CN1911567A - Cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle - Google Patents

Cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle Download PDF

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CN1911567A
CN1911567A CNA2006100481685A CN200610048168A CN1911567A CN 1911567 A CN1911567 A CN 1911567A CN A2006100481685 A CNA2006100481685 A CN A2006100481685A CN 200610048168 A CN200610048168 A CN 200610048168A CN 1911567 A CN1911567 A CN 1911567A
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iron powder
cutting
powder
nanometer
production technology
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CN100446900C (en
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王惠民
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

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Abstract

The present invention relates to preparation of nanometer metal powder, and is especially critical cutting nanometer metal powder producing process. The production process includes the steps of: setting iron powder at critical temperature of -10 deg.c to +10 deg.c, cutting iron powder particle at the speed of 4000-6000 times every minute, high frequency grinding at 4000-6000 rpm, physical reduction, surface treatment and final grading. By means of the technology of the present invention, may be produced nanometer level superfine iron powder with spherical form, homogeneous granularity, good flowability and high strength.

Description

Cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nano metal powder processing technology, be specially a kind of cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle.
Background technology
Nanometer technology is an emerging technology that occurs the nineties in 20th century, and the research yardstick is in the characteristic of the material of 0.1-100 nanometer and the science of rule.Nanoparticle is meant that particle size is the ultrafine dust of nanometer scale, and nanoparticle is generally between 1-100nm.When small particle size enters nanometer scale, itself have quantum size effect, small-size effect, skin effect and macro quanta tunnel effect, thereby show many distinctive character, have broad application prospects at aspects such as catalysis, light absorption, medicine, magnetizing mediums and new materials.When nano-particles size constantly reduces, can cause the variation on material macroscopic view physics, the chemical property under certain condition, make it have the character of special mechanics, calorifics, optics, magnetic and chemical aspect.Particularly nano grade iron powder is used widely in many fields such as machinery, electronics, metallurgy, bioengineering, nuclear industry, chemical industry, medicine, weaving, military affairs and Aero-Space.The process technology to nano-level iron powder material mainly contains in the world wide at present, processing methods such as electrolysis, water smoke method, rapid solidification method, laser method, plasma gas-phase reaction method, carbonyl iron thermal decomposition method, chemical liquid phase reducing process, all exist many difficulties that are not easy to overcome, as reunion, high temperature etc.; Cause shape of product bad (, irregular), problems such as particle is inhomogeneous, flowability is poor, insufficient strength as sheet.In the metal nano powder material; nanometer iron powder is what to be difficult to process with large-scale production most; just in protective atmosphere, transformed with respect to non-ferrous metal and to be got final product; particularly powder reuniting and grain shape are two big difficult points of iron powder processing; as Fig. 6, illustrated in Figure 7, these two difficult points directly determine the quality and the performance of nano-level iron powder.At home, the processing that surpasses 1 micron is blank, have several families to carry out different experimental exploring, but product all is irregular sheet-like particle basically, its uniformity, flowability, intensity, specific area all do not reach the requirement of the required nano material of world market yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the powder reuniting that occurs in the preparation nanometer metal powder material that exists in the prior art and the irregular problem of grain shape and a kind of cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle is provided.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme, a kind of cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle, with the iron powder is example, step comprises, iron powder is placed under the zero boundary processing temperature state of one 10 ℃～+ 10 ℃ (preferred-6 ℃), then ferrous powder granules is carried out high-speed cutting, per minute is controlled at 4000～6000 less preferred 6000 time/minute), high frequency to the ferrous powder granules 4000～6000 rev/mins (preferred 4000 rev/mins) after the cutting grinds then, carry out the physics reduction again, surface treatment can obtain product, last classification and sorting.
With the iron powder is to obtain product analysis such as following table after example is processed according to above-mentioned steps, and iron powder material is the raw material that directly cuts nanometer iron powder with the reduced iron powder of iron ore output as the production zero boundry particle.
Table 1
Country The U.S. Germany Japan Korea S The present invention
Production method Chemical method The chemicals logos The chemicals logos The electrodissolution method The physics method
Grain shape Plate shape The pine needle shape The triangular plate shape Irregular spherical Spherical
Product scope 3μm-42nm 2μm-51nm 3μm-45nm 152nm-32nm 80μm-21nm
Pollution level Seriously Moderate Moderate Pollution-free Pollution-free
Energy resource consumption Seriously Medium Medium Seriously Low energy consumption
1, nanometer iron powder parameter, the data contrast table 2 that utilizes the distinct methods of nanometer iron powder that method production of the present invention obtains and other countries to obtain
Parameter/country The U.S. The present invention Germany Japan Korea S
Total iron (Fe) 99.98 99.985 99.98 99.97 99.95
Phosphorus (P) 0.00015 0.000148 0.0002 0.00021 0.00023
Manganese (Mn) 0.41 0.23 0.43 0.47 0.39
Carbon (C) 0.00043 0.00038 0.00043 0.00039 0.000375
Silicon (Si) 0.21 0.15 0.22 0.24 0.2
Sulphur (S) 0.00033 0.00031 0.00034 0.00036 0.00032
Hydrogen loss 0.0005 0.00032 0.00041 0.00044 0.00035
Hydrochloric acid insoluble substance 0.00014 0.00013 0.00012 0.00015 0.00017
Mobile (50g/s) 32 46 31 33 31.6
Apparent density (g/cm 3) 0.51 0.50 0.53 0.512 0.531
Tap density (g/cm 3) 1.11 1.12 1.09 1.07 1.08
Specific area (m 2/g) 6.011 8.326 5.945 5.993 7.047
Anti oxidation time (h) 32 101 30 27.6 31
Oxygenation efficiency (%) 92 31 91 95 96.32
Granule strength (Mo Shi) 6.24 8.11 6.18 6.02 7.01
D50 particle diameter (nm) 100 100 100 100 100
Distribution of particles (nm) 42-143 20-114 51-157 45-161 32-152
2, by the contrast of various countries' nanometer iron powder electromicroscopic photograph, the product that technology of the present invention obtains has tangible chondritic, and dispersed fabulous.
3, concrete data analysis shows, flowability on average exceeds 14 grams than external product, has proved absolutely that the iron powder spheroid form of this product is more superior than other products; Apparent density is on average lacked 0.012 gram than external product, illustrates that its particle diameter will compare than little many of product, and tap density, that specific area shows that this product and contrast product are compared average particulate diameter is little; Anti oxidation time on average exceeded contrast product 69 hours, and oxygenation efficiency is compared and will be hanged down 61%; Granule strength shows that the product quality that the present invention produces is higher than contrast product; Distribution of particles shows that the product of gained of the present invention is concentrated relatively at a certain product section (D50).The nano grade iron powder that utilizes explained hereafter of the present invention to go out is compared with the HGNS nanometer iron powder of U.S. NOG company, price be its 1/8.
The present invention adopts under the state on zero boundary the physics method of iron powder cutting is produced nano grade iron powder, broken through at one stroke at present that processing in the world is little, two hang-ups of nanometer level superfine iron powder, solved the high temperature of iron powder in the processing process, reunion, equal critical problems such as even body well, made it realize new breakthrough at aspects such as intensity, flowabilities.In having solved processing under the prerequisite of agglomeration traits, making full use of iron powder does not play temperature, does not reunite under zero boundary's state, and utilize the high frequency cutting that ferrous powder granules is carried out high frequency, evenly cutting, and make it reach Nano grade, utilization then itself reaches spherical with the high frequency grinding of abrasive media.The air-flow of the rotation of utilization high speed again in container, utilizes own wt difference difference with the powder uniformly dispersing, reaches the purpose of particle classifying.The present invention has filled up a blank of China's metal nano material, has broken American-European technical monopoly for a long time.Applicating example: diamond tool, hard metal article are to serve as the bonding phase with the irony element, a kind of heterogeneous composite material of producing by powder metallurgy method.Advantages such as the iron powder that processes of the present invention is made has that sphere, purity height, good fluidity, density are big, easy-sintering moulding and hardness height, hold are big.The iron powder price that technology of the present invention is made is well below cobalt powder, by relevant physical quantity regulation and control, can one reaches the performance of cobalt-based adhesive.Compare with Co, Ni, Cu, this product has wettability preferably, formability, sinterability and the bigger merit of adhering to diamond, suitable mechanical property is arranged, as bending strength, hardness, to framework material W, Wc, TiC, Cr 3C 2Deng wettability is preferably arranged; The coefficient of expansion of iron is all lower than Co, Ni, Cu, and bulk effect is less in the heating cooling procedure, reduces the crackle occurence tendency; The intermiscibility of iron and C, B, Si is good, can eliminate as Fe 3C, Fe 3Si 3, Fe 3Si, Fe 2Si, FeSi, Fe 2B, Fe 3(CB) etc. compound has effectively reduced the inner boundary tension force between diamond and binding agent, has improved adamantine cohesive force; Iron can reduce the inner boundary tension force of diamond and 6-6-3 bronze, produces chemical bond, improves the 6-6-3 bronze to adamantine moistening, reduces the use amount of copper powder.
The nanometer level superfine iron powder of utilizing technology of the present invention to produce has especially significantly monomer particle, smooth surface formation spherical, and uniform particles, and mobile fabulous, intensity is high.It has great advantage in concrete the application, for example utilize the high speed bit of Germany, Muscovite meticulous iron powder manufacturing, per minute 1400 changes, temperature of diamond bit is 1150 ℃, and use the drill bit of the meticulous iron powder manufacturing of this explained hereafter, when the per minute rotating speed was 4000 commentaries on classics, temperature of diamond bit had only 850 ℃.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 makes the nanometer iron powder electromicroscopic photograph for the present invention
Fig. 2 is 1,000,000 times of irregular sheet polygons of Electronic Speculum of the U.S. " HGNS " 80 nano-sheet iron powders photo
Fig. 3 is 1,000,000 times of Electronic Speculum sheets of Japanese 150 nanometer iron powders triangle photo
Fig. 4 is 1,000,000 times of Electronic Speculum dendroids of German 100 nanometers photo
Fig. 5 is the irregular spheroid photos of 1,000,000 times of Electronic Speculum of Korea S's 150 nanometer iron powders
The agglomeration that Fig. 6 produces in production and processing for nanometer iron powder
The serious agglomeration that Fig. 7 produces in production and processing for nanometer iron powder
Fig. 8 is that technology of the present invention is produced 1 micron iron powder 1,000,000 electromicroscopic photograph
(500000 order) 50 nanometer iron powder electromicroscopic photographs that Fig. 9 produces for the present invention
6 microns electromicroscopic photographs that Figure 10 produces for the present invention
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, a kind of cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle, with the iron powder is example, step comprises, iron powder placed under 5 ℃ the state of zero boundary processing temperature, then ferrous powder granules carried out high-speed cutting, per minute is controlled at 4000 times, then the ferrous powder granules high frequency after the cutting is ground 4000 rev/mins, carry out the high speed reduction again, surface treatment.Can obtain product.Last classification and sorting.If the iron powder index is not up to standard, then can carry out secondary cut and grinding.
Concrete steps are: 1, iron ore exploitation; 2, mechanical crushing; 3, washing; 4, magnetic separation; 5, drying; 6, grind 100 orders; 7, high temperature purification; 8, once reduction; 9, cyclone classified; The cutting of 10 zero boundry particles; 11 secondary classifications; 12 high frequencies grind; 13 purify; 14 coat; 15 reduction at a high speed; 16 surface treatments; 17 parabolic classifications; 18 negative pressure classifications; 19 Fluid Volumes are deposited; 20 vacuum are prevented oxygen; 21 packings; 22 warehouse-ins.Wherein 1-8 is that raw material obtains technology; 9-22 is for realizing whole technologies of the present invention.The main equipment that uses has in technology, the high frequency cutting machine, and purification furnace coats stove, nitrogen gas generator, whirlwind clarifier, polishing machine, powder surface processor etc.
Reduced iron powder of prepared using is as the raw material of zero boundry particle cutting nanometer iron powder, at first carry out scalping through the cyclone type grader, required iron powder is input in the high frequency cutting machine, under the frequency of per minute 6000 times, cut, be input to again in zero boundary's grinder, utilize iron powder under zero boundary's state and with some mixture that cutter grinds, it to be carried out the nanoscale cutting, grind simultaneously, make it reach spheroid form, then carry out secondary reduction (reducing process is a technology as well known to those skilled in the art), make its various physical and chemical indexs reach the requirement of nanometer iron powder, simultaneously iron compound is proposed, strengthen the purity of iron powder, be that ferrous powder granules is carried out anti-oxidation coating again, make it reach anti-oxidization time greater than more than 60 hours, its oxygenation efficiency is lower than 5%, thereby reach the world level of anti-oxidation index, the anti-oxidation block that is coated with the loose shape of back formation, then its high speed of carrying out under the sealing state is pulverized, be input in zero boundary cutting of B level and the grinding technics after making its particle directly reach micron level, make the iron powder particle diameter that reaches international standards fully, then it is written in the secondary cyclone grader unit, carry out different model, the classification in variable grain footpath is handled, and can obtain the product of 30 above different-grain diameters simultaneously.Key is the high frequency cutting of zero boundary, grinds on the technology, and the iron powder and the shape that can reach Nano grade like this are fabulous, secondly is that hydrogen-oxygen coats, and can make the iron powder anti-oxidization time add leap ahead through cladding process.Temperature control cooling device in the technology is to utilize the forced circulation of water to carry out the cooling effect of each link in the technology, so can cut down the consumption of energy, the cooling that particularly anti-oxygen coats cap rock is very important, if chilling temperature is controlled inaccurate words, the enforcement of anti-oxidization time on subsequent technique of nanometer iron powder will be had a strong impact on.
Embodiment 2: step and equipment use with embodiment 1, and zero boundary's processing temperature is controlled at-6 ℃, and cutting frequency is controlled at 6000 times/minute, and high frequency grinds 4000 rev/mins.
Embodiment 3: step and equipment use with embodiment 1, and zero boundary's processing temperature is controlled at-10 ℃, and cutting frequency is controlled at 5000 times/minute, and high frequency grinds 5000 rev/mins.
Embodiment 4: step and equipment use with embodiment 1, and zero boundary's processing temperature is controlled at 10 ℃, and cutting frequency is controlled at 4000 times/minute, and high frequency grinds 6000 rev/mins.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle, it is characterized in that: step comprises, iron powder is placed under-10 ℃～+ 10 ℃ the zero boundary processing temperature state, then ferrous powder granules is carried out high-speed cutting, per minute is controlled at 4000～6000 times, and the high frequency to 4000～6000 rev/mins of the ferrous powder granules after the cutting grinds then, carry out the physics reduction again, surface treatment can obtain product, last classification and sorting.
2, cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: zero boundary's processing temperature is-6 ℃～0 ℃, high-speed cutting, and per minute is controlled at 6000 times, and the high frequency grinding control is at 4000 rev/mins.
CNB2006100481685A 2006-08-17 2006-08-17 Cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle Expired - Fee Related CN100446900C (en)

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PCT/CN2006/002913 WO2008022495A1 (en) 2006-08-17 2006-10-30 Method for preparing nanometer metal powder

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009055980A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Huimin Wang Metal namometer iron powder for magnetorheolodical technology
WO2009055981A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Huimin Wang A nanometer iron powder specially used in conversion of electromagnetism energy
CN101758227B (en) * 2008-09-30 2011-10-26 王惠民 Nanometer iron powder special for shielding electromagnetic wave and radar wave in glass cockpit of airplane
CN101758229B (en) * 2008-09-30 2012-01-11 王惠民 Special nano iron powder for damaging satellite through spraying
CN101758228B (en) * 2008-12-15 2012-04-18 王惠民 Metal nano powder particle material alloy technology
CN101758223B (en) * 2008-12-15 2012-05-23 王惠民 Metal nano powder surface tension and particle agglomeration processing technology

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CN113560586B (en) * 2021-07-27 2023-07-04 上海爱仑倍思环境科技有限公司 Preparation device of irregular flaky zero-valent iron-based nano material

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CN1079307C (en) * 1998-07-29 2002-02-20 昆明贵金属研究所 Disintegrating and grading machine for producing flaky metal powder
CN1153639C (en) * 2001-12-28 2004-06-16 华南理工大学 Prepn of nanometer granular iron powder
JP2004091859A (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-25 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp Method for manufacturing fine metal particle
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CN1555949A (en) * 2004-01-08 2004-12-22 北京科技大学 Method of preparing nano powderusing liquid nitrogen low temperature ball mill
CN1260335C (en) * 2004-02-20 2006-06-21 河北科技大学 Recovery method of nanometer iron powder from cold rolling emulsion liquid
CN100453219C (en) * 2004-09-22 2009-01-21 中国科学技术大学 Nano-iron powder prepn. method

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009055980A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Huimin Wang Metal namometer iron powder for magnetorheolodical technology
WO2009055981A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Huimin Wang A nanometer iron powder specially used in conversion of electromagnetism energy
CN101758227B (en) * 2008-09-30 2011-10-26 王惠民 Nanometer iron powder special for shielding electromagnetic wave and radar wave in glass cockpit of airplane
CN101758229B (en) * 2008-09-30 2012-01-11 王惠民 Special nano iron powder for damaging satellite through spraying
CN101758228B (en) * 2008-12-15 2012-04-18 王惠民 Metal nano powder particle material alloy technology
CN101758223B (en) * 2008-12-15 2012-05-23 王惠民 Metal nano powder surface tension and particle agglomeration processing technology

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