CN101758228B - Metal nano powder particle material alloy technology - Google Patents
Metal nano powder particle material alloy technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101758228B CN101758228B CN2009101797034A CN200910179703A CN101758228B CN 101758228 B CN101758228 B CN 101758228B CN 2009101797034 A CN2009101797034 A CN 2009101797034A CN 200910179703 A CN200910179703 A CN 200910179703A CN 101758228 B CN101758228 B CN 101758228B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the metal nano powder particle processing technology, in particular to a metal nano powder particle material alloy technology; the technology solves the manufacturing problem of the novel nano alloy material; in the metal nano powder particle material alloy technology, under the condition that the high-frequency cutting times are set as 5500-6000 times per minute, nanometer aluminite powder or nanometer magnesium powder with spherical powder particle shape is produced at -5-0 DEG C, and under the condition that the high-frequency cutting times are set as 5000-5500 times per minute, the nano titanium and nano iron powder with spherical powder particle shape are produced; the nanometer aluminite powder or the nanometer magnesium powder is used as master batch, the nano titanium and nano iron powder are used as grains, so as to synthesize the integral nano metal synthesis particles at high speed and radically solve the problems of the synthesis and integration difficulty of metals with different melting point at home and abroad at present.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal nanoparticle process technology, be specially a kind of metal nano powder granular material alloying preparation method.
Background technology
At present along with the developing rapidly of new material, new science and technology, the synthetic multifunctional material of metal is urgent day by day, and particularly multiple different melting points, varying strength, different kinds of metals is synthetic and a nonmetal synthetic difficult problem that just becomes new material development.The subject matter of the world and domestic metal, the existence of nonmetal synthetic technology is at present: the present world and domestic popular metal, nonmetal synthetic technology; Generally be that fusing point is close, the essentially identical metal of intensity or nonmetal melts synthetic; Like copper and aluminium; Copper and tin etc., but this synthetic metal has satisfied not the high strength, light weight of the needs, particularly science and techniques of defence of present new material, new science and technology development, the needs of high temperature resistant, rub resistance far away.Like the advanced subject of military developments, high-altitude UCAV, deep sea submarine, space weapon, outer space aircraft etc. are exactly to be badly in need of the Multifunction synthetic material to satisfy following national defense construction.The present ammunition of conventional weapon and for example, general in the world country makes with copper, and China is because the shortage of copper resource changes into iron is made, and has so just increased the ammunition weight of weapon greatly and has increased the fault rate of weapon.Advocate the weapon lightness at present, the individual soldier bears a heavy burden few, and the individual soldier takes under the many prerequisites of bullet, just the necessity of the synthetic multifunctional material of apparent more outstanding metal.
Number of patent application is 2006100481685 to have put down in writing a kind of cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle, and a kind of brand-new zero boundry particle cutting metal nano-powder material technology has been put down in writing in this patent application, is example with the iron powder; Step comprises; Iron powder is placed under-10 ℃～+ 15 ℃ the processing temperature state, then ferrous powder granules is carried out high-speed cutting, per minute is controlled at 5000～6000 times; Then the ferrous powder granules after the cutting 6000 rev/mins high frequency is ground; Carry out the physics reduction again, the surface coats handles, and last classification and sorting can obtain product.This technology can process the iron powder of different Nano grades; The iron powder that utilizes this method to produce the particular particles diameter has the technological in the past excellent specific property that can't produce; And discovering through the inventor; Raising or reduction processing " cutting " frequency are also correspondingly adjusted nanometer iron powder or other metal powder of each different stage that also can produce after " processing temperature " in this technology; And characteristic has tangible difference, through being widely used in different industries or field after classification and sorting and the proportioning.The technical scheme that this patent application is put down in writing is the applicant has proposed " cutting " this processing first in nano metal powder materials processing technology field a notion; Utilize the relative high speed reciprocating collision between the abrasive media can the feed metal powder be machined to Nano grade with friction; And the reciprocating number of times of the high speed of this abrasive media in the unit interval can be called " frequency ", and its crushing process to raw material can be described as " cutting "; And proposed concrete machined parameters, and just can process this technical scheme of high-quality nanometer iron powder with the corresponding processing temperature of control through having facts have proved through setting corresponding " cutting " frequency.
Number of patent application is 2006101620469 to disclose little, the nano particle cladding process of a kind of metal; The technical scheme of this application can form the high-quality protection against oxidation layer that a layer thickness is 1nm-3nm on the surface of metal powder material, below is called " DQ coats method ".Think the cladding process of more traditional nano metal powder, this technical scheme clad ratio is higher, and anti oxidation time is longer.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for the problem of the making that solves novel nano alloy material and a kind of metal nano powder granular material alloying technique is provided.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme; A kind of metal nano powder granular material alloying technique; At-5 ℃---under 0 ℃ the situation; High frequency cutting number of times is set in per minute 5500 times---and producing under 6000 times the situation, processing the powder grain shape is the nanometer aluminium powder or the nanometer Mg powder of spheroid, sub-elects the concentrated powder body material of distribution of particles of (80nm is an example) D3=31nm D25=61.1nm D50=80nm D75=86.13nmD97=100.6nm more respectively.
---under-5 ℃ the situation, high frequency cuts number of times and is set in per minute 5000 times---production under 5500 times the situation, processing powder grain shape are the nano titanium powder and the nanometer iron powder of spheroid at-10 ℃.Sub-elect the concentrated powder body material of distribution of particles of (50nm is an example) D3=21nm D25=31.1nm D50=50nm D75=76.13nmD97=100.6nm more respectively; Then; Again ferrous powder granules being continued thickness is: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm reaches more than 90 hours its anti-oxidization time.
With D50=80nm (median) nanometer aluminium powder or nanometer Mg powder is master batch; Nano titanium powder and nanometer iron powder with D50=50nm (median) are seed; Carry out high speed with 6000 rev/mins of per minutes respectively and synthesize, form at last and mix the synthetic particle of nano metal that embedding is an one.The synthetic particle of metal carries out desirable moulding through novel process such as different sprayings, injection, plastic-blasting, die casting, spray embeddings to be made, thereby reaches the high strength, light weight of new science and technology, new material, the needs of high temperature resistant, rub resistance.
Technical advantage of the present invention
1, technical advantage one of the present invention is: it is synthetic that any different melting points, varying strength, different kinds of metals can be carried out physics.
2, technical advantage two of the present invention is: fundamentally solved at present the problem of the synthetic difficult problem of the metal of different melting points, intensity and melting property of metal parent both at home and abroad.
3, technical advantage three of the present invention is: fundamentally having solved at present both at home and abroad, metal melts synthetic energy consumption height, heavy-polluted problem.
4, technical advantage four of the present invention is: solved at present the synthetic single problem of metal both at home and abroad.
5, technical advantage five of the present invention is: a difficult problem that has solved at present the novel synthetic material of the synthetic high strength that is difficult to accomplish of metal both at home and abroad, light weight, high temperature resistant, rub resistance.
6, technical advantage six of the present invention is: greatly reduce the cost of novel synthetic metal material, this synthetic material technology is 20% of a present U.S. synthetic material integrated cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cutting machine
Fig. 2 is the grinding machine structure sketch map
Fig. 3,4,5 is for processing the electromicroscopic photograph of the metallic particles that obtains
The alloying pellet sketch map that Fig. 6 processes for the present invention
1-inert gas entrance among the figure; The 2-charging aperture; The 3-cooling water inlet; The 4-body; The 5-cutter; The 6-connecting rod; The 7-support; The 8-discharging opening; 9-frequency modulation vibrating motor; The 10-foundation of incision machine; 11-vibrates air bag; The 12-cooling water inlet; The 13-connecting rod; The 14-cutter; The 15-vibrating spring; 16-vulcanie pad; The 17-discharging opening; The 18-hollow rotating shaft; 19-grinds body; 20-is by abrasive grains; 21 charging gas ports; The 22-variable-frequency motor; The 23-support; The 24-frame; 25-spherical grinding body 26-nano titanium powder particle; 27-nanometer aluminium powder or magnesium powder particles; 28-nanometer iron powder particle
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1; A kind of metal nano powder granular material alloying technique; Under-5 ℃ situation; High frequency cutting number of times is set under the situation of per minute 6000 times and produces, processing powder grain shape is the nanometer aluminium powder or the nanometer Mg powder of spheroid, sub-elects the powder body material that the distribution of particles of (80nm is an example) D3=31nm D25=61.1nmD50=80nm D75=86.13nm D97=100.6nm is concentrated again respectively.
Under-10 ℃ situation, high frequency cutting number of times is set under the situation of per minute 5500 times and produces, processing powder grain shape is the nano titanium powder and the nanometer iron powder of spheroid.Sub-elect the concentrated powder body material of distribution of particles of (50nm is an example) D3=21nm D25=31.1nm D50=50nm D75=76.13nm D97=100.6nm more respectively; Then; Again ferrous powder granules being continued thickness is: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm reaches more than 90 hours its anti-oxidization time.
The cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle that the concrete operations of above cutting are mentioned in can the reference background technology, just parameter is made corresponding adjustment and is got final product.But little, the nano particle cladding process of anti-oxidation coating operation reference background technology metal.
With D50=80nm (median) nanometer aluminium powder or nanometer Mg powder is master batch; Nano titanium powder and nanometer iron powder with D50=50nm (median) are seed; The synthesizer of putting into 6000 rev/mins of per minutes respectively carries out high speed and synthesizes, and forms at last to mix the synthetic particle of nano metal that embedding is an one.
Used cutting machine meaning as shown in Figure 1; Cutting machine structure comprises the body that has cooling system; Body is provided with charging aperture 2, inert gas entrance 1, is provided with some cutter groups in the lower end of charging aperture 2 in body 4, and each cutter group comprises two cutters 5,14 that working face is relative; The working face of cutter 5,14 is zigzag or file shape, and two cutters 5,14 are exported the rotating parts combination through separately connecting rod 6,13 and frequency modulation vibrating motor 9 respectively.Cutting machine is designed to the dual-vibration system, and outer VIBRATION DESIGN is the gasbag-type vibrating device, and the internal vibration system is designed to the spring vibration device.The frequency modulation vibrating motor; Adopt the mode of frequency modulation to carry out the control of vibration frequency; Pass through adjusting rotating speed of motor 1500/minute---6000 biographies/minute, vibration frequency is controlled at 1500 times/minute---6000 times/minute, reaching the unlimited cutting of designing requirement---" zero boundry particle patterning method ".Cutting machine is when work, and indoor design adds inert gas and keeps the constant of processing temperature, in interlayer, adds the temperature processing that cooling water is set simultaneously.Its operation principle is to do relative motion through two cutters that frequency modulation motor drives each cutter group; Make the working face relative motion of two cutters; Move each other in its surperficial zigzag or file shape protruding part then; Major diameter feed metal particle about 80 orders-100 order of charging aperture adding is constantly rubbed, collides, pushes, and the effect that reaches at last is to make oarse-grained metallic particles be divided into the small diameter particles object.The surface of cutter is just as the structure on file surface, and its gap is adjustable, so that adapt to the size of raw material particle.After cutting machine work begins; Metallic particles powder irregular particle has been carried out in the motion process cutting for N time between two cutters from top to bottom; Certainly the frequency modulation motor rotating speed is high more; The probability that metallic particles is cut in unit interval is also big more, and the distribution probability of the metallic particles of the small diameter particles that it processes is also big more, and sorting is got up also easier.Generally to just can reach the nano metal powder particle more than 80% through six circulation cuttings.
Anti-oxidation coating process; Metal powder material is in temperature (100 ℃-310 ℃) and have and will add 10% when producing, processing under the environment of protective gas (N)---the purity oxygen of 15% (volume ratio); Forming thickness on the metal powder particles surface is 1nm---the oxide layer of 2nm, in the high temp tunnel stove, temperature is adjusted between 350 ℃-510 ℃ then; The metal powder particles material is under this temperature conditions; The surface oxide layer structure begins to soften, under the situation of sealing, in the inert gas N and the He of 4: 6 ratio injection dew point≤6; Injection length was controlled at 30 minutes---and 45 minutes, let inert gas fully be penetrated in the oxide layer on metal powder material surface.
The grinder of meaning as shown in Figure 2 comprises frame 24, and variable-frequency motor 22 is provided with hollow grinding body 19 through hollow rotating shaft 18 on the frame 24, and grinding body 19 is provided with charging and advances inertia gas port 21, and discharging opening 17 grinds in the body 19 and is provided with some mill balls 25.Operation principle like octahedral grinder among the figure is; Utilize adjustable frequency motor to control the rotating speed of grinder (1000 rev/mins---6000 rev/mins); Utilize the angle of anistree body; Reach 270 of metal species spherical particles and spend the counter-rotating that does not stop, thereby reach through the powder granule smooth surface spherical particles after grinding.Because from the metallic particles that cutting machine processes, generally be irregular globoid, through the grinding of the inner spherical grinding body of anistree grinder, irregular globoid will become ganoid spherical particles.In the nanometer aluminium powder or nanometer Mg powder and nano titanium powder and nanometer iron powder and inert gas adding grinding body with well cutting in the time of work; Start driven by motor then and grind the body upset, the mutual collision between the mill ball can be ground chimeric one-tenth glomeration particulate simultaneously with two kinds of metal particles.
Show that the diameter range of metallic particles nanometer from tens of to hundreds of does not wait in the photo of being illustrated like Fig. 3,4,5, this just needs to adopt the pneumatic separation technical point select the product that distribution of particles is concentrated relatively.The stressed surface area and the metal particle that utilize metal particle are in the parabolic curve and deadweight falling speed, the time of ferrous powder granules in container that receive under the slinging force situation.Utilize artificial wind-force in closed container, the different ferrous powder granules of diameter to be carried out effective classification with speed.Concrete sorting process is: at first start vacuum motor and in the container of classifying equipoment, form negative pressure state, then open the clasfficiator motor respectively and in closed container, form the axial flow whirlwind.Negative pressure will need the iron powder of classification to limit the quantity of to suck first closed container; In the axial flow whirlwind, sub-elect the maximum metallic particles of particle diameter; The residual metallic particle gets into second closed container; Classification goes out required ferrous powder granules in greater than the first axial flow whirlwind, and order two, three, level Four are carried out classification step by step, can obtain interval (100 μ m---the metal particle product of 10nm) concentrating relatively of various distribution of particles so simultaneously.In conjunction with technical scheme of the present invention; Quantity through adjusting distinguished and admirable size and fractionated container just can obtain corresponding product; Certainly also tentatively sorting earlier constantly in the practical operation; Instrument detecting product specification then, the feedback adjustment mechanical parameter makes processing equipment can stably sub-elect product then.One of purpose of sorting is come out satisfactory product selecting exactly; Little can directly get into next program than requiring; Cut again than requiring big product will return one procedure; It two is products of selecting requirement, and the product that does not reach requirement will turn back to a last operation through screening installation, once more cutting.
Under-5 ℃ situation, high frequency cutting number of times is set under the situation of per minute 5000 times and produces, processing powder grain shape is the nano titanium powder and the nanometer iron powder of spheroid.Sub-elect the concentrated powder body material of distribution of particles of (50nm is an example) D3=21nm D25=31.1nm D50=50nm D75=76.13nm D97=100.6nm more respectively; Then; Again ferrous powder granules being continued thickness is: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm reaches more than 90 hours its anti-oxidization time.
With D50=80nm (median) nanometer aluminium powder or nanometer Mg powder is master batch; Nano titanium powder and nanometer iron powder with D50=50nm (median) are seed; The synthesizer of putting into 6000 rev/mins of per minutes respectively carries out high speed and synthesizes, and forms at last to mix the synthetic particle of nano metal that embedding is an one.
Embodiment 3; A kind of metal nano powder granular material alloying technique; Under-3 ℃ situation; High frequency cutting number of times is set under the situation of per minute 5750 times and produces, processing powder grain shape is the nanometer aluminium powder or the nanometer Mg powder of spheroid, sub-elects the powder body material that the distribution of particles of (80nm is an example) D3=31nm D25=61.1nmD50=80nm D75=86.13nm D97=100.6nm is concentrated again respectively.
Under-7 ℃ situation, high frequency cutting number of times is set under the situation of per minute 5250 times and produces, processing powder grain shape is the nano titanium powder and the nanometer iron powder of spheroid.Sub-elect the concentrated powder body material of distribution of particles of (50nm is an example) D3=21nm D25=31.1nm D50=50nm D75=76.13nm D97=100.6nm more respectively; Then; Again ferrous powder granules being continued thickness is: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm reaches more than 90 hours its anti-oxidization time.
With D50=80nm (median) nanometer aluminium powder or nanometer Mg powder is master batch; Nano titanium powder and nanometer iron powder with D50=50nm (median) are seed; The synthesizer of putting into 6000 rev/mins of per minutes respectively carries out high speed and synthesizes, and forms at last to mix the synthetic particle of nano metal that embedding is an one.
Claims (1)
1. metal nano powder granular material alloying preparation method; It is characterized in that; At-5 ℃---under 0 ℃ the situation; High frequency cutting number of times is set in per minute 5500 times---and producing under 6000 times the situation, processing the powder grain shape is the nanometer aluminium powder or the nanometer Mg powder of spheroid, sub-elects the concentrated powder body material of distribution of particles of D3=31nmD25=61.1nm D50=80nm D75=86.13nm D97=100.6nm more respectively
At-10 ℃---under-5 ℃ the situation; High frequency cutting number of times is set in per minute 5000 times---and producing under 5500 times the situation, processing the powder grain shape is the nano titanium powder and the nanometer iron powder of spheroid; Sub-elect the concentrated powder body material of distribution of particles of D3=21nm D25=31.1nm D50=50nm D75=76.13nm D97=100.6nm more respectively; Then, again ferrous powder granules being continued thickness is: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm reaches more than 90 hours its anti-oxidization time; With D50=80nm nanometer aluminium powder or nanometer Mg powder is master batch; Nano titanium powder and nanometer iron powder with D50=50nm are seed, carry out high speed with 6000 rev/mins of per minutes and synthesize, and form at last to mix the synthetic particle of nano metal that embedding is an one;
During anti-oxidation coating, metal powder material temperature be 100 ℃-310 ℃ with protective gas N is arranged
2Environment under to produce, will add when processing volume ratio be 10%---15% purity oxygen; Forming thickness on the metal powder particles surface is 1nm---the oxide layer of 2nm, in the high temp tunnel stove, temperature is adjusted between 350 ℃-510 ℃ then; The metal powder particles material is under this temperature conditions; The surface oxide layer structure begins to soften, under the situation of sealing, in the inert gas N of 4: 6 ratio injection dew point≤6
2And He, injection length was controlled at 30 minutes---and 45 minutes, let inert gas fully be penetrated in the oxide layer on metal powder material surface;
When synthetic at a high speed; With D50=80nm nanometer aluminium powder or nanometer Mg powder is master batch; Nano titanium powder and nanometer iron powder with D50=50nm are seed, and the synthesizer of putting into 6000 rev/mins of per minutes respectively carries out high speed and synthesizes, and form at last to mix the synthetic particle of nano metal that embedding is an one.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101797034A CN101758228B (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2009-09-28 | Metal nano powder particle material alloy technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2008100801926A CN101491833A (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2008-12-15 | Metal nano powder granular material alloying technique |
| CN200810080192.6 | 2008-12-15 | ||
| CN2009101797034A CN101758228B (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2009-09-28 | Metal nano powder particle material alloy technology |
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| CN101758228B true CN101758228B (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1911567A (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2007-02-14 | 王惠民 | Cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle |
| CN1962131A (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2007-05-16 | 王惠民 | Super lubricant of nano grade iron powder |
| CN101157138A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2008-04-09 | 王惠民 | Electronic equipment short circuit special-purpose nanometer conductance powdered iron |
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- 2009-09-28 CN CN2009101797034A patent/CN101758228B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1911567A (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2007-02-14 | 王惠民 | Cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle |
| CN1962131A (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2007-05-16 | 王惠民 | Super lubricant of nano grade iron powder |
| CN101157138A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2008-04-09 | 王惠民 | Electronic equipment short circuit special-purpose nanometer conductance powdered iron |
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| CN101758228A (en) | 2010-06-30 |
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