CN1895815B - Lost-wax casting process with contact layer - Google Patents
Lost-wax casting process with contact layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1895815B CN1895815B CN2005100847150A CN200510084715A CN1895815B CN 1895815 B CN1895815 B CN 1895815B CN 2005100847150 A CN2005100847150 A CN 2005100847150A CN 200510084715 A CN200510084715 A CN 200510084715A CN 1895815 B CN1895815 B CN 1895815B
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- contact layer
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Abstract
A dewaxing casting technology using contact layer for preparing the multi-layer ceramic shell mould including a mother mould made of wax or its similar material and at least one contact layer includes such steps as dipping said mother mould in a modeling paint containing ceramic particles and adhesive to form a contact layer, depositing black particles on said contact layer, and drying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt the technology manufacture component that is called lost-wax casting, for example have the metal blade and the guard shield of complex geometric shapes.
Background technology
Adopt the lost-wax casting technology to make the blade and the guard shield of turbojet, for example when rotor or stator component or structure member, using wax earlier or the material similarly disposed easily makes master mold in later process.If necessary, a plurality of master molds can be gathered into one group.The quenching in first mould wash of this master mold is formed the ground floor material that contacts with this master mold surface, around this master mold, make ceramic die.For easier and the bonding of each layer subsequently, the sandblast enhancing is carried out on the surface of this ground floor, subsequently its integral body is carried out drying (comprise and apply plaster and drying process).Forming the different mould wash repetition quench operation of possibility, all apply plaster and drying after each quench operation, thereby form the ceramic case that constitutes by multilayer subsequently.Described mould wash is made up of ceramic particle, particularly powder (for example aluminium oxide, mullite, zircon etc.) and colloid inorganic bond and (adding according to required rheological characteristic if necessary) admixture.The characteristic of dissimilar ceramic layers can be controlled and stablize to these admixtures, and can not cause cracking owing to the different physicochemical characteristics of the raw material that constitutes mould wash.They can comprise wetting agent, diluent or for the texturing agent of required deposit thickness.
With this shell mould dewaxing, this step is removed the material that constitutes original master mold subsequently.After removing master mold, obtain ceramic die, its die cavity duplicates all details of described master mold.Then this mould is carried out high-temperature heat treatment i.e. " roasting ", make it to have required mechanical performance.The shell mould that so obtains can be used for cast metal parts.
After the inside and outside integrality of checking this shell mould, subsequent step is that melt metal is cast in the die cavity, solidifies the metal in the described die cavity subsequently.In the lost-wax casting field, have multiple curing technology at present, therefore, multiple foundry engieering is classified according to the performance and the required performance of cast component of alloy.These technology are respectively that rod structure orientation is solidified (DS), the mono-crystalline structures orientation is solidified (SX) or waited axle curing (EX).Preceding two base parts (for example HP turbo blade) relate to superalloy, make these parts can bear high load capacity, Gao Re and high mechanical properties in the turbojet.
Behind casting alloy, this shell mould, the manufacturing of metal parts are broken in shake (shake out).
In the casting step, can adopt diverse ways to use multiple shell.Various shells should have can implement the property that required type is solidified.
For example, for waiting axle to solidify, can implement multiple diverse ways, a kind of method is used the silester based adhesive, the another kind of cataloid based adhesive that uses.Solidify for orientation, can adopt different batch of material (silica-alumina, silica-zircon or silicon-dioxide-substrate batch of material) to form shell.
The ground floor of these shells is important elements, and it constitutes the interface between shell mould and the casting alloy.Under the situation of rod structure or the curing of mono-crystalline structures orientation, its reply casting alloy is nonactive.Under the situation that waits axle to solidify, it should be able to make axle growths such as crystal grain.In addition, final mass, the especially surface appearance of the globality of this contact layer decision cast component.
In fact this ground floor should satisfy some and require to avoid defective, and for example pottery loses bonding and blemish.
Contact layer loses bonding meeting and form harmful mark on parts before casting or in the casting process.
The blemish that is derived from the too much micropore degree of contact layer can produce unnecessary projection on parts.
Main blemish often comes from the surperficial capillarity on the interface between wax master mold and the ground floor.Behind the quenching ground floor, in spreading sand grains process, sand grains can form and pile up, and forms many capillaries.Each capillary just is equivalent to a suction cup, and it forms low-pressure area.Capillary is more little, and low pressure is just big more.This is equivalent to ground floor does not have enough thickness.Low pressure impels mould wash to rise to plaster direction capillary, until the fluid column of formation like this pressure reduction is restored.Its result forms the depressed area that has cavity, causes forming blemish.For too thin ground floor, this phenomenon is particularly serious.
The intrinsic antagonism characteristic of these two kinds of defectives (major defect of casting) and contact layer is relevant.In fact, lose bondingly for fear of pottery, need to obtain thin and the ground floor of uniform deposition, and for fear of blemish, ground floor should deposit evenly and be thick.
Therefore the performance of contact layer should be taken into account described antagonism characteristic so that make all defect of parts all can not cause cracking.
Summary of the invention
The present invention adopts following method to reach this purpose.
A kind of manufacture method of multi-layer ceramics shell mould, described shell mould comprises on the master mold with wax or other analog material makes contact layer, this method is included in quenching master mold in the mould wash that contains ceramic particle, adhesive and admixture, to form described contact layer, deposition black particle and dry described contact layer on this layer.According to the present invention, the ceramic particle that the method is characterized in that described mould wash is the mullite particle.More particularly, described admixture comprises wetting agent, diluent and texturing agent.
Because therefore the composition of mould wash can reach the purpose that all casting moulds are set, and makes mold performance satisfy casting condition, especially satisfies the requirement of DS and SX curing.Specifically, this contact layer can not react with the superalloy of casting.
In order to satisfy economically the requirement relevant with discarded object, mould wash better comprises 65-90 weight % mullite powder, does not contain zircon.Equally, the sand grains that is used for this contact layer promptly " plaster " by the mullite particle but not zircon particle form.
Adding admixture in mould wash can be controlled at the deposition on the wax and guarantee relevant thickness on parts and the optimum performance of distribution.
Be preferably, in order to satisfy environmental requirement, described adhesive is a kind of water base adhesive liquid solution, cataloid for example, but not pure based adhesive.
Contact layer is deposited on the wax and is that the mullite sand of 80-250 micron strengthens the cast component that can obtain to have fine fusible ground floor and fine surface appearance by the spreading particle size distribution.
The specific embodiment
Be described in more detail below described method.
Described manufacturing shell modeling method comprises that the first step makes master mold with wax or another kind of analog material known in the art.The most frequently used is wax.According to the type of parts, a plurality of master molds can be assembled one group so that make a plurality of moulds simultaneously.The size and dimension of master mold is identical with the size and dimension of final parts, consider the contraction of alloy.
The manufacturing step of shell is better implemented by robot, and the control program of this robot motion can make the best in quality of deposition and the blade of different geometries and outer cover are not ftractureed.
Prepare mould wash and continuous quenching master mold or master mold group simultaneously with deposit ceramic materials.
By weight percentage composed as follows of first mould wash:
-mullite powder 65-80;
-cataloid adhesive 20-35;
-water 0-5%;
The admixture of-three kinds of materials: wetting agent, diluent and texturing agent.
Described three kinds of materials play following effect respectively:
-diluent can obtain required rheological characteristic faster in the process of making this layer.It plays dispersant.It better is selected from following compounds: amino acids, ammonium polyacrylate class or hydroxyl tricarboxylic acid class;
-wetting agent helps the coating of layer in quench process.Wetting agent better is selected from following compounds: polyalkylene aliphatic alcohols or oxyalkylated alcohols;
-texturing agent can make layer optimization to obtain suitable deposition.It better is selected from ethylene oxide polymer class, xanthans or guar gum.
In case take out master mold from the impregnation steps of first mould wash after, the master mold that is about to so apply drains, and applies subsequently.Then apply " plaster " particle (sand grains) so that do not influence thin contact layer by spreading.Use mullite, the size distribution of this mullite is narrow in this ground floor, is the 80-250 micron.The surface appearance part of final part is relevant with this size distribution.
Dry ground floor.
Test is indicated as and obtains gratifying rheological behavior, and it also is favourable adding admixture under non-essential situation.
In second mould wash, carry out quench step subsequently, so-called to form " centre " layer.
As previously described, deposition " plaster ", subsequent drying.
Subsequently master mold is immersed in the 3rd mould wash and forms the 3rd layer, it is the ground floor of so-called enhancement layer.
Then apply plaster, subsequent drying.Repeat described the 3rd mould wash quenching, apply plaster and drying steps, to obtain required thickness of the shell.For last one deck, carry out the glazing operation.
The described second and the 3rd mould wash can comprise alumina powder and the mixture of mullite powder and the mixture of 0-25 weight % mullite particle of 45-95 weight %.
For its quench operation of different floor is different distribute and also (especially holding back the district) and prevent to form bubble to obtain homogeneous thickness.
The final drying outermost layer.
Therefore, shell comprises the 5-12 layer.
The firing cycle of mould is included in temperature rise period, the temperature retention time under sintering temperature and the cooling stage in the setting-up time.Select firing cycle to optimize the mechanical performance of shell, make it cold treatment and not have cracking dangerous, and its sensitiveness to thermal shock (may occur in various cast sections) is reduced to minimum.
Use contact layer of the present invention to describe the method for making the shell mould above.This contact layer can combine with all types of layers that are fit to various conditions, if necessary, even can combine with the layer that zircon particle forms.
Claims (6)
1. manufacture method that is used to cast the multi-layer ceramics shell mould of turbine part, described shell mould comprises the contact layer made from the wax master mold of the parts that will make of one deck at least, described method comprises the following steps:
This master mold of dipping forms described contact layer in containing first mould wash of ceramic particle and adhesive;
Deposit sand grains on described contact layer, described sand grains is made up of the mullite particle, and the size distribution of described sand grains is the 80-250 micron;
Dry described contact layer;
The ceramic particle of wherein said mould wash is the mullite particle, described mould wash comprises wetting agent, diluent and texturing agent, described wetting agent is selected from polyalkylene aliphatic alcohols or oxyalkylated alcohols, described diluent is selected from amino acids, ammonium polyacrylate class or hydroxyl tricarboxylic acid class, and described texturing agent is selected from ethylene oxide polymer class, xanthans or guar gum.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described adhesive is based on water-based inorganic colloidal solution.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described inorganic colloid is a cataloid.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described sand grains applies by spreading.
5. the shell mould that makes with the described method of above-mentioned each claim is orientated the purposes of solidifying in the manufacture component at rod structure.
6. the shell mould that makes with each described method among the claim 1-4 is orientated the purposes of solidifying in the manufacture component at mono-crystalline structures.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100847150A CN1895815B (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2005-07-12 | Lost-wax casting process with contact layer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100847150A CN1895815B (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2005-07-12 | Lost-wax casting process with contact layer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1895815A CN1895815A (en) | 2007-01-17 |
| CN1895815B true CN1895815B (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2005100847150A Active CN1895815B (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2005-07-12 | Lost-wax casting process with contact layer |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104325077A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2015-02-04 | 宁波吉威熔模铸造有限公司 | Casting method of vehicle engine piston |
| EP3793963B1 (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2023-08-30 | Safran | Process for manufacturing a cmc part |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3859153A (en) * | 1970-06-25 | 1975-01-07 | Du Pont | Refractory laminate having improved green strength |
| CN1089195A (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1994-07-13 | 克洛德·瓦特斯 | investment casting refractory material |
| US5618633A (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1997-04-08 | Precision Castparts Corporation | Honeycomb casting |
| CN1453083A (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2003-11-05 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Manufacture of no-allowance molding shell for directional solidification casting |
-
2005
- 2005-07-12 CN CN2005100847150A patent/CN1895815B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3859153A (en) * | 1970-06-25 | 1975-01-07 | Du Pont | Refractory laminate having improved green strength |
| CN1089195A (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1994-07-13 | 克洛德·瓦特斯 | investment casting refractory material |
| US5618633A (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1997-04-08 | Precision Castparts Corporation | Honeycomb casting |
| CN1453083A (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2003-11-05 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Manufacture of no-allowance molding shell for directional solidification casting |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| US 3859153 A,说明书实施例5. |
| 胡德元 等.改善硅溶胶涂料涂挂性的方法.特种铸造及有色合金 2.1981,(2),9-13. |
| 胡德元 等.改善硅溶胶涂料涂挂性的方法.特种铸造及有色合金 2.1981,(2),9-13. * |
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| CN1895815A (en) | 2007-01-17 |
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