CN107892435B - Combined treatment method of wellhead sewage in abandoned small coal mines - Google Patents
Combined treatment method of wellhead sewage in abandoned small coal mines Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/203—Iron or iron compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/206—Manganese or manganese compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种废弃小型煤矿矿井井口污水组合处理方法，包括如下步骤：选择维护条件较好的废弃小型煤矿的矿井井口作为处理目标，废弃小型煤矿的矿井内有酸性废水溢出。在矿井井口内的巷道中设置可渗透反应墙进行前处理，利用可渗透反应墙的碱性中和材料中和并吸附废水中的总悬浮物、铁离子、锰离子及溶解氧含量；在矿井井口外部设置连续碱生产池，连续碱生产池自上而下包括水层、有机物层和碱度层，废水流入水层，依次经过有机物层和碱度层后排出；在连续碱生产池下游设置人工湿地段利用人工湿地段的土壤层吸附废水中的颗粒物，利用人工湿地段的微生物降解同化废水中的有机污染物。具有基建和运行费用低、工艺设备简单和维护方便的优点。
The invention provides a method for combined treatment of wellhead sewage in abandoned small coal mines, comprising the following steps: selecting the wellheads of abandoned small coal mines with better maintenance conditions as treatment targets, and the mines of abandoned small coal mines have acid waste water overflowing. A permeable reaction wall is set in the tunnel in the mine shaft for pretreatment, and the alkaline neutralization material of the permeable reaction wall is used to neutralize and absorb the total suspended solids, iron ions, manganese ions and dissolved oxygen content in the wastewater; A continuous alkali production tank is set outside the wellhead. The continuous alkali production tank includes a water layer, an organic matter layer and an alkalinity layer from top to bottom. The wastewater flows into the water layer and is discharged through the organic matter layer and the alkalinity layer in sequence. The constructed wetland section utilizes the soil layer of the constructed wetland section to absorb particulate matter in the wastewater, and uses the microorganisms in the constructed wetland section to degrade and assimilate the organic pollutants in the wastewater. It has the advantages of low capital construction and operation cost, simple process equipment and convenient maintenance.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于煤矿的废水治理前端处理技术领域，尤其是涉及一种废弃小型煤矿矿井井口污水组合处理方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of front-end treatment of waste water treatment in coal mines, and in particular relates to a combined treatment method for wellhead sewage in abandoned small coal mines.
背景技术Background technique
我国南方岩溶地区存在大量废弃的小型煤矿，在典型的南方喀斯特岩溶地区，降水进入煤层采空区后经浸泡形成了含铁、锰超高的矿井水，矿井水自矿井口或地表岩溶通道、裂隙流出后排入地表水及地下水，导致严重的水环境污染。There are a large number of abandoned small coal mines in the karst areas of southern China. In the typical southern karst karst areas, after the precipitation enters the coal seam goaf, it is soaked to form mine water with super high iron and manganese content. After the fissures flow out, they are discharged into surface water and groundwater, resulting in serious water pollution.
目前，国内矿井水处理多采用末端处理方式，在污水排放的末端修建相关处理设施，由于我国南方降水量大、地表岩溶裂隙发育多、地下水补给条件较好，导致污水处理量较大，处理成本居高不下。同时，由于小煤矿分散无序，矿井排放废水出水点较多，造成矿井废水的处理设置建设难度很大。At present, domestic mine water treatment mostly adopts the terminal treatment method, and related treatment facilities are built at the end of sewage discharge. Due to the large amount of precipitation in southern my country, the development of surface karst fissures, and the better groundwater supply conditions, the sewage treatment volume is large and the treatment cost is high. Stay high. At the same time, due to the scattered and disordered small coal mines, there are many discharge points for the mine wastewater, which makes the treatment and construction of the mine wastewater very difficult.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于此，本发明旨在提出一种废弃小型煤矿矿井井口污水组合处理方法，以解决废弃小型煤矿矿井井口溢出污水的污染问题。In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a combined treatment method for wellhead sewage in abandoned small coal mines, so as to solve the pollution problem of sewage overflowing from wellheads in abandoned small coal mines.
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in this way:
一种废弃小型煤矿矿井井口污水组合处理方法，包括如下步骤：A method for combined treatment of wellhead sewage in abandoned small coal mines, comprising the following steps:
S1：选择维护条件较好的废弃小型煤矿的矿井井口作为处理目标，废弃小型煤矿的矿井内有酸性废水溢出。S1: Select the wellhead of the abandoned small-scale coal mine with better maintenance conditions as the treatment target. There is acid wastewater overflowing in the mine of the abandoned small-scale coal mine.
S2：在矿井井口内的巷道中设置可渗透反应墙进行前处理，利用可渗透反应墙的碱性中和材料中和并吸附废水中的总悬浮物、铁离子、锰离子及溶解氧含量；S2: Set up a permeable reaction wall in the tunnel in the wellhead of the mine for pretreatment, and use the alkaline neutralization material of the permeable reaction wall to neutralize and absorb the total suspended solids, iron ions, manganese ions and dissolved oxygen content in the wastewater;
S3：在矿井井口外部设置连续碱生产池，连续碱生产池自上而下包括水层、有机物层和碱度层，废水流入水层，依次经过有机物层和碱度层后排出；S3: A continuous alkali production pond is set outside the wellhead of the mine. The continuous alkali production pond includes a water layer, an organic layer and an alkalinity layer from top to bottom. The waste water flows into the water layer and is discharged through the organic layer and the alkalinity layer in sequence;
废水经过有机物层，利用有机物层中的硫酸盐还原菌将硫酸盐转化为硫化物或单质硫并沉降去除；The wastewater passes through the organic layer, and sulfate-reducing bacteria in the organic layer are used to convert sulfate into sulfide or elemental sulfur and settle for removal;
废水经过碱度层，利用碱度层中的产碱无机物沉淀去除废水中的金属离子；The wastewater passes through the alkalinity layer, and the metal ions in the wastewater are removed by precipitation of alkali-producing inorganic substances in the alkalinity layer;
S4：在连续碱生产池下游设置人工湿地段利用人工湿地段的土壤层吸附废水中的颗粒物，利用人工湿地段的微生物降解同化废水中的有机污染物。S4: Set up a constructed wetland section downstream of the continuous alkali production tank, use the soil layer of the constructed wetland section to absorb particulate matter in the wastewater, and use the microorganisms in the constructed wetland section to degrade and assimilate organic pollutants in the wastewater.
进一步的，所述废弃小型煤矿的维护条件较好的选择标准包括：矿井井口无破损。Further, the selection criteria for better maintenance conditions of the abandoned small coal mine include: no damage to the wellhead of the mine.
进一步的，所述可渗透反应墙内的碱性中和材料包括锰砂、石英砂、石灰石。Further, the alkaline neutralizing material in the permeable reaction wall includes manganese sand, quartz sand, and limestone.
进一步的，所述可渗透反应墙的设置位置为：自矿井井口向内的长度为10-20m。Further, the setting position of the permeable reaction wall is as follows: the length inward from the wellhead of the mine is 10-20m.
进一步的，所述步骤S3中的产碱无机物包括石灰石。Further, the alkali-generating inorganic substance in the step S3 includes limestone.
进一步的，所述步骤S3中的产碱无机物沉淀去除的金属离子包括铁离子、锰离子。Further, the metal ions removed by the alkali-generating inorganic precipitation in the step S3 include iron ions and manganese ions.
进一步的，所述步骤S4中人工湿地段设置方法包括：人工建造具有出水功能的收集池，废水和污泥可沿人工湿地定向流动。Further, the method for setting up the constructed wetland section in the step S4 includes: artificially constructing a collection tank with a water outlet function, and the wastewater and sludge can flow directionally along the constructed wetland.
进一步的，所述步骤S4中人工湿地段设置方法包括：在人工湿地段的水体中投入好氧微生物。Further, the method for setting up the constructed wetland section in the step S4 includes: adding aerobic microorganisms into the water body of the constructed wetland section.
进一步的，所述好氧微生物包括：厌氧细菌、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌。Further, the aerobic microorganisms include: anaerobic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria.
相对于现有技术，本发明所述的废弃小型煤矿矿井井口污水组合处理方法具有以下优势：充分利用废弃煤矿的矿井井口，利用废弃巷道在井口内部一定距离内建设可渗透反应墙，可渗透反应墙对溢出的废水进行前端处理，一方面达到减少污染物总量的目标，另一方面可减少大型污水处理设施的建设，还可以解决复杂地形条件下无法减少污水处理设施的问题；Compared with the prior art, the method for combined treatment of wellhead sewage in abandoned small coal mines according to the present invention has the following advantages: fully utilizing the wellhead of the abandoned coal mine, using the abandoned roadway to build a permeable reaction wall within a certain distance inside the wellhead, and allowing the permeable reaction The front-end treatment of the overflowing wastewater can achieve the goal of reducing the total amount of pollutants on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can reduce the construction of large-scale sewage treatment facilities, and can also solve the problem that sewage treatment facilities cannot be reduced under complex terrain conditions;
在矿井井口外建立连续碱生产池，可有效去除废水中的硫化物和单质硫，以及沉淀各种金属离子；The establishment of a continuous alkali production tank outside the wellhead of the mine can effectively remove sulfide and elemental sulfur in wastewater, and precipitate various metal ions;
通过人工湿地中的土壤、人工介质、植物、微生物多重作用，对废水中的污染物进行降解去除，具有基建和运行费用低、工艺设备简单和维护方便的优点。Through the multiple actions of soil, artificial medium, plants and microorganisms in the constructed wetland, the pollutants in the wastewater can be degraded and removed, which has the advantages of low infrastructure and operation costs, simple process equipment and convenient maintenance.
附图说明Description of drawings
构成本发明创造的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明创造的进一步理解，本发明创造的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明创造，并不构成对本发明创造的不当限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings that constitute a part of the present invention are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:
图1为本发明实施例所述的污水组合处理方法的设施示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a facility of a combined sewage treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记说明：Description of reference numbers:
50-可渗透反应墙；60-连续碱生产池；61-水层；62-有机物层；63-碱度层；70-人工湿地段；71-土壤层。50-permeable reaction wall; 60-continuous alkali production pool; 61-water layer; 62-organic layer; 63-alkaline layer; 70-constructed wetland section; 71-soil layer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明创造中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict.
在本发明创造的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明创造和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明创造的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明创造的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention The description is created and simplified rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc., may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
在本发明创造的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以通过具体情况理解上述术语在本发明创造中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a connectable connection. Detachable connection, or integral connection; may be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明创造。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：现有技术中，国内矿井水处理多采用末端处理方式，在污水排放的末端修建相关处理设施，由于我国南方降水量大、地表岩溶裂隙发育多、地下水补给条件较好，导致污水处理量较大，处理成本居高不下。同时，由于小煤矿分散无序，矿井排放废水出水点较多，造成矿井废水的处理设置建设难度很大。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in the prior art, domestic mine water treatment mostly adopts terminal treatment mode, and relevant treatment facilities are built at the end of sewage discharge. It is better, resulting in a large amount of sewage treatment and high treatment costs. At the same time, due to the scattered and disordered small coal mines, there are many discharge points for the mine wastewater, which makes the treatment and construction of the mine wastewater very difficult.
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种废弃小型煤矿矿井井口污水组合处理方法，包括如下步骤：As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment provides a combined treatment method for wellhead sewage in abandoned small coal mines, including the following steps:
S1：选择维护条件较好的废弃小型煤矿的矿井井口作为处理目标，废弃小型煤矿的矿井内有酸性废水溢出。S1: Select the wellhead of the abandoned small-scale coal mine with better maintenance conditions as the treatment target. There is acid wastewater overflowing in the mine of the abandoned small-scale coal mine.
S2：在矿井井口内的巷道中设置可渗透反应墙50进行前处理，利用可渗透反应墙50的碱性中和材料中和并吸附废水中的总悬浮物、铁离子、锰离子及溶解氧含量；S2: A permeable reaction wall 50 is set in the tunnel in the wellhead of the mine for pre-treatment, and the alkaline neutralization material of the permeable reaction wall 50 is used to neutralize and absorb the total suspended solids, iron ions, manganese ions and dissolved oxygen in the wastewater content;
S3：在矿井井口外部设置连续碱生产池60，连续碱生产池60自上而下包括水层61、有机物层62和碱度层63，废水流入水层61，依次经过有机物层62和碱度层63后排出；S3: A continuous alkali production pond 60 is arranged outside the wellhead of the mine. The continuous alkali production pond 60 includes a water layer 61, an organic layer 62 and an alkalinity layer 63 from top to bottom, and the waste water flows into the water layer 61 and passes through the organic layer 62 and the alkalinity layer in turn discharged after layer 63;
废水经过有机物层62，利用有机物层62中的硫酸盐还原菌将硫酸盐转化为硫化物或单质硫并沉降去除；The waste water passes through the organic layer 62, and utilizes the sulfate-reducing bacteria in the organic layer 62 to convert sulfate into sulfide or elemental sulfur and remove it by sedimentation;
废水经过碱度层63，利用碱度层63中的产碱无机物沉淀去除废水中的金属离子；The waste water passes through the alkalinity layer 63, and the metal ions in the waste water are removed by precipitation of alkali-producing inorganic substances in the alkalinity layer 63;
S4：在连续碱生产池60下游设置人工湿地段70利用人工湿地段70的土壤层71吸附废水中的颗粒物，利用人工湿地段70的微生物降解同化废水中的有机污染物。S4 : A constructed wetland section 70 is arranged downstream of the continuous alkali production tank 60 , and the soil layer 71 of the constructed wetland section 70 is used to adsorb particulate matter in the wastewater, and microorganisms in the constructed wetland section 70 are used to degrade and assimilate organic pollutants in the wastewater.
本实施例的技术效果是：充分利用废弃煤矿的矿井井口，利用废弃巷道在井口内部一定距离内建设可渗透反应墙50，可渗透反应墙50对溢出的废水进行前端处理，一方面达到减少污染物总量的目标，另一方面可减少大型污水处理设施的建设，还可以解决复杂地形条件下无法减少污水处理设施的问题；在矿井井口外建立连续碱生产池60，可有效去除废水中的硫化物和单质硫，以及沉淀各种金属离子；通过人工湿地中的土壤、人工介质、植物、微生物多重作用，对废水中的污染物进行降解去除，具有基建和运行费用低、工艺设备简单和维护方便的优点。The technical effect of the present embodiment is: make full use of the mine wellhead of the abandoned coal mine, use the abandoned roadway to build a permeable reaction wall 50 within a certain distance inside the wellhead, and the permeable reaction wall 50 performs front-end treatment on the overflowing waste water, on the one hand, to reduce pollution On the other hand, it can reduce the construction of large-scale sewage treatment facilities, and it can also solve the problem that sewage treatment facilities cannot be reduced under complex terrain conditions; the establishment of a continuous alkali production tank 60 outside the wellhead of the mine can effectively remove waste water. Sulfide and elemental sulfur, as well as precipitation of various metal ions; through the multiple actions of soil, artificial media, plants and microorganisms in constructed wetlands, the pollutants in wastewater are degraded and removed, with low infrastructure and operating costs, simple process equipment and The advantage of easy maintenance.
废弃小型煤矿的维护条件较好的选择标准包括：矿井井口无破损。The selection criteria for better maintenance conditions for abandoned small coal mines include: no damage to the wellhead of the mine.
所述可渗透反应墙50内的碱性中和材料包括锰砂、石英砂、石灰石。The alkaline neutralizing materials in the permeable reaction wall 50 include manganese sand, quartz sand, and limestone.
所述可渗透反应墙50的设置位置为：自矿井井口向内的长度为10-20m。可渗透反应墙50可自井口开始建设。The setting position of the permeable reaction wall 50 is as follows: the length from the wellhead of the mine inward is 10-20m. The permeable reactive wall 50 can be constructed from the wellhead.
所述步骤S3中的产碱无机物包括石灰石。The alkali-generating inorganic matter in the step S3 includes limestone.
所述步骤S3中的产碱无机物沉淀去除的金属离子包括铁离子、锰离子。The metal ions removed by the alkali-generating inorganic precipitation in the step S3 include iron ions and manganese ions.
所述步骤S4中人工湿地段70设置方法包括：人工建造具有出水功能的收集池，废水和污泥可沿人工湿地定向流动。The method for setting the constructed wetland section 70 in the step S4 includes: artificially constructing a collection tank with a water outlet function, and wastewater and sludge can flow directionally along the constructed wetland.
所述步骤S4中人工湿地段70设置方法包括：在人工湿地段70的水体中投入好氧微生物。所述好氧微生物包括：厌氧细菌、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌。The method for setting the constructed wetland section 70 in the step S4 includes: putting aerobic microorganisms into the water body of the constructed wetland section 70 . The aerobic microorganisms include: anaerobic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria.
以上所述仅为本发明创造的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明创造，凡在本发明创造的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明创造的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the within the scope of protection of the present invention.
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