CN1916622A - Mass spectrum equipment of accelerator, and method for measuring mass spectrum 14C of accelerator - Google Patents

Mass spectrum equipment of accelerator, and method for measuring mass spectrum 14C of accelerator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1916622A
CN1916622A CN 200510086258 CN200510086258A CN1916622A CN 1916622 A CN1916622 A CN 1916622A CN 200510086258 CN200510086258 CN 200510086258 CN 200510086258 A CN200510086258 A CN 200510086258A CN 1916622 A CN1916622 A CN 1916622A
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accelerator
rfq
mass spectrometry
ion
spectrometry device
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CN100561221C (en
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陈佳洱
郭之虞
刘克新
方家驯
谢谊
颜学庆
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Peking University
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Peking University
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Abstract

A mass spectrum unit of accelerator consists of ion source, beam buncher, RFQ accelerator, electronic stripper, high energy analyzing system and detector. It is featured as connecting said unit and system in sequence; accelerating 14C, 12 C and 13C ion separately to be at certain energy for carrying out electronic lift off by R is not equal toQ accelerator in order to eliminate disturbance of molecular ion.

Description

A kind of accelerator mass spectrometry device and accelerator mass spectrometry 14The C measuring method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the accelerator mass spectrometry technical field, be specifically related to a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry device and accelerator mass spectrometry based on the low-energy-spread rfq accelerator 14The C measuring method.
Background technology
Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has supersensitive analytical technology as one and has been widely used in fields such as geoscience, archaeology, life science, environmental science, astrophysics and material science.The AMS device is mainly measured 14The ratio of radioactive nuclide such as C and its stable isotope, thus survey year or researchs such as spike, and it utilizes accelerator that nucleic ion to be measured is accelerated to higher-energy, can suppress molion and isobar effectively to disturb, and reaches hypersensitivity.The AMS performance is mainly measuring accuracy, sensitivity and efficiency of measurement.
General AMS device comprises ion gun, injected system, accelerator, high energy analytic system and ion detector.Accelerator generally adopts swindletron and tandem dynamitron.All with the high-voltage electric field speeding-up ion that produces between high-field electrode and the earth potential, high-field electrode and accelerating tube need be placed in the steel cylinder this two classes accelerator, are filled with high pressure SF in the steel cylinder 6Gas insulate, and obviously uses SF 6Gas is unfavorable for environmental protection.Be to guarantee insulation effect, also need comparatively complicated apparatus such as gas circulation dried.For guaranteeing that measuring accuracy needs different isotope ions are all quickened by accelerator, but this class accelerator bundle loading capability is lower, need the alternately injected system of a cover more complicated, so that have only particle booster at short notice of the strong stable isotope of higher stream.Also the someone adopts concurrently injected method, but its injected system is more complicated, need earlier separately to decay, and then different isotope ions are converged be injected in the accelerator having the strong stable isotope ion beam current of higher stream with different isotope ions.The measurement background of this while method for implanting is higher, and corresponding high energy analytic system is more complicated also.
A kind of Single Stage AMS (SSAMS) device has appearred recently, this device adopts 300kV single-stage current in electrostatic accelerating tube, do not need steel cylinder, but there is partial devices will be on the noble potential inevitably, operation inconvenience, certain limitation is arranged, and measurement sensitivity is under some influence owing to energy is too low.
Also have a kind of compact cyclotron also to be used to AMS, based on the AMS of sort accelerator because the restriction of transfer efficiency makes measuring accuracy and efficiency of measurement all on the low side.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the problem that above-mentioned various accelerator mass spectrometry device exists, and a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry device and accelerator mass spectrometry based on the low-energy-spread rfq accelerator is provided 14The C measuring method can improve efficiency of measurement.
Technology contents of the present invention: a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry device comprises: ion gun, beam buncher, radio frequency four polar field (RFQ) accelerator, electron stripper, high energy analytic system and detector, and above-mentioned parts connect in order, and rfq accelerator respectively will 14C, 12C, 13The C ion accelerates to certain energy to carry out electron detachment, can eliminate molion and disturb.
Between beam buncher and rfq accelerator condenser lens is set, the continuous line that ion gun is drawn vertically is injected in the rfq accelerator behind pack and the transverse focusing respectively.
Connect an electron stripper after the rfq accelerator, this electron stripper is in earth potential and open space position.
Between rfq accelerator and electron stripper, condenser lens can be set.
The high energy analytic system comprises an analysis magnet, has stable isotope measurement to be used for measuring with Faraday cup behind the analysis magnet 12C, 13C.
The high energy analytic system also can comprise an electrostatic analyzer or cross(ed) field analyzer.
This accelerator mass spectrometry device also need comprise control system, by the operation of the whole device of computer control, realizes alternately quickening of different isotope ions, and carries out data processing.
The corresponding accelerator mass spectrometry of this accelerator mass spectrometry device 14The C measuring method is:
1) the ion gun continuous line of drawing is bundled into pulsed beam current and is injected in the rfq accelerator;
2) by alternately changing the radio-frequency power of feed-in rfq accelerator, realize 14C, 12C, 13Alternately quickening of three kinds of ions of C;
3) behind electron detachment, 14C, 12C, 13The C positive ion is measured by Faraday cup in the high energy analytic system and detector respectively.
Technique effect of the present invention: the present invention is the technology that radio frequency four polar field (RFQ) accelerator is applied to the AMS field, has the following advantages:
1) no longer needs insulating gas SF 6Thereby, save a series of devices such as high pressure vessel and gas circulation dried, easy and help environmental protection;
2) under the prerequisite that guarantees measuring accuracy and efficient, no longer need complicated fast alternately injected system or while injected system;
3) electron stripper is in earth potential, and attended operation is convenient and can attempt multiple lift-off technology;
4) the high energy analytic system is simple;
5) the one-piece construction volume is small and exquisite, and is easy and simple to handle.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is made detailed description.
The electrode structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 1 rfq accelerator;
A) cross-sectional view of electrode;
B) longitudinal sectional drawing of electrode;
Fig. 2 the present invention is based on the structural representation of the accelerator mass spectrometry device of rfq accelerator.
The 1-ion gun; The 2-beam buncher; The 3-simple lens; The 4-RFQ accelerator; The 5-electron stripper; The 6-analysis magnet; The 7-Faraday cup; The 8-electrostatic analyzer; The 9-solid probe.
Embodiment
With the key distinction of other AMS systems be that the present invention has adopted rfq accelerator.Characteristics such as rfq accelerator has beam transfer efficient height, and volume is small and exquisite, but loosing of its output line is bigger, generally about 1%.According to the requirement of AMS technology, the rfq accelerator exit 14The C line can loose best less than 0.5%.The present invention adopts outer pack rfq accelerator, carry out the pulsed beam current injection by add beam buncher at the rfq accelerator front end, in the design of RFQ accelerating electrode, adopt simultaneously to increase the accelerating sections locking phase and reduce accelerating sections electrode index of modulation m measures such as (referring to Fig. 1), can realize the low-energy-spread characteristic of rfq accelerator output line.Can enable like this to loose is significantly improved, and simultaneously the RFQ size is reduced, and power consumption reduces.In addition, rfq accelerator itself promptly can be used as the one-level analyzer, can effectively separate 14C, 12C, 13Three kinds of isotope ions of C no longer need to inject preanalysis magnet and fast alternate system or while injected system, and the AMS injected system is simplified greatly, can only comprise a beam buncher and a simple lens.
In the AMS device, use the benefit that rfq accelerator brought to be, its latter linked electron stripper is in earth potential and the open space, and unlike on the noble potential of stripper in high-field electrode of AMS system, thereby attended operation is convenient and can attempt multiple lift-off technology.
Use another benefit that rfq accelerator brought to be in the AMS device, although adopt method for implanting simultaneously, because its 12C, 13C disturb background lower, the high energy analytic system can be fairly simple, for example includes only an analysis magnet and an electrostatic analyzer.Be the precision that guarantees that isotopic ratio is measured, different isotope ions all will be by the analysis magnet in the high energy analytic system.There is stable isotope measurement to be used for measuring behind the analysis magnet with Faraday cup 12C, 13C, and 14C then uses detector measurement.
Special measuring method of the present invention realizes the measurement of different isotopic ratios for directly to utilize rfq accelerator that the ion of different specific charges is had very strong transmitting selective.General AMS system realizes by fast alternately the injection 14C, 12C, 13The ratio of three kinds of isotope ions of C is measured, and promptly alternately changes the high pressure on the injection magnet vacuum box, can inject tandem accelerator in proper order thereby make the isotope of different quality have different energy.And rfq accelerator for 14C, 12C, 13The transmission of three kinds of ions of C has very strong selectivity, and is right according to rfq accelerator 14C, 12C, 13The selectivity of three kinds of ions of C, adopt different radio frequency electromagnetic field power to quicken wherein a kind of ion respectively, under this power, other two kinds of ions can not get quickening substantially, thereby separated, promptly under the same accelerator parameter, have only a kind of particle can obtain institute's energy requirement, not only the gained energy is low for other two kinds of particles, and transfer efficiency is poor.Therefore, the present invention alternately quickens by alternately changing the radio-frequency power of feed-in rfq accelerator 14C, 12C, 13Three kinds of ions of C so that it reaches identical energy, are measured respectively after electron detachment, analysis magnet analysis.
Ion gun, high energy analytic system and detector all can adopt the design based on the miniaturization AMS system similarity of tandem accelerator of U.S. NEC Corporation, ion gun adopts many target position sputter anion source, the high energy analytic system is made up of an analysis magnet and an electrostatic analyzer, and detector adopts gold silicon surface barrier solid probe.
Figure 2 shows that a concrete enforcement example of the present invention, each critical piece of this embodiment done specifying below:
1, ion gun
Ion gun 1 can be selected AMS system many target position caesium sputter anion source commonly used for use, and it act as graphite sample is converted into the beam of charged ions with certain energy.Adopt negative ion to eliminate 14The isobar of N disturbs.
2, beam buncher
Between beam buncher 2 and rfq accelerator, be provided with condenser lens 3.The vertical pack of continuous Shu Jinhang and the transverse focusing of drawing from ion gun also is injected into rfq accelerator, 14C, 12C, 13Three kinds of ions of C inject simultaneously.
1) beam buncher: beam buncher can adopt two drift harmonic bunching devices, and the direct current bundle that ion gun is drawn enters rfq accelerator again after this beam buncher becomes pulsed beams, can effectively shorten the length of rfq accelerator and reduce loosing of output line.
2) simple lens: can select universal simple lens, its effect is to make the line transverse focusing, mates with the rfq accelerator porch.
3, rfq accelerator
Rfq accelerator 4 adopts little airfoil structure, can be respectively with 14C, 12C, 13The C ion accelerates to certain energy to peel off, and eliminates molion and disturbs.
1) acceleration energy: by the analysis-by-synthesis to gas charge stripping efficiency under the different-energy and accelerator post analysis system requirements, acceleration energy can be selected 0.4MV.
2) voltage across poles: take all factors into consideration energy consumption and characteristic radius, voltage across poles selects 50kV.
3) frequency of operation: take all factors into consideration focusing and accelerating length, frequency of operation is selected 108MHz.
4) can loose: transmitted beam hydromechanics optimal design, can loose to be decreased to 0.6%.
5) transfer efficiency: to selected ion, the transfer efficiency that analog computation provides can reach 100%.
4, electron stripper
Electron stripper 5 can be a cover circulation stripping system after being right after rfq accelerator, and promptly strip gas can recycle by a molecular pump, thus make in the accelerator and bunch in vacuum remain on high as far as possible state.Negative ion is stripped from into positive ion after by stripper, molion as 13CH +Instability dissociates, its fragment quality with 14The C difference, the track in the analyzer afterwards is also inequality, thereby separated.A condenser lens is arranged between rfq accelerator and the electron stripper, can export line to rfq accelerator and carry out transverse focusing.
5, high energy analytic system
The high energy analytic system can comprise an analysis magnet 6 and an electrostatic analyzer 8, and the line light path design should make its compact conformation, does not comprise any extra concentrating element.There is stable isotope measurement to be used for measuring behind the analysis magnet with Faraday cup 7 12C, 13C.The high energy analytic system can effectively suppress various interfering ions, guarantees that detector is only right 14The C ion is counted.
6, detector
After the electrostatic analyzer of high energy analytic system, with 9 pairs of solid probes 14C counts.
7, control system
By the operation of the whole device of computer control, realize alternately quickening of different isotope ions, and carry out data processing, calculate 14C/ 12C with 14C/ 13C ratio.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry device comprises: ion gun, beam buncher, radio frequency four polar field (RFQ) accelerator, electron stripper, high energy analytic system and detector, and above-mentioned parts connect in order, and rfq accelerator respectively will 14C, 12C, 13The C ion accelerates to certain energy to carry out electron detachment, can eliminate molion and disturb.
2, accelerator mass spectrometry device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: between beam buncher and rfq accelerator condenser lens is set, the continuous line that ion gun is drawn vertically is injected in the rfq accelerator behind pack and the transverse focusing respectively.
3, accelerator mass spectrometry device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: connect an electron stripper after the rfq accelerator, this electron stripper is in earth potential and open space position.
4, accelerator mass spectrometry device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: between rfq accelerator and electron stripper condenser lens can be set.
5, accelerator mass spectrometry device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the high energy analytic system comprises an analysis magnet, has stable isotope measurement to be used for measuring with Faraday cup behind the analysis magnet 12C, 13C.
6, accelerator mass spectrometry device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the high energy analytic system also comprises an electrostatic analyzer or cross(ed) field analyzer.
7, accelerator mass spectrometry device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise a control system, by the operation of the whole device of computer control, realize alternately quickening of different isotope ions, and carry out data processing.
8, a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry 14The C measuring method comprises:
1) the ion gun continuous line of drawing is bundled into pulsed beam current and is injected in the rfq accelerator;
2) by alternately changing the radio-frequency power of feed-in rfq accelerator, alternately quicken 14C, 12C, 13Three kinds of ions of C;
3) behind electron detachment, 12C, 13C, 14The C positive ion is measured by Faraday cup in the high energy analytic system and detector respectively.
CNB2005100862589A 2005-08-19 2005-08-19 A kind of accelerator mass spectrometry device and accelerator mass spectrometry 14The C measuring method Expired - Fee Related CN100561221C (en)

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CN101446527B (en) * 2007-11-27 2010-12-08 北京大学 Accelerator mass spectrometry carbon-14 dating and sampling device
CN102119584B (en) * 2008-08-11 2014-02-12 离子束应用股份有限公司 High-current DC proton accelerator
CN104181223A (en) * 2014-08-22 2014-12-03 中国科学院地球环境研究所 Method for carrying out accelerator mass spectrometry measurement by using super halogen anions of beryllium
CN105301088A (en) * 2015-04-01 2016-02-03 中国原子能科学研究院 Accelerator mass spectrometer with simultaneous isotope measurement function
CN106501291A (en) * 2016-10-18 2017-03-15 中国科学院地球环境研究所 One kind adopts AMS on-line measurements under same target sample7Be with10The method of Be abundance
CN107377280A (en) * 2017-08-04 2017-11-24 华中科技大学 A kind of spray caesium device applied to anion source
JP2018511925A (en) * 2015-04-01 2018-04-26 中国原子能科学研究院Ｃｈｉｎａ Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ Ｏｆ Ａｔｏｍｉｃ Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ Accelerator mass spectrometer with isotope simultaneous measurement function
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US5508515A (en) * 1995-03-06 1996-04-16 Enge; Harald A. Mass recombinator for accelerator mass spectrometry
US5661299A (en) * 1996-06-25 1997-08-26 High Voltage Engineering Europa B.V. Miniature AMS detector for ultrasensitive detection of individual carbon-14 and tritium atoms
GB0002873D0 (en) * 2000-02-09 2000-03-29 Cbams Limited Sample preparation method
CN1162892C (en) * 2002-02-06 2004-08-18 中国科学院地球环境研究所 Double-injected tandom accelerator mass spectrometer

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CN102119584B (en) * 2008-08-11 2014-02-12 离子束应用股份有限公司 High-current DC proton accelerator
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CN106501291B (en) * 2016-10-18 2019-03-19 中国科学院地球环境研究所 It is a kind of to use AMS on-line measurement under same target sample7Be with10The method of Be abundance
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