CN1931740A - Mining area acid water treating process in the source - Google Patents
Mining area acid water treating process in the source Download PDFInfo
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- CN1931740A CN1931740A CNA2006100962191A CN200610096219A CN1931740A CN 1931740 A CN1931740 A CN 1931740A CN A2006100962191 A CNA2006100962191 A CN A2006100962191A CN 200610096219 A CN200610096219 A CN 200610096219A CN 1931740 A CN1931740 A CN 1931740A
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- reducing bacteria
- sulfate radical
- mining area
- radical reducing
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Abstract
The mining area acidic water treating method in the source is to treat the naturally produced acidic water with microbes, and, specially, sulfate radical reducing bacteria and/or anaerobic matter with rich sulfate radical reducing bacteria and nutritious organic matter are added into incoming water or output water of mining area. First, the density of sulfate radical reducing bacteria in water is maintained in 2000-1000000/ml, and nutritious organic matter containing C, N and P are added for the bacteria to propagate, so as to make the water flowing out of the mining area have pH 6-8. The said method can prevent formation of mining area acidic water and treat mining area acidic water radically.
Description
One, the technicalfield
The invention relates to a method for treating pollutants, in particular to a method for treating acid water, and specifically relates to a method for treating and preventing the acid water from the source of mining areas.
Second, background Art
The treatment of acid water, which is a pollutant, is widely studied and practiced, and is acid water discharged from industrial processes or acid rain caused by acidic oxides discharged therefrom. In addition, Acid water generated in natural processes, such as water flowing through a Mine, ore or slag of metal sulfides, forms Acid water, which is called Mine Acid water (AMD). In nature, many metal sulfide minerals, such as iron, cadmium, manganese, copper, bismuth, antimony, silver, arsenic and the like, can generate sulfide ores with sulfur, such as pyrite, manganite, cadmium sulfide, silver sulfide, stibnite, chalcocite, bismuthate, molybdenite, argentite and the like, and human mining activities greatly aggravate AMD emission and influence range, which is one of typical examples of environment influenced by human activities. With the progress of science and technology and human civilization, the harmfulness of AMD and the urgency of its management have been recognized by more and more people.
AMD is formed because metal sulfides undergo oxidation-reduction with Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in water, and sulfur is oxidized to sulfuric acid, rendering the water strongly acidic (pH 2). With pyrite (FeS)2) For example, this chemistry can be represented by the following simplified formula:
AMD can dissolve many heavy metals into the most toxic free ionic state for humans and the environment, causing secondary pollution. The area through which AMD flows is immortal, and the animals are extinct. If drinking water is polluted, heavy metal toxicity can cause serious miscarriage such as death of various chronic diseases, strange diseases and cancers.
The current treatment technologies of AMD comprise alkali neutralization, wetland, bioreactor, biological reaction tank, chemical reaction tank, membrane filtration and the like, which aim at the formed and flowed acid water, so that the AMD treatment technology belongs to passive and tail end treatment. Since metal sulfides are the source of AMD, or metal sulfide mines, ores, slags, etc., are the source of AMD, passive remediation faces the cost of almost unlimited amounts of acid water, indefinitely long periods, and no bottom holes, and is insurmountable. In addition, most passive treatment devices are outdoor facilities, are greatly influenced by environmental factors such as four seasons, climate change and the like, and can cause additional technical faults, so that the operation effect of passive treatment is also unstable.
Third, the invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment method for radically treating AMD from the source, aiming at solving the technical problem of inhibiting and avoiding the generation of AMD.
In mining areas containing metal sulfides, a considerable portion, even when mined, is buried underground, known as "deposits," whose formation AMD is due to underground water systems (including those that infiltrate from the surface), including inflow and outflow; the mined, beneficiated ore and slag of the mineral reserve is then piled up on the ground, which produces AMD from surface water, including inflow and outflow. The inflow refers to the incoming water that will flow through the source material (metal sulfide). The effluent refers to effluent which has flowed through the source material, and the effluent is AMD.
The invention is called source treatment, compared with the prior tail end treatment, and is used for treating the inflow water and the outflow water surrounding source substances, including underground and surface AMD treatment. The treatment of underground AMD benefits from the progress of modern physical exploration means, such as electromagnetic Exploration (EM) and the like, and the distribution and the trend of underground water systems flowing through a mining area, namely the distribution and the trend of inflow water and outflow water can be clearly ascertained.
The idea of the invention is to inhibit and avoid the generation of AMD by the biochemical action of a microorganism (SRB for short) taking sulfate-reducing Bacteria as a main flora. Sulfate reducing bacteria are anaerobic microorganisms existing in nature, such as sludge of sewage treatment plants, sludge of rivers, lakes, ditches, ponds and the like, wetland and other anaerobic environment substances, which have sulfate reducing bacteria as main flora, and are called as sulfate reducing bacteria-rich anaerobic environment substances in the invention. In addition, sulfate reducing bacteria can also be fermented and cultured, and the sulfate reducing bacteria obtained by artificial culture can be pure or mixed populations, are collectively called sulfate reducing bacteria in the invention, and have wide sources.
The source Treatment of the invention is the Treatment by using microorganisms, and is also called 'microbial source Treatment' (biological source Treatment), which can be called BST for short.
The treatment method comprises the steps of water system detection, water analysis and microorganism addition. The water system is found by means of physical exploration, the distribution and the trend of the incoming water and the outgoing waterand the water quantity in a determined range are found; the water analysis means that the acidity, sulfate radical, heavy metal, the content of dissolved total organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, the concentration and activity of sulfate radical reducing bacteria and the like in the incoming water, particularly AMD are analyzed by using a conventional chemical and biological method, and a basis is provided for adding microorganisms and nutritional organic matters thereof for the first time; the added microorganism refers to adding sulfate radical reducing bacteria or/and anaerobic environment substances rich in the sulfate radical reducing bacteria and nutrient organic matters thereof into the incoming water which is about to flow through the metal sulfide ore or/and the outgoing water which flows through the metal sulfide ore.
Because the varieties of the metal sulfide ores are different, the geographic environments of all the places are different, the geological conditions of the earth surface and the underground are different, and the parameters of water sources, water quality and AMD are different, the number of floras and nutrient organic matters needed for treating AMD are different, but experiments prove that the concentration of the floras of sulfate radical reducing bacteria in water is 2000-1000000/ml when the metal sulfide ores are added for the first time, the nutrient organic matters are selectively added according to the molar ratio of C: N: P which is 10: 0.2-6.0: 0.02-2.0, and the pH 6-8 of water flowing out of an ore area finally is used as a standard for adjusting and determining the optimal floras well as the nutrient organic matters.
The anaerobic environment substance rich in sulfate radical reducing bacteria is one or two of sludge of sewage treatment plants, sludge of rivers, lakes, ditches, ponds and the like, wetland sludge and the like to be mixed with sludge. If the concentration of the florain the anaerobic environment substance is insufficient, sulfate radical reducing bacteria cultured by artificial fermentation can be added.
The nutrient organic matter can be prepared by using known chemical fertilizers or chemical reagents rich in carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and can also be prepared by using waste water and waste residues rich in organic carbon, oxygen and phosphorus, such as waste water and waste residues discharged by food factories, candy factories, monosodium glutamate factories, dairy factories, pulp factories and the like.
The method for adding the metal sulfide ore and the slag accumulated on the ground surface in the mining area is that a biochemical treatment pool consisting of anaerobic environment substances rich in sulfate radical reducing bacteria or/and sulfate radical reducing bacteria and nutrient organic matters thereof is respectively arranged or simultaneously arranged on a path through which incoming water or/and outgoing water flow, and a 'wetland' created by the same artificial technology is used for respectively treating or sequentially treating the incoming water and the outgoing water, so that the pH of the water flowing out of the mining area is 6-8.
The method for adding the sulfide minerals to the underground metal sulfide minerals in the mining area comprises the steps of selecting points and drilling wells (holes) on the basis of exploring the distribution and trend of underground incoming water or/and outgoing water and calculating the total water amount, filling or pressurizing sulfate radical reducing bacteria or/and anaerobic environment substances rich in the sulfate radical reducing bacteria and nutrient organic matters thereof, digging ditches for superficial water systems, filling the anaerobic environment substances rich in the sulfate radical reducing bacteria or/and the sulfate radical reducing bacteria and the nutrient organic matters thereof in theditches, and respectively treating or sequentially treating the incoming water and the outgoing water to ensure that the pH of the water flowing out of the mining area is 6-8.
The method can inhibit the generation of AMD for the incoming water and reduce the acidity for the outgoing water, and is characterized in that firstly, the chemical tropism of the microorganism tends to SRB and adheres to source substances such as pyrite, and membranous colonies (also called biomembranes) are rapidly formed under the condition of sufficient nutrition to form a barrier layer to reject DO; second, the metabolic processes of SRB are strongly reductive and consume DO. Under acidic conditions, the metabolic processes of SRB consume protons, raising the pH, and sulfate is reduced as an electron acceptor, represented by the following equation:
metabolically generated H2S and Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr, Hg and the like dissolved in water generate precipitates, and H is removed2S and heavy metals. In addition, these precipitates are inter-entangled with the extracellular components of SRB to form a stable structure, and the SRB is made more reductive to further consume waterDO of (2). The reproduction and metabolism of SRB also consume organic matters in water to make waterThe COD and BOD of the sewage are reduced.
The treatment method radically treats the formation of AMD from the source, the pH value of the generated AMD can be increased from 2 to 7.5, the generated AMD is kept stable in a neutral range for at least 1-2 years, the content of heavy metal can be reduced to 0 at the minimum, and the AMD problem is completely solved.
Most of the wastes used by the treatment method belong to other fields, and the treatment method not only solves the AMD problem, but also solves the problems of waste water and waste residues in other fields.
Fourth, detailed description of the invention
Copper ore is taken as an example, and non-limiting examples are described as follows:
the copper ore flows into an ore area from the earth surface and underground water system, and a plurality of water outlets at the downstream are all strong-acid (pH is less than 3.0), and are rich in heavy metals including copper, iron, lead, zinc, nickel, mercury and the like.
BST is carried out as follows
1. The field exploration is carried out by using an electromagnetic Exploration (EM) technology, and the distribution and the trend of the inflow water and the outflow water are determined. And calculates the total water volume V of the source according to its range (length, width, depth).
2. On-site water sample collection, laboratory analysis of acidity, heavy metal content, sulfate radical, total Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P) and SRB concentration and activity. The test employs conventional chemical and biological assays.
And the DOC, the N and the P are measured to determine whether or not to add or how much nutrient organic matters are added according to the calculation of the ratio of C to N to P of 10 to 0.2-6 to 0.02-2.0. For example, the calculation result requires 1000 kg of dissolved organic c (doc) to be added as a substrate, and the selected waste is high-concentration waste water of a monosodium glutamate factory, wherein the content of DOS is 10%, and the total required waste water amount is 1000/10% ═ 10000 liters. And so on.
The concentration and the activity of the SRB flora are measured to determine how much SRB or/and SRB anaerobic environment substances are added for the first time so that the concentration of the SRB flora meets 2000-100000 per ml.
3. AMD treatment:
(1) treatment of the water from or to the effluent of the copper ore or copper slag
A biochemical treatment pool is respectively dug in the way of the flow paths of the water from the ore heap and the effluent, the pool is vertical to the direction of the water flow, and the size of the biochemical pool is determined according to the size of the water quantity on the premise of ensuring the balance of the water inlet and the water outlet, so that the water has enough detention time in the pool. The retention time is determined by whether the pH and the heavy metal content of the discharged water reach the standard or not.
Activated sludge of a domestic sewage treatment plant is filled into the pool, if the SRB in the sludge is insufficient, artificially cultured SRB can be added, the concentration of SRB flora in the sludge is 10000-20000/ml, and meanwhile, nutrient organic matters are added, so that the ratio of C to N to P is 10 to 1 to 0.3 (molar ratio). Randomly sampling and analyzing the treated AMD to ensure that the pH value is 7.5 and the content of each heavy metal meets the national emission standard.
(2) Treatment of inflow water or outflow water of underground copper mine
According to the trend of the water coming from and going out obtained by electromagnetic exploration, 2-5 points are selected and conventional drilling or simpler and more convenient high-pressure geological Direct drilling (GeoProbe Direct Push) is adopted.
Determining the amount of added SRB and nutritive organic matters according to water quantity and water sample analysis data, and injecting SRBor/and SRB-rich anaerobic environment substances and nutritive organic matters into a hole (well) by using a pressurized injection method to ensure that the concentration of SRB flora reaches 10000-20000/ml and C: N: P is 10: 1: 0.3 (molar ratio). Or pumping underground water or effluent into a container, mixing with SRB or/and SRB-rich anaerobic environment substances and nutrient organic substances to make the concentration of SRB flora reach 10000-20000/ml and C: N: P is 10: 1: 0.3, and pressurizing the injection hole (well).
For a shallow underground water system, a trench can be dug at a position 20-30 meters away from incoming water or effluent, anaerobic environment substances rich in SRB, such as activated sludge and the like, are filled into the trench, artificially cultured SRB can be added if the concentration of SRB florae in the sludge is insufficient, so that the concentration of the SRB florae in the sludge reaches 10000-20000 per ml, and meanwhile, nutrient organic matters are added so that the ratio of C to N to P is 10 to 1 to 0.3 (molar ratio).
Randomly sampling and analyzing the treated AMD to ensure that the pH value is 7.5 and the content of each heavy metal meets the national emission standard.
Claims (6)
1. A method for treating the source of acid water in a mining area comprises exploration, water analysis and microorganism addition, and is characterized in that: the microorganism is added into the incoming water which is about to flow through the metal sulfide ore or/and the outgoing water which flows through the metal sulfide ore, sulfate reducing bacteria or/and anaerobic environment substances rich in the sulfate reducing bacteria and nutrient organic matters thereof are added into the incoming water; when the water is added for the first time, the concentration of sulfate radicalreducing bacteria flora in the water is maintained to be 2000-1000000/ml, and the nutrient organic matters are selectively added according to the molar ratio of C to N to P of 10 to 0.2-6.0 to 0.02-2.0, so that the pH of the water flowing out of a mining area is 6-8.
2. A remediation method according to claim 1 wherein: the anaerobic environment substance rich in sulfate radical reducing bacteria is one or more than two mixed substances selected from sludge of sewage treatment plants, sludge of rivers, lakes, ditches and ponds and wetland sludge.
3. A remediation method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the nutrient organic matter is selected from fertilizers or/and chemical reagents rich in organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, or/and wastewater and waste residues.
4. A remediation method according to claim 1 wherein: the method for adding the ore and the slag accumulated in the mining area is to respectively arrange or simultaneously arrange biochemical treatment pools consisting of anaerobic environment substances rich in sulfate radical reducing bacteria or/and sulfate radical reducing bacteria and nutrient organic matters thereof on a path through which the incoming water or/and the outgoing water flow, so that the pH of the water finally flowing out of the mining area is 6-8.
5. A remediation method according to claim 1 wherein: the adding method of underground minerals in a mining area comprises the steps of drilling a well (hole) at a selected point on an incoming water or/and outgoing water path, and filling or pressurizing sulfate radical reducing bacteria or/and anaerobic environment substances rich in sulfate radical reducing bacteria and nutrient organic matters thereof;or pumping out underground water, mixing sulfate radical reducing bacteria or/and anaerobic environment substances rich in sulfate radical reducing bacteria and nutrient organic matters thereof, and then recharging, so that the pH of water flowing out of the mining area is 6-8.
6. A remediation method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the method for adding the shallow underground water system comprises the steps of digging a trench on an incoming water or/and outgoing water path, and filling anaerobic environment substances rich in sulfate radical reducing bacteria or/and sulfate radical reducing bacteria and nutrient organic matters thereof into the trench to enable the pH of water finally flowing out of an ore area to be 6-8.
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| CNB2006100962191A CN100425551C (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2006-09-29 | Mining area acid water treating process in the source |
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| CNB2006100962191A CN100425551C (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2006-09-29 | Mining area acid water treating process in the source |
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| CN1931740A true CN1931740A (en) | 2007-03-21 |
| CN100425551C CN100425551C (en) | 2008-10-15 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102701534A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-10-03 | 西安科技大学 | Ecological treatment method for acid mine water of coal mine |
| CN104556391A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 东莞市蓝天创达化工有限公司 | Artificial wetland purification method for wastewater |
| CN109205803A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-15 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of combined purifying system of coal mine underground reservoir combined pollution mine water |
| CN113420497A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-21 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Remote sensing estimation method for total phosphorus concentration of turbid lake |
| CN115010207A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-09-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for strengthening and repairing toxic, harmful and refractory organic pollutants in wetland by copper slag photocatalysis |
| CN115417509A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-12-02 | 武汉瑞景环境修复工程有限公司 | System and method for in-situ treatment of old pit water in coal mine goaf by sulfate reducing bacteria |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2056371C1 (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1996-03-20 | Институт экологии и генетики микроорганизмов Пермского научного центра Уральского отделения РАН | Method of preliminary treatment of acidic metal-containing sewage |
| RU2108982C1 (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1998-04-20 | Паквес Б.В. | Method for recovering sulphur compounds from water (alternatives) and method for cleaning sulphur-laden flue gases |
| RU2107042C1 (en) * | 1997-01-22 | 1998-03-20 | Галина Александровна Шугина | Method of cleaning polluted underground waters |
| CN1180994C (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-12-22 | 天津大学 | Method for increasing waste water treating efficiency by improving activity of sulfate reducing bacteria |
| KR100527336B1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-11-09 | (주)대우건설 | Method and system for purifying acid mine drainage using sulfate reducing bacteria |
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- 2006-09-29 CN CNB2006100962191A patent/CN100425551C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102701534A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-10-03 | 西安科技大学 | Ecological treatment method for acid mine water of coal mine |
| CN104556391A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 东莞市蓝天创达化工有限公司 | Artificial wetland purification method for wastewater |
| CN109205803A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-15 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of combined purifying system of coal mine underground reservoir combined pollution mine water |
| CN109205803B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2021-05-18 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Combined purification system for coal mine underground reservoir combined polluted mine water |
| CN113420497A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-21 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Remote sensing estimation method for total phosphorus concentration of turbid lake |
| CN113420497B (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2024-04-19 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Remote sensing estimation method for total phosphorus concentration in turbid lake |
| CN115010207A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-09-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for strengthening and repairing toxic, harmful and refractory organic pollutants in wetland by copper slag photocatalysis |
| CN115010207B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2023-07-21 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for repairing toxic, harmful and refractory organic pollutants in wetland by utilizing copper slag photocatalysis reinforcement |
| CN115417509A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-12-02 | 武汉瑞景环境修复工程有限公司 | System and method for in-situ treatment of old pit water in coal mine goaf by sulfate reducing bacteria |
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| CN100425551C (en) | 2008-10-15 |
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Assignee: Anhui Jingcheng Copper Co., Ltd. Assignor: Hefei University of Technology Contract record no.: 2011340000293 Denomination of invention: Mining area acid water treating process in the source Granted publication date: 20081015 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20070321 Record date: 20110809 |
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Granted publication date: 20081015 Termination date: 20110929 |