowing seawater.When the roughness (Ra 75) on border during more than or equal to about 12 microns (sample 4 and 5), the area percentage that foaming is peeled off further reduces makes an appointment with half, and, even also be reduced to about level of 2 to 3% when border roughness (Ra 75) during more than or equal to about 14 microns (sample 6).Therefore, in order to improve the anti-fissility of hot-spraying coating in the flowing seawater environment, border roughness (Ra 75) being controlled at more than or equal to 10 microns, more than or equal to 12 microns, will be effective in the level more than or equal to 14 microns more preferably preferably.
Simultaneously, when border roughness (Ra 75) reaches about 60 microns (sample 11), the area percentage that foaming is peeled off begins to increase once more, and under the situation of the sample 16 with the border roughness that surpasses 100 microns, the area percentage peeled off of bubbling is rapidly increased to the level that equates less than 10 microns sample 1 with the roughness on border wherein.As mentioned above, when the roughness (Ra 75) on border is too high, between hot-spraying coating and aluminium base, trend towards forming the space of not filled, and the seawater that enters this space will impel on the border and preferentially corrodes by coating.As a result, will increase the area percentage of peeling off, reduce the anti-fissility of hot-spraying coating.Therefore, border roughness (Ra 75) is controlled at smaller or equal to 100 microns, preferably smaller or equal to 80 microns, it will be effective being more preferably less than the scope that equals 60 microns.
Will be noted that, when Mg content outside the scope of the invention, during up to 90 quality % (sample 20,21), the area percentage peel off is also very high even border roughness (Ra 75) in scope of the present invention (promptly 10 to 100 microns), is bubbled.In addition, even the roughness on Mg content and border (Ra75) all within the scope of the invention, the area percentage peel off is also high if hot-spraying coating than thickness of the present invention thinner (promptly 50 microns), then bubbles.When Mg content during up to the level of 90 quality %, will quicken the consumption of hot-spraying coating, seawater can infiltrate the border between aluminium base and alloy coat in the early stage, and the aluminium rust can be quickened to produce in the border between base material and coating.Thereby this causes alloy coat to bubble or heaves to cause and peel off, the obvious increase of the area peeled off of therefore causing bubbling.This situation is similar to the situation when hot-spraying coating is as thin as 50 microns, and seawater infiltrates border between aluminium base and the alloy coat to be caused the foaming of alloy coat and peel off and increase the area that bubbles and peel off.
200 millimeters * 200 millimeters aluminium alloy (A5083) plate that will have 5 millimeters thickness uses as aluminium base.Thermal spraying Al-5 quality %Mg alloy is to form Al-5 quality %Mg alloy coat on a side of this aluminium base.After forming hot-spraying coating, aluminium base is carried out different post processings, prepare sample as shown in table 31 to 7.Every kind of post processing type all prepares 11 samples.
Table 3
| Numbering | The thickness of hot-spraying coating (micron) | Machining after the thermal spraying | Processing after the thermal spraying | Pore area (%) | The area percentage that foaming is peeled off (%) | |
| 1 | 300 | No | Do not handle | 17.1 | 44.2 | Comparative example |
| 2 | 300 | No | Inject sealant | 18.2 | 20.4 | Comparative example |
| 3 | 450 | Have | Polishing | 10.4 | 4 | |
| 4 | 400 | Have | Peening | 6.6 | 2.4 | |
| 5 | 400 | Have | Inject sealant → peening | 1.7 | 0.5 | |
| 6 | 400 | Have | Peening → injection sealant | 1.6 | 0.8 | |
| 7 | 400 | Have | Inject sealant → peening → injection sealant | 1.6 | 0.3 | Embodiment |
As shown in table 3, sample 1 to 7 is carried out thermal spraying, make that post processing (processing after thermal spraying) coating layer thickness afterwards is 300 microns.More specifically, do not pass through after thermal spraying in the sample 1 and 2 of machining, the target thickness of hot-spraying coating is 300 microns; Target thickness is 470 microns in the sample of handling through polishing (10 seconds) after thermal spraying 3; Target thickness is 400 microns in the sample of handling through peening (60 seconds) 4 to 7.Although after thermal spraying, do not pass through in the sample 1 and 2 of machining coating layer thickness with after thermal spraying, in the sample of the individual same treatment of 11 (N=11), change through the coating layer thickness in the sample 3 to 7 of machining and other processing, the coating layer thickness of sample 1 to 7 is all 250 to 350 microns scope.
In sample 1 to 7 in separately 11 samples, 1 sample is used to measure the pore area percentage of the hot-spraying coating in the zone of the degree of depth of the uppermost surface to 100 of hot-spraying coating micron.In 200 millimeters * 200 millimeters whole area of each sample, select 10 positions equably and cut next sample from each position.As the situation in embodiment 1 and 2, observe the cross section of hot-spraying coating by SEM, and determine at observed pore area percentage in the zone of the degree of depth of the uppermost surface to 100 of hot-spraying coating micron by graphical analysis.Table 3 has shown the mean value of the pore area percentage of determining from 10 positions of sample 1 to 7, as the pore area percentage from the hot-spraying coating of the degree of depth of uppermost surface to 100 micron.
10 samples that are left in the sample 1 to 7 are used for bubbling and peel off test.Sample is soaked 3 months to measure in the artificial sea water with 20 ℃ of the flow rate of 3m/s and pH 8.2.With the sample bending after the immersion/exposure test, make the hot-spraying coating side in the inboard, therefore compression stress is applied on the hot-spraying coating, and the generation of check bubbling and to peel off by SEM, the area percentage that on described hot-spraying coating surface, bubbles and peel off by means of the graphical analysis measurements and calculations.The mean value that has shown 10 samples in the sample 1 to 7 in the table 3, the area percentage of peeling off as foaming.
Result in the table 3 shows: both also do not pass through the sample 2 of machining through injecting sealant in the sample 1 of post processing and after thermal spraying through machining after thermal spraying, the pore area percentage of hot-spraying coating high about 17 to 18%, and consistent with this high pore area percentage, the area that foaming is peeled off is also big.In the sample 3 and 4 by the polishing or the machining processes of peening only, it is about 6 to 10% that pore area percentage is reduced to, and the area percentage of peeling off that bubbles also is reduced to 2 to 4% greatly.At the sample 5 to 7 of the machining combined treatment by injecting sealant and peening, it is about 1.6% that pore area percentage is reduced to significantly, and the area percentage peeled off of bubbling also is reduced to the level smaller or equal to 1%.Therefore, show by inject after the thermal spraying sealant and machining combined treatment for reduce pore area percentage and the area percentage peeled off of bubbling very effective.
In order to simulate at the panel 3 of LNG vaporizer (ORV) (see figure 1) and near the environment the lower collector pipe 2, preparation has the aluminium alloy A5083 disk of the thickness of 16 millimeters diameter and 4 millimeters, and the thickness of coating to 300 as shown in table 4 micron is formed in thermal spraying on a surface of the disk that the straight line by disc centre limits.After thermal spraying, further do not handle, thereby obtain sample.Peltier's element is closely contacted in a side of not process thermal spraying with the rear surface of sample, thereby make the rear surface of sample be cooled to following 20 ℃ of freezing point.Will be in 20 ℃ the artificial sea water that can from commercial channels obtain with 1m/s flow rate of surface at 30 ℃ of a side that is formed with hot-spraying coating below the freezing point (Marine Art Hi, Tomita Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. produce) expose 20 hours, and measure disk base material and hot-spraying coating by the formed recessed degree of corrosion.Measurement result is shown in Table 4.
As shown in table 4; in the situation of the thermal spraying Al-Zn of routine base coating (1 and 2); recessed degree in the hot-spraying coating is low; it is 1 to 2 micron; and high about 8 microns of the recessed degree in the disk base material shows and do not bring into play sacrificial etched protective effect fully in aforesaid seawater exposure condition.In the sample 3,4 and 5 beyond the scope of the invention, the recessed degree of hot-spraying coating is a little less than the recessed degree of Al alloy base material (disk base material) at the content of alloy element Zn, Mn and Mg, and do not bring into play sacrificial etched protective effect fully.On the contrary, have at hot-spraying coating under the situation of alloy composition of the present invention, the recessed degree of hot-spraying coating is about 5 to 10 microns, and this is higher than the recessed degree (smaller or equal to 4.5 microns) of Al alloy base material, does not bring into play sacrificial etched protective effect.In addition, the recessed degree of hot-spraying coating is lower, shows that the durability of hot-spraying coating remains on gratifying level.Particularly, Mg content smaller or equal to 24 quality % and (Zn+Mn) content be that the recessed degree of Al alloy base material is low, is 1.5 microns or littler, the effect excellence of corrosion protection under the situation of sample 10 to 13 of 1.5 quality % to 2.5 quality %.Alloy element Zn, Mn or (Zn+Mn) or under the situation of the sample 16 to 19 of the content of Mg beyond the scope of the invention therein; although have gratifying sacrificial etched protection on the surface; but because the content increase of the alloying element in hot-spraying coating causes separating; perhaps corrosion rate excessively increases, and aforesaid this composition is not suitable for.
Table 4
| Numbering | The composition of hot-spraying coating | Recess in the Al alloy base material (micron) | Recess in the hot-spraying coating (micron) | Note |
| 1 | Al-2％Zn | 8.1 | 1.1 | Comparative example |
| 2 | Al-15％Zn | 7.8 | 1.7 | Comparative example |
| 3 | Al-0.2％Zn-0.2％Mg | 6 | 5 | Comparative example |
| 4 | Al-0.2％Mn-0.2％Mg | 6 | 5.2 | Comparative example |
| 5 | Al-0.2％Mg | 6.3 | 5.6 | Comparative example |
| 6 | Al-0.3％Zn-0.3％Mg | 4.3 | 6.2 | Embodiment |
| 7 | Al-0.3％Mn-0.3％Mg | 4.2 | 6.5 | Embodiment |
| 8 | Al-0.2％Zn-0.1％Mn-0.3％Mg | 4.4 | 6.9 | Embodiment |
| 9 | Al-1％Mn-1％Mg | 3.2 | 7.2 | Embodiment |
| 10 | Al-1.5％Zn-0.5％Mn-3％Mg | 0.9 | 9 | Embodiment |
| 11 | Al-1.5％Zn-1％Mn-4％Mg | 0.8 | 9.1 | Embodiment |
| 12 | Al-1.5％Zn-1％Mn-2％Mg | 1.5 | 7.9 | Embodiment |
| 13 | Al-1.5％Zn-3％Mg | 1.3 | 8.6 | Embodiment |
| 14 | Al-1％Zn-2％Mn-2％Mg | 1.6 | 8.4 | Embodiment |
| 15 | Al-0.5％Zn-1％Mn-5％Mg | 1 | 9.3 | Embodiment |
| 16 | Al-4％Zn-3％Mg | 1 | 10.5 | Comparative example |
| 17 | Al-5％Mn-3％Mg | 2.3 | 11.6 | Comparative example |
| 18 | Al-2％Zn-2％Mn-3％Mg | 2.1 | 9.8 | Comparative example |
| 19 | Al-3％Zn-7％Mg | 1 | 12.1 | Comparative example |
Claims (14)
1. LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe,
Wherein make LNG inner and seawater is fed to its outer surface making described LNG vaporization by the heat exchange between described LNG and the described seawater by it,
Wherein said heat-transfer pipe comprises the Al alloy and has corrosion protection coating on its outer surface, and described corrosion protection coating comprises the Al alloy coat that contains Mg.
2. LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1,
The amount of the Mg that wherein said corrosion protection coating comprises is higher than the amount of the Mg of the described Al alloy that has described corrosion protection coating on its outer surface.
3. LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1,
Wherein said Al alloy corrosion protective finish has 100 to 1000 microns thickness.
4. LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1,
Wherein said Al alloy corrosion protective finish has the Mg content in the scope of 1 quality % to 80 quality %.
5. LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1,
Wherein said Al alloy corrosion protective finish forms by thermal spraying, and has the center line average roughness (Ra 75) in 10 to 100 microns scope on the border between described coating and the described heat-transfer pipe.
6. LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe according to claim 5,
The roughness on wherein said border forms by the following method: the sandblast agent that will comprise more than or equal to the sandblast particle of #16 sprays on the described heat-transfer pipe outer surface that will form described spray-on coating on it.
7. LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe according to claim 5,
Wherein in the cross section of the central shaft that comprises described heat-transfer pipe in the zone of the degree of depth of uppermost surface to 100 micron, described Al alloy coat has the pore area percentage smaller or equal to 15%.
8. LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1,
Wherein said corrosion protection coating comprises the Al alloy coat that contains Zn and/or Mn and Mg, and wherein the content of (Zn+Mn), Zn or Mn is in the scope of 0.3 quality % to 3.0 quality %, and the content of Mg is 0.3 quality % to 5.0 quality %.
9. LNG vaporizer, it comprises:
Panel unit, it comprises the panel of being made up of the heat-transfer pipe that is formed with hot-spraying coating thereon of a plurality of claims 1, and these heat-transfer pipes are positioned to a row with the curtain formula; With
What be connected respectively to the upper end of described panel and bottom is used to discharge the upper header of described LNG and the lower collector pipe that is used to supply described LNG,
Wherein said LNG vaporizes by the heat exchange between seawater and described LNG, surface along described panel flows down described seawater from the upper end of described panel unit, and described LNG flow to described upper header one side from described lower collector pipe one side by described heat-transfer pipe.
10. LNG vaporizer according to claim 9,
The described hot-spraying coating of wherein said heat-transfer pipe is to form on the outer surface of the outer surface of described panel bottom and described lower collector pipe at least.
11. one kind is used to make the method for LNG vaporizer with heat-transfer pipe, described LNG vaporizer heat-transfer pipe uses by the following method: make described LNG be fed to its outer surface by its inside and with seawater, to make described LNG vaporization by the heat exchange between described LNG and the described seawater; And described LNG vaporizer has the corrosion protection coating that forms on its outer surface with heat-transfer pipe,
Wherein said corrosion protection coating forms by the following method: thermal spraying comprises the Al alloy of Mg, and machining is carried out on the surface of described hot-spraying coating.
12. one kind is used to make the method for LNG vaporizer with heat-transfer pipe,
Wherein make described LNG inner and seawater is fed to its outer surface making described LNG vaporization by the heat exchange between described LNG and the described seawater, and described heat-transfer pipe have the corrosion protection coating that forms on its outer surface by it,
Wherein said corrosion protection coating forms by the following method: the Al alloy that thermal spraying comprises Zn and/or Mn and Mg carries out, and machining is carried out on the surface of described spray-on coating.
13. the method that is used to make LNG vaporizer usefulness heat-transfer pipe according to claim 11,
Wherein, carry out the encapsulation process of described spray-on coating as the preliminary treatment and/or the post processing of machining.
14. the method that is used to make LNG vaporizer usefulness heat-transfer pipe according to claim 12,
Wherein, carry out the encapsulation process of described spray-on coating as the preliminary treatment and/or the post processing of machining.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005265667 | 2005-09-13 | ||
| JP2005265666A JP4796362B2 (en) | 2005-09-13 | 2005-09-13 | Heat transfer tube for LNG vaporizer and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2005265666 | 2005-09-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1932428A true CN1932428A (en) | 2007-03-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101536505A Pending CN1932428A (en) | 2005-09-13 | 2006-09-12 | Heat transfer tube for LNG vaporizer, its production method, and LNG vaporizer using such heat transfer tubes |
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| JP (1) | JP4796362B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1932428A (en) |
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| JPH0829095A (en) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-02-02 | Sumitomo Precision Prod Co Ltd | Open rack type carburetor |
| JPH11270996A (en) * | 1998-03-23 | 1999-10-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Lng vaporizer |
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| CN102947637B (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2014-09-10 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas |
| CN102947637A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2013-02-27 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas |
| CN103403483A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2013-11-20 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Gasification device for low-temperature liquefied gas |
| CN103403483B (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2015-09-09 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | The gasification installation of liquefied gas at low temp |
| CN105102876A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-11-25 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Vaporization device for low-temperature liquefied gas |
| CN105980806A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2016-09-28 | 森德国际集团股份有限公司 | Heat exchanger for a heating element, and a heating element comprising such heat exchanger |
| CN104089499B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2017-03-15 | 山东诺维科轻量化装备有限公司 | Liquified natural gas vaporizer and its production equipment and method |
| CN104089499A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-08 | 龙口丛林中德车体系统工程有限公司 | Liquefied natural gas vaporizer and production device and method thereof |
| CN104806877A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-29 | 江苏誉特能源装备有限公司 | Forced LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) evaporator for ships |
| CN107014222A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2017-08-04 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Gas evaporators |
| CN107014222B (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2019-04-12 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Gas evaporators |
| CN112996943A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2021-06-18 | 株式会社Uacj | Aluminum alloy pipe fitting and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112996943B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2023-03-28 | 株式会社Uacj | Aluminum alloy pipe fitting and manufacturing method thereof |
| US11866807B2 (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2024-01-09 | UACJ Corporation; UACJ EXTRUSION CORPORATION | Aluminum alloy pipe and method of producing the same |
| CN114651148A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2022-06-21 | 三菱重工船用机械株式会社 | Cold energy recovery system, ship provided with cold energy recovery system, and cold energy recovery method |
| CN114651148B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2023-12-01 | 三菱重工船用机械株式会社 | Cold energy recovery system, ship provided with same, and cold energy recovery method |
| CN113412390A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-09-17 | 神乐燃气技术株式会社 | Heat exchanger |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007078237A (en) | 2007-03-29 |
| JP4796362B2 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
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