CN110444461A - Accelerator mass spectrometry device and accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method - Google Patents

Accelerator mass spectrometry device and accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110444461A
CN110444461A CN201910743604.8A CN201910743604A CN110444461A CN 110444461 A CN110444461 A CN 110444461A CN 201910743604 A CN201910743604 A CN 201910743604A CN 110444461 A CN110444461 A CN 110444461A
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accelerating tube
anion
cation
mass spectrometry
magnet
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CN110444461B (en
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何明
包轶文
游曲波
苏胜勇
姜山
李康宁
赵庆章
胡跃明
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China Institute of Atomic of Energy
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China Institute of Atomic of Energy
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/62Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
    • G01N27/622Ion mobility spectrometry
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/0027Methods for using particle spectrometers
    • H01J49/0031Step by step routines describing the use of the apparatus
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/004Combinations of spectrometers, tandem spectrometers, e.g. MS/MS, MSn
    • H01J49/0086Accelerator mass spectrometers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry devices, and including the ion source for generating anion, the anion that ion source generates enters tandem accelerator by injected system, and tandem accelerator is connected to analysis system and analysis system is connected to detector;Wherein, tandem accelerator includes the first accelerating tube, gas stripper and the second accelerating tube, and the first accelerating tube, gas stripper and the second accelerating tube are sequentially connected;Injected system includes the first electrostatic analyzer and injection magnet;Analysis system includes analysis magnet and the second electrostatic analyzer.The present invention also provides a kind of measurement methods based on the accelerator mass spectrometry device.The present invention simplifies its structure by optimizing to accelerator mass spectrometry device and improves the mass resolution and efficiency of transmission of device, to realize efficient, the high-sensitivity measurement of trace or ultra trace multicore element.

Description

Accelerator mass spectrometry device and accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Accelerator mass spectrometry fields, and in particular to accelerator mass spectrometry device and accelerator mass spectrometry measurement side Method.
Background technique
Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a kind of high-energy isotope mass spectrometry based on accelerator art and ion detector technology Instrument is mainly used for the atom measurement of radionuclide, has measurement sensitivity height, amount of samples few (g grades of mg/ μ), time of measuring The advantages that short, is especially suitable for the measurement of trace and ultra trace Long-lived Radionuclides.Accelerator mass spectrometry is widely used to examine The fields such as Gu Xue, geological sciences, nuclear physics and astrophysics, environmental science, biomedicine.
Accelerator mass spectrometry is by sample ionization using ionization techniques into anion, after electricity, magnetic action initial option Anion is accelerated into certain energy, then converts cation for anion using lift-off technology, while by molecular ion watt Solution is removed all kinds of obstacles background using high energy analytical technology, is finally measured with nuclear detector to ion.Wherein, it uses Sputter negative ion source has the ability for excluding isobar background;Tandem accelerator is used simultaneously, can obtain higher energy Amount is also beneficial to exclude background interference.Therefore, AMS overcomes molecule background and isobar background existing for traditional mass spectrum The limitation of interference, has high measurement sensitivity, and the adundance sensitivity of measurement can reach 10-15
There are following several respects for the development trend of Accelerator mass spectrometry: (1) from the point of view of device, AMS device tends to be small-sized Change, to realize efficient, high-sensitivity measurement;Such as it is greater than the large-scale tandem AMS system of 6MV from the end voltage at initial stage, develops to end electricity Press the miniature Cascade that the compact AMS device for being 0.5MV, end voltage are 0.2MV14C measuring device etc.;(2) from measurement nucleic From the point of view of type, nucleic wide variety can measure, such as from light nucleus element originally14C、26Al、36Cl waits until heavy isotope such as129I、236U 、239Pu、237The measurement of Np etc., further improves application range.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being by being optimized to accelerator mass spectrometry device to simplify its structure simultaneously The mass resolution and efficiency of transmission of device are improved, to realize the measurement multicore element especially height of trace or ultra trace heavy isotope Effect, high-sensitivity measurement.
At least one of in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem aspect, the embodiment provides a kind of accelerator matter Spectral apparatus, and the measurement method carried out using the accelerator mass spectrometry device.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry device is provided, comprising: for generating the ion of anion Source, the anion that the ion source generates enter tandem accelerator by injected system, and the tandem accelerator is connected to analysis The system and analysis system is connected to detector;Wherein, the tandem accelerator includes the first accelerating tube, gas stripper With the second accelerating tube, first accelerating tube, gas stripper and the second accelerating tube are sequentially connected, and the first accelerating tube and second adds Fast pipe is placed in Atmospheric Condition;Wherein, the injected system includes the first electrostatic analyzer and injection magnet, and described first is quiet Electroanalyzer carries out energy spectrometer to the anion that ion source generates and will be sent into injection magnet by the anion of energy selection, The injection magnet carries out separation to anion and the anion after separation is sent into the first accelerating tube;First accelerating tube will Anion after separation is sent into the gas stripper after accelerating, and anion is converted cation by the gas stripper;Institute It states after the second accelerating tube accelerates the cation and is sent into the analysis system;The analysis system includes analysis magnet and second Electrostatic analyzer, the analysis magnet to by the cation that second accelerating tube accelerates carry out separation and by separation after just Ion is sent into the second electrostatic analyzer, and second electrostatic analyzer carries out energy spectrometer to the cation after separation and will pass through The cation of energy selection is sent into detector;The detector measures above-mentioned cation.
Preferably, the end voltage of the tandem accelerator is 0.3MV.
Preferably, three are equipped between the injection magnet and the first accelerating tube and between the second accelerating tube and analysis magnet Unit quadrupole lenses.
Preferably, the output end of the injection magnet and the analysis magnet is equipped with biasing Faraday cup, for steady Determine isotope to measure.
Preferably, the deflection radius of first electrostatic analyzer and injection magnet is set as 750mm, deflection angle 90 Degree;The deflection radius of the analysis magnet and the second electrostatic analyzer is set as 1000mm, and deflection angle is 90 degree.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method is provided, comprising: sample to be tested is through ion Source ionization generates anion;The anion enters the first accelerating tube by injected system and is accelerated;Accelerate through described first The anion that pipe accelerates enters gas stripper, and the anion is converted into cation through the gas stripper;It is described just from Son enters the second accelerating tube and is accelerated;The cation accelerated through second accelerating tube enters analysis system and is analyzed;By Detector measures the cation after the analysis.
Preferably, accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method further include: by the first electrostatic analyzer to bearing of generating of ion source from Son carries out energy spectrometer and will be sent into injection magnet by the anion of energy selection, and the injection magnet divides anion The first accelerating tube is sent into from and by anion after separation.
Preferably, accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method further include: accelerated by analysis magnet to by second accelerating tube Cation carry out separation and by after separation cation be sent into the second electrostatic analyzer, second electrostatic analyzer is to separation Cation afterwards carries out energy spectrometer and will be sent into detector by the cation of energy selection.
Preferably, accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method further include: use biasing faraday in the output end of the injection magnet Cup measures stable isotope.
Preferably, accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method further include: use biasing faraday in the output end of the analysis magnet Cup measures stable isotope.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that at least one of:
(1) the accelerator mass spectrometry device of the embodiment of the present invention uses the end voltage of tandem accelerator for 0.3MV, is conducive to whole The miniaturization of a measuring system, and can reduce equipment cost and high-voltage isulation requirement;
(2) by using air insulation to accelerating tube, save the cost of insulating gas and the material of accelerator steel cylinder, Equipment cost simplifies device structure;
(3) the accelerator mass spectrometry device of the embodiment of the present invention can be realized multicore element by the optimization design of beam optics High-sensitivity measurement improves the utilization efficiency of instrument;
(4) while not reducing the mass resolution of analysis magnet, the object point of analysis magnet is set in the middle part of stripper, Device space is greatly saved, so that compact-sized;
(5) it is powered using battery to electric elements such as the vacuum pumps on high pressure head, eliminates isolating transformer, not only save Cost also eliminates the use space of isolating transformer simultaneously, so that system is more compact.
Detailed description of the invention
By the description made for the present invention of below with reference to attached drawing, other objects and advantages of the present invention will be aobvious and easy See, and can help that complete understanding of the invention will be obtained.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram according to the accelerator mass spectrometry device of the embodiment of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference:
10- ion source, 11- injected system, 12- tandem accelerator, 13- analysis system, 14- detector;
The first accelerating tube of A01-, A02- gas stripper, the second accelerating tube of A03-, the first electrostatic analyzer of A04-, A05- Injection magnet, A06- analysis magnet, the second electrostatic analyzer of A07-, tri- unit quadrupole lenses of A08-.
It should be noted that attached drawing is not necessarily to scale to draw, but only not influence the schematic of reader's understanding Mode is shown.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the attached drawing of the embodiment of the present invention, Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is an implementation of the invention Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on described the embodiment of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without creating Property labour under the premise of every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, the technical term or scientific term that the present invention uses should be tool in fields of the present invention The ordinary meaning for thering is the personage of general technical ability to be understood.
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry device according to an embodiment of the present invention, including the ion for generating anion Source 10, the anion that ion source 10 generates enter tandem accelerator 12 by injected system 11, and tandem accelerator 12 is connected to point Analysis system 13 and analysis system 13 is connected to detector 14;Wherein, tandem accelerator 12 includes the first accelerating tube A01, gas Stripper A02 and the second accelerating tube A03, the first accelerating tube A01, gas stripper A02 and the second accelerating tube A03 are sequentially connected, First accelerating tube A01 and the second accelerating tube A03 are placed in Atmospheric Condition;Wherein, injected system 11 includes the first coulostatic analysis Device A04 and injection magnet A05, the first electrostatic analyzer A04 carry out energy spectrometer to the anion that ion source 10 generates and will be through Cross energy selection anion be sent into injection magnet A05, injection magnet A05 to anion carry out separation and by after separation bear from Son is sent into the first accelerating tube A01;First accelerating tube A01 is sent into gas stripper A02, gas after accelerating the anion after separation Anion is converted cation by stripper A02;Second accelerating tube A03 is sent into analysis system 13 after accelerating cation;Wherein, Analysis system 13 includes that analysis magnet A06 and the second electrostatic analyzer A07, analysis magnet A06 add to by the second accelerating tube A03 The cation of speed carries out separation and the cation after separation is sent into the second electrostatic analyzer A07, the second A07 pairs of electrostatic analyzer Cation after separation carries out energy spectrometer and will be sent into detector 14 by the cation of energy selection;Detector 14 is to above-mentioned Cation measures.
Wherein, ion source 10 for example can be sputter negative ion source, sample generated after the ionization of ion source 10 bear from Son, by drawing and tentatively after acceleration by the first electrostatic analyzer A04 of injection;Ion source 10 can be the height set on 50kV and present a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme On frame;
Further, the effect of the first electrostatic analyzer A04 is to carry out energy selection to the anion of entrance, by energy phase Same ion continues to be fed into injection magnet A05;Wherein, energy selection need to meet following relationship:
E/q=ε r/2 (1)
In formula, ε is the electric field strength of electrostatic analyzer, and r is the radius of curvature of track, and E is the kinetic energy of ion, and q is ion Charge state absolute value;
Further, the effect of injection magnet A05 is that selection is carried out to the anion of different quality to divide anion It leaves, and the anion of nucleic to be measured is sent into the first accelerating tube A01;Wherein, momentum is carried out to the anion of different quality Selection need to meet following relationship:
In formula, B is magnetic field strength, and q is the charge state absolute value of ion, and R is the radius of curvature of track, m and E be respectively from The quality and kinetic energy of son;After the selection of the first electrostatic analyzer A04 and injection magnet A05, it is tested the matter of radionuclide ion Amount, energy and charge can be selected, so that some interference backgrounds tentatively be excluded;
Further, the effect of the first accelerating tube A01 is the energy for carrying out accelerating to improve ion to the anion of entrance;In In the present embodiment, the end voltage of tandem accelerator for example can be 0.3MV, thus, ion enters after the first accelerating tube A01 from ground Current potential accelerates to 300kV, subsequently into gas stripper A02;
The effect of gas stripper A02 is to realize a key link of Nuclide measurement of the present invention, can be by anion It is converted into the cation of multiple-charged state, and simultaneously due to the also molecular ion entered together with anion, the molecular ion It is broken down into monatomic cation after strip gas for example can be helium, is achieved in the exclusion of molecular ion background;
Further, the cation after gas stripping enters the second accelerating tube A03, and at end, voltage is accelerated then again Into analysis magnet A06;
Analysis magnet A06 and the second electrostatic analyzer A07 will after carrying out momentum selection and energy selection to cation respectively Cation is sent into detector 14 and is measured;Wherein, analysis magnet A06, which carries out momentum selection, should meet as shown in above formula (2) Relationship, the second electrostatic analyzer A07 carry out energy selection should meet the relationship as shown in above formula (1);
After screening by above-mentioned some column, various interference backgrounds such as molecular ion, isobar ion background quilt It excludes, to realize highly sensitive, the efficient measurement of tested nucleic, therefore, the accelerator mass spectrometry device of the embodiment of the present invention has Higher measurement sensitivity and measurement efficiency.
Preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the end voltage of the tandem accelerator used are conducive to entirely survey for 0.3MV The miniaturization of amount system, and can reduce equipment cost and high-voltage isulation requirement.
Further, referring to Fig.1, between injection magnet A05 and the first accelerating tube A01 and the second accelerating tube A03 with It is equipped with three unit quadrupole lenses A08 between analysis magnet A06, is conducive to the efficiency of transmission for improving line.The quadrupole lenses are for example It can be electrostatic quadrupole lenses.Specifically, the quadrupole lenses between injection magnet A05 and the first accelerating tube A01, pass through Anion transmission is focused on into gas stripper A02 with accelerating focussing force to cooperate with;And after the second accelerating tube A03 acceleration just Cation is then focused on the picture point of analysis magnet A06 by ion using quadrupole lenses, and analysis magnet A06 passes through picture point slit then Ion is sent into the second electrostatic analyzer A07 after selecting ion.
Accordingly, the object point of analysis magnet is set in the middle part of gas stripper, in combination with the focusing of quadrupole lenses Effect, realizes the high efficiency of transmission of line, while this also further saves the arrangement space of device, so that overall structure is more stepped up It gathers.
Further, it is equipped with biasing Faraday cup in the output end of injection magnet and analysis magnet, for same to stabilization Position element measures.
Further, referring to Fig.1, the deflection radius of the first electrostatic analyzer A04 and injection magnet A05 is set as 750mm, Deflection angle is 90 degree;The deflection radius of analysis magnet A06 and the second electrostatic analyzer A07 are set as 1000mm, deflection angle It is 90 degree.Wherein, the setting of deflection radius can be depending on the type according to tested nucleic, and deflection angle is set as 90 degree and is conducive to tie Structure is installed convenient.
Accelerator mass spectrometry device according to an embodiment of the present invention, accelerator use tandem accelerator, and tandem accelerator Use end voltage for 0.3MV, this is greatly lowered the high-voltage isulation requirement of accelerator, thus (will accelerate with traditional accelerator Device is placed in steel cylinder, and such as SF is full of in steel cylinder6Insulating gas) unlike, accelerating tube is placed in open spaces by the present invention Be placed in Atmospheric Condition (being not provided with steel cylinder), insulated using atmosphere, so as to save the cost of insulating gas with And material, the equipment cost of accelerator steel cylinder, and simplify device structure.Further, such as gas stripper can be set In on the high pressure rack of 0.3MV, the both ends of gas stripper are connected by the first accelerator and the second accelerator with ground potential It connects;In addition, being equipped with battery system on high pressure rack, for the power supply of the electric elements such as vacuum pump to high pressure head, thus save Isolating transformer design (tradition is powered using isolating transformer, and isolating transformer structure is larger) has been gone, cost has not only been saved The use space of isolating transformer can also be further saved, so that the whole design of device is more compact.
Based on above-mentioned accelerator mass spectrometry device, accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention, including it is following Step:
S1: sample to be tested ionizes through ion source and generates anion;
S2: above-mentioned anion enters the first accelerating tube by injected system and is accelerated;
S3: the anion accelerated through the first accelerating tube enters gas stripper, and anion is positive through gas stripper conversion Ion;
S4: above-mentioned cation enters the second accelerating tube and is accelerated;
S5: the cation accelerated through the second accelerating tube enters analysis system and is analyzed;
S6: the cation after above-mentioned analysis is measured by detector.
Further, step S2 may include: to carry out energy to the anion that ion source generates by the first electrostatic analyzer Amount analysis and the anion that will pass through energy selection are sent into injection magnet, after injection magnet carries out separation and will separate to anion Nucleic anion to be measured be sent into the first accelerating tube.
Wherein, the first electrostatic analyzer, which carries out energy selection to anion, should meet the relationship as shown in above formula (1), inject Magnet, which carries out momentum selection to anion, should meet the relationship as shown in above formula (2).
Further, step S2 can also include: injection magnet output end using biasing Faraday cup it is same to stabilization Position element measures.
Further, step S5 may include: to be carried out by analysis magnet to the cation accelerated by the second accelerating tube It separates and the cation after separation is sent into the second electrostatic analyzer, the second electrostatic analyzer carries out energy spectrometer simultaneously to cation Detector will be sent by the cation of energy selection.
Wherein, analysis magnet, which carries out momentum selection to cation, should meet the relationship as shown in above formula (2), the second electrostatic point Parser, which carries out energy selection to cation, should meet the relationship as shown in above formula (1).
Further, step S5 can also include: analysis magnet output end using biasing Faraday cup it is same to stabilization Position element measures;And nucleic cation to be measured is then measured into detector, this to measure a variety of nucleic simultaneously, improves Measurement efficiency.
For the embodiment of the present invention, it is also necessary to explanation, in the absence of conflict, the embodiment of the present invention and reality Applying the feature in example can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiment.
More than, only a specific embodiment of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is of the invention Protection scope should be subject to the protection scope in claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry device comprising for generating the ion source of anion, the anion that the ion source generates Enter tandem accelerator by injected system, the tandem accelerator is connected to analysis system and the analysis system is connected to Detector;
Wherein, the tandem accelerator include the first accelerating tube, gas stripper and the second accelerating tube, first accelerating tube, Gas stripper and the second accelerating tube are sequentially connected, and the first accelerating tube and the second accelerating tube are placed in Atmospheric Condition;
Wherein, the injected system includes the first electrostatic analyzer and injection magnet, and first electrostatic analyzer is to ion source The anion of generation carries out energy spectrometer and will be sent into injection magnet by the anion of energy selection, and the injection magnet is to negative Ion carries out separation and the anion after separation is sent into the first accelerating tube;
First accelerating tube is sent into the gas stripper after accelerating the anion after separation, and the gas stripper will be born Ion conversion is cation;Second accelerating tube is sent into the analysis system after accelerating the cation;
The analysis system includes analysis magnet and the second electrostatic analyzer, and the analysis magnet is to by second accelerating tube The cation of acceleration carries out separation and the cation after separation is sent into the second electrostatic analyzer, second electrostatic analyzer pair Cation after separation carries out energy spectrometer and will be sent into detector by the cation of energy selection;
The detector measures above-mentioned cation.
2. accelerator mass spectrometry device according to claim 1, wherein the end voltage of the tandem accelerator is 0.3MV.
3. accelerator mass spectrometry device according to claim 1, wherein between the injection magnet and the first accelerating tube and Three unit quadrupole lenses are equipped between second accelerating tube and analysis magnet.
4. accelerator mass spectrometry device according to claim 1, wherein the output of the injection magnet and the analysis magnet End is equipped with biasing Faraday cup, for measuring to stable isotope.
5. accelerator mass spectrometry device according to claim 1, wherein first electrostatic analyzer and injection magnet it is inclined Turn radius and be set as 750mm, deflection angle is 90 degree;The deflection radius of the analysis magnet and the second electrostatic analyzer is set as 1000mm, deflection angle are 90 degree.
6. a kind of accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method comprising:
Sample to be tested ionizes through ion source and generates anion;
The anion enters the first accelerating tube by injected system and is accelerated;
The anion accelerated through first accelerating tube enters gas stripper, and the anion is converted through the gas stripper For cation;
The cation enters the second accelerating tube and is accelerated;
The cation accelerated through second accelerating tube enters analysis system and is analyzed;
The cation after the analysis is measured by detector.
7. accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method according to claim 6, further includes, by the first electrostatic analyzer to ion The anion that source generates carries out energy spectrometer and will be sent into injection magnet, the injection magnet pair by the anion of energy selection Anion carries out separation and the anion after separation is sent into the first accelerating tube.
8. accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method according to claim 6, further includes, by analysis magnet to by described the The cation that two accelerating tubes accelerate carries out separation and the cation after separation is sent into the second electrostatic analyzer, second electrostatic Analyzer carries out energy spectrometer to the cation after separation and will be sent into detector by the cation of energy selection.
9. accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method according to claim 7, further includes, adopted in the output end of the injection magnet Stable isotope is measured with biasing Faraday cup.
10. accelerator mass spectrometry measurement method according to claim 8, further includes, in the output end of the analysis magnet Stable isotope is measured using biasing Faraday cup.
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CN113490324A (en) * 2021-06-24 2021-10-08 中国原子能科学研究院 Stripping gas input device of small tandem accelerator
CN113933374A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-01-14 中国原子能科学研究院 Detection device and method

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