CN1903120A - Apparatus for measuring fat in human body - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for measuring the fat ratio of human body is composed of an internal impedance measuring unit consisting of 4 current applying electrodes, 4 voltage measuring electrodes, constant-current source and voltage measuring circuit, a body height measuring unit, a body weight measuring unit, a microprocessor for calculating the fat ratio, a memory and a display.

Description

Apparatus for measuring fat in human body

(1) technical field

The invention belongs to the application aspect health control of biomedical electrical impedance technology, electronic technology, information technology, statistical technique and information management technique, mainly be applicable to health check-up and Gernral Check-up in occasions such as hospital, sanatorium, family, especially a kind of apparatus for measuring fat in human body.

(2) background technology

Observe association and discover in the world, and in 6,000,000,000 populations of the whole world, number that get fat has increased to 1,100,000,000 because eat too many, almost is equivalent to because of the thin excessively number of malnutrition; Estimation according to FDA, there are 50,000,000 people of surpassing the whole America at loss of weight, account for 40% of total population, owing in the middle of the people of successful loss of weight, have only 5% people can in 5 years, keep the loss of weight achievement, shuttle back and forth in each big weight-reducing center so tens million of people continues to linger on, attempting tens million of kinds loss of weight plan, fat-reducing recipe, hypocalorie foodstuff and slimming medicine incessantly, like this scene, it is long lasting to bring up fat-reducing industry, becomes one of money making business.The increase of world's population of being obese ratio has become global trend at present; China is through after developing the decades of reforming and opening up to the outside world, people's living standard improves constantly, and the recipe on the dining table also becomes increasingly abundant, and adds that Chinese love the characteristic of eating, thereby the speed that the crowd, the particularly fat number in population of adolescent that have produced a large amount of obesity increase is more surprising.Along with advancing of epoch wheel, having no normalcy becomes history, and simultaneously, obesity also no longer is portly, the fat arch-criminal who has become multiple chronic disease.Fat vexed, talk fertile complexion changed, the obesity of today is the symbol of being not good at health control, lacking automatic control and shortage captivation.

Hundred nutritionists were shown about the survey result of " compatriots' ten big nutrition problems " in 2002: first problem is fat (87%), the 2-5 position is also relevant closely with obesity, comprises nutrition and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (82%), diabetes (75%), hyperlipemia (71%) and heat surplus (70%).Current, China more than 20 years old the overweight rate of crowd reached 18%, obesity rates 2.5%.Chinese obesity patient 7,000 ten thousand at the bottom of calendar year 2001, Science and Technology Daily the 9th edition report on June 22nd, 2005 drawn in the source, and sixty percent married male is overweight in Beijing, and the overweight people of China is considerably beyond 9,000 ten thousand at present, and overweight person is up to 200,000,000.The expert estimates that China will have 200,000,000 people that obesity takes place in 10 years from now on, a fat serious public health problem that has become China facing, and fat-reducing has almost become "sport for all"; Obesity is not that to depend on that body weight has multiple, but judge with the number of intravital fat mass." excessive body fat " is maximum problem! Body fat may cause diseases such as the joint is hindered, heart disease, gout, hypertension, infertility, cholelithiasis, diabetes unusually.Body fat rate is healthy New Set, even body weight is normal, also should regularly detect body fat rate.Therefore at ordinary times the human body body fat rate is made the some that the health monitoring management will become daily life.

Among the peoplely say fat custom by range estimation, the range estimation obesity is quite coarse, and reference frame comes and go, or with fat from saying as standard, or compares obesity with Li Si with Zhang San, this obesity expression be suitable misty idea.The method of scale body weight is more much better than range estimation, but different people height bodily form difference compares or has many problems with body weight, because fat and body weight is not the one thing.The medical definition of " obesity " is a fat stores surplus in increase of body fat mass in human body cell and the adipose cell.It is fat whether science judgment belongs to, and know body fat content.Can measure body fat content such as the CT scan method, discover that further the sickness rate height of complication such as body fat content and myocardial infarction is closely related.CT scan needs the special installation device, and cost is higher.A kind of method is simply accurately arranged, and is that constitutional index BMI calculates obese degree by the height and weight ratio.BMI is the abbreviation of Body Mass Index, and computing formula is square (kg/m2) of body weight divided by height.The result that statistical confirmation, the data that calculate by BMI draw when detecting with the ratio of heart disease sickness rate and CT scan method is basic identical.Under the recommendation of WHO, discarded more and more other computational methods of people subtract certain number as height and equal standard body weight, and the BMI that science is stronger are as the primitive decision index of obese degree.But check how the BMI value says still reference value.Can't quantitative analysis someone intravital fat what and the fat at which position what.Interior fat type obesity (abdominal obesity) is relevant with inherited genetic factors, is one of characteristics of Chinese's obesity.Body Mass Index surpasses 25 ratio and is significantly less than the America and Europe in China's population, but the ratio occidentals of abdominal obesity is also high.Body weight is not normally represented does not in fact have problem of obesity.BMI is normal, and body fat percentage or " waist-to-hipratio " can be higher.Body fat percentage is higher, and representing has hiding property oils and fats not to be noted in the body; Interior fat type overweight people is concurrent diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension simultaneously, is called as the America and Europe " dead quartet ", and the sickness rate of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and danger all will reach high degree.So what and distribution of the fat in the tissue is closely bound up with health, and fat what and the distribution of measuring in the tissue with a kind of simple method are important topics.

As the method for the intravital fat mass of correct measurement, be to calculate body density from the measured value of the body weight water, doctor's type scale is mensuration in the water of supposition fat mass.Doctor's type scale is mensuration in this water, owing to need large-scale equipment, the air capacity that the people stays in the lung by breathing when measuring can be brought bigger influence to certainty of measurement simultaneously, and it is long to measure spended time, require testing staff's good fit to skilled and the measured of this measuring technique again, therefore aspect practical, be very restricted.

In order to eliminate the mensuration shortcoming of doctor's type scale in this water, the impedance between the body extremity portion of measurement the measured is extrapolated body density according to this resistance value, height and body weight then.Adopt at present be by and the contacted galvanic electrode of skin apply a constant current to both hands or between bipod, measure then by with the contacted voltage electrode of skin on the voltage that produced, obtain resistance value, be converted into the intravital fat mass of human body by this resistance value by body interior.This measuring principle mainly is according to the poorly conductive of the fatty tissue electric conductivity in the human body than non-fat tissue, if the intravital fat mass height of human body, the resistance value of its body interior is just high so.This method is called as biomedical impedance bioelectrical measurement technology.

Implementation method is: calculate body density (DB) then by body weight (W), height (Ht) and the body internal impedance (Z) that measures the people, its computing formula is by shown in the formula (1):

DB＝A-k*W*Z/Ht ² (1)

In the formula: DB is a body density, and A is a constant, and k is a proportionality coefficient, and W is a body weight, and Z is the body internal impedance, Ht ²Be height square.

After having obtained body density, can try to achieve fat mass by following formula with that,

Fat mass (%)=(4.57/ body density-4.142) * 100 (2)

The fat determination system of Xiao Shouing in the market, as shown in Figure 8, this measuring instrument mainly be by and the contacted galvanic electrode of skin apply a constant current to both hands or between bipod, measure then by with skin contacted measure the voltage that is produced on the relevant voltage electrode, obtain method by the resistance value of body interior, the defective of this method be the electric current that the applies vertical metastomium by human body, that is to say not by the internal organs position, measure the fat mass that fat determination system between two handss can only reflect human body top, and the fat determination system between the measurement bipod can only reflect the fat mass of human body Teng portion, therefore be difficult to hold the resistance value of whole body interior in the human body or the resistance value at certain position, be difficult to realize to the measurement of internal organs fat percentage especially and can't estimate the distribution situation of body fat.

(3) summary of the invention

For overcome existing fat determination system not energy measurement interior fat rate, can not measure the deficiency of body fat distribution situation, the invention provides a kind of apparatus for measuring fat in human body that can measure the interior fat rate, measure the body fat distribution situation.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

A kind of apparatus for measuring fat in human body, comprise the anti-measuring mechanism of body internal resistance, height measuring mechanism, measured body weight mechanism, microprocessor, memorizer and display device, the measurement outfan of the anti-measuring mechanism of described body internal resistance, height measuring mechanism, measured body weight mechanism connects microprocessor, described microprocessor comprises: information reading module is used to receive the output signal of biomedical impedance bioelectrical measurement mechanism, height measuring mechanism, measured body weight mechanism; The height computing module after being used to receive the signal of height measuring mechanism, calculates tester's height; The body weight computing module after being used to receive the signal of measured body weight mechanism, calculates tester's body weight; Fat mass calculates module, and body weight W, the height Ht and the body internal impedance Z that are used for according to the tester calculate body density DB, and its computing formula is by shown in the formula (1):

DB＝A-k*W*Z/Ht ² (1)

In the formula: DB is a body density, and A is a constant, and k is a proportionality coefficient, and W is a body weight, and Z is the body internal impedance, Ht ²Be height square;

The computing formula of fat mass is by shown in the formula (2):

Fat mass (%)=(4.57/DB-4.142) * 100 (2);

The anti-measuring mechanism of described body internal resistance comprises left hand contact electrode, right hand contact electrode, left foot contact electrode, right crus of diaphragm contact electrode, constant current loaded circuit, voltage follower circuit and operating mode module; Described each contact electrode comprises current input electrode, voltage output electrode, and described current input electrode is connected with the constant current loaded circuit, and described voltage output electrode is connected with voltage follower circuit; Described operating mode module comprises: first mode of operation, and the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of the right hand-left hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of the right hand-left hand;

Second mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of the right hand-left foot, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of the right hand-left foot;

The 3rd mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of the right hand-right crus of diaphragm, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of the right hand-right crus of diaphragm;

The 4th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm;

The 5th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left foot-left hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left foot-left hand;

The 6th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of right crus of diaphragm-left hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of right crus of diaphragm-left hand;

Described microprocessor also comprises body internal impedance measurement module, described voltage follower circuit connector internal impedance measurement module, described body internal impedance measurement module comprises: body internal impedance distribution unit is used to stipulate the intravital left arm impedance Z _ L-arm of people, right arm impedance Z _ R-arm, left Teng impedance Z _ L-huckle of portion, right Teng impedance Z _ R-huckle of portion, trunk comprehensive impedance Z_integration; The mode of operation selected cell is used for the anti-measuring mechanism of selective body internal resistance and works under different working modes; Body internal resistance computing unit is used to receive the magnitude of voltage under each mode of operation, obtains following calculating formula:

The magnitude of voltage of first mode of operation:

V1＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (5)

The magnitude of voltage of second mode of operation:

V2＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_integration+Z_L-huckle+Z_A-foot)*I (6)

The magnitude of voltage of the 3rd mode of operation:

V3＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_integration+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (7)

The magnitude of voltage of the 4th mode of operation:

V4＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (8)

The magnitude of voltage of the 5th mode of operation:

V5＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_integration+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (9)

The magnitude of voltage of the 6th mode of operation:

V6＝(Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle+Z_integration+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (10)

Wherein, Z_A-hand is the left hand current input electrode, Z_B-hand is a right hand current input electrode, Z_C-hand is a left hand voltage output electrode, Z_D-hand is a right hand voltage output electrode, and Z_A-foot is the left foot current input electrode, and Z_B-foot is the right crus of diaphragm current input electrode, Z_C-foot is a left foot voltage output electrode, and Z_D-foot is a right hand foot voltage output electrode;

According to following formula (5)～(10), obtain the calculating formula (13) of the trunk comprehensive impedance of human body:

Z_integration＝(V2+V6-V1-V4)/2*I (13)。

Further, the operating mode module of the anti-measuring mechanism of described body internal resistance also comprises:

The 7th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left hand-right hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm;

The 8th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left hand-right hand;

Described body internal impedance distribution initialization unit resolves into the both sides Z_bodySide of upper breast Z_chest, body, the diagonally opposing corner direction Z_athwart of body and the impedance of abdominal part Z_abdomen with the trunk comprehensive impedance, calculating formula is: Z_integration=(Z_chest, Z_bodySide, Z_athwart, Z_abdomen); The anti-measuring mechanism of mode of operation selected cell control volume internal resistance is measured under each mode of operation, and body internal resistance computing unit obtains following calculating formula at the magnitude of voltage that receives under each mode of operation:

The magnitude of voltage of the 7th mode of operation:

V7≈Z_chest*I (16)

The magnitude of voltage of the 8th mode of operation:

V8≈Z_abdomen*I (17)

The magnitude of voltage of first mode of operation:

V1 ^*＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_chest+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (18)

The magnitude of voltage of second mode of operation:

V2 ^*＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_athwart+Z_L-huckle+Z_A-foot)*I (19)

The magnitude of voltage of the 3rd mode of operation:

V3 ^*＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_bodySide+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (20)

The magnitude of voltage of the 4th mode of operation:

V4 ^*＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_abdomen+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (21)

The magnitude of voltage of the 5th mode of operation:

V5 ^*＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_bodySide+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (22)

The magnitude of voltage of the 6th mode of operation:

V6 ^*＝(Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle+Z_athwart+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (23)

According to following formula (16)～(23), the calculating formula that obtains diagonally opposing corner direction Z_athwart, the abdominal part Z_abdomen of both sides Z_bodySide, body of upper breast Z_chest, body and left arm impedance Z _ L-arm, right arm impedance Z _ R-arm, left Teng impedance Z _ L-huckle of portion, right Teng impedance Z _ R-huckle of portion is:

Z_athwart＝(V2 ^*+V6 ^*+V7+V8-V1 ^*-V4 ^*)/2*I (26)；

Z_bodySide＝(V3 ^*+V5 ^*+V7+V8-V1 ^*-V4 ^*)/2*I

(28)；

Z_R-arm≈(2V1 ^*+V2 ^*+V3 ^*-V5 ^*-2V7)/4*I (33)；

Z_L-arm≈(2V1 ^*-2V7+V5 ^*-V2 ^*-V3 ^*)/4*I (34)；

Z_R-huckle≈(2V4 ^*-2V8+V3 ^*-V2 ^*+V5 ^*+V6 ^*)/4*I (38)；

Z_L-huckle≈(2V4 ^*-2V8-V3 ^*+V2 ^*-V5 ^*-V6 ^*)/4*I (39)；

Z_abdomen≈V8/I (40)；

Z_chest≈V7/I (41)。

Further again, described microprocessor also comprises the bluntness measurement module, is used for measuring bluntness according to the height Ht and the body weight W of human body, and its calculating formula is:

BMI＝W/Ht ² (3)

In the following formula, BMI represents constitutional index, and W is a body weight, and unit is Kg, and Ht is a height, and unit is m;

The * 100/BMI (4) of bluntness=(BMI-22)

The bluntness judge module is used for the fat type according to reference value judgement tester: if bluntness 〉=20% belongs to fat type; If bluntness between 20% and 10%, belongs to fat slightly type; If bluntness between-10% and+10% between, belong to normal type; If bluntness≤-10% belongs to thin slightly type; The body internal impedance is measured control module, is used for judging bluntness 〉=10% at the bluntness judge module, sends to body internal impedance measurement module and measures instruction;

Described body internal impedance is measured the output connector internal impedance measurement module of control module.If more than judging that the tester belongs to normally, advise the fat mass of each several part in the further measuring body.

Further, described microprocessor also comprises memory module, is used for tester's metrical information, test result are stored in memorizer;

Statistical analysis module is used for the ratio of the fat mass at each position of compare test person and same age bracket, other meansigma methods of homogeneity:

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{chest}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{chest}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{chest}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(42\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{abdomen}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{abdomen}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{abdomen}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(43\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{L\_\mathrm{arm}}=\frac{Z\_L-\mathrm{arm}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_L-\mathrm{arm}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(44\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{R\_\mathrm{arm}}=\frac{Z\_R-\mathrm{arm}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_R-\mathrm{arm}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(45\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{R\_\mathrm{huckle}}=\frac{Z\_R-\mathrm{huckle}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_R-\mathrm{huckle}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(46\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{L\_\mathrm{huckle}}=\frac{Z\_L-\mathrm{huckle}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_L-\mathrm{huckle}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(47\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{bodySide}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{bodySide}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{bodySide}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(48\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{athwart}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{athwart}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{athwart}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(49\right)$

Wherein, $\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{chest}\left(i\right)/(n-1)$ The assembly average of n-1 tester's of expression chest electrical impedance;

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{abdomen}\left(i\right)/(n-1)$ The assembly average of n-1 tester's of expression abdominal part electrical impedance;

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}L\_\mathrm{arm}\left(i\right)/(n-1)$ The assembly average of n-1 tester's of expression left arm electrical impedance;

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}R\_\mathrm{arm}\left(i\right)/(n-1)$ The assembly average of n-1 tester's of expression right arm electrical impedance;

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}L\_\mathrm{huckle}\left(i\right)/(n-1)$ The assembly average of left Teng portion electrical impedance of n-1 tester of expression;

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}R\_\mathrm{huckle}\left(i\right)/(n-1)$ The assembly average of right Teng portion electrical impedance of n-1 tester of expression;

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\_\mathrm{bodyside}\left(i\right)/(n-1)$ The assembly average of the electrical impedance of n-1 tester's of expression body both sides;

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\_\mathrm{athwart}\left(i\right)/(n-1)$ The assembly average of the electrical impedance of n-1 tester's of expression body diagonally opposing corner direction;

Judge module as a result, as above-mentioned ratio greater than 1, the output abnormality signal.The fat mass of this part of representing this tester is bigger than same age bracket, other meansigma methods of homogeneity, advises further referring physician.

Described measured body weight mechanism is an electronic body weightometer, the body weight computing module of the output connecting microprocessor of described electronic body weightometer.

Described height measuring mechanism is the ultrasound wave instrument for measuring height, described ultrasound wave instrument for measuring height comprises ultrasound probe, height computer, described ultrasound probe is installed on the upper end of height regulating rod, described height computer receives transmission signal, the received signal of ultrasound probe, according to sending the height that signal and the time difference of received signal, hyperacoustic velocity amplitude obtain the gauger;

The height computing module of the output connecting microprocessor of described ultrasound wave instrument for measuring height.

Operation principle of the present invention is: Fig. 1, Fig. 6 are two dissimilar human body segmentation impedance models that use among expression the present invention.Fig. 2 is the outside drawing of apparatus for measuring fat among expression the present invention.Fig. 3 is the sketch map when measuring human body segmentation impedance among expression the present invention.Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of expression apparatus for measuring fat.Fig. 5 is the processing block diagram of expression apparatus for measuring fat.Measuring principle mainly is according to the poorly conductive of the fatty tissue electric conductivity in the human body than non-fat tissue, if the intravital fat mass height of human body, the resistance value of its body interior carries out intravital fat mass estimation with regard to high principle so.As shown in Figure 2, when the naked foot of gauger stands on the apparatus for measuring fat, the both feet that guarantee the gauger have excellent contact with the base current input electrode 5 and the voltage output electrode 4 of installing respectively, the gauger holds current input electrode 5 and voltage output electrode 4 with both hands simultaneously, at this moment the extremity of human body contact with 8 electrodes, wherein 4 is current input electrode, 4 is the voltage output electrode, by to the change-over switch SW1 shown in Fig. 4, SW2, SW3, the control of SW4, selectively and the contacted current input electrode of skin apply a constant current to both hands or between bipod, then measure by with the contacted corresponding site of skin on the voltage output electrode on the voltage that produced, after obtaining the magnitude of voltage of required measurement, calculate by body interior resistance value and sectional resistance value by these magnitudes of voltage and the constant current value that applies then, at last this resistance value is converted into the intravital fat mass of human body.

Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly shows: resistance value or the resistance value at certain position and the distribution situation of body fat that 1, can obtain gauger's whole body interior fast; 2, device is relatively inexpensive, the tester is easy to accept, can be operated by the layman, the result is accurate and repeatability is high; 3, can be used for that health is traced and monitored, statistics and analysis relatively, by relatively and analysis result make the gauger can hold each position fat mass situation in the difference of own and same age, other standard value of the same sex and oneself past and the present body exactly.

(4) description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the human body segmentation impedance model sketch map of embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the outside drawing of apparatus for measuring fat in human body;

Fig. 3 is the sketch map when measuring human body segmentation impedance;

Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of apparatus for measuring fat in human body;

Fig. 5 is the processing block diagram of apparatus for measuring fat in human body;

Fig. 6 is the human body segmentation impedance model sketch map of embodiment 2;

The output result that Fig. 7 distributes for body fat makees the sketch map of visualization processing;

Fig. 8 is the present existing schematic diagram of measuring the body fat mass in human body measuring device by both feet.

(5) specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.

Embodiment 1

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, a kind of apparatus for measuring fat in human body, comprise the anti-measuring mechanism 7 of body internal resistance, height measuring mechanism 2, measured body weight mechanism 1, microprocessor, memorizer 8 and display device 3, the measurement outfan of the anti-measuring mechanism of described body internal resistance, height measuring mechanism 2, measured body weight mechanism 1 connects microprocessor, described microprocessor comprises: information reading module 24 is used to receive the output signal of biomedical impedance bioelectrical measurement mechanism 7, height measuring mechanism 2, measured body weight mechanism 1; Height computing module 25 after being used to receive the signal of height measuring mechanism, calculates tester's height; Body weight computing module 26 after being used to receive the signal of measured body weight mechanism, calculates tester's body weight; Fat mass calculates module 31, and body weight W, the height Ht and the body internal impedance Z that are used for according to the tester calculate body density DB, and its computing formula is by shown in the formula (1):

DB＝A-k*W*Z/Ht ² (1)

In the formula: DB is a body density, and A is a constant, and k is a proportionality coefficient, and W is a body weight, and Z is the body internal impedance, Htu be height square;

The computing formula of fat mass is by shown in the formula (2):

Fat mass (%)=(4.57/DB-4.142) * 100 (2);

The anti-measuring mechanism of described body internal resistance comprises left hand contact electrode, right hand contact electrode, left foot contact electrode, right crus of diaphragm contact electrode, constant current loaded circuit, voltage follower circuit and operating mode module; Described each contact electrode comprises current input electrode 4, voltage output electrode 5, and described current input electrode 4 is connected with the constant current loaded circuit, and described voltage output electrode 5 is connected with voltage follower circuit; Described operating mode module comprises: first mode of operation, and the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of the right hand-left hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of the right hand-left hand; Second mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of the right hand-left foot, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of the right hand-left foot; The 3rd mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of the right hand-right crus of diaphragm, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of the right hand-right crus of diaphragm; The 4th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm; The 5th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left foot-left hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left foot-left hand; The 6th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of right crus of diaphragm-left hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of right crus of diaphragm-left hand;

Described microprocessor also comprises body internal impedance measurement module 30, described voltage follower circuit connector internal impedance measurement module 30, described body internal impedance measurement module comprises: body internal impedance distribution unit is used to stipulate the intravital left arm impedance Z _ L-arm of people, right arm impedance Z _ R-arm, left Teng impedance Z _ L-huckle of portion, right Teng impedance Z _ R-huckle of portion, trunk comprehensive impedance Z_integration; The mode of operation selected cell is used for the anti-measuring mechanism of selective body internal resistance and works under different working modes; Body internal resistance computing unit is used to receive the magnitude of voltage under each mode of operation, obtains following calculating formula:

The magnitude of voltage of first mode of operation:

V1＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (5)

The magnitude of voltage of second mode of operation:

V2＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_integration+Z_L-huckle+Z_A-foot)*I (6)

The magnitude of voltage of the 3rd mode of operation:

V3＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_integration+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (7)

The magnitude of voltage of the 4th mode of operation:

V4＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (8)

The magnitude of voltage of the 5th mode of operation:

V5＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_integration+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (9)

The magnitude of voltage of the 6th mode of operation:

V6＝(Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle+Z_integration+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (10)

Wherein, Z_A-hand is the left hand current input electrode, Z_B-hand is a right hand current input electrode, Z_C-hand is a left hand voltage output electrode, Z_D-hand is a right hand voltage output electrode, and Z_A-foot is the left foot current input electrode, and Z_B-foot is the right crus of diaphragm current input electrode, Z_C-foot is a left foot voltage output electrode, and Z_D-foot is a right hand foot voltage output electrode;

According to following formula (5)～(10), the calculating that obtains the trunk comprehensive impedance is formula (13):

Z_integration＝(V2+V6-V1-V4)/2*I (13)。

The anti-measuring mechanism 7 of the body internal resistance of present embodiment by with contacted 4 electrodes of constant current and 4 electrodes of measuring voltage value of applying of two handss of human body and bipod, apply the circuit of constant current, the circuit of measuring voltage value (being voltage follower circuit) is formed, the described circuit that applies constant current applies a constant current by being connected an electrode on the terminal to the contacted human body of this electrode (hands or foot), get back to again on the electrode of another terminal through this constant current of the formed equivalent circuit of human body, the voltage follower circuit shown in Fig. 4 comprises rectification circuit, wave filter etc.With Fig. 4, Fig. 5 explanation, the K3 of change-over switch SW1 connects, constant current I gets back on the galvanic electrode E-LIHand of left hand by the galvanic electrode E-RIHand of the right hand through Z_D-hand, Z_R-arm, Z_L-arm, Z_C-hand, other positions of human body are applied constant current I can obtain various combination, represent with table 1 by the method for switching SW1 and SW2;

Measuring method	Apply the electric current action
			SW1	SW2
	The right hand-left hand E-RIHand-E-LIHand	Connect K3			Connect K1

The right hand-left foot E-RIHand-E-LIFoot	Connect K3	Connect K2
			The right hand-right crus of diaphragm E-RIHand-E-RIFoot	Connect K3	Connect K3
Left foot-right crus of diaphragm E-LIFoot-E-RIFoot	Connect K1	Connect K3
			Left foot-left hand E-LIFoot-E-LIHand	Connect K1	Connect K1
Right crus of diaphragm-left hand E-RIFoot-E-LIHand	Connect K2	Connect K1

Table 1

The circuit of described measuring voltage value, after the circuit of above-mentioned constant current applies constant current by the measuring method shown in the table 1, on the correspondent voltage electrode, can produce the correspondent voltage value, by measuring the magnitude of voltage on the electrode on these terminals, and the magnitude of voltage that obtains can be calculated the resistance value of inside of human body divided by the value of applying constant current I, the voltage that measurement produces on each position of human body can obtain various combination by the method for switching SW3 and SW4, represents with table 2;

Measuring method	The measuring voltage action
			SW3	SW4
	The right hand-left hand E-RVHand-E-LVHand	Connect K3			Connect K1
The right hand-left foot E-RVHand-E-LVFoot			Connect K3	Connect K2
	The right hand-right crus of diaphragm E-RVHand-E-RVFoot	Connect K3			Connect K3
Left foot-right crus of diaphragm E-LVFoot-E-RVFoot			Connect K1	Connect K3
	Left foot-left hand E-LVFoot-E-LVHand	Connect K1			Connect K1
Right crus of diaphragm-left hand E-RVFoot-E-LVHand			Connect K2	Connect K1

Table 2

With table 1 and table 2 altogether, can obtain applying the syntagmatic table of electric current and measuring voltage, as shown in table 3;

Measuring method	Apply the electric current action		The measuring voltage action		Measured value
						SW1	SW2	SW3	SW4
	The right hand-left hand E-RVHand-E-LVHand	Connect K3	Connect K1	Connect K3						Connect K1	V1
The right hand-left foot E-RVHand-E-LVFoot					Connect K3	Connect K2	Connect K3	Connect K2	V2
	The right hand-right crus of diaphragm E-RVHand-E-RVFoot	Connect K3	Connect K3	Connect K3						Connect K3	V3

Left foot-right crus of diaphragm E-LVFoot-E-RVFoot	Connect K1	Connect K3	Connect K1	Connect K3	V4
						Left foot-left hand E-LVFoot-E-LVHand	Connect K1	Connect K1	Connect K1	Connect K1	V5
Right crus of diaphragm-left hand E-RVFoot-E-LVHand	Connect K2	Connect K1	Connect K2	Connect K1	V6

Table 3

Described height measuring unit is formed by connecting by a ultrasonic sensor and related circuit, implementation method is with reference to No. 88211628 ultrasonic body instrument for measuring height of Chinese utility model patent, with this patent difference be that what to use in this patent is a ultrasound probe, this probe is not only as the transmission probe but also as receiving transducer, after probe sends a ultrasound wave, immediately the state of popping one's head in is automatically switched into accepting state, calculate from sending a ultrasound wave calculates the gauger to the time that receives its echo height; Described measured body weight unit is made up of weight sensor and corresponding measuring circuit; Described microprocessor also comprises: various sensor information read modules, the anti-testing control module 28 of body internal resistance, human body contact condition judge module 29, height computing module 25, body weight computing module 26, BMI computing module 27, the electrical impedance computing module 30 at the electrical impedance of inside of human body and each position, body fat meter is calculated module 31, and statistical analysis module 32 is measured result of calculation output module 33; Described various sensor information read module reads measurement data by A/D converter from the related circuit of this pick off after receiving the instruction of reading certain pick off; Each position of human body is measured in anti-testing control module 28 major controls of described body internal resistance, describes with reference to Fig. 2, and described BMI computing module 27 is according to the value of calculation that obtains in height computing module and the body weight computing module,

BMI＝W/Ht ² (3)

In the formula: W is a body weight, and unit is Kg, and Ht is a height, and unit is m.By the BMI value that calculates, can calculate tester's bluntness, as the formula (4), numerical value 22 is reference values of the BMI of setting in the formula,

The * 100/BMI (4) of bluntness=(BMI-22)

Then according to the bluntness that calculates judge this tester be thin slightly, normally, type such as fat slightly, obesity.As shown in table 4.

Bluntness numerical value is judged

Not enough-10～-20 %

Not enough ± 10%

Less than 10～20%

More than 20%

Thin slightly

Normally

Fat slightly

Fat

Table 4

Among the present invention bluntness is judged as transnormal tester suggestion and further does body fat measurement amount, so that further the Accurate Analysis tester is which kind of belongs to is fat and in what position fat mass situation; It is that the contact condition between human body skin and the electrode is reduced to minimum degree to the result who measures that described human body contact condition judge module mainly acts on, describe with reference to Fig. 3, owing to there is contact resistance to exist between human body skin and the electrode, and this resistance is by the wet situation of doing of skin surface, skin changes with the situation that contacts of electrode, this resistance value changes in several kilohms of scopes at hundreds of ohm, judge the contact condition at this position and all measurement points (two handss by measuring certain position of human body (such as left foot) with the contact resistance of electrode, bipod) all remains in certain scope under the situation by repeated measurement within a certain period of time on, License Info is measured in module output, if find not meet above-mentioned requirements on some contact points, this position contact condition of voice suggestion is bad; The electrical impedance computing module at the electrical impedance of described inside of human body and each position is that basis is by the such action sequence of table 3, microprocessor MUL controls switching analoging switch SW1 according to this action sequence by I/O, SW2, SW3, SW4 applies constant current I between needed electrode, when applying the state of this constant current I, the voltage that produces between the measurement electrode, and this measuring voltage value is kept in the memorizer, so that in the electrical impedance computing module at the electrical impedance of inside of human body and each position, calculate various electrical impedance, computational methods are provided by following formula

E-RVHand-E-LVHand between the right hand-left hand (first mode of operation):

V1＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (5)

E-RVHand-E-LVFoot between the right hand-left foot (second mode of operation):

V2＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_integration+Z_L-huckle+Z_A-foot)*I (6)

E-RVHand-E-RVFoot between the right hand-right crus of diaphragm (the 3rd mode of operation):

V3＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_integration+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (7)

E-LVFoot-E-RVFoot between left foot-right crus of diaphragm (the 4th mode of operation):

V4＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (8)

E-LVFoot-E-LVHand between left foot-left hand (the 5th mode of operation):

V5＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+_integration+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (9)

E-RVFoot-E-LVHand between right crus of diaphragm-left hand (the 6th mode of operation):

V6＝(Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle+Z_integration+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I(10)

At first formula (5) and formula (8) addition are obtained formula (11):

V1+V4＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot+

Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (11)

Again formula (6) and formula (10) addition are obtained formula (12):

V2+V6＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot+

2*Z_integration+Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (12)

Separate above-mentioned multinomial and can obtain formula (13), promptly obtain the trunk comprehensive impedance of human body:

Z_integration＝(V2+V6-V1-V4)/2*I (13)

By the trunk comprehensive impedance of human body, can access the fat mass of trunk part according to formula (1), (2).

Embodiment 2

With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, present embodiment is the apparatus for measuring fat another embodiment, for upper breast Z_chest, the both sides Z_bodySide of body, the diagonally opposing corner direction Z_athwart of body and impedance and the fat mass of abdominal part Z_abdomen in the further Measurement and analysis human body, comprehensive impedance Z_integration with human body among the present invention remakes decomposition, shown in formula (14), illustrate as shown in Figure 6

Z_integration＝(Z_chest，Z_bodySide，Z_athwart，Z_abdomen) (14)

Z_bodySide in the formula (14) has reflected that mainly side, the Z_athwart of health are that internal organs portion, Z_chest are that chest, Z_abdomen are underbelly tissue impedance, and itself and comprehensive impedance Z_integration have reflected the impedance of the tissue of body portion.As an important indicator of health degree, when promptly judging the body fat amount, can remove main part, just with the value of removing Z_chest in the following formula (14) by chest muscle and the Z_chest that pulmonary constituted.The ratio size of both sides Z_bodySide that equally also can be by body, the diagonally opposing corner direction Z_athwart of body is come what of fat mass of both sides, the internal organs of comparative analysis body, if the Rate value of calculating formula (15) shows that less than 1 the fat mass in this tester's the internal organs is more than the both sides fat mass of health, the numerical value ratio of the fat mass in the bright internal organs of novel more is high more.

Rate＝Z_bodySide/Z_athwart (15)；

Further, with Fig. 6 above-mentioned measurements and calculations are explained, in order to obtain the various resistance values of above-mentioned body interior, increased by 4 calculating observation points among the present invention, promptly among the figure at L_armNod, the R_armNod of the upper breast both sides of human body and L_bodyNod, the R_bodyNod of abdominal part both sides, the method shown in measuring method and the table 3 is identical, be preceding 6 identical, different is to have increased by two test events in back, as shown in table 5

Measuring method	Apply the electric current action		The measuring voltage action		Measured value
						SW1	SW2	SW3	SW4
	The right hand-left hand E-RVHand-E-LVHand	Connect K3	Connect K1	Connect K3						Connect K1	V1 *
The right hand-left foot E-RVHand-E-LVFoot					Connect K3	Connect K2	Connect K3	Connect K2	V2 *
	The right hand-right crus of diaphragm E-RVHand-E-RVFoot	Connect K3	Connect K3	Connect K3						Connect K3	V3 *
Left foot-right crus of diaphragm E-LVFoot-E-RVFoot					Connect K1	Connect K3	Connect K1	Connect K3	V4 *
	Left foot-left hand E-LVFoot-E-LVHand	Connect K1	Connect K1	Connect K1						Connect K1	V5 *
Right crus of diaphragm-left hand E-RVFoot-E-LVHand					Connect K2	Connect K1	Connect K2	Connect K1	V6 *
	Voltage between L_armNod and the R_armNod	Connect K3	Connect K1	Connect K1						Connect K3	V7
Voltage between L_bodyNod and the R_bodyNod					Connect K1	Connect K3	Connect K3	Connect K1	V8

Table 5

In the back in two test events, the 7th (the 7th mode of operation) is that two handss are applied the voltage that current measurement produces on bipod, the 8th (the 8th mode of operation) is that bipod is applied current measurement at two voltages that produce on hand, and its principle is that its electric current can flow on the bipod direction hardly when two handss are applied electric current.

Therefore the voltage that produces on bipod can be (the 7th mode of operation) by approximate expression:

V7≈Z_chest*I (16)；

Its electric current can on two hands directions, flow hardly (the 8th mode of operation) when bipod is applied electric current,

Therefore at two voltages that produce on hand can approximate expression be:

V8≈Z_abdomen*I (17)；

For above-mentioned human body impedance model, the impedance computation method of its each several part is provided by following formula,

E-RVHand-E-LVHand between the right hand-left hand (first mode of operation):

V1 ^*＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_chest+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (18)；

Formula (18) convolution (16) can be rewritten as formula (18-1) again:

Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand＝(V1 ^*-V7)/I (18-1)；

E-RVHand-E-LVFoot between the right hand-left foot (second mode of operation):

V2 ^*＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_athwart+Z_L-huckle+Z_A-foot)*I (19)；

Formula (19) can be rewritten as formula (19-1) again:

Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_athwart+Z_L-huckle+Z_A-foot＝V2 ^*/I (19-1)；

E-RVHand-E-RVFoot between the right hand-right crus of diaphragm (the 3rd mode of operation):

V3 ^*＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_bodySide+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (20)；

Formula (20) can be rewritten as formula (20-1) again:

Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_bodySide+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot＝V3/I (20-1)；

E-LVFoot-E-RVFoot between left foot-right crus of diaphragm (the 4th mode of operation):

V4 ^*＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_abdomen+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (21)；

Formula (21) convolution (17) can be rewritten as formula (21-1) again:

Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot＝(V4 ^*-V8)/I (21-1)；

E-LVFoot-E-LVHand between left foot-left hand (the 5th mode of operation):

V5 ^*＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_bodySide+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (22)；

Formula (22) can be rewritten as formula (22-1) again:

Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_bodySide+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand＝V5 ^*/I (22-1)；

E-RVFoot-E-LVHand between right crus of diaphragm-left hand (the 6th mode of operation):

V6 ^*＝(Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle+Z_athwart+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (23)

Formula (23) can be rewritten as formula (23-1) again:

Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle+Z_athwart+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand＝V6 ^*/I (23-1)；

Further, formula (18-1) and formula (21-1) addition are obtained formula (24):

Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot+Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+

Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand＝(V1 ^*+V4 ^*-V7-V8)/I

(24)；

Again formula (19-1) and formula (23-1) addition are obtained formula (25):

Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot+2*Z_athwart+Z_B-hand+

Z_R-arm+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand＝(V2 ^×+V6 ^×)/I

(25)；

With formula (25)-Shi (24) and arrangement, obtain formula (26), promptly obtain the equiva lent impedance of the diagonally opposing corner direction Z_athwart of body:

Z_athwart＝(V2 ^*+V6 ^*+V7+V8-V1 ^*-V4 ^*)/2*I (26)；

Again formula (20-1) and formula (22-1) addition are obtained formula (27):

Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot+2*Z_bodySide+Z_B-hand+

Z_R-arm+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand＝(V3 ^*+V5 ^*)/I

(27)；

With formula (27)-Shi (24) and arrangement, obtain formula (28), promptly obtain the impedance Z _ bodySide of the side surface direction of body.

The equiva lent impedance of the side surface direction of body:

Z_bodySide＝(V3 ^*+V5 ^*+V7+V8-V1 ^*-V4 ^*)/2*I (28)；

With formula (28)-Shi (26) and arrangement, obtain formula (29)

Z_bodySide-Z_athwart＝(V3 ^*+V5 ^*-V2 ^*-V6 ^*)/2*I (29)；

With formula (20-1)-Shi (23-1) and with after formula (29) the substitution arrangement, obtain formula (30):

Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm-Z_L-arm-Z_A-hand＝(V2 ^*+V3 ^*-V5 ^*)/2*I (30)；

Formula (30) and formula (18-1) are carried out addition and additive operation and arrangement obtain formula (31), formula (32):

Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm＝(2V1 ^*+V2 ^*+V3 ^*-V5 ^*-2V7)/4*I (31)；

Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand＝(2V1 ^*-2V7+V5 ^*-V2 ^*-V3 ^*)/4*I (32)；

The impedance of considering people's finger place will be much smaller than the impedance at arm place, and formula (31), formula (32) can be rewritten as formula (33), formula (34) again:

The equiva lent impedance of right arm: Z_R-arm ≈ (2V1 ^*+ V2 ^*+ V3 ^*-V5 ^*-2V7)/4*I (33);

The equiva lent impedance of left arm: Z_L-arm ≈ (2V1 ^*-2V7+V5 ^*-V2 ^*-V3 ^*)/4*I (34);

With formula (23-1)-Shi (22-1) and with after formula (29) the substitution arrangement, obtain formula (35)

Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle-Z_A-foot-Z_L-huckle＝(V3 ^*-V2 ^*+V5 ^*+V6 ^*)/2*I

(35)；

Formula (35) and formula (21-1) are carried out addition and additive operation and arrangement obtain formula (36), formula (37):

Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle＝(2V4 ^*-2V8+V3 ^*-V2 ^*+V5 ^*+V6 ^*)/4*I (36)；

Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle＝(2V4 ^*-2V8-V3 ^*+V2 ^*-V5 ^*-V6 ^*)/4*I (37)；

The impedance of considering people's foot will be much smaller than the impedance of Teng Buchu, and formula (36), formula (37) can be rewritten as formula (38), formula (39) again;

The equiva lent impedance of right side Teng portion:

Z_R-huckle≈(2V4 ^*-2V8+V3 ^*-V2 ^*+V5 ^*+V6 ^*)/4*I (38)；

The equiva lent impedance of left side Teng portion:

Z_L-huckle≈(2V4 ^*-2V8-V3 ^*+V2 ^*-V5 ^*-V6 ^*)/4*I (39)；

Through type (17) can obtain

The underbelly equiva lent impedance of human body: Z_abdomen ≈ V8/I (40);

Through type (16) can obtain

The equiva lent impedance of human body upper breast: Z_chest ≈ V7/I (41);

According to above-mentioned partes corporis humani's section impedance of trying to achieve, can obtain gauger's body density DB and fat mass then according to formula (1), formula (2) by calculating total impedance these impedances and that obtain human body:

Body density DB=A-k*W*Z/Htu (1)

Fat mass (%)=(4.57/ body density-4.142) * 100 (2)

Microprocessor also comprises memory module 34, is used for tester's metrical information, test result are stored in memorizer; Described statistical analysis module 32 is according to above-mentioned measurement and the equivalent impedance that has calculated the partes corporis humani position, can compare and measurement result be verified from these value of calculation, measuring statistical data human body whole body impedance (Z) according to a large amount of human impedances is distributed in about 500 Ω, impedance (the Z_L-huckle of lower limb wherein, Z_R-huckle) be distributed in about 230 Ω, impedance (the Z_L-arm of upper limb, Z_R-arm) be distributed in about 200 Ω, the impedance of trunk (Z_integration) is but only about about 70 Ω.Obviously, upper and lower extremities having the greatest impact to the whole body impedance measurement.As interior fat type obesity is compatriots' fat characteristics, when analyzing interior fat type obesity, to get rid of the influence of the impedance of upper and lower extremities to analysis result, tester's measurement result and the same age bracket in the memory module in this patent embodiment, have been adopted, same sex, the assembly average at same position compares, comprised that also the data with own past measurement compare, thereby can hold gauger's integral body and each position in the human body and same people comparable situation more accurately, for same age bracket, same sex, the assembly average at same position is to be judged as in normal person's the data according to the bluntness numerical value in the table 1 to extract.

Relatively formula is provided by following formula, and formula (42) is comparison same age bracket, other breast fat rate of homogeneity, wherein $\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{chest}\left(i\right)/(n-1)$ Represent that n-1 bluntness numerical value is judged as the assembly average of normal person's chest electrical impedance, represented comparison size equally with the fat percentage at same age bracket, same sex, same position from formula (43) to formula (49), this numerical value surpasses normal index greater than the fat mass at 1 this position of expression, and numerical value is big more to show that the fat mass at this position is high more:

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{chest}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{chest}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{chest}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(42\right);$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{abdomen}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{abdomen}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{abdomen}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(43\right);$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{L\_\mathrm{arm}}=\frac{Z\_L-\mathrm{arm}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_L-\mathrm{arm}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(44\right);$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{R\_\mathrm{arm}}=\frac{Z\_R-\mathrm{arm}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_R-\mathrm{arm}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(45\right);$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{R\_\mathrm{huckle}}=\frac{Z\_R-\mathrm{huckle}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_R-\mathrm{huckle}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(46\right);$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{L\_\mathrm{huckle}}=\frac{Z\_L-\mathrm{huckle}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_L-\mathrm{huckle}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(47\right);$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{bodySide}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{bodySide}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{bodySide}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(48\right);$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{athwart}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{athwart}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{athwart}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(49\right);$

Judge module as a result, as above-mentioned ratio greater than 1, the output abnormality signal.

Further the output result is done visualization processing, explain with Fig. 7, scheme mellow lime color part and represent the fat at this position, its color is deeply felt more and is shown that this position fat mass is high more, because last two is the code of controlling grey color part in the RGB hexadecimal code of color, the more little shown grey color relation of double figures value is dark more behind its code, be #ffffff → #ffff00, among the present invention with #ffffc0 as suitable normal fat mass Standard Colors, deeply just represent this position hyperliposis than this color, can obtain following formula (50) and will calculate various from formula (42) to formula (49) than being converted into corresponding calculating color

Color _bodySide＝255-k2*Rate _bodySide (50)

The color calculation at other positions adopts the identical mode of formula (50), and the numerical value that calculates is decimal scale, this decimal scale numerical value will be changed into hexadecimal code when the expression color.

Can also observe its fat-reducing effect to same tester in addition, according to historical data of measuring and the present data that calculate of measuring, the impedance variation figure at each position of human body that draws, wherein abscissa is the time, vertical coordinate is each position resistance value of human body.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of apparatus for measuring fat in human body, comprise the anti-measuring mechanism of body internal resistance, height measuring mechanism, measured body weight mechanism, microprocessor, memorizer and display device, the measurement outfan of the anti-measuring mechanism of described body internal resistance, height measuring mechanism, measured body weight mechanism connects microprocessor, and described microprocessor comprises:

Information reading module is used to receive the output signal of biomedical impedance bioelectrical measurement mechanism, height measuring mechanism, measured body weight mechanism;

The height measurement module after being used to receive the signal of height measuring mechanism, calculates tester's height;

The measured body weight module after being used to receive the signal of measured body weight mechanism, is calculated tester's body weight;

Fat mass calculates module, and body weight W, the height Ht and the body internal impedance Z that are used for according to the tester calculate body density DB, and its computing formula is by shown in the formula (1):

DB＝A-k*W*Z/Ht ² (1)

In the formula: DB is a body density, and A is a constant, and k is a proportionality coefficient, and W is a body weight, and Z is the body internal impedance, Ht ²Be height square;

The computing formula of fat mass is by shown in the formula (2):

Fat mass (%)=(4.57/DB-4.142) * 100 (2);

It is characterized in that:

The anti-measuring mechanism of described body internal resistance comprises left hand contact electrode, right hand contact electrode, left foot contact electrode, right crus of diaphragm contact electrode, constant current loaded circuit, voltage follower circuit and operating mode module;

Described each contact electrode comprises current input electrode, voltage output electrode, and described current input electrode is connected with the constant current loaded circuit, and described voltage output electrode is connected with voltage follower circuit;

Described operating mode module comprises:

First mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of the right hand-left hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of the right hand-left hand;

Second mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of the right hand-left foot, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of the right hand-left foot;

The 3rd mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of the right hand-right crus of diaphragm, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of the right hand-right crus of diaphragm;

The 4th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm;

The 5th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left foot-left hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left foot-left hand;

The 6th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of right crus of diaphragm-left hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of right crus of diaphragm-left hand;

Described microprocessor also comprises body internal impedance measurement module, described voltage follower circuit connector internal impedance measurement module, and described body internal impedance measurement module comprises:

Body internal impedance distribution unit is used to stipulate the intravital left arm impedance Z _ L-arm of people, right arm impedance Z _ R-arm, left Teng impedance Z _ L-huckle of portion, right Teng impedance Z _ R-huckle of portion, trunk comprehensive impedance Z_integration;

The mode of operation selected cell is used for the anti-measuring mechanism of selective body internal resistance and works under different working modes;

Body internal resistance computing unit is used to receive the magnitude of voltage under each mode of operation, obtains following calculating formula:

The magnitude of voltage of first mode of operation:

V1＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (5)

The magnitude of voltage of second mode of operation:

V2＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_integration+Z_L-huckle+Z_A-foot)*I (6)

The magnitude of voltage of the 3rd mode of operation:

V3＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_integration+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (7)

The magnitude of voltage of the 4th mode of operation:

V4＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (8)

The magnitude of voltage of the 5th mode of operation:

V5＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_integration+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (9)

The magnitude of voltage of the 6th mode of operation:

V6＝(Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle+Z_integration+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (10)

Wherein, Z_A-hand is the left hand current input electrode, Z_B-hand is a right hand current input electrode, Z_C-hand is a left hand voltage output electrode, Z_D-hand is a right hand voltage output electrode, and Z_A-foot is the left foot current input electrode, and Z_B-foot is the right crus of diaphragm current input electrode, Z_C-foot is a left foot voltage output electrode, and Z_D-foot is a right hand foot voltage output electrode;

According to following formula (5)～(10), the calculating that obtains the trunk comprehensive impedance is formula (13):

Z_integration＝(V2+V6-V1-V4)/2*I (13)。

2, apparatus for measuring fat in human body as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the operating mode module of the anti-measuring mechanism of described body internal resistance also comprises:

The 7th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left hand-right hand, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm;

The 8th mode of operation, the constant current loaded circuit connects the current input electrode of left foot-right crus of diaphragm, and voltage follower circuit connects the voltage output electrode of left hand-right hand;

Described body internal impedance distribution initialization unit resolves into the both sides Z_bodySide of upper breast Z_chest, body, the diagonally opposing corner direction Z_athwart of body and the impedance of abdominal part Z_abdomen with the trunk comprehensive impedance, calculating formula is: Z_integration=(Z_chest, Z_bodySide, Z_athwart, Z_abdomen);

The anti-measuring mechanism of mode of operation selected cell control volume internal resistance is measured under each mode of operation, and body internal resistance computing unit obtains following calculating formula at the magnitude of voltage that receives under each mode of operation:

The magnitude of voltage of the 7th mode of operation:

V7≈Z_chest*I (16)

The magnitude of voltage of the 8th mode of operation:

V8≈Z_abdomen*I (17)

The magnitude of voltage of first mode of operation:

V1 ^*＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_chest+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (18)

The magnitude of voltage of second mode of operation:

V2 ^*＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_athwart+Z_L-huckle+Z_A-foot)*I (19)

The magnitude of voltage of the 3rd mode of operation:

V3 ^*＝(Z_B-hand+Z_R-arm+Z_bodySide+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (20)

The magnitude of voltage of the 4th mode of operation:

V4 ^*＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_abdomen+Z_R-huckle+Z_B-foot)*I (21)

The magnitude of voltage of the 5th mode of operation:

V5 ^*＝(Z_A-foot+Z_L-huckle+Z_bodySide+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (22)

The magnitude of voltage of the 6th mode of operation:

V6 ^*＝(Z_B-foot+Z_R-huckle+Z_athwart+Z_L-arm+Z_A-hand)*I (23)

According to following formula (16)～(23), the calculating formula that obtains diagonally opposing corner direction Z_athwart, the abdominal part Z_abdomen of both sides Z_bodySide, body of upper breast Z_chest, body and left arm impedance Z _ L-arm, right arm impedance Z _ R-arm, left Teng impedance Z _ L-huckle of portion, right Teng impedance Z _ R-huckle of portion is:

Z_athwart＝(V2 ^*+V6 ^*+V7+V8-V1 ^*-V4 ^*)/2*I (26)；

Z_bodySide＝(V3 ^*+V5 ^*+V7+V8-V1 ^*-V4 ^*)/2*I (28)；

Z_R-arm≈(2V1 ^*+V2 ^*+V3 ^*-V5 ^*-2V7)/4*I (33)；

Z_L-arm≈(2V1 ^*-2V7+V5 ^*-V2 ^*-V3 ^*)/4*I (34)；

Z_R-huckle≈(2V4 ^*-2V8+V3 ^*-V2 ^*+V5 ^*+V6 ^*)/4*I (38)；

Z_L-huckle≈(2V4 ^*-2V8-V3 ^*+V2 ^*-V5 ^*-V6 ^*)/4*I (39)；

Z_abdomen≈V8/I (40)；

Z_chest≈V7/I (41)。

3, apparatus for measuring fat in human body as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described microprocessor also comprises the bluntness measurement module, is used for measuring bluntness according to the height Ht and the body weight W of human body, and its calculating formula is:

BMI＝W/Ht ² (3)

In the following formula, BMI represents constitutional index, and W is a body weight, and unit is Kg, and Ht is a height, and unit is m;

The * 100/BMI (4) of bluntness=(BMI-22)

The bluntness judge module is used for the fat type according to reference value judgement tester: if bluntness 〉=20% belongs to fat type; If bluntness between 20% and 10%, belongs to fat slightly type; If bluntness between-10% and+10% between, belong to normal type; If bluntness≤-10% belongs to thin slightly type;

The body internal impedance is measured control module, is used for judging bluntness 〉=10% at the bluntness judge module, sends to body internal impedance measurement module and measures instruction;

Described body internal impedance is measured the output connector internal impedance measurement module of control module.

4, apparatus for measuring fat in human body as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described microprocessor also comprises memory module, is used for tester's metrical information, test result are stored in memorizer;

Statistical analysis module is used for the ratio of the fat mass at each position of compare test person and same age bracket, other meansigma methods of homogeneity:

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{chest}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{chest}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{chest}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(42\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{abdomen}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{abdomen}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{abdomen}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(43\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{L\_\mathrm{arm}}=\frac{Z\_L-\mathrm{arm}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_L-\mathrm{arm}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(44\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{R\_\mathrm{arm}}=\frac{Z\_R-\mathrm{arm}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_R-\mathrm{arm}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(45\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{R\_\mathrm{huckle}}=\frac{Z\_R-\mathrm{huckle}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_R-\mathrm{huckle}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(46\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{L\_\mathrm{huckle}}=\frac{Z\_L-\mathrm{huckle}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_L-\mathrm{huckle}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(47\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{bodySide}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{bodySide}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{bodySide}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(48\right)$

${\mathrm{Rate}}_{\mathrm{athwart}}=\frac{Z\_\mathrm{athwart}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}Z\_\mathrm{athwart}\left(i\right)}*(n-1)---\left(49\right)$

Wherein,

The assembly average of n-1 tester's of expression chest electrical impedance; The assembly average of n-1 tester's of expression abdominal part electrical impedance; The assembly average of n-1 tester's of expression left arm electrical impedance;

The assembly average of n-1 tester's of expression right arm electrical impedance;

The assembly average of left Teng portion electrical impedance of n-1 tester;

The assembly average of right Teng portion electrical impedance of n-1 tester of expression;

The assembly average of the electrical impedance of n-1 tester's of expression body both sides;

The assembly average of the electrical impedance of n-1 tester's of expression body diagonally opposing corner direction;

Judge module as a result, as above-mentioned ratio greater than 1, the output abnormality signal.

5, apparatus for measuring fat in human body as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described measured body weight mechanism is an electronic body weightometer, the measured body weight module of the output connecting microprocessor of described electronic body weightometer.

6, apparatus for measuring fat in human body as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described height measuring mechanism is the ultrasound wave instrument for measuring height, described ultrasound wave instrument for measuring height comprises ultrasound probe, height computer, described ultrasound probe is installed on the upper end of height regulating rod, described height computer receives transmission signal, the received signal of ultrasound probe, according to sending the height that signal and the time difference of received signal, hyperacoustic velocity amplitude obtain the gauger;

The height measurement module of the output connecting microprocessor of described ultrasound wave instrument for measuring height.

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