CN1895028A - Configuration and production for plant multi-gene hybrid combined population variety - Google Patents
Configuration and production for plant multi-gene hybrid combined population variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN1895028A CN1895028A CN 200510035705 CN200510035705A CN1895028A CN 1895028 A CN1895028 A CN 1895028A CN 200510035705 CN200510035705 CN 200510035705 CN 200510035705 A CN200510035705 A CN 200510035705A CN 1895028 A CN1895028 A CN 1895028A
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Abstract
A method for configuring and preparing the hybridized combination population of plant includes such steps as choosing the first monohybridized generations, combining them to form a basic population, choosing part of the hybridized combination to form polygenic population, individual reproduction for each first monohybridized generation, and hybridizing between them. It has high consistency, stability and specificity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the formation and the production method of plant (cross pollination and diclinism plant) polygene type hybrid combination population kind.
Background technology
Producing at present and going up almost whole crops of using all is single-gene type kind, i.e. genotype of a kind.The hybrid combination kind of heterosis utilization is for effective protection of kind rights and interests provides technical guarantee.But the hybrid combination of the heterosis utilization of various crops is the single-gene type equally.The single-gene type breeding technique that the mankind take has aggravated the decay day by day of bio-diversity.Being very popular of various diseases in history, all relevant with a large amount of use minority single-gene type kinds, the hereditary basis of variety of crops is more and more narrower, and kind is to the opposing of biological natural enemy and tolerance worse and worse.Caused highly panic as invasion in this year " soybean rust " U.S., in history, being very popular of Hemintho-sporum leaf spot of rice plants, potato late blight, stripe rust of wheat, american corn helminthosporium maydis, leaf blight, or the like, these all take single-gene type breeding technique relevant with human breeding always, and promptly human breeding has directly aggravated the bio-diversity attenuation process.On October 16th, 2004, the United Nations General Assembly announced message, and the genetic diversity of agricultural in last century has lost 3/4ths, and present case is still very severe, and continues to worsen.
High-quality resistance high yield is the eternal target of crop breeding, but the hybrid combination of single-gene type and kind always are difficult to the eternal contradiction coordinated, and to realize surmounting more and more difficult comprehensively.Popular says, traditional crop breeding is that the breeding of single-gene type all is to attempt to select " perfect in every way " individual breeding system at present, and its inner contradictions of attending to one thing and lose sight of another are well imagined.
Li Xiao side is original have been proposed polygene type group breeding technique system and (has claimed genetic diversity breeding technique system again, applied for another patent, application number is PCT/CN2004/000657), its essence is the breeding system of " moulding excellent team ", its notion, thinking, technology, selection criteria, evaluation method etc. all have great originality and break through, the contradiction of different genotype individuality will be coordinated to greatest extent, reach population in the comprehensive coordinate aspect the high-quality resistance high yield and surmounting, fundamentally solve the inner contradictions of high-quality resistance high yield.This population kind system is initiatively strengthened the protection and the utilization of bio-diversity technically simultaneously, delays the multifarious rate of decay of biological heredity greatly, is the protection environment, and the protection bio-diversity provides practicable technology.Because the noun of polygene type group breed breeding is too specialized, therefore,, can be called the genetic diversity breeding according to its purpose and effect, be called the population kind for what the peasant made things convenient for that polygene type group breed can be popular.
Summary of the invention
The main process of genetic diversity breeding is the good and special parent's (parent's quantity is not limit) of numerous economical characters who selects breeding objective to need, carry out the hybridization of variety of way, create maximum recombinants and the combination that can utilize first generation of hybrid advantage with the hybridization amount workload of minimum, range gene type kind that these are stable and hybrid combination have just formed the basic population of genetic diversity breeding, each single-gene type to basic population is estimated, select and mensuration, utilize calculator to classify again, be about to same type, same population is merged in the single-gene type kind or the combination that meet specific breeding objective again, prime strain system (original single-gene type combination) still keeps separately or breeding simultaneously, with the single-gene type combined grow that is incorporated in same population is same sub-district, check the uniformity and the accuracy of determination data and performance, this process can be carried out more than the generation, promptly multistage population improvement.
Polygene type group breed forms: after having determined the basic combination in each population, breed original female series and male line, and carry out the production of first-filial generation seed, mix by a certain percentage, just formed the production seed of polygene type hybrid combination population.Because the reproduction coefficient difference of each combination, the natural crossing kind can change, and therefore is not suitable for the peasant and reserves seed for planting, and a preferential species subsidiary seeding is to keep the good characteristic of population.
The present invention is to the generation of hybrid combination basic population or source, and promptly the source of population original combined and formation are produced the protection with the population seed mode of production.The invention provides the method that the hybrid combination of crop polygene type group constitutes, produce uniformity, stability, specific polygene type hybrid combination population kind by this method, this hybrid combination population seed production technique is provided simultaneously, reach breeding objectives such as meeting high-quality, high anti-, high yield, and keep kind uniformity, stability and specificity three big features.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of crop hybrid combination population constitutes and the method for producing, it is characterized in that, phenotype according to each single-gene type hybrid combination, to meet breeding objective, the single-gene type hybrid combination of neat and consistent mixes, promptly form the crops population, single-gene type hybrid combination female series and the male line of forming population are bred separately, and carry out the production of hybrid combination seed, needs according to breeding objective mix single-gene type hybrid combination seed in proportion again, i.e. the production method of plant hybridization combination population.
Wherein said crops are cross pollination and diclinism plant or crop, and described alienation pollination plant such as corn etc. can utilize heterotic paddy rice, rape etc., described diclinism crop such as green cucumber, joint melon and sponge gourd etc.Particular content is as follows:
One, the structure of single-gene type hybrid combination basic population
1, any a plurality of female series and male line are formed female series group and male line group, and with each male line hybridization among each female series among the female series group and the male line group, the first generation of generation is as basic population.
2, being used for female, the male line of basis of formation colony can be 2-100000.
Two, the population seed mode of production
Any part single-gene type in the above-mentioned basic population is made up the independent production of hybrid seeds, needs according to breeding objective mix single-gene type hybrid combination seed in proportion then, or mix the male parent or the maternal production of hybrid seeds by a certain percentage, form the commercialization seed production technique, this seed mixture that is applied to produce is called polygene type hybrid combination population kind, and the single-gene type combination that each hybrid combination population contains can be at 2-10000.
Three, seed detection technique
Because the kind that the genetic diversity breeding system is bred, its intrinsic propesties is exactly a polygene type.Produce and to comprise each genotype with seed, show as and have genetic diversity, has certain heterozygosity at molecular level, randomly draw the part seed sample after generally taking evenly to mix, and carry out SSR, RAPD equimolecular according to the single seed sample and detect, just can detect difference, the scope of its difference is within breeding basic population original combined scope, and affiliation is within the used parent's scope of former hybridization.And the seed and the contemporary plant of the single-gene type hybrid combination production of hybrid seeds are not possess diversity and molecular difference substantially.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
One, experiment material-corn:
Select to collect or from synthetic variety, select various different male lines as much as possible and female series, configuration hybrid combination, its all or part first generation of hybrid is just formed the basic population of this corn population breeding, after test by experience and data, with the phenotype unanimity, fringe fruit position consistency etc. meets the combination of breeding objective characteristic as a population, and former each single-gene type hybrid combination parent bred separately, constitute the breeder's stock of population kind, after making first generation of hybrid seed, it is mixed in proportion, just constitute commercial with hybrid combination population kind.
Two, basic population constructive method:
20 male lines form male group, be designated as respectively M1, M2, M3 ... M20,15 female series form female group, be designated as respectively F1, F2, F3 ... F15 is hybridized each male line among the male group and each female series among the female group, form 300 first generations of hybrid altogether, formation base colony, and be numbered M1F1, M1F2 ..., M1F15...; M2F1...M2F15; ...; M20F1, M20F2...M20F15.
Three, population constitutes and the seed production method:
Through to the selection and the mensuration of basic population, select breeding time, the consistent combination in fringe fruit position, and observe definitely through field planting once more, constitute corn hybridization population kind JTYM, i.e. group's corn variety.It comprises the single-gene type first-filial generation combination of following 16 basic populations.M1F3, M3F20 (better resistance), M4F8, M5F6, M6F9, M7F1, M8F8, M9F15 (better resistance), M10F6, M11F14, M12F7, M13F2, M15F6, M16F8, M17F6, M18F10 (better resistance).
The seed production method:
1, above-mentioned 16 hybrid combinations choosing is bred separately according to conventional hybridization kind production method,, promptly form to produce and use seed then with the seed mixed in equal amounts.Perhaps according to female series and male line ratio mass seed production that population comprised.
2 if in more serious area plantation of disease, wish that resistance better can suitably increase the grain weight of the combination of indicating better resistance.
3, can carry out the ratio adjustment of each single-gene type combination, female series, male line according to the characteristic of any needs, for the population characteristics that guarantees to provide is stablized, should do strict registration and record to grain weight and the ratio of adjusting first-filial generation, also be convenient to the population of the same characteristic of preparation next time.
4, the method for selecting any other breeding objective or special population in basic population similarly.As select yellow maize or white maize etc.Basic population can constitute several, the population of tens of, hundreds of different qualities.
5, with the corresponding original first-filial generation of single-gene type in the basic population that constitutes population as the foundation of seed production and check.
Embodiment 2 diclinism crop-green cucumbers
One, experiment material:
No. two, 4 green cucumber kinds of this experimental selection Guangdong show, No. three, Guangdong show, blue or green No. two and early blue or green No. three hybridization early.
Two, basic population constructive method:
No. two, Guangdong show and blue or green No. three hybridization of early blue or green No. two hybridization, No. three, Guangdong show and morning, with the hybridization more at once of two first-filial generations, 400 seeds that obtain are all planted down altogether, obtain 400 individual plants, selection does very well and stable about 70 strains system, and wherein 20 as the male line group, and wherein 50 as the female series group, the basic population of forming 1000 hybrid combinations, each single-gene type hybrid combination numbering HGM1F1, HGM1F2 ..., HGM1F50...; HGM2F1...HGM2F50; ...; HGM20F1, HGM20F2...HGM20F50.
Three, population constitutes and the seed production method:
Through to the selection and the mensuration of basic population, select the single-gene type combination of following breeding time, plant height and solid colour, and observe definitely through field planting once more, constitute hybrid combination population JTHG, i.e. group's hybrid combination eggplant strain.Wherein comprise the single-gene type hybrid combination of following 16 basic populations.HGM1F5, HGM2F20 (better resistance), HGM4F7, HGM5F8, HGM6F17, HGM7F6, HGM8F48, HGM9F15 (better resistance), HGM10F26, HGM11F14, HGM12F7, HGM13F2, HGM15F36, HGM16F46, HGM17F16, HGM18F19 (better resistance).
The performance of population JTHG: first 102 days receipts phases.Plant height 75, long fruit type is than same level eggplant volume increase 15%.
The seed production method:
1, the production of hybrid seeds is closed in the independent breeding of above-mentioned 16 hybrid combinations choosing,, promptly form to produce and use seed then with the seed mixed in equal amounts; Perhaps according to female series and male line ratio mass seed production that population comprised.
2 if in more serious area plantation of disease, wish that resistance better can suitably increase the grain weight of the strain system of indicating better resistance.
3, can carry out the ratio adjustment of each single-gene type combination, female series, male line according to the characteristic of any needs, for the population characteristics that guarantees to provide is stablized, to the strain of adjusting is that grain weight and ratio should be done strict registration and record, also is convenient to the population of the same characteristic of preparation next time.
4, the method for selecting any other breeding objective or special population in basic population similarly.As select garden fruit type or grow fruit shape etc.Basic population can constitute several, the population of tens of, hundreds of different qualities, also claim group's combination.
5, with corresponding original female series and male line in the basic population that constitutes the hybrid combination population as production of hybrid seeds parent, produce each single-gene type combination seed, and with this foundation as seed production and check.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of crop hybrid combination population constitutes and the method for producing, it is characterized in that, with female series group and the mutual cross of male line faciation, produce various first-filial generations, form basic population, again according to the phenotype of each single-gene type hybrid combination, to meet breeding objective, the part single-gene type hybrid combination of neat and consistent mixes, promptly form the crop hybrid combination population that a plurality of first-filial generations are formed, the single-gene type hybrid combination of forming population is bred separately and the production of hybrid seeds, needs according to breeding objective mix single-gene type first-filial generation in proportion again, or carry out the mixed planting production of hybrid seeds according to female series and male line quantitative proportion, i.e. the production method of hybrid combination population.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the hybrid combination of described single-gene type is the first generation single-gene section bar material of various male lines and female series hybridization.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, is the male line and the female series first filial generation material composition basic population of purpose with various heterosis utilizations, and it is carried out qualitative and quantitative evaluation.
4, being used for the male line of basis of formation colony and female series parent can be 2-100000.
5, as the described method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, described crop be can cross pollination crop, diclinism crop.
6, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described cross pollinated plant is a corn.
7, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described diclinism crop is sponge gourd, joint melon, cucumber.
8, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, each the single-gene type hybrid combination in the basic population is carried out the measurement and the experience assessment of breeding objective and the desired principal character of uniformity.Then according to assessment result the population that is picked as of same type.Constitute dissimilar populations, the single-gene type hybrid combination that comprises in each population can be between 2-10000.
9, as the described method of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, the independent seminal propagation and the hybrid seed production of hybrid seeds are carried out in single-gene type hybrid combination in each population, carry out the proportioning of Different Cross Combinations then according to different proportion, form the seed production of producing with polygene type hybrid combination population.
10, as claim 1,2,3,4,8 and 9 described methods, it is characterized in that, the population kind that is used to produce at last contains 2-10000 different single-gene type hybrid combination, therefore can carry out the diversity detection of population inside by molecular labeling polymorphism method.
11, as the described method of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, to polygene type group combination offspring, select therefrom to select traditional single-gene type kind or vegetative propagation single-gene type kind or select new female series or male line by system.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101165187B (en) * | 2007-09-24 | 2011-05-11 | 李晓方 | Method for preventing transgene plant mutation caused by insect pests |
| CN103858747A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-18 | 长江大学 | Molecule designing and breeding method of plant backcross line population |
| CN104026000A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-10 | 河南农业大学 | Technical method for continuous improvement of corn single cross hybrid |
| CN104137762A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-12 | 李晓方 | Commercial population breeding method |
| CN105009951A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-04 | 大连民族大学 | Molecular design method for shinyleaf yellowhorn fertility forest management |
| CN111788634A (en) * | 2017-12-10 | 2020-10-16 | 孟山都技术公司 | Methods and systems for identifying hybrids for use in plant breeding |
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2005
- 2005-07-12 CN CN 200510035705 patent/CN1895028A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101165187B (en) * | 2007-09-24 | 2011-05-11 | 李晓方 | Method for preventing transgene plant mutation caused by insect pests |
| CN103858747A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-18 | 长江大学 | Molecule designing and breeding method of plant backcross line population |
| CN104137762A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-12 | 李晓方 | Commercial population breeding method |
| CN104026000A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-10 | 河南农业大学 | Technical method for continuous improvement of corn single cross hybrid |
| CN105009951A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-04 | 大连民族大学 | Molecular design method for shinyleaf yellowhorn fertility forest management |
| CN111788634A (en) * | 2017-12-10 | 2020-10-16 | 孟山都技术公司 | Methods and systems for identifying hybrids for use in plant breeding |
| US11627710B2 (en) | 2017-12-10 | 2023-04-18 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods and systems for identifying hybrids for use in plant breeding |
| CN111788634B (en) * | 2017-12-10 | 2024-03-26 | 孟山都技术公司 | Methods and systems for identifying hybrids for plant breeding |
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