CN1931963A - Pre-treating process for preparing biological diesel oil with waste animal and vegetable oil - Google Patents

Pre-treating process for preparing biological diesel oil with waste animal and vegetable oil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1931963A
CN1931963A CNA2006101167163A CN200610116716A CN1931963A CN 1931963 A CN1931963 A CN 1931963A CN A2006101167163 A CNA2006101167163 A CN A2006101167163A CN 200610116716 A CN200610116716 A CN 200610116716A CN 1931963 A CN1931963 A CN 1931963A
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oil
diesel oil
treating process
preparing biological
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CN100500809C (en
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叶正尧
陶钧
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Shanghai Lvming Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.
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叶正尧
陶钧
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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Abstract

The present invention is pre-treating process of waste animal and vegetable oil for preparing biological diesel oil, and features that the technological process includes the following steps: clarifying the material oil in a clarifying tank; pumping the clarified oil into oil refining tank; adding water, salt or sulfuric acid for hydration, salting out or aciding out; stilling to layer; taking the upper layer of oil phase to vacuum drier for vacuum drying; filtering; and vacuum evaporating and/or distilling to obtain product with fatty acid and glyceride as two main components. Compared with available technology, the present invention has the advantages of simple technological process, low cost, low power consumption, high product purity, etc.

Description

The pre-treating process of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease
[technical field]
What the present invention relates to is the preconditioning technique field of waste animal and vegetable oil, specifically a kind of pre-treating process of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease.
[technical background]
As everyone knows, existing pre-processing device to waste animal and vegetable oil mainly is made of settling tank, filter plant and separating device, method commonly used in the technology has: 1, precipitation, oil skimming operation, generally put into settling tank with a constant volume, place a couple of days, skim the oiliness material from liquid level again; 2, filter, remove miscellaneous operation, general owing at present preparation biofuel pretreatment technology is not also caused enough attention, the research report is few through carrying out filter operation after the dehydration, and the oil product kind that relates to is single, so technology is simple, coarse; 3, hydrolysis operation is separated waste animal and vegetable oil usually through highly pressured hydrolysis, middle setting-out.Use the glyceryl ester hydrolysis to generate the mixture of croude fatty acids and glycerol liquor.Again croude fatty acids is carried out the esterification technique operation again through the croude fatty acids that distillation procedure obtains higher AV>180 of purity through the layering separation.
Said apparatus and method can only be removed solid impurity, reduce the moisture of raw material abendoned oil.But often can not remove and the separation of organic substances component.Carry out sedimentation, oil skimming to the preliminary treatment of solid mechanical impurity as waste animal and vegetable oil is adopted, dewatering removes moisture content again, enters esterification technique at last.Since only adopt simple process operation, to the complex component of raw material waste animal and vegetable oil, and the difference of the physico-chemical property of following, will produce very big influence to adopting esterification and ester exchange process.Can not satisfy the requirement of stably manufactured and quality product.As waste animal and vegetable oil is adopted be hydrolyzed isolate subnatant water and glycerine after, distill again, obtain lipid acid then, carry out esterification at last again, make biofuel (fatty acid methyl ester).This method major defect is that operation is many, and facility investment is big, and especially energy expenditure is big; Hydrolysis time is long; Glycerol liquor concentration is low, utilizes difficulty.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technology simple, can be widely used in the pretreatment technology of the preparation biofuel of different sorts waste animal and vegetable oil.
For achieving the above object, design a kind of pre-treating process of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease, processing step is: pour stock oil at oil-filtering box, after pump enters rendering tank, adding entry or salt or sulfuric acid carries out aquation, saltouts or acid out, standing demix, remove subnatant, upper oil phase is sent into vacuum drier, pass through filter then, filter the back and under high vacuum, evaporate, distill or evaporate and distill combination process, thereby obtain lipid acid and two kinds of main ingredients of glyceryl ester, and enter esterification technique at last respectively.
Aquation, saltout and the technical requirements and the technical parameter of acid out technology: the amount of water during aquation is the heavy 5%-8% of material; Can add its add-on of solid salt when saltouing is the heavy 0.2%-0.3% of material; Can directly add the 98% above vitriol oil during acid out, add-on is the heavy 0.2%-0.3% of material.But add-on should be done suitable adjustment according to the material quality.
Vacuum drying technical requirements and technical parameter: vacuum drying temperature is at 90 ℃-110 ℃, and absolute pressure is below 8Kpa.
The technical requirements of filtration process and technical parameter: its filtration temperature is selected suitable filter according to impurity content and granularity about 80 ℃, reach the requirement of ether insolubles 0.1%.
The technical requirements of evaporation technology and technical parameter: it is selected with efficient rotor segment film type evaporated form, and its vaporization temperature is at 220 ℃-250 ℃.
The technical requirements of distil process and technical parameter: add the superheated open steam in the distillation plant, add-on is the heavy 1%-3% of material, presenting material fully stirs with material and fully contacts with steam, reach the purpose of stripping (distillation) lipid acid, temperature of charge is more than 160 ℃ during distillation, and gas phase temperature should be less than 250 ℃.
Described lipid acid AV>180.
Described glyceryl ester AV<3.
Waste animal and vegetable oil itself is a kind of mixture that contains different quantities glyceryl ester and lipid acid, and its reaction in producing biofuel (fatty acid methyl ester) process of these two kinds of materials is respectively esterification and transesterification reaction.Therefore its reaction product also is not quite similar, and two kinds of main ingredients of stock oil is separated in preprocessing process, adopts different technology conditions and method to react again respectively, will help reacting fully, produce the assurance of stable and quality product.The present invention adopts evaporation, distillation or novel evaporation/distillation associated plant, stock oil main ingredient lipid acid (AV>180) is separated (when raw material condition is relatively poor with low acid number grease (AV<3), to low acid number oil component, sometimes also will make its acid number reach AV<3 by adding the alkali neutralization reaction), and then carry out esterification and transesterification reaction respectively and will obtain gratifying effect.Under normal circumstances, the methyl esters content of its reaction generation all can reach more than 98%.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages: technological operation is simple, number of devices is few, investment is saved relatively, consuming little energy, applied widely, the lipid acid of gained and glyceryl ester purity height, thus lay a good foundation the final purpose that realizes improving biodiesel production rate for esterification (transesterify) technology.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1,1 for removal of impurities, and 2 be aquation, and 3 be dry, and 4 for filtering, and 5 for evaporating, distill, 6 be lipid acid, glyceride.
[embodiment]
Example one: 50 kilograms of the sewer oils of collecting in the area, Shanghai, its water content 70%, greasy acid number AV is 140, grease (because of removing moisture and solid impurity) through 14.00 kilograms of this processes acquisitions enters evaporation/distillation associated plant acquisition: the glyceryl ester of 9.50 kilograms and 4.30 kilograms AV<3 of lipid acid of AV>180, and enter esterification step respectively.
Example two: 50 kilograms of the food and drink abendoned oils of collecting in the area, Shanghai, its water content 30%.Greasy acid number AV is 20, obtains 34.20 kilograms of greases through this processes and enters evaporation/distillation associated plant acquisition: the glyceryl ester of 3.30 kilograms and 30.50 kilograms AV<3 of lipid acid of AV>180, and enter esterification step respectively.
Example three: with the AV of pretreatment technology gained of the present invention is after 198 lipid acid enters esterification step, to use the biological enzyme reaction, and methyl ester conversion rate is up to 99%.
Example four: with the AV of pretreatment technology gained of the present invention is after 2.20 glyceryl ester enters esterification step, to use basic catalyst to carry out transesterification reaction, and methyl ester conversion rate is up to 98%.

Claims (8)

1. the pre-treating process of a preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease, it is characterized in that processing step is: pour stock oil at oil-filtering box, after pump enters rendering tank, add entry or salt or sulfuric acid and carry out aquation, saltout or acid out, standing demix is removed subnatant, upper oil phase is sent into vacuum drier, pass through filter then, filter the back and under high vacuum, evaporate, distill or evaporate and distill combination process, thereby obtain lipid acid and two kinds of main ingredients of glyceryl ester.
2. the pre-treating process of a kind of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that aquation, saltout and the technical requirements and the technical parameter of acid out technology: the amount of water during aquation is the heavy 5%-8% of material; Can add its add-on of solid salt when saltouing is the heavy 0.2%-0.3% of material; Can directly add the 98% above vitriol oil during acid out, add-on is the heavy 0.2%-0.3% of material.But add-on should be done suitable adjustment according to the material quality.
3. the pre-treating process of a kind of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that vacuum drying technical requirements and technical parameter: vacuum drying temperature is at 90 ℃-110 ℃, and absolute pressure is below 8Kpa.
4. the pre-treating process of a kind of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease as claimed in claim 1, the technical requirements and the technical parameter that it is characterized in that filtration process: its filtration temperature is about 80 ℃, select suitable filter according to impurity content and granularity, reach the requirement of ether insolubles 0.1%.
5. the pre-treating process of a kind of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease as claimed in claim 1, the technical requirements and the technical parameter that it is characterized in that evaporation technology: it is selected with efficient rotor segment film type evaporated form, and its vaporization temperature is at 220 ℃-250 ℃.
6. the pre-treating process of a kind of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease as claimed in claim 1, the technical requirements and the technical parameter that it is characterized in that distil process: add the superheated open steam in the distillation plant, add-on is the heavy 1%-3% of material, presenting material fully stirs with material and fully contacts with steam, reach the purpose of distilled fatty acid, temperature of charge is more than 160 ℃ during distillation, and gas phase temperature should be less than 250 ℃.
7. the pre-treating process of a kind of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described lipid acid AV>180.
8. the pre-treating process of a kind of preparing biological diesel oil from waste animals and plants grease as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described glyceryl ester AV<3.
CNB2006101167163A 2006-09-29 2006-09-29 Pre-treating process for preparing biological diesel oil with waste animal and vegetable oil Expired - Fee Related CN100500809C (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101260312A (en) * 2008-04-29 2008-09-10 邓楚柏 Method for producing biological diesel oil
CN101550349A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-07 西安市宝润实业发展有限公司 Method for preparing biodiesel by supercritical technology
KR101418283B1 (en) 2014-02-26 2014-07-10 포시즌이앤이 주식회사 Fatty acid production using waste cooking device
CN109126813A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-01-04 龙岩卓越新能源股份有限公司 Utilize the method for waste animal and plant fat production atoleine
CN109897731A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-06-18 淮南泉润环保科技有限公司 A method of utilizing preparing fatty acid by illegal cooking oil
CN111876265A (en) * 2020-08-19 2020-11-03 四川金尚环保科技有限公司 High-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system and method
CN111909793A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-11-10 易高生物化工科技(张家港)有限公司 Pretreatment method of high-chlorine waste grease

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101550349A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-07 西安市宝润实业发展有限公司 Method for preparing biodiesel by supercritical technology
CN101260312A (en) * 2008-04-29 2008-09-10 邓楚柏 Method for producing biological diesel oil
CN101260312B (en) * 2008-04-29 2013-07-03 邓楚柏 Method for producing biological diesel oil
KR101418283B1 (en) 2014-02-26 2014-07-10 포시즌이앤이 주식회사 Fatty acid production using waste cooking device
CN109126813A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-01-04 龙岩卓越新能源股份有限公司 Utilize the method for waste animal and plant fat production atoleine
CN109897731A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-06-18 淮南泉润环保科技有限公司 A method of utilizing preparing fatty acid by illegal cooking oil
CN111909793A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-11-10 易高生物化工科技(张家港)有限公司 Pretreatment method of high-chlorine waste grease
CN111876265A (en) * 2020-08-19 2020-11-03 四川金尚环保科技有限公司 High-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system and method

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