CN102701534A

CN102701534A - Ecological treatment method for acid mine water of coal mine

Info

Publication number: CN102701534A
Application number: CN2012102144889A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵晓光; 管园园; 张蕾; 荆秀艳; 田华; 韩玮; 黄文钰; 李瑜
Original assignee: Xian University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Xian University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2012-06-25
Filing date: 2012-06-25
Publication date: 2012-10-03

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological treatment method for acid mine water of coal mine. The method comprises a pool or a pool group, a pond or a pond group and a wetland which are connected in series; a fine particle limestone filter material is arranged at the pool or the pool group, and the diameter of fine particles d is at most 3.0mm; the depth of the pool or the pool group is 3-10m, and the area of the pool depends on processed water quantity and water quality; processing 1000m3/d of water needs the area of 10-30m2, and water flow passes through the filter material from bottom to top; thiobacillus ferrous oxide is put in the pond or the pond group, and the depth of the pond or the pond group is more than 1m; the area of the pond depends on processed water quantity, and processing 1000m3/d of water needs the area of 50-100m2; the water temperature is 28-30 DEG C, the pH value is 2.0-2.3, and the quantity of strain inoculation is 10 percent; the water flow smoothly flows through the pond, and the flow speed is smaller than 0.2m/s2; water-resisting plants such as reeds, Typhaangustifolia or willows and the like are planted in the wetland; the area of the wetland depends on processed water quantity, and processing 1000m3/d of water needs the area of 1000-2000m2; and the water flow slowly flows through the wetland, and the flow speed is smaller than 0.05m/s2. The method comprehensively applies a neutralization method, a bacterial method and a wetland method and utilizes the respective characteristics to process acid waste water with any concentration and any properties.

Description

Colliery acid mine water ecological treatment method

Technical field

The present invention relates to environmental improvement and field of mining, be specifically related to a kind of coal mine water technology.The present invention removes sulfate ion, ferrous ion and heavy metal ion in the acid waste water respectively with neutralisation, bacterium method and the integrated use of wetland method, can handle the acid waste water of any concentration, any character.

Background technology

Coal accounts for more than 70% in China's energy structure, and coal is very serious exploiting and utilizing the environmental problem that produces in the process, and wherein the water pollution is one of environmental problem of giving prominence to.Water shortage problem has influenced mining area resident's the life and the ordinary production in colliery, has restricted coal-mining industry and has developed sustainedly and stably.According to investigations, northern colliery 70% lack of water, 40% is serious water shortage, per capita domestic water quantity not sufficient 0.06m3/d.Along with further developing of China's coal-mine industry, water shortage problem will be more and more outstanding.

In progress of coal mining, discharge a large amount of pit waters.In discharge process, owing to receive the pollution of coal dust, rock dust, objectionable impurities and other foreign material etc., and become sewage.If directly discharging can be polluted environment of mining area.Under the very deficient condition of colliery water resources, pit water directly discharges, and also is the significant wastage of water resources.For this reason, realize that it is the optimal selection that solves colliery lack of water and mine water pollution environment that pit water is handled the back comprehensive utilization.

The mine drainage amount receives the influence of mining area hydrogeological conditions bigger, differs greatly in various places.According to statistics, 1 ton of raw coal of every production, the drainage underground amount is about 0.5-10m3, the average about 3m3 of water yield.The pollution level of waste water of mine is light than other trade effluents, and organic pollutant does not seldom generally contain Toxic matter, just exceeds standard through aspects such as the acidity of being everlasting, suspended substance, turbidity, hardness, salinity, vitriol, fluorochemicals, is suitable for doing the reuse water water source.

Acidic mine waste water is that the oxidized and pH that produces is less than 6.5 mine wastewater in recovery process the mineral deposit of sulfur compound mineral, and its pH is generally 3.0-6.5, and total acidity is high.

Acid mine water is erode downhole water-freeing arrangement and other winning apparatus not only, cause financial loss, and influence the healthy of underground labour; The concentration of some heavy metal ion increases with acidity and increases in the acid mine water, and toxicity also increases, and biology is produced potential hazard, when using undressed acid mine water to irrigate, can destroy the crumb structure of soil, influences crop yield.Therefore, acid mine water must be handled and can discharge.

The generation of acid mine water mainly is because pyrite FeS ₂Oxidation cause.Pyritous oxidation is divided into chemical oxidation and two processes of bio-oxidation, wherein bio-oxidation decisive role.Chemical oxidation of gold is mainly pyritous continuous oxidising process: (1) is pyrite (FeS under the condition of water and oxygen existence ₂) be oxidized to FeSO ₄And H ₂SO ₄(2) FeSO under the condition that free oxygen exists ₄Instability further is oxidized to Fe ₂(SO ₄) ₃(3) Fe2 (SO ₄) ₃Hydrolysis produces free acid and deposition.Under mikrobe was participated in, biological oxidation process was divided into three phases: (1) pyrite generation oxidizing reaction; (2) bacterium breeds in a large number to increase the pH value is sharply descended; (3) under bacteriological action, oxidizing reaction speed is accelerated greatly, the corresponding quickening of acid production speed.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the deficiency that is directed against prior art provides a kind of.

Technical scheme of the present invention is following:

A kind of colliery acid mine water ecological treatment method comprises placed in-line pond or pond group, pond or pond group, marsh wetland; Pond or pond are assembled with particle diameter d≤3.0mm fine particle Wingdale filtrate, and degree of depth 3-10m, sump area neglect treating water amount and water quality greatly and decide every processing 1000m ³/ d needs 10-30m ², current pass through filtrate from bottom to top;

Put into thiobacillus ferrooxidant in pond or the pond group, pond or more than the group degree of depth 1m of pond, the area size is every 1000m ³/ d the water yield needs 50-100m ², water temperature 28--30 ℃, the pH value is 2.0-2.3, the bacterial classification inoculation amount is 10%, and the smooth-going pond of flowing through of current, flow velocity is less than 0.2m/s ²

Plant in the wetland of marsh and be implanted with water tolerance plants such as reed, the stem or leaf of cattail or willow, the area size is every 1000m ³/ d the water yield needs 1000-2000m ², current slowly slug flow are crossed the marsh wetland, and flow velocity is less than 0.05m/s ²

The present invention utilizes characteristics separately with neutralisation, bacterium method and the integrated use of wetland method, removes sulfate ion, ferrous ion and heavy metal ion in the acid waste water respectively, can handle the acid waste water of any concentration, any character.And it is higher to have solved the required expense of ordinary method processing acid mine water, inscribes between the secondary pollution of lime mud.And this method operational administrative is easy, processing costs is low, the water quality reaching standard after can guaranteeing to handle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the vertical view in one group of placed in-line pond

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.

Acid mine water progressively reaches the purpose of purification property coal mine water through one group of placed in-line pond.

With reference to figure 1, pond 1 (or pond group) is equipped with particle diameter d≤3.0mm fine particle Wingdale filtrate, general degree of depth 3-10m, and the pond is neglected treating water amount and water quality greatly and is decided every processing 1000m ³/ d needs 10-30m ², current (water-in is lower than water outlet, and is filtering more abundant) from bottom to top pass through filtrate; Sulfate radical generation neutralization reaction in limestone particle and the sour water; Produce slightly soluble calcium sulfate and labile carbonic acid, thereby reduce acidity (because the pH value of processed water changes, so the effect of reduction acidity is also different; General PH is more little, and it is obvious more to reduce effect; Simultaneously, the flow velocity of current is slow more, and treatment effect is good more.Therefore, treatment effect becomes according to water quality treatment, the water yield and flow velocity), general pH value is reduced to 2.0-2.3.

Put into thiobacillus ferrooxidant (Thiobacillusferrooxidans in the pond (or pond group) 2; T.f); Thiobacillus ferrooxidant is one type of special bacterium that can produce ferric ion, belongs to a kind of of iron bacteria, and they can quicken the oxidation of ferrous ion; More than 2 degree of depth 1m of pond (or pond group), the area size is every 1000m ³/ d the water yield needs 50-100m ², water temperature 28--30 ℃, the pH value is 2.0-2.3, the bacterial classification inoculation amount is 10% (volume(tric)fraction).The smooth-going pond of flowing through of current, flow velocity is less than 0.2m/s ², the thiobacillus ferrooxidant in water body and the mud under acidic conditions with the Fe in the water ²⁺Be oxidized to Fe ³⁺, to realize the deironing of acid mine water.Thiobacillus ferrooxidant can be from Fe ²⁺Oxidizing reaction in obtain its own existence and the required energy of breeding, need not add any nutritive medium.The thiobacillus ferrooxidant substratum adopts 9K substratum (Fe ²Concentration is 9g/L), cultivate 48-84h for 28～30 ℃ in pH=2.0, temperature.

Plant in the marsh wetland 3 and be implanted with water tolerance plants such as reed, the stem or leaf of cattail or willow, the area size is every 1000m ³/ d the water yield needs 1000-2000m ², current slowly slug flow are crossed the marsh wetland, and flow velocity is less than 0.05m/s ², through wetland plant, peat growing medium and bacterium to the metals ion (Fe in the sour water ²⁺, Mn ²⁺Deng) adsorb, exchange, complexing and redoxomorphism, remove metals ion simultaneously at the sour water neutral.Through wetland plant, peat growing medium and bacterium to the metals ion (Fe in the sour water ²⁺, Mn ²⁺Deng) adsorb, exchange, complexing and redoxomorphism, remove metals ion simultaneously at the sour water neutral, realize the further efficient of sewage purified.

Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention according to above-mentioned explanation.

Claims

1. a colliery acid mine water ecological treatment method is characterized in that, comprises placed in-line pond or pond group, pond or pond group, marsh wetland; Pond or pond are assembled with particle diameter d≤3.0mm fine particle Wingdale filtrate, and degree of depth 3-10m, sump area neglect treating water amount and water quality greatly and decide every processing 1000m ³/ d needs 10-30m ², current pass through filtrate from bottom to top;