CN1919522A - Environmental protection type hyperthermia oxidation resistance weld material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an environmental protective high-temperature oxidation resistance welding material, which comprises the following parts: 0.1-2% Cu, 0.01-2% Sb, 0.01-1% Ni, 0.01-0.5% P, 0.01-0.5% Ga and Sn.

Description

A kind of environmental protection type hyperthermia oxidation resistance weld material

Technical field:

The present invention relates to welding technology field, specifically refer to a kind of environmental protection type hyperthermia oxidation resistance weld material, and under the high-temperature soldering condition, have the good resistance oxidability.

Technical background:

Traditional scolder is the Sn-pb solder, this scolder physics and mechanical property are superior, be widely used in the welding of electronic building brick, yet contain a large amount of lead in the conventional solder, lead is a kind of poisonous metallic element, can and can not discharge in the human body gathering after human body is taken in, human body is produced serious deleterious effects.Research points out, lead can combine strongly with the human body internal protein and suppress the normal function of human body, causes nervous function and metabolic function disorder, and can cause that hemochrome reduces, and causes anaemia, diseases such as hypertension.At lead---in the production and use of tin solder, the people knows from experience the lead of inevitable excess intake; Leaded discarded object is possibility contaminated soil and underground water also, finally also can be absorbed by the body.Therefore, in electronics industry, replacing traditional lead with lead-free solder---tin solder is the important topic that countries nowadays is paid close attention to.

World major industrialized country all recognizes the harmfulness of the problems referred to above gradually at present, and legislation respectively, take the form of timetable or route map, substep is forbidden producing and selling and the use home of solder containing pb and electronic product thereof, under this industrial background, people are spending a large amount of effort, and research and development can be used for substituting the lead-free solder of new generation of tin-lead solder.Through domestic and international a large amount of screening operations, people have explored the replacement scheme of some tin-lead solders, and in this case, various lead-free solders arise at the historic moment.Present lead-free solder mainly contains Sn-Cu series, Sn-Ag-Cu series, and Sn-Zn series etc. are multiple, although the kind of lead-free solder is a lot, have such or such problem mostly, at first are that antioxygenic property is poor.Tin easily is oxidized to scruff in welding process.So both influence use, caused the waste of tin again; Secondly, alloy structure is not careful, and welding back solder joint is lackluster, and weld seam is smooth inadequately, and the easy crack of overlay cladding influences the solder joint outward appearance.Be mobile poor at last, cause easily after the welding and draw point and bridging, influence welding quality.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of environmental protection type hyperthermia oxidation resistance weld material is provided, this scolder is not leaded, but smooth welding joint is attractive in appearance, and is durable.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A kind of environmental protection type hyperthermia oxidation resistance weld material that the present invention proposes, wherein the percentage by weight of each component is: Cu 0.1%～2%, and Sb 0.01%～2%, and Ni 0.01%～1%, and P 0.01%～0.5%, and Ga 0.01%～0.5% and Sn surplus are formed.

Preparation method of the present invention adopts following steps:

(1) preparation nickel, ashbury metal

The raw material weight proportioning is a nickel: tin=1: 99, nickel is inserted in the high temperature furnace of 800 ℃～1500 ℃ of temperature and melt, adding tin again and rocking gently mixes tin and nickel, shift out high temperature furnace, temperature is reduced between 550 ℃～600 ℃, stirred 10～15 minutes, pour in the mould, make nickeliferous 1%, the alloy of tin 99%, stand-by;

(2) preparation gallium, phosphorus, ashbury metal

The raw material weight proportioning is a gallium: phosphorus: tin=1: 1: 98, take by weighing gallium and phosphorus, and standby; Take by weighing tin again and insert can be airtight steel vessel in, gallium of getting ready and phosphorus are added, close closed container, be placed on the electric furnace, be heated to 400 ℃～600 ℃, constant temperature rocked this closed container 8～12 hours, move down closed container and be cooled to room temperature, make phosphorous 1%, gallium each 1%, the alloy of tin 98%, stand-by;

(3) tin is put into the container of a steel, steel vessel is placed on the electric furnace,, make tin be fused into liquid state 250 ℃～360 ℃ heating down;

(4) add antimony, copper, bismuth, stirred 30～60 minutes, it is fully melted;

(5) add the nickeltin that step (1) makes, stirred 8～12 minutes;

(6) adding gallium, phosphorus, the ashbury metal that step (2) makes stirred 8～12 minutes;

(7) scolder that stirs is poured in the mould, promptly obtained required scolder.

The percentage by weight of second kind of its each component of scheme of the present invention is: Cu 0.01%～2%, Ag0.2%～3.5%, and Ni 0.01%～1%, and P 0.01%～0.5%, and Ga 0.01%～0.5%, and Ce 0.005%～0.1% and Sn surplus are formed.

From technique scheme as can be seen, the present invention has the following advantages:

The invention provides a kind of environmental protection type hyperthermia oxidation resistance weld material, help environmental protection, avoid operating personnel's lead poisoning effectively.Because the component of scolder has been done a large amount of test book choosings and allotment meticulously, and adopt suitable preparation method, when scolder welds at high temperature (380 ℃～500 ℃), few oxidizing slag, has oxidation resistance, and can remain on the basic non-oxidation of tin stove surface-brightening under this temperature, welding back tin stove can keep the non-oxidation state of longer time.During welding than common Sn-Ag-Cu system weld defect still less.Less than 450 ℃ the time, the solder joint surface is light especially, has improved welding quality effectively.

The specific embodiment:

Preparation embodiment 1

Take by weighing Sb 30g respectively, Cu 13.5g, Bi 60g, nickeltin 300g, tin gallium, phosphorus, ashbury metal 150g, tin 2386.5g.Then tin is put into a steel vessel, move this steel vessel on electric furnace, be heated to 360 ℃, make tin be fused into liquid state.Add Sb, the Cu, the Bi stirring that weigh up and made Sb, Cu, Bi fusing in 30 minutes.Adding nickeltin stirred 8 minutes.Adding gallium, phosphorus, ashbury metal stirred 8 minutes.More than the scolder that stirs pour in the mould, get product.

Preparation embodiment 2

Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: move steel vessel on electric furnace, be heated to 250 ℃, make tin be fused into liquid state.Add Sb, the Cu, the Bi that weigh up and stirred 60 minutes, make Sb, Cu, Bi fusing.Add nickel tin and close unanimous stirring 12 minutes.Adding gallium, phosphorus, ashbury metal stirred 12 minutes.

Preparation embodiment 3

Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: move steel vessel on electric furnace, be heated to 310 ℃, make tin " be fused into liquid state.Add Sb, the Cu, the Bi that weigh up and stirred 45 minutes, make Sb, Cu, Bi fusing.Adding nickeltin stirred 10 minutes.Adding gallium, phosphorus, ashbury metal stirred 10 minutes.

Performance test example 1

The percetage by weight that scolder is formed is: Sb 1%, and Cu 0.45%, Ni0.1%, Ga0.05%, Sn surplus.This scolder is put into the stainless steel gold that can adorn the 3kg alloy, and the horse of putting into again not is jealous of, and heats up from 250 ℃ of opening entries.Result of the test such as table 1.

Table 1:

Temperature (℃)	The solder surface of fusing	Temperature (℃)	The solder surface of fusing
				250	Light shows slightly a little silvery white	400	Light shows slightly a little silvery white
270	Light shows slightly a little silvery white	420	Light shows slightly a little silvery white
				290	Light shows slightly a little silvery white	450	Light shows slightly a little silvery white
320	Light shows slightly a little silvery white	490	Light shows slightly a little silvery white

350	Light shows slightly a little silvery white	500	It is golden yellow that light shows slightly
				380	Light shows slightly a little silvery white

Under 250 ℃～500 ℃ of the result of the test explanations, scolder all has good non-oxidizability, and during to 500 ℃, the solder surface of fusing begins oxidation.

Performance test example 2

The percetage by weight that scolder is formed is: Sb 1%, and Cu 0.45%, Ni0.1%, and Ga0.05%, P 0.05%, the Sn surplus.This scolder is put into the stainless steel box that can adorn the 3kg alloy, insert temperature again and can reach in 1000 ℃ the Muffle furnace, heat up from 250 ℃ of opening entries, result of the test is as shown in table 2.

Table 2:

Temperature (℃)	The solder surface of fusing	Temperature (℃)	The solder surface of fusing
				250	As bright as a sixpence	430	As bright as a sixpence
270	As bright as a sixpence	440	As bright as a sixpence
				290	As bright as a sixpence	450	As bright as a sixpence
320	As bright as a sixpence	460	Oil droplet shape and slightly yellow appears in the surface
				350	As bright as a sixpence	470	The surface occurs golden yellow
380	As bright as a sixpence	450	Oil droplet shape and slightly yellow appears in the surface
				400	As bright as a sixpence	430	Recover bright mirror surface
420	As bright as a sixpence

The result of the test explanation, the antioxygenic property of this scolder is not tested the good of example 1 at 450 ℃～500 ℃, but is better than testing example 1 at antioxygenic property below 450 ℃.

Performance test example 3

The present invention is consisted of: Sb 1%, and Cu 0.45%, and Ni 0.1%, and Ga 0.05%, and P 0.05%, the scolder of Sn surplus with consist of: Ag 3%, and cu 0.45%, and the scolder of Sn surplus is opposed than test.

Condition: 40 of welding wiring boards, 270 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of operating temperatures, spray pattern, other conditions of work are identical.Result of the test is shown in table 3, table 4.

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Result of the test shows that the comparative example weld defect is higher by 30% than the present invention.

Certainly, the above embodiment only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection domain not thereby limiting the invention, thus all according to the equivalence variation that the present invention did, all should be covered by in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. environmental protection type hyperthermia oxidation resistance weld material, it is characterized in that: the percetage by weight of composition is Cu0.1%～2%, and Sb 0.01%～2%, and Ni 0.01%～1%, and P 0.01%～0.5%, Ga 0.01%～0.5% and Sn surplus are formed.

2. the preparation method of a kind of environmental protection type hyperthermia oxidation resistance weld material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this method is to adopt following steps:

(1) preparation nickel, ashbury metal

The raw material weight proportioning is a nickel: tin=1: 99, nickel is inserted in the high temperature furnace of 800 ℃～1500 ℃ of temperature and melt, adding tin again and rocking gently mixes tin and nickel, shift out high temperature furnace, temperature is reduced between 550 ℃～600 ℃, stirred 10～15 minutes, pour in the mould, make nickeliferous 1%, the alloy of tin 99%, stand-by.

(2) preparation gallium, phosphorus, ashbury metal

The raw material weight proportioning is a gallium: phosphorus: tin=1: 1: 98, take by weighing gallium and phosphorus, and standby; Take by weighing tin again and insert can be airtight steel vessel in, gallium of getting ready and phosphorus are added, close closed container, be placed on the electric furnace, be heated to 400 ℃～600 ℃, constant temperature rocked this closed container 8～12 hours, move down closed container and be cooled to room temperature, make phosphorous 1%, gallium each 1%, the alloy of tin 98%, stand-by.

(3) tin is put into the container of a steel, steel vessel is placed on the electric furnace,, make tin be fused into liquid state 250 ℃～360 ℃ heating down;

(4) add antimony, copper, bismuth, stirred 30～60 minutes, it is fully melted;

(5) add the nickeltin that step (1) makes, stirred 8～12 minutes;

(6) adding gallium, phosphorus, the ashbury metal that step (2) makes stirred 8～12 minutes;

(7) scolder that stirs is poured in the mould, promptly obtained required scolder.

3. environmental protection type hyperthermia oxidation resistance weld material, it is characterized in that: the percetage by weight of composition is Cu0.01%～2%, and Ag 0.2%～3.5%, Ni 0.01%～1%, P 0.01%～0.5%, and Ga 0.01%～0.5%, and Ce0.005%～0.1% and Sn surplus are formed.