CN1928321B - Method for down-hole laminated sampling and measuring device - Google Patents

Method for down-hole laminated sampling and measuring device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1928321B
CN1928321B CN2005100982862A CN200510098286A CN1928321B CN 1928321 B CN1928321 B CN 1928321B CN 2005100982862 A CN2005100982862 A CN 2005100982862A CN 200510098286 A CN200510098286 A CN 200510098286A CN 1928321 B CN1928321 B CN 1928321B
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test
sampling
testing
underground
releasing
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CN1928321A (en
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韩修廷
韩传会
侯德艳
邓广宇
吴静波
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Petrochina Co Ltd
Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd
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Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a layered sampling test method under well for bailing well, pump well, screw pump well, electric pump well, water well, exploratory well and trial-produce well. Underground back-off test pipe string is taken by cable and located at relative testing layer, and sampling tester of testing instrument taken by cable or steel wire is put in underground back-off test pipe string. Then testing and sampling proceeds. Sampling tester or underground back-off testing pipe string is extracted out by latch jack put in with cable. The invention can test and attain layered flowing pressure; layered static pressure, temperature and flux so on in various layers while layered fluid (oil, water, air) sampling can be realized in ordinary producing condition.

Description

Underground layered sampling test method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the underground sampling and testing technology in the field of oilfield exploitation, in particular to an underground layered sampling and testing method for an oil-water well.
Background
In the process of oil field development, oil well test data are obtained in time, and developers can be helped to accurately master the stratum characteristics, the small-layer geological information and the productivity condition of a well (interval). At present, in the aspect of oil well testing, a tubular column operation mode is adopted to realize underground releasing and salvaging, underground sampling and testing instruments and tubular columns are designed into a whole, and the following defects mainly exist in the aspects of testing and sampling processes:
1. dynamic testing and sampling of the oil well cannot be met. Particularly, the mechanical production well cannot measure dynamic test data because no necessary test channel is available;
2. the sampling and testing process needs operation and construction, the working procedure is complex, the construction period is long, and the testing cost is high;
3. the layering test cannot be carried out;
4. the test function is single, only 1-2 parameters can be measured, and only static parameters can be measured.
At present, no suitable effective testing process means such as layering testing, fluid sampling and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an underground layered sampling and testing method which can be used for a bailing well, an oil pumping well, a screw pump well, an electric pump well, a water well, a exploratory well and a pilot production well. The method can be used for measuring various parameters of the series of wells such as stratified flow pressure, stratified static pressure, temperature, flow and the like, and can realize the sampling of stratified fluids (oil, water, liquid and gas) under the normal production state.
The invention discloses a layered sampling test method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, after a cable is used for carrying a downhole releasing test pipe column to be put into a test target layer, the lowered downhole releasing test pipe column is lifted up, and the downhole releasing test pipe column is anchored at the position of a corresponding test layer section;
step two, a sampling tester with a testing instrument is put into the underground releasing testing pipe column by being carried by a cable or a steel wire;
starting oil extraction equipment to enable the oil well to work normally, and placing a sampling tester of a releasing test pipe column underground to complete dynamic test and high-pressure physical property sampling of the interval;
fourthly, after the target layer test is finished, fishing the layered sampling tester by utilizing a cable descending fisher and taking out the layered sampling tester to obtain an underground layered fluid sample and test data;
step five, changing a test instrument in the sampling tester, and repeating the step two to the step four to obtain test data corresponding to the test instrument;
and sixthly, fishing the underground releasing test pipe column by using the cable descending fisher, pulling out the pipe column, changing a target layer, and repeating the steps from the first step to the fifth step to finish sampling and testing of another target layer. Wherein,
the underground releasing test pipe column consists of an underground releasing joint, a sealing device, a bridge type test working barrel and an anchoring device which are fixedly connected in sequence; the bridge type testing working cylinder is internally provided with a testing channel and two bridge type channels, the testing channel is laterally communicated with the stratum to form two liquid inlet holes, and the bridge type channels are arranged in the metal wall surface of the bridge type testing working cylinder and symmetrically arranged by taking the testing channel as a central line; and,
the uppermost end of the underground releasing joint is provided with a horn end gradually enlarged upwards, and an inner hole is provided with a reducing positioning step;
a plurality of slips which can be opened or closed are arranged outside the anchoring device, and the sealing device is a compressible hollow rubber sealing element;
the sampling tester can be put in or taken out of the underground releasing test pipe column and consists of a fishing head, a sampling cavity, a ball seat, a lower joint, a test sealing section and a test instrument which are connected in turn through screw threads; the sampling cavity, the ball seat, the lower joint and the inner cavity of the upper section of the testing sealing section are communicated; and,
the outer wall of the test sealing section is provided with an upper sealing rubber ring and a lower sealing rubber ring, the lower position of the test sealing section below the upper sealing rubber ring is provided with a liquid inlet hole, the liquid inlet hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the upper section of the test sealing section, the upper position of the lower sealing rubber ring of the test sealing section is provided with a pressure transfer hole, and the pressure transfer hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the lower section of the test sealing section;
the inner cavity of the lower section of the test sealing section is linked with the test instrument;
the fishing head is longitudinally provided with two liquid inlet holes communicated with the sampling cavity;
the sampling cavity is a hollow metal piece, a plunger is arranged in the sampling cavity, and the plunger is closely connected with the inner wall of the sampling cavity;
the bottom of the ball seat is provided with a through hole, the through hole is upwards provided with a ball valve and a floater in sequence, and the ball valve and the floater extend into the sampling cavity;
the lower joint is provided with an inner cavity, a tension spring is arranged in the inner cavity, one end of the spring is connected with the ball valve, and the other end of the spring is fixed at the bottom end of the lower joint; the lower joint bottom is equipped with two through-holes.
In the method, a sampling tester with a testing instrument is firstly placed into the underground releasing testing pipe column, and then the cable is used for carrying the underground releasing testing pipe column and placing the pipe column into a testing target layer.
The invention also provides a special equipment layered sampling test device used in the method, which consists of a downhole releasing test pipe column and a sampling tester, wherein the sampling tester is provided with a test instrument, is arranged in the releasing test pipe column and can be put into or taken out of the downhole releasing test pipe column.
In the layered sampling test device, the underground releasing test pipe column consists of an underground releasing joint, a sealing device, a bridge type test working barrel and an anchoring device which are fixedly connected in sequence; the bridge type testing working barrel is internally provided with a testing channel and two bridge type channels, the testing channel is laterally communicated with the stratum to form two liquid inlet holes, and the bridge type channels are arranged in the metal wall surface of the bridge type testing working barrel and symmetrically arranged by taking the testing channel as a central line.
In the stratified sampling test device, the uppermost end of the underground releasing joint is provided with a horn end gradually increasing upwards, and an inner hole is provided with a reducing positioning step; the anchoring device is provided with a plurality of slips which can be opened or closed, and the sealing device is a compressible hollow rubber sealing element.
In the layered sampling test device, the sampling tester consists of a fishing head, a sampling cavity, a ball seat, a lower joint, a test sealing section and a test instrument which are connected in turn through screw threads; the sampling cavity, the ball seat, the lower joint and the inner cavity of the upper section of the testing sealing section are communicated; the outer wall of the test sealing section is provided with an upper sealing rubber ring and a lower sealing rubber ring, the lower position of the test sealing section below the upper sealing rubber ring is provided with a liquid inlet hole, the liquid inlet hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the upper section of the test sealing section, the upper position of the lower sealing rubber ring of the test sealing section is provided with a pressure transfer hole, and the pressure transfer hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the lower section of the test sealing section; and the inner cavity of the lower section of the test sealing section is linked with the test instrument.
In the layered sampling and testing device, the fishing head is longitudinally provided with two liquid inlet holes communicated with the sampling cavity; the sampling cavity is a hollow metal piece, a plunger is arranged in the sampling cavity, and the plunger is closely connected with the inner wall of the sampling cavity.
In the stratified sampling and testing device, the bottom of the ball seat is provided with a through hole, the through hole is upwards provided with a ball valve and a floater in sequence, and the ball valve and the floater extend into the sampling cavity; the lower joint is provided with an inner cavity, a tension spring is arranged in the inner cavity, one end of the spring is connected with the ball valve, and the other end of the spring is fixed at the bottom end of the lower joint; the lower joint bottom is equipped with two through-holes.
By adopting the method, the underground releasing or salvaging is realized by using the cable without operation, the flexibility is realized, the test cost is low, and the efficiency is high; the bridge channel in the bridge type working barrel is utilized to provide a liquid production channel for the next layer, and during testing, the layers are independent and do not interfere with each other, so that dynamic data of the oil-water well in a normal production state can be obtained, and the purpose of layered sampling testing is realized; the working barrel provides a carrier for the underground testing instrument, so that 3-5 parameters can be tested, and the instrument does not need to be operated when being taken up and down, so that a cable or a steel wire is fished; the sealing device in the testing device is sealed and released by the dead weight of the underground device, and the testing cost can be saved without pressing by a cement truck or underground operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and sampling test principle of the dedicated layered sampling test device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the downhole release test string of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sampling tester shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a hierarchical sampling test method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention firstly provides an underground layered sampling and testing method which can be used for a bailing well, an oil pumping well, a screw pump well, an electric pump well, a water well, a exploration well and a trial production well. The working process of the invention is as follows: step one, after a cable is used for carrying an underground releasing test tubular column to be put into a test target layer, the underground releasing test tubular column is lifted up and put down, and the underground releasing test tubular column is anchored at the position of a corresponding test layer section; step two, a sampling tester with a testing instrument is put into the underground releasing testing pipe column by being carried by a cable or a steel wire; starting oil extraction equipment to enable the oil well to work normally, and placing a sampling tester of a releasing test pipe column underground to complete dynamic test and high-pressure physical property sampling of the interval; fourthly, after the target layer test is finished, fishing the layered sampling tester by utilizing a cable descending fisher and taking out the layered sampling tester to obtain an underground layered fluid sample and test data; step five, changing a test instrument in the sampling tester, and repeating the step two to the step four to obtain test data corresponding to the test instrument; and sixthly, fishing the underground releasing test pipe column by using the cable descending fisher, pulling out the pipe column, changing a target layer, and repeating the steps from the first step to the fifth step to finish sampling and testing of another target layer.
In the method, the structure of the layered sampling test device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a downhole releasing test pipe column A and a sampling tester B, wherein the sampling tester B is arranged in the releasing test pipe column A and can be put into or taken out of the releasing test pipe column A.
Referring to fig. 2, the downhole releasing test string a mainly comprises a downhole releasing joint a1, a sealing device a2, a bridge type test working cylinder A3 and an anchoring device a4, wherein the releasing joint a1, the sealing device a2, the bridge type test working cylinder A3 and the anchoring device a4 are fixedly connected in sequence, and the sealing device a2 is connected with the working cylinder A3 and the anchoring device a4 through threads and buckles. The sealing device a2 is a compressed hollow rubber sealing element which is expanded or contracted laterally by lowering or raising a cable (wire). The sealing device A2 has the main function of sealing the corresponding test layer section, and the device is released without being pressed by a cement truck and is set by gravity release of the device so as to achieve the purpose of sealing the test target layer. The bridge type testing working barrel A3 is a hollow metal piece, a testing channel A6 and two bridge type channels A5 are transversely arranged in the bridge type testing working barrel, wherein the testing channel A6 is laterally communicated with the stratum to form two liquid inlet holes corresponding to a testing target layer section; the bridge channel A5 is arranged on the wall surface of the metal piece, symmetrically arranged by taking the testing channel A6 as a central line and not communicated with the stratum, the bridge channel A5 can provide a liquid production channel for the next layer section, and the underground layers can be relatively independent and do not influence each other during testing. The underground releasing joint A1 is a hollow metal pipe, the uppermost end of the underground releasing joint is provided with a horn end A11 which is gradually enlarged upwards, the inner hole of A1 is provided with a reducing step close to the horn end, and the step is used for salvaging or delivering the underground releasing device A; the anchoring device A4 is a cylindrical hollow metal object, and 6 slips A41 capable of being opened or closed are arranged outside the hollow metal object. The main function of A4 is to hang the releasing device on the inner wall of the casing of the testing target interval, and the releasing device can be released and anchored in the well by cable or steel wire through the horn end A11 of the releasing joint A1 and the slip A41 arranged on the anchoring device A4.
Referring to fig. 3, the downhole stratified sampling tester B1 mainly comprises a fishing head B1, a sampling cavity B2, a ball seat B3, a lower joint B4, a testing sealing section B8 and a testing instrument B6, wherein the components are all metal parts and are connected in sequence by threads. Wherein, the fishing head B1 is longitudinally provided with two liquid inlet holes B14 communicated with the sampling cavity B2 and used for discharging liquid in the sampling cavity B2; the sampling cavity B2 is a hollow metal piece for storing oil sample in the well, a plunger B13 is arranged in the sampling cavity B2, and the plunger B13 is closely connected with the inner wall of the sampling cavity B2; the bottom of the ball seat B3 is provided with a through hole B16, the through hole B16 is provided with a ball valve B11 and a floater B12 upwards in sequence, and the ball valve B11 and the floater B12 extend into the sampling cavity B2; the lower joint B4 is provided with an inner cavity, a tension spring B10 is arranged in the inner cavity, one end of a spring B10 is connected with a ball valve B11, the other end of the spring B10 is fixed at the bottom end of the lower joint B4, and the bottom end of the lower joint B4 is provided with two through holes B15; the test sealing section B8 is a metal cylinder with an inner cavity and is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the inner cavities of the upper section and the lower section are not communicated, the outer wall of the upper section cylinder is provided with a sealing rubber ring B5, a liquid inlet hole B9 communicated with the inner cavity is additionally arranged, the inner cavity of the upper section is communicated with the inner cavity of a lower connector B4 through a through hole B15, the outer wall of the lower section cylinder is provided with a sealing rubber ring B5, a pressure transfer hole B7 communicated with the inner cavity is additionally arranged, the inner cavity of the lower section is directly linked with a pressure gauge, the sealing rubber ring B5 is a rubber part and is closely connected with the inner wall of a bridge type test working cylinder A3 of the underground releasing device A, and; the testing instrument B6 is a storage type downhole testing instrument, and can be changed according to different testing requirements, and the testing instrument B6 can be a storage type pressure gauge when layered flow pressure and static pressure of a corresponding interval are required to be measured.
By combining the layered sampling test device of the special equipment, the method of the invention is realized as follows:
after a cable carrying underground releasing test pipe column is put into a test target layer, the pipe column is lifted and put down, on one hand, a slip A41 of an anchoring device A4 in the test device anchors the releasing test pipe column at the position of a corresponding test layer section, and on the other hand, a compression type hollow rubber sealing device A2 transversely expands or contracts and is sealed and released by the self weight of the underground device to seal the corresponding test layer section.
And (2) putting the sampling tester B into a bridge type testing working barrel A3 of the underground releasing testing pipe column A by using a cable or a steel wire through a fishing head B1 of the underground layered sampling tester B, wherein a testing sealing section B8 of the sampling tester is matched with the underground bridge type testing working barrel A3 and seals corresponding intervals, and a liquid inlet hole B9 and a pressure transfer hole B7 of the testing sealing section B8 just correspond to a production layer position separated by a packer.
And step three, starting the oil extraction equipment to enable the oil well to normally work, wherein the formation pressure is higher than the pressure of the underground liquid column, the ball valve B11 of the stratified sampling device B is opened, the underground produced liquid enters the sampling cavity B2, distilled water on the plunger B13 of the sampling cavity B2 is replaced from the liquid outlet hole B14, and at the moment, the tester B6 (such as a pressure gauge) in the sampling tester B can measure the test data of the interval. After a period of production, the downhole fluid level rises and the differential production pressure decreases, the downhole ball valve B11 pulls the ball valve B11 to close the sampling tester B by its spring B10 attached to its lower end, at which time the fluid enclosed in the sampling chamber B2 becomes a fluid sample for the interval and the tester B6 can record the test parameters for the interval.
After the fourth step of testing is finished, the fishing tool is lowered into the well and the well layered sampling tester B is lifted out through the fishing head B1, so that the well layered fluid sample can be obtained from the sampling cavity B2, and the test data can be obtained from the test instrument B6.
And step five, if other test parameters of the interval need to be obtained, changing the types of the test instruments B6, such as a pressure gauge, a thermometer, a flowmeter, a water detector, a densimeter and the like, repeating the step one to the step four, respectively obtaining test data of the dynamic and static pressure, the temperature, the flow and the like of the test target layer, and recording over thirty types of test data.
And step six, when the testing target layer section is changed, fishing the underground releasing testing pipe column A by utilizing the cable descending fisher, taking out, then putting the pipe column A into another target layer again, and repeating the steps one to five to finish sampling and testing of the other target layer. At the moment, a bridge type working barrel A3 is designed in the layered releasing test string A, a bridge type channel A5 is designed in the working barrel A3, the bridge type channel A5 provides a liquid production channel for the next layer, and during testing, the layers are independent and do not interfere with each other, and dynamic data of different layers of the oil-water well under the normal production state can be measured.
The testing device tests N2-20-468 wells in Daqing oil fields, and the N2-20-468 wells are divided into 2 intervals to be tested according to the design requirements of geologists, wherein the testing process is as follows:
1. the first interval is tested first. After the testing device is lowered into a target layer (a first layer) for downhole testing by using the cable, the cable is lifted and lowered to anchor the testing device to the testing layer section, and the downhole packer is released by the gravity of the pipe column and seals the corresponding testing layer section.
2. After the testing device is thrown into the underground, the throwing device is put out, and the oil well is started to normally produce.
3. The pressure and sampling tester is thrown into the underground testing working barrel by using the feeder, and the oil well normally produces for 2 days. The downhole pressure, sample tester measured the flow pressure data (as shown in table 1) and the fluid sample for that interval. After downhole shut-in, the zonal static pressure data for this interval was measured (as shown in table 1).
4. And (3) taking out the layered sampling tester, then carrying out flow rate test on the layer, and throwing the flowmeter into a test working barrel of the underground pipe column through a steel wire, so that the flowmeter can measure the layered flow rate of the corresponding layer (as shown in table 1). And after the test is finished, the fishing tool is put in, and the underground flowmeter is lifted out.
5. And (3) putting the fishing and delivering device, fishing out the underground testing device, deblocking the underground testing device by lifting and lowering the cable, putting the testing device into an underground testing target layer (a second layer), lifting and lowering the cable to anchor the testing device in the testing layer section, and releasing the underground packer by the gravity of the pipe column and sealing the corresponding testing layer section.
6. Repeating the steps 2, 3 and 4, and the measured data are shown in the table 1. And after the test is finished, the fisher is put in, and the underground testing device is taken out.
TABLE 1
Parameter(s) Static pressure (Mpa) Dynamic pressure (Mpa) Temperature (. degree.C.) Flow (M)3/d)
First layer segment 11.65 5.2 85 30
Second layer segment 13.28 5.8 85.5 42

Claims (3)

1. A method of hierarchical sampling testing, comprising the steps of:
step one, after a cable is used for carrying a downhole releasing test pipe column to be put into a test target layer, the lowered downhole releasing test pipe column is lifted up, and the downhole releasing test pipe column is anchored at the position of a corresponding test layer section;
step two, a sampling tester with a testing instrument is put into the underground releasing testing pipe column by being carried by a cable or a steel wire;
starting oil extraction equipment to enable the oil well to work normally, and placing a sampling tester of a releasing test pipe column underground to complete dynamic test and high-pressure physical property sampling of the interval;
fourthly, after the target layer test is finished, the cable is lowered into a fisher to fish the sampling tester and is taken out, and the underground layered fluid sample and the test data can be obtained;
step five, changing a test instrument in the sampling tester, and repeating the step two to the step four to obtain test data corresponding to the test instrument;
sixthly, fishing the underground releasing test pipe column by using a cable descending fisher, pulling out, changing a target layer, repeating the steps one to five, and completing sampling and testing of another target layer; wherein,
the underground releasing test pipe column consists of an underground releasing joint, a sealing device, a bridge type test working barrel and an anchoring device which are fixedly connected in sequence; the bridge type testing working barrel is internally provided with a testing channel and two bridge type channels, the testing channel is laterally communicated with the stratum to form two liquid inlet holes, and the bridge type channels are arranged in the wall surface of the bridge type testing working barrel and symmetrically arranged by taking the testing channel as a central line; and,
the uppermost end of the underground releasing joint is provided with a horn end gradually enlarged upwards, and an inner hole is provided with a reducing positioning step;
a plurality of slips which can be opened or closed are arranged outside the anchoring device, and the sealing device is a compressible hollow rubber sealing element;
the sampling tester can be put in or taken out of the underground releasing test pipe column and consists of a fishing head, a sampling cavity, a ball seat, a lower joint, a test sealing section and a test instrument which are connected in turn through screw threads; the sampling cavity, the ball seat, the lower joint and the inner cavity of the upper section of the testing sealing section are communicated; and,
the outer wall of the test sealing section is provided with an upper sealing rubber ring and a lower sealing rubber ring, the lower position of the test sealing section below the upper sealing rubber ring is provided with a liquid inlet hole, the liquid inlet hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the upper section of the test sealing section, the upper position of the lower sealing rubber ring of the test sealing section is provided with a pressure transfer hole, and the pressure transfer hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the lower section of the test sealing section;
the inner cavity of the lower section of the test sealing section is linked with the test instrument;
the fishing head is longitudinally provided with two liquid inlet holes communicated with the sampling cavity;
the sampling cavity is a hollow metal piece, a plunger is arranged in the sampling cavity, and the plunger is closely connected with the inner wall of the sampling cavity;
the bottom of the ball seat is provided with a through hole, the through hole is upwards provided with a ball valve and a floater in sequence, and the ball valve and the floater extend into the sampling cavity;
the lower joint is provided with an inner cavity, a tension spring is arranged in the inner cavity, one end of the spring is connected with the ball valve, and the other end of the spring is fixed at the bottom end of the lower joint; the lower joint bottom is equipped with two through-holes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sampling tester with the testing instrument is first placed into the downhole releasing test string, and then the cable is used to carry the downhole releasing test string and lower the testing target layer.
3. A stratified sampling test apparatus for use in the stratified sampling test method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a downhole releasing test string and a sampling tester.
CN2005100982862A 2005-09-05 2005-09-05 Method for down-hole laminated sampling and measuring device Active CN1928321B (en)

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