CN111876265A - High-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system and method - Google Patents

High-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111876265A
CN111876265A CN202010839705.8A CN202010839705A CN111876265A CN 111876265 A CN111876265 A CN 111876265A CN 202010839705 A CN202010839705 A CN 202010839705A CN 111876265 A CN111876265 A CN 111876265A
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oil
pretreatment
settling tank
waste animal
vegetable oil
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徐兴
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Sichuan Jinshang Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Sichuan Jinshang Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system and method, which solve the problem that CL-containing waste animal and vegetable oil often exists after pretreatment in the prior art‑The salt exceeding standard can not reach the raw oil standard for producing the second generation biodiesel. The pretreatment equipment comprises a pretreatment settling tank, a flash drying tower, a three-phase centrifuge, an electric heater, a waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe, a water conveying pipe and a secondary washing tank. The pretreatment method mainly comprises the steps of injecting waste animal and vegetable oil into a pretreatment settling tank, heating, injecting clear water, washing and settling, taking supernatant oil liquid, filtering, flashing and dehydrating to obtain raw oil meeting the standard for producing secondary biodiesel, separating and treating slag and oil in the process, and conventionally washing and storing the obtained residual oil as a byproduct.

Description

High-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste animal and vegetable oil recovery treatment production equipment, and particularly relates to a high-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system and a method thereof.
Background
The catering waste animal and vegetable oil is the main raw material source for producing the biodiesel, the catering waste animal and vegetable oil needs to be pretreated at the beginning of producing the biodiesel, namely, the catering waste animal and vegetable oil is precipitated and filtered to remove water, impurities and colloid and then can become raw oil of the biodiesel, and the raw oil is filteredThe composition also contains salts, pigment and colloid, wherein the salts mainly comprise CL-、S2-And the like, and the colloid is mainly in the form of starch.
The biodiesel is developed from the early first-generation biodiesel to the current second-generation biodiesel, and the early first-generation biodiesel has less fatty acid methyl ester blending, higher condensation point and low utilization rate. The second-generation biodiesel is alkane biodiesel which is generated by the reaction of grease (raw oil) and hydrogen under the working conditions of 300-400 ℃ and 5-7 atmospheric pressures, and the second-generation biodiesel has low condensation point, can be mixed with diesel in any proportion and can also be independently used as the diesel. When the second-generation biodiesel is produced, the requirements on raw oil formed by pretreating waste animal and vegetable oil are high, the water impurity is required to be less than 1%, the unsaponifiable matter is required to be less than 0.3%, and the CL content is required to be contained-Less than 30ppm of salts and S2-The salt content is less than 50 ppm. The existing pretreatment mode of waste animal and vegetable oil can not reach the standard of raw oil required by large-scale production of second-generation biodiesel.
Therefore, the invention designs a high-chlorine content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system and a method thereof, designs a special pretreatment settling tank, and adopts a high-temperature (70-80 ℃) working condition to add 5% of clear water by mass for natural settling, so that the pretreated raw oil can meet the production requirement of the second-generation biodiesel, and simultaneously, the treatment efficiency and the yield can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a high-chlorine content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system and a method thereof, which solve the problem that CL-containing waste animal and vegetable oil is frequently existed after large-scale pretreatment in the prior art-The salt exceeding standard can not reach the raw oil standard for producing the second generation biodiesel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system with high chlorine content comprises a pretreatment settling tank for washing and settling waste animal and vegetable oil, a flash evaporation drying tower which is connected out from the pretreatment settling tank and used for dehydrating supernatant oil liquid of washing and settling, and a three-phase centrifuge which is connected out from the pretreatment settling tank and used for separating washing, settling and slag oil;
an electric heater for heating waste animal and vegetable oil is arranged in the pretreatment settling tank, a waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe for injecting the waste animal and vegetable oil into the pretreatment settling tank and a water conveying pipe for conveying clear water into the pretreatment settling tank are arranged on the pretreatment settling tank, a water outlet of the water conveying pipe is positioned at the top of the pretreatment settling tank, an overhauling crawling ladder is arranged in the pretreatment settling tank, and the height-diameter ratio of the pretreatment settling tank is 12: 6;
one outlet of the three-phase centrifuge is connected with a secondary washing tank for carrying out secondary washing on oil materials separated from the sinking slag oil materials, and the other two outlets are respectively connected with a slag material harmless treatment system for carrying out harmless treatment on slag materials separated from the sinking slag oil materials and a sewage treatment system for carrying out harmless treatment on sewage separated from the sinking slag oil materials.
Furthermore, the water delivery pipe is provided with a pipeline heater, a flowmeter and a water pump.
Furthermore, a first oil pump is arranged on the waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe.
Furthermore, an oil delivery pipe is connected between the flash drying tower and the pretreatment settling tank, and a second oil pump is arranged on the oil delivery pipe.
Furthermore, a bag filter is arranged at an oil outlet of the oil delivery pipe.
Furthermore, a slag oil outlet pipe is arranged between the pretreatment settling tank and the three-phase centrifugal machine, and a third oil pump is arranged on the slag oil outlet pipe.
Further, the electric heater is a coil pipe type electric heater and is positioned at the inner bottom of the pretreatment settling tank.
Furthermore, an emptying pipe in an inverted U shape is arranged on the pretreatment settling tank.
The pretreatment method of the high-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting a first oil pump to inject quantitative waste animal and vegetable oil into a pretreatment settling tank;
step 2, starting an electric heater to heat the waste animal and vegetable oil in the pretreatment settling tank to 70-80 ℃;
step 3, after the temperature of the waste animal and vegetable oil rises to 70-80 ℃, starting a water pump to quantitatively inject clear water into the pretreatment settling tank, so that the clear water is mixed into the waste animal and vegetable oil from the top surface of the waste animal and vegetable oil;
step 4, naturally settling the pretreatment settling tank for 24-36 h;
step 5, starting a second oil pump, filtering supernatant oil naturally settled in the pretreatment settling tank through a bag filter, and then entering a flash drying tower for flash evaporation and dehydration to obtain raw oil for producing the second-generation biodiesel;
and 6, starting a third oil pump to enable the slag oil to enter a three-phase centrifuge for separation, enabling the separated oil to enter a secondary water washing tank for washing and recycling, enabling the separated sewage to enter a sewage treatment system, and enabling the separated slag to enter a slag harmless treatment system.
Further, in the step 3, the amount of the injected clean water is 5% of the volume of the waste animal and vegetable oil in the pretreatment settling tank; preferably, in the step 3, when the water pump is started to inject the clean water, the pipeline heater is started to heat the injected clean water to 40-50 ℃; preferably, in the step 4, the temperature of the oil in the pretreatment settling tank is maintained at 70-80 ℃ during natural settling of the pretreatment settling tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has simple structure, scientific and reasonable design and convenient use, designs the special pretreatment settling tank, and adopts the working condition of high temperature (70-80 ℃) and natural settling by adding 5% by mass of clear water, thereby not only leading the pretreated raw oil to meet the production requirement of the second-generation biodiesel, but also improving the treatment efficiency and the yield.
The invention comprises a pretreatment settling tank, a flash drying tower, a three-phase centrifuge and a secondary water washing tank, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the pretreatment settling tank is 12: 6, the pretreatment settling tank is provided with a waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe, a water conveying pipe and an emptying pipe, and the pretreatment settling tank is provided with a waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe, a water conveying pipe and an emptying pipeThe secondary washing tank is connected with the three-phase centrifuge through a pipeline, a proper amount of waste animal and vegetable oil is injected into the pretreatment settling tank through a waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe, the waste animal and vegetable oil is heated to 70-80 ℃ through a coil electric heater, then clear water with 5% of the waste animal and vegetable oil is injected into the pretreatment settling tank through a water conveying pipe, the clear water is heated to 40-50 ℃ through a pipeline heater in the water conveying pipe, the clear water is injected from the top surface of the waste animal and vegetable oil, the clear water is settled from top to bottom in the pretreatment settling tank and washes the waste animal and vegetable oil to take away water-soluble impurities, salt and the like, meanwhile, the waste animal and vegetable oil is settled and settled in the pretreatment settling tank to separate water, impurities and colloid, and the process lasts for 24-36 hours, after the sedimentation and precipitation are finished, the waste animal and vegetable oil is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer in a pretreatment sedimentation tank, the upper layer is clear oil liquid which is water-containing raw oil, the lower layer is slag oil, through the process, the upper clear oil can reach 90 percent, the oil inlet of the oil delivery pipe is positioned slightly above the layering position of the waste animal and vegetable oil in the pretreatment settling tank, at the moment, the second oil pump is started to convey the upper clear oil to the flash evaporation drying tower, the upper clear oil is filtered by the bag filter, the raw oil used for producing the second generation biodiesel can be obtained by flash evaporation and dehydration in a flash evaporation drying tower, after the upper layer clear oil is discharged, a third oil pump is started to discharge the slag oil in the pretreatment settling tank, the slag oil is separated by a three-phase centrifuge, the water in the biological diesel oil is conveyed to a sewage treatment system in a biological diesel oil production system for harmless treatment and then is recycled to save water; the slag in the system is conveyed to a slag harmless treatment system in a biodiesel production system for harmless treatment so as to protect the environment; the oil liquid in the system enters a secondary washing tank for washing and recovery, the secondary washing tank is washed by adopting a common washing process, the oil liquid after being washed by the secondary washing tank is stored as an intermediate product and not used as a biodiesel raw material, and the pretreatment process is finished. The raw oil treated by the process has the water impurity content of less than 1 percent, the unsaponifiable matter content of less than 0.3 percent and CL-containing-Less than 30ppm of salts and S2-The salt content is less than 50ppm, and is secondaryRaw oil standard for biodiesel production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Wherein, the names corresponding to the reference numbers are:
1-pretreatment settling tank, 2-flash evaporation drying tower, 3-three-phase centrifuge, 4-secondary water washing tank, 5-electric heater, 6-waste animal and vegetable oil delivery pipe, 7-water delivery pipe, 8-pipeline heater, 9-flowmeter, 10-water pump, 11-first oil pump, 12-oil delivery pipe, 13-second oil pump, 14-bag filter, 15-evacuation pipe, 16-slag oil outlet pipe, 17-third oil pump, 18-maintenance ladder stand, 19-slag harmless treatment system and 20-sewage treatment system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; of course, mechanical connection and electrical connection are also possible; alternatively, they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in figure 1, the intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system with high chlorine content provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, scientific and reasonable design and convenient use, and a special pretreatment settling tank is designed, and 5% by mass of clear water is added for natural settling under the working condition of high temperature (70-80 ℃), so that the pretreated raw oil meets the production requirements of second-generation biodiesel, and the treatment efficiency and the yield can be improved. The invention comprises a pretreatment settling tank 1 for washing and settling waste animal and vegetable oil, a flash evaporation drying tower 2 connected out of the pretreatment settling tank 1 and used for dehydrating supernatant oil liquid of washing and settling, and a three-phase centrifuge 3 connected out of the pretreatment settling tank 1 and used for separating washing, settling and settling residue oil.
An electric heater 5 for heating waste animal and vegetable oil in a pretreatment settling tank 1 is arranged in the pretreatment settling tank 1, a waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe 6 for injecting the waste animal and vegetable oil into the pretreatment settling tank 1 and a water conveying pipe 7 for conveying clear water into the pretreatment settling tank are arranged on the pretreatment settling tank 1, a water outlet of the water conveying pipe 7 is positioned at the top in the pretreatment settling tank 1, an overhauling ladder stand 18 is arranged in the pretreatment settling tank 1, and the height-diameter ratio of the pretreatment settling tank 1 is 12: 6.
One outlet of the three-phase centrifuge 3 is connected with a secondary washing tank 4 for carrying out secondary washing on oil materials separated from sinking slag oil materials, and the other two outlets are respectively connected with a slag material harmless treatment system 19 for carrying out harmless treatment on slag materials separated from the sinking slag oil materials and a sewage treatment system 20 for carrying out harmless treatment on sewage separated from the sinking slag oil materials.
The water delivery pipe 7 is provided with a pipe heater 8, a flowmeter 9 and a water pump 10. The waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe 6 is provided with a first oil pump 11. An oil delivery pipe 12 is connected between the flash drying tower 2 and the pretreatment settling tank 1, and a second oil pump 13 is arranged on the oil delivery pipe 12. The oil outlet of the oil delivery pipe 12 is provided with a bag filter 14. A slag oil outlet pipe 16 is arranged between the pretreatment settling tank 1 and the three-phase centrifuge 3, and a third oil pump 17 is arranged on the slag oil outlet pipe 16. The electric heater 5 is a coil pipe type electric heater, and the electric heater 5 is positioned at the inner bottom of the pretreatment settling tank 1. The pretreatment settling tank 1 is provided with an inverted U-shaped emptying pipe 15.
The invention comprises a pretreatment settling tank, a flash evaporation drying tower, a three-phase centrifuge and a secondary water washing tank, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the pretreatment settling tank is 12: 6, the pretreatment settling tank is provided with a waste animal and vegetable oil delivery pipe, a water delivery pipe and an emptying pipe, the pretreatment settling tank is connected with the flash evaporation drying tower and the three-phase centrifuge through pipelines, the secondary water washing tank is connected with the three-phase centrifuge through a pipeline, a proper amount of waste animal and vegetable oil is injected into the pretreatment settling tank through the waste animal and vegetable oil delivery pipe, the waste animal and vegetable oil is heated to 70-80 ℃ through heating of a coil electric heater, then clear water with 5% of the waste animal and vegetable oil content is injected into the pretreatment settling tank through the water delivery pipe, the clear water is heated to 40-50 ℃ through a pipeline heater in the water delivery pipe, the clear water is injected from the top surface of the waste animal and vegetable oil, the clear water is settled in the pretreatment settling tank and washes, Salt is divided, meanwhile, the waste animal and vegetable oil is subjected to sedimentation in a pretreatment sedimentation tank to precipitate water, impurities and colloid, the process lasts for 24-36 hours, after the sedimentation is finished, the waste animal and vegetable oil is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer in the pretreatment sedimentation tank, the upper layer is clear oil liquid which is water-containing raw oil, the lower layer is residue oil, through the process, the clear oil liquid at the upper layer can reach 90% of the amount of the waste animal and vegetable oil to be treated, an oil inlet of an oil conveying pipe is positioned slightly above the layering position of the waste animal and vegetable oil in the pretreatment sedimentation tank, at the moment, a second oil pump is started to convey the clear oil liquid at the upper layer to a flash drying tower, the clear oil liquid at the upper layer is filtered by a bag filter and then is subjected to flash dehydration in the flash drying tower to obtain the raw oil for producing the second-generation biodiesel, after the clear oil liquid at the upper layer is discharged, a third oil pump is started to discharge the residue,separating the slag oil material by a three-phase centrifuge, and conveying the water content of the slag oil material to a sewage treatment system in a biodiesel production system for harmless treatment and recycling so as to save water; the slag in the system is conveyed to a slag harmless treatment system in a biodiesel production system for harmless treatment so as to protect the environment; the oil liquid in the system enters a secondary washing tank for washing and recovery, the secondary washing tank is washed by adopting a common washing process, the oil liquid after being washed by the secondary washing tank is stored as an intermediate product and not used as a biodiesel raw material, and the pretreatment process is finished. The raw oil treated by the process has the water impurity content of less than 1 percent, the unsaponifiable matter content of less than 0.3 percent and CL-containing-Less than 30ppm of salts and S2-The salt content is less than 50ppm, which meets the raw oil standard for secondary biodiesel production. The traditional washing sedimentation method not only contains CL-、S2-The salt content exceeds the standard, the required clear water amount reaches 15 percent of the amount of the waste animal and vegetable oil, the generated waste water amount is large, and the sewage treatment capacity is large. And the yield of the clear oil liquid can only reach 80 percent of the amount of the waste animal and vegetable oil.
The invention provides a pretreatment method of a high-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1, starting a first oil pump to inject quantitative waste animal and vegetable oil into a pretreatment settling tank;
step 2, starting an electric heater to heat the waste animal and vegetable oil in the pretreatment settling tank to 70-80 ℃;
step 3, after the temperature of the waste animal and vegetable oil rises to 70-80 ℃, starting a water pump to quantitatively inject clear water into the pretreatment settling tank, so that the clear water is mixed into the waste animal and vegetable oil from the top surface of the waste animal and vegetable oil;
step 4, naturally settling the pretreatment settling tank for 24-36 h;
step 5, starting a second oil pump, filtering supernatant oil naturally settled in the pretreatment settling tank through a bag filter, and then entering a flash drying tower for flash evaporation and dehydration to obtain raw oil for producing the second-generation biodiesel;
and 6, starting a third oil pump to enable the slag oil to enter a three-phase centrifuge for separation, enabling the separated oil to enter a secondary water washing tank for washing and recycling, enabling the separated sewage to enter a sewage treatment system, and enabling the separated slag to enter a slag harmless treatment system.
In the step 3, the amount of the injected clear water is 5% of the volume of the waste animal and vegetable oil in the pretreatment settling tank; preferably, in the step 3, when the water pump is started to inject the clean water, the pipeline heater is started to heat the injected clean water to 40-50 ℃; preferably, in the step 4, the temperature of the oil in the pretreatment settling tank is maintained at 70-80 ℃ during natural settling of the pretreatment settling tank.
The raw oil treated by the process has the water impurity content of less than 1 percent, unsaponifiable matter content of less than 0.3 percent and CL-containing-Less than 30ppm of salts and S2-The salt content is less than 50ppm, which meets the raw oil standard for secondary biodiesel production. The traditional washing sedimentation method not only contains CL-、S2-The salt content exceeds the standard, the required clear water amount reaches 15 percent of the amount of the waste animal and vegetable oil, the generated waste water amount is large, and the sewage treatment capacity is large. And the yield of the clear oil liquid can only reach 80 percent of the amount of the waste animal and vegetable oil.
According to the invention, the waste animal and vegetable oil is pretreated by the equipment and the process, so that the standard of raw oil used for secondary biodiesel production can be met, compared with the traditional waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment, the amount of clean water and produced wastewater in the large-scale production process is low, the water resource and wastewater treatment cost are saved, the yield of waste animal and vegetable oil treatment can be obviously improved, the practicability is strong, and the method is suitable for being widely popularized and applied in the technical field.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the technical solutions, and certainly not to limit the patent scope of the present invention; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; that is, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention, which are not substantially changed or supplemented by the spirit and the concept of the main body of the present invention, are still consistent with the present invention and shall be included in the scope of the present invention; in addition, the technical scheme of the invention is directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and the technical scheme is included in the patent protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system with high chlorine content is characterized by comprising a pretreatment settling tank (1) for washing and settling waste animal and vegetable oil, a flash evaporation drying tower (2) which is connected out from the pretreatment settling tank (1) and is used for dehydrating supernatant oil liquid of washing and settling, and a three-phase centrifuge (3) which is connected out from the pretreatment settling tank (1) and is used for separating washing, settling and sediment oil;
an electric heater (5) used for heating waste animal and vegetable oil is arranged in the pretreatment settling tank (1), a waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe (6) used for injecting the waste animal and vegetable oil into the pretreatment settling tank (1) and a water conveying pipe (7) used for conveying clear water into the pretreatment settling tank are arranged on the pretreatment settling tank (1), a water outlet of the water conveying pipe (7) is positioned at the top in the pretreatment settling tank (1), an overhauling ladder stand (18) is arranged in the pretreatment settling tank (1), and the height-diameter ratio of the pretreatment settling tank (1) is 12: 6;
one outlet of the three-phase centrifuge (3) is connected with a secondary water washing tank (4) for carrying out secondary water washing on oil materials separated from sinking slag oil materials, and the rest two outlets are respectively connected to a slag material harmless treatment system for carrying out harmless treatment on slag materials separated from the sinking slag oil materials and a sewage treatment system for carrying out harmless treatment on sewage separated from the sinking slag oil materials.
2. The pretreatment system of the high-chlorine content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil and fat as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pipeline heater (8), a flowmeter (9) and a water pump (10) are arranged on the water delivery pipe (7).
3. The intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system with high chlorine content according to claim 1, characterized in that a first oil pump (11) is arranged on the waste animal and vegetable oil conveying pipe (6).
4. The pretreatment system for the high-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil and fat according to claim 1, wherein an oil delivery pipe (12) is connected between the flash drying tower (2) and the pretreatment settling tank (1), and a second oil pump (13) is arranged on the oil delivery pipe (12).
5. The intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil and fat pretreatment system with high chlorine content according to claim 4, characterized in that a bag filter (14) is arranged at the oil outlet of the oil delivery pipe (12).
6. The pretreatment system of the high-chlorine content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil and fat as claimed in claim 1, wherein a slag oil material outlet pipe (16) is arranged between the pretreatment settling tank (1) and the three-phase centrifuge (3), and a third oil pump (17) is arranged on the slag oil material outlet pipe (16).
7. The pretreatment system for high chlorine content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable fats and oils according to claim 1, wherein the electric heater (5) is a coil type electric heater, and the electric heater (5) is located at the inner bottom of the pretreatment settling tank (1).
8. The pretreatment system for the intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil with high chlorine content according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment settling tank (1) is provided with an inverted U-shaped emptying pipe (15).
9. The pretreatment method of the high-chlorine-content intermittent large-scale waste animal and vegetable oil pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, starting a first oil pump to inject quantitative waste animal and vegetable oil into a pretreatment settling tank;
step 2, starting an electric heater to heat the waste animal and vegetable oil in the pretreatment settling tank to 70-80 ℃;
step 3, after the temperature of the waste animal and vegetable oil rises to 70-80 ℃, starting a water pump to quantitatively inject clear water into the pretreatment settling tank, so that the clear water is mixed into the waste animal and vegetable oil from the top surface of the waste animal and vegetable oil;
step 4, naturally settling the pretreatment settling tank for 24-36 h;
step 5, starting a second oil pump, filtering supernatant oil naturally settled in the pretreatment settling tank through a bag filter, and then entering a flash drying tower for flash evaporation and dehydration to obtain raw oil for producing the second-generation biodiesel;
and 6, starting a third oil pump to enable the slag oil to enter a three-phase centrifuge for separation, enabling the separated oil to enter a secondary water washing tank for washing and recycling, enabling the separated sewage to enter a sewage treatment system, and enabling the separated slag to enter a slag harmless treatment system.
10. The pretreatment method according to claim 9, wherein in the step 3, the amount of the injected clean water is 5% of the volume of the waste animal and vegetable oil and fat in the pretreatment settling tank; preferably, in the step 3, when the water pump is started to inject the clean water, the pipeline heater is started to heat the injected clean water to 40-50 ℃; preferably, in the step 4, the temperature of the oil in the pretreatment settling tank is maintained at 70-80 ℃ during natural settling of the pretreatment settling tank.
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