CN1874131A - Low temperature current regulator in use for superconductive energy storage - Google Patents
Low temperature current regulator in use for superconductive energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN1874131A CN1874131A CN 200510011834 CN200510011834A CN1874131A CN 1874131 A CN1874131 A CN 1874131A CN 200510011834 CN200510011834 CN 200510011834 CN 200510011834 A CN200510011834 A CN 200510011834A CN 1874131 A CN1874131 A CN 1874131A
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Abstract
The current regulator is composed of unit of voltage (UV), unit of transformer (UT), and unit of current (UI). UV is a converter of voltage source with a DC sides as capacitor. UI is a converter of current source with DC side being connected to superconducting magnet. AC output side of the converter of voltage source is connected to primary side of transformer. AC output side of the converter of current source is connected to secondary side of transformer. The invention includes voltage lead type, and no lead type. Both current regulator and superconducting magnet are placed under low temperature in two types. In voltage lead type, only voltage lead is as interface for parts in normal temperature. In no lead type, electrical relation is realized through transformer and UV. Features are: reducing system size and loss at on state, raising efficiency etc. The invention lowers heat leak, and Joule heat in voltage lead type, and cancels negative influence brought by lead in no lead type.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low temperature current regulator that is used for superconducting energy storage.
Background technology
Zero resistance that superconduction has and the big characteristic of high-intensity magnetic field download stream ability make superconducting magnet obtain using widely, particularly are used to produce the large-scale magnet of high-intensity magnetic field in high-energy physics experiment.Superconducting magnet has almost replaced the conventional magnet that all volumes are big, power consumption is many; Simultaneously, along with the development of superconducting power technology, the commercialization abroad of particularly miniature superconducting energy storage is widely used in and improves the quality of power supply, raising stability of power system etc., and these all make superconducting magnet obtain unprecedented application.
The general running current of superconducting magnet is all in the kA level, and is a big inductance, and this has proposed new requirement to the current regulator that is used for superconducting energy storage.Charging and discharging currents is big, voltage is low, and charging/discharging voltage excursion stable and voltage is big, needs the switching frequency height simultaneously, power density is big and control performance good, these all are the basic demands that is used for the superconducting energy storage current regulator, require more urgent especially on the miniature superconducting energy storage of commercialization.
Superconducting energy storage current regulator commonly used at present all is the scheme that adopts each cover of charging/discharging apparatus.United States Patent (USP) Pub.No.US2002/0030952 " superconducting magnet charging method and device " for example, United States Patent (USP) 5,181,170 " superconducting magnet and electric supply installations thereof ".In the above-mentioned prior art: charging can be finished two functions: during stable state to superconducting magnet charging and to keep magnet current constant; Discharge equipment is that chopper is finished quick discharge function.The problem that exists is: discharging and recharging not only needs two complete equipments, and if charging device should keep that magnet current is constant finishes quick-charge function then capacity is very big again, as United States Patent (USP) 6,157,094 " superconducting magnet and electric supply installation thereof "; The US2002/0030952 that discharge equipment, Fig. 1 show " superconducting magnet charging method and device ", 10,11 is magnet part among the concrete structure figure, 19 is the magnet charge power supply, other parts are discharge portion, also are chopper, and it is directly converted to voltage with the electric current of superconducting magnet.It is directly cut magnet current by switch 22 and 23, this makes switching loss very big, and the condenser capacity that direct voltage 25 parts need is very big, thereby the exciting voltage of magnet is big, this is stable not only bad for magnet, and make the magnet A.C.power loss increase, improved the operating cost of magnet.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the shortcoming of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of current regulator that is used for superconducting energy storage, and it is made up of voltage cell, transformer unit and current unit three parts.Voltage cell is that a DC side is the voltage source converter of capacitor, and current unit is the current source converter (csc) of a direct current side joint superconducting magnet.Voltage source converter and current source converter (csc) all can adopt the form of full-bridge or all-wave.If adopt the form of full-bridge, it is formed in parallel by two brachium pontis.Each brachium pontis is in series by two switching tubes.The two ends of brachium pontis are the dc output end of converter, and the mid point of two brachium pontis is the ac output end of converter.If adopt the form of all-wave, then form by two switching tubes.The two ends series connection of two switching tubes, constitute an one dc output end, two ends constitute its ac output end in addition, are connected respectively to the two ends of transformer, the tapped transformer of transformer adopting band, the centre tap of transformer constitute wherein another one dc output end.The ac output end of voltage source converter links to each other with the former limit of transformer, and dc output end links to each other with capacitor; The ac output end of current source converter (csc) links to each other with the transformer secondary, and dc output end links to each other with superconducting magnet.Wherein transformer unit can be a common transformer, also can be the transformer that a side or both sides are all the band tap.If adopt the form of all-wave, then this side transformer must be with centre tap.
According to the difference of dividing included scope at low-temp. portion, current regulator of the present invention can be divided into two kinds of forms: 1, current feed formula: whole current regulator and superconducting magnet all place under the low temperature environment, only reserve current feed as with the interface of normal temperature device; 2, no lead type: the current unit of current regulator and superconducting magnet place under the low temperature environment, realize electrical link by transformer and voltage cell.
Current regulator of the present invention adopts the auxiliary electrical potential shift to discharge and recharge control mode mutually, make the impulse phase complementation of underarm on the bridge, and the pulse sequence of bridge diagonal arm homophase not by regulating the leading or lag time of bridge diagonal arm pulse, changes the pulsewidth of inverter output voltage; The auxiliary electromotive force that current unit provides by voltage cell, in the switching tube of two branch roads of current source converter (csc) the moment in commutation, give the switching tube triggering signal that to open branch road earlier, the switching tube of control voltage source converter then, make it on the former limit of transformer, to produce commutation voltage, after being folded to secondary since with the current opposite in direction that flows through the switching tube that will turn-off, flow through this branch current and reduce thereby make; Because identical, flow through this branch current and increase thereby make, by the time after flowing through the electric current of the switching tube that will turn-off and reducing to zero, turn-off this switching tube again with the sense of current that flows through the switching tube that to open.
The present invention not only can charge to magnet, the electric energy of storing in the magnet can also be discharged, and charging/discharging voltage is adjustable flexibly.Current unit electric current of the present invention is big but voltage is low, and voltage cell electric current and voltage are all little for contact capacity, this has not only reduced switching loss, can also improve switching frequency, thereby reduced the capacitor volume in the voltage cell greatly, dwindle the volume of transformer in the transformer unit, thereby improved power density and systematic function.
As a kind of low temperature current regulator, the present invention also has following two advantages:
1, will constitute power field effect transistor (the Power MOSFET), particularly its high tension apparatus of low temperature part, and be applied to liquid nitrogen temperature (77K), its on state resistance can drop to 1/10～1/30 under the room temperature, and frequency also can improve greatly.Thereby greatly reduce the on-state loss and the switching loss of this current regulator.
2, because the without hindrance characteristic of superconductor makes the electric current of superconducting magnet generally very big, so it is very big to connect the lead-in wire of magnet and converter, the leakage heat of bringing like this also has Joule heat to reduce system effectiveness.Low temperature current regulator provided by the invention except make the volume of system reduce, efficient improves, topmost advantage is little electric current, the big voltage output that big electric current, the small voltage of its change magnet is output as low temperature current regulator, the design difficulty of current feed reduces greatly like this, and its loss reduces greatly.If two windings of the high frequency transformer that adopts are in respectively under low temperature and the room temperature, that is to say a kind of high frequency transformer of mix temperature, shown in the empty frame among Fig. 1, the lead-in wire of low temperature current regulator just can thoroughly remove like this, realize no lead system, thereby completely abolished the negative effect that lead-in wire brings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of prior art U.S. Pat 2002/0030952.
Fig. 2 is the main line figure of current feed formula of the present invention.U
IBe current unit, U
TTransformer unit, U
VVoltage cell, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 and S8 are switch, and DC is a DC power supply, and LOAD is load, the C capacitor, the tapped transformer of T subcarrier band, * indication transformer end of the same name, L are superconducting magnet, I is a magnet current.
Fig. 3 is the main line figure of nothing lead-in wire form of the present invention.U
IBe current unit, U
TTransformer unit, U
VVoltage cell, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 and S8 are switching tube, and DC is a DC power supply, and LOAD is load, the C capacitor, the tapped transformer of T subcarrier band, * indication transformer end of the same name, L are superconducting magnet, the I magnet current.
Fig. 4 is the line map of the specific embodiment of current feed formula current regulator of the present invention.U
IBe current unit, U
TTransformer unit, U
VVoltage cell, T11, T12, T21, T22, T3, T4, T5, T6 are power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET).S1 and S2 are switch, and DC is a DC power supply, and LOAD is load, and C capacitor, T are the tapped transformer of subcarrier band, and * indication transformer end of the same name, L are superconducting magnet.Wherein current unit, transformer unit and the voltage cell except capacitor are in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.
Fig. 5 is the line map that the present invention does not have the specific embodiment of lead type current regulator.U
IBe current unit, U
TTransformer unit, U
VVoltage cell, T11, T12, T21, T22, T3, T4, T5, T6 are power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET).S1 and S2 are switch, and DC is a DC power supply, and LOAD is load, the C capacitor, and the tapped transformer of T subcarrier band, * indication transformer end of the same name, L are superconducting magnet.Wherein the electric current side of current unit and transformer is in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.
Fig. 6 is charge the mutually schematic diagram of control mode of the auxiliary electrical potential shift of current feed formula embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 does not have the schematic diagram of the auxiliary electrical potential shift phase discharge control mode of lead type embodiment for the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 2 is the main line figure with current feed formula of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, the present invention is by voltage cell U
V, transformer unit U
TWith current unit U
IThree parts are formed, voltage cell U
VBe the voltage source converter of a direct current side joint capacitor C, current unit U
IIt is the current source converter (csc) of a direct current side joint superconducting magnet.Voltage source converter is formed in parallel by two brachium pontis, and one of them brachium pontis is formed in switching tube S3, S5 series connection; S4, S6 are composed in series wherein another one brachium pontis.The two ends of brachium pontis constitute the dc output end of voltage source converter, and the mid point of two brachium pontis constitutes its ac output end.Current source converter (csc) is made of two switching tubes, is made up of two switching tube S1, S2.The two ends series connection of two switching tubes, constitute an one dc output end, two ends constitute its ac output end in addition, are connected respectively to the two ends of transformer T, transformer T adopts and is with tapped transformer, the centre tap of transformer T to constitute wherein another one dc output end.The ac output end of voltage source converter links to each other with the former limit of transformer T, and dc output end links to each other with capacitor C; The ac output end of current source converter (csc) links to each other with transformer T secondary, and dc output end links to each other with superconducting magnet L.Current unit U wherein
I, transformer unit U
TWith the voltage cell U except capacitor C
VIn low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.
Fig. 3 is the main line figure of nothing lead-in wire form of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, current unit U of the present invention
IWith the electric current side of transformer T in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.
The control mode of the low temperature current regulator of two kinds of forms of the present invention is identical.Be example with current feed formula shown in Figure 2 below, its auxiliary electrical gesture phase-shift control mode is explained.
Switch S 7 closures, when switch S 8 was opened, promptly current regulator linked to each other with DC power supply DC, and L charges to magnet.Specific as follows: the voltage cell U of current regulator
VDc terminal capacitor C link to each other with DC power supply DC, provide voltage or energy by DC power supply DC.When the switch S 3 that will form the voltage converter is respectively alternately cut-off with S6, S4 and S5, the interchange outlet side of voltage converter, the i.e. former limit L of transformer T
PBe ac square wave, the secondary of transformer T, promptly the two ends of secondary winding L 1, L2 are output as ac square wave, and this moment, switching tube S1, the S2 of electric current converter worked in rectification state, gave magnet L charging.The big I of magnet L two ends charging voltage is recently regulated with the duty of S6, S4 and S5 by the switch S 3 of regulation voltage converter.Logical relation is as follows: switching tube S3 and S6 closure, S4 and S5 open, the former limit L of transformer T
PBe output as the voltage of capacitor C, be positive voltage, this moment Closing Switch S1, the two ends of L1 be output as after the transformer transformation on the occasion of voltage, voltage direction determine that by end of the same name size is voltage/transformer voltage ratio of capacitor C, charges to magnet L.If open S3, closed S4, then transformer T primary current is by S4, S6 afterflow, the former limit L of transformer T
POutput voltage is zero, and the voltage at L2 two ends is therefore vanishing also, is zero thereby make magnet L both end voltage, and the electric current I of magnet L remains unchanged, and more than is the upper half of the action of switch S 3 and S6, S4 and S5; Connect half cycle, closed S5 opens S6, the former limit L of transformer T
PBe output as the reverse voltage of capacitor C, be negative voltage, this moment Closing Switch S2, the two ends of L2 are output as the negative value voltage after the transformer transformation, voltage direction is determined that by end of the same name size is voltage/transformer voltage ratio of capacitor C, and magnet L both end voltage is opposite with the direction of both ends of L2, equal and opposite in direction, its value is still for just.The voltage of capacitor C after the transformer transformation and the merchant of transformer voltage ratio, identical with switch S 3 with the upper half of the action of S6, S4 and S5, give magnet L charging; If open S4, closed S3, then transformer T primary current is by S3, S5 afterflow, the former limit L of transformer T
POutput voltage is zero, and the voltage at L2 two ends is therefore vanishing also, is zero thereby make magnet L both end voltage, and the electric current I of magnet L remains unchanged, and this is similar to the upper half of the action of S5 to S6, S4 to S3, is the lower half of switch S 3 with the action of S6, S4 and S5.By the relative phase shift of by-pass cock S3 and S4 and S5 and S6, the average voltage at scalable magnet L two ends, the i.e. charging voltage of flexible magnet L.
Switching tube S8 closure, when switching tube S7 opened, promptly current regulator linked to each other with load LOAD, and L discharges to magnet.Specific as follows: the voltage cell U of current regulator
VThe initial value of dc terminal capacitor C can be given by DC power supply DC.When the switch S 3 that will form the voltage converter is respectively cut-off with S6, S4 and S5, the interchange outlet side of voltage converter, the i.e. former limit L of transformer T
PBe ac square wave, the secondary of transformer, promptly the two ends of secondary winding L 1, L2 are output as ac square wave, and this moment, switch S 1, the S2 of electric current converter worked in inverter mode, gave magnet L discharge.If the electric current I direction of magnet L as shown in Figure 2.The switching logic relation is as follows: S1, S2 closure, superconducting magnet L electric current are by S1, S2 afterflow, and neither charging is not discharged yet.Switch S 3 and S6 closure, S4 and S5 open, the former limit L of transformer T
PBe output as the forward voltage of capacitor C, be positive voltage, the two ends of L1, L2 be output as after the transformer transformation on the occasion of voltage, the voltage direction of L2 with flow through its current opposite in direction, thereby the electric current that flows through S2 is reduced; The voltage of L1 is identical with the electric current that flows through it, thereby the electric current that flows through it is increased.Reduce to zero when the electric current of the S2 that flows through, open S2, thereby realized zero-current switching, and then switch S 3 is opened, the S4 closure, then transformer T primary current is by S4, S6 afterflow, the former limit L of transformer T
POutput voltage is zero, and the voltage at L2 two ends is therefore vanishing also, is zero thereby make magnet L both end voltage, and the electric current I of magnet L remains unchanged.And then making the S5 closure, S6 opens, the former limit L of transformer T
PBe output as the reverse voltage of capacitor C, be negative voltage, the two ends of L1 are output as negative value voltage after the transformer transformation, and (voltage direction is determined by end of the same name, size is voltage/transformer voltage ratio of capacitor C), that is to say magnet L both end voltage, it is opposite with the electric current I direction of magnet L, magnet L discharge.It more than is the upper half of the action of switch S 1 and S2, S3 and S6, S4 and S5; Connect half cycle, Closing Switch S2, the former limit L of transformer T
PBe output as the reverse voltage of capacitor C, be negative voltage, the two ends of L1, L2 are output as the negative value voltage after the transformer transformation, and the voltage direction of L2 is identical with the sense of current that flows through it, thereby the electric current that flows through S2 is increased; The voltage of L1 with flow through its opposite current, thereby the electric current that flows through S1 is reduced.Reduce to zero when the electric current of the S1 that flows through, open S1, thereby realized zero-current switching.Closed then S3 opens S4, and then transformer T primary current is by S3, S5 afterflow, the former limit L of transformer T
POutput voltage is zero, and the voltage at L2 two ends is therefore vanishing also, is zero thereby make magnet L both end voltage, and the electric current I of magnet L remains unchanged.And then S5 is opened, S6 closure, the former limit L of transformer T
PBe output as the forward voltage of capacitor C, be positive voltage, the two ends of L2 be output as after the transformer transformation on the occasion of voltage, voltage direction is identical with the direction of end decision of the same name, size is voltage/transformer voltage ratio of capacitor C, that is to say magnet L both end voltage, it is opposite with the electric current I direction of magnet L, magnet L discharge.It more than is the lower half of the action of switch S 1 and S2, S3 and S6, S4 and S5.By by-pass cock S1 and S2, the duty ratio in half cycle of S3 and S6 and S4 and S5, the average voltage at scalable magnet L two ends, the i.e. discharge voltage of flexible magnet L.
Fig. 4 is the line map of current feed formula embodiment of the present invention.The present invention is by current unit U
I, transformer unit U
T, with voltage cell U
VThree parts are formed.Transformer unit U
TTransformer T for the subcarrier band tap that links to each other with current unit.Voltage cell U
VConstitute by capacitor C and voltage source converter.Voltage source converter is formed in parallel by two brachium pontis.Power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET) T5 and T7 series connection constitute one of them brachium pontis, T6 and T8 series connection and constitute wherein another one brachium pontis.The two ends of two brachium pontis constitute its dc output end, and the mid point of two brachium pontis constitutes its ac output end.The ac output end of voltage source converter links to each other with the former limit of transformer T, and the dc output end of voltage source converter is in parallel with capacitor C; Current unit U
IIt is a current source converter (csc), its DC side one end is connected in the centre tap of transformer T, and the opposite side of the branch road that power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET) T11 that the other end is connected with two terminals up and down of transformer T respectively by a side and T12, T21 and T22 are composed in series in twos is formed by connecting jointly; The DC side of current source converter (csc) is connected with superconducting magnet L, and with the capacitor C of the DC side parallel of voltage source converter be connected in parallel by switch S 1 and DC power supply DC, switch S 2 and the load LOAD branch road of forming that is in series respectively.Wherein DC side DC is the controlled rectification bridge, and transformer T can be conventional transformer or superconducting transformer, switch S
1, S
2Can be solid-state switch or electric switch.Current unit U wherein
I, transformer unit U
TWith the voltage cell U except capacitor C
VIn low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.
Fig. 5 does not have the line map of lead type embodiment for the present invention.The present invention is by current unit U
I, transformer unit U
T, with voltage cell U
VThree parts are formed.Transformer unit U
TTransformer T for the subcarrier band tap that links to each other with current unit.Voltage cell U
VConstitute by capacitor C and voltage source converter.Voltage source converter is formed in parallel by two brachium pontis.Power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET) T5 and T7 series connection constitute one of them brachium pontis, T6 and T8 series connection and constitute wherein another one brachium pontis.The two ends of two brachium pontis constitute its dc output end, and the mid point of two brachium pontis constitutes its ac output end.The ac output end of voltage source converter links to each other with the former limit of transformer T, and the dc output end of voltage source converter is in parallel with capacitor C; Current unit U
IIt is a current source converter (csc), its DC side one end is connected in the centre tap of transformer T, and the opposite side of the branch road that power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET) T11 that the other end is connected with two terminals up and down of transformer T respectively by a side and T12, T21 and T22 are composed in series in twos is formed by connecting jointly; The DC side of current source converter (csc) is connected with superconducting magnet L, and with the capacitor C of the DC side parallel of voltage source converter be connected in parallel by switch S 1 and DC power supply DC, switch S 2 and the load LOAD branch road of forming that is in series respectively.Wherein DC side DC is the controlled rectification bridge, power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET) T11, T12, T21, T22, T5, T6, T7 and T8 can also be gate level turn-off thyristor GTO, insulation gate pole bipolar transistor IGBT, other active electric power electronic device or superconducting switch, transformer T can be conventional transformer or superconducting transformer, switch S
1, S
2Can be solid-state switch or electric switch.Wherein the electric current side of current unit and transformer is in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.
Fig. 6 is a current feed formula example charging control mode schematic diagram of the present invention, and the action logic as example explanation switching device concerns below: switch S 1 closure, when switch S 2 was opened, L charged to magnet.MOSFET T12, T22, permanent closed when charging carry out synchronous rectification by T11, T21.The MOSFET T5 and the T7 angle of flow differ 180 °, a bit of dead band that is separated by, centre.MOSFET T8 and T6 also differ 180 °, a bit of dead band that is separated by, centre.T5 and T7 are leading-bridge, and T8 and T6 are lagging leg.If MOSFET T5 and T8 closure, T6 and T7 open, the former limit winding of transformer T is output as the voltage of capacitor C1, be positive voltage, the two ends of transformer T secondary be output as after the transformer transformation on the occasion of voltage, voltage direction is determined that by end of the same name size is voltage/transformer voltage ratio of capacitor C1, gives magnet L charging.After charging a period of time, if T5 opens the T7 closure, T6, the state of T8 is constant, and then transformer T primary current is by the inverse parallel diode continuousing flow of T8 and T7, the output voltage of the former limit winding of transformer T is zero, the also vanishing of the voltage of secondary winding, and superconducting magnet L neither charges and does not also discharge.After afterflow a period of time, trigger T21, open T8 then, transformer T primary current is by the inverse parallel diode continuousing flow of T6 and T7, the two ends of transformer T secondary are output as the negative value voltage after the transformer transformation, and voltage direction is determined that by end of the same name size is voltage/transformer voltage ratio of capacitor C1, T21, that T22 bears forward voltage is open-minded, and electric current increases gradually; T11, T12 bear reverse voltage, and electric current reduces gradually.When primary current reduced to zero, the size of current that two direct currents flow through was identical.This moment closed T6, T6 has realized zero current turning-on, at this moment the electric current on the former limit of transformer T increases gradually by T6, T7, the voltage of transformer T secondary two ends output still is negative value voltage, the electric current that flows through T21, T22 continue to increase, and the electric current of T11, T12 continues to reduce, when the electric current that flows through as T11, T12 reduces to zero, remove the triggering signal of T11, T11 has realized zero-current switching.It more than is the action upper half of MOSFET T5, T6, T7, T8; Connect the sequential of half cycle, have no progeny when T11 closes, because the two ends of transformer T secondary output piezoelectric voltage direction is constant, the electric current that flows through T21, T22 continues to increase, and gives magnet L charging.After charging a period of time, if T7 opens the T5 closure, T6, the state of T8 is constant, and then transformer T primary current is by the inverse parallel diode continuousing flow of T6 and T5, the output voltage of the former limit winding of transformer T is zero, the also vanishing of the voltage of secondary winding, and superconducting magnet L neither charges and does not also discharge.After afterflow a period of time, trigger T11, open T6 then, transformer T primary current is by the inverse parallel diode continuousing flow of T5 and T8, the two ends of transformer T secondary be output as after the transformer transformation on the occasion of voltage, voltage direction is determined that by end of the same name size is voltage/transformer voltage ratio of capacitor C1, T11, that T12 bears forward voltage is open-minded, and electric current increases gradually; T21, T22 bear reverse voltage, and electric current reduces gradually.When primary current reduced to zero, the size of current that two direct currents flow through was identical.This moment closed T8, T8 has realized zero current turning-on, at this moment the electric current on the former limit of transformer increases gradually by T5, T8, the voltage of transformer T secondary two ends output still is on the occasion of voltage, the electric current that flows through T11, T12 continue to increase, and the electric current of T21, T22 continues to reduce, when the electric current that flows through as T21, T22 reduces to zero, remove the triggering signal of T21, T21 has realized zero-current switching.It more than is the action lower half of MOSFET T5, T6, T7, T8.
Fig. 7 is a current feed formula embodiment discharge control mode schematic diagram of the present invention, and the action logic as example explanation switching device concerns below: switch S 2 closures, when switch S 1 was opened, L discharged to magnet.If the electric current I direction of magnet L as shown in Figure 1, if MOSFET T5 and T8 closure, T6 and T7 open, and the former limit of transformer T is output as the voltage of capacitor C, be positive voltage, this moment T21, T22 closure, T11, T12 open, the T secondary be output as after the transformer transformation (voltage direction is determined by end of the same name on the occasion of voltage, size is voltage/transformer voltage ratio of capacitor C), that is to say magnet L both end voltage, it is opposite with the electric current I direction of magnet L, magnet L discharge.After discharge a period of time, trigger T11, T12, because the transformer secondary is output as positive voltage, this voltage increases the electric current that flows through T12, T12, the electric current of T21, T22 reduces, after the electric current of T21, T22 reduces to zero, open T21, thereby T22 has realized zero-current switching, have no progeny and open T5 in the pass, closed T7, transformer T primary current are by the inverse parallel diode continuousing flow of T8 and T7, and the output voltage of the former limit winding of transformer T is zero, the also vanishing of the voltage of secondary winding, superconducting magnet L neither charges and does not also discharge.It more than is the upper half of the action of MOSFET T5, T6, T7, T8; Connect the sequential of half cycle, after afterflow a period of time, closed T6 opens T8, and the former limit of transformer T is output as the reverse voltage of capacitor C, be negative voltage, the voltage direction of transformer T secondary is determined that by end of the same name size is voltage/transformer voltage ratio of capacitor C, and voltage direction is opposite with the direction of end decision of the same name, also the electric current I direction with magnet L is opposite, magnet L discharge.After this, trigger T21, T22, the negative value voltage of the two ends output of transformer T secondary increases the electric current that flows through T21, T22, the electric current of T11, T12 reduces, when the electric current of T11, T12 reduces to zero fully, turn-off T11, T12, thereby realized the shutoff of zero current, have no progeny and open T7 in the pass, closed T5, transformer T primary current are by the inverse parallel diode continuousing flow of T6 and T5, and the output voltage of the former limit winding of transformer T is zero, the also vanishing of the voltage of secondary winding, superconducting magnet L neither charges and does not also discharge.It more than is the lower half of the action of MOSFET T5, T6, T7, T8.
It is identical that the present invention does not have control mode and the current feed formula embodiment of lead type embodiment.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of low temperature current regulator that is used for superconducting energy storage is characterized in that it is by voltage cell [U
V], transformer unit [U
T] and current unit [U
I] three parts composition, voltage cell [U
V] be that a DC side is the voltage source converter of capacitor [C], current unit [U
I] be the current source converter (csc) of a direct current side joint superconducting magnet [L]; The interchange outlet side of voltage source converter links to each other with the former limit of transformer [T], and the interchange outlet side of current source converter (csc) links to each other with transformer [T] secondary; Voltage source converter and current source converter (csc) all can adopt the form of full-bridge or all-wave: if adopt the form of full-bridge, converter is formed in parallel by two brachium pontis, each brachium pontis is in series by two switching tubes, the two ends of brachium pontis are the dc output end of converter, and the mid point of two brachium pontis is the ac output end of converter; If adopt the form of all-wave, then form by two switching tubes, the two ends series connection of two switching tubes, a dc output end of formation converter, two ends constitute its ac output end in addition, are connected respectively to the two ends of transformer [T]; Transformer [T] adopts is with tapped transformer, and tap constitutes wherein another one dc output end in the middle of it; The ac output end of voltage source converter links to each other with the former limit of transformer, and dc output end links to each other with capacitor [C]; The ac output end of current source converter (csc) links to each other with transformer [T] secondary, and dc output end links to each other with superconducting magnet [L]; Transformer unit [U wherein
V] can be common transformer, also can be the transformer that a side or both sides are all the band tap; If adopt the form of all-wave, then this side transformer band centre tap.
2, according to the described low temperature current regulator that is used for superconducting energy storage of claim 1, it is characterized in that transformer unit [U
T] be the transformer of the subcarrier band tap that links to each other with current unit; Voltage cell [U
V] be that a DC side is a capacitor [C] and two brachium pontis of the voltage source converter that is composed in series in twos by power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET) [T5] and [T7], [T6] and [T8] respectively compose in parallel, the mid point of two brachium pontis, i.e. the interchange output of voltage source converter links to each other with the former limit of transformer [T]; Current unit [U
I] be a current source converter (csc), its DC side one end is connected in the centre tap of transformer [T], and the opposite side of the branch road that the power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET) [T11] that the other end is connected with two terminals up and down of transformer [T] respectively by a side and diode [T12], [T21] and [T22] are composed in series in twos is formed by connecting jointly; The DC side of current source converter (csc) is connected with superconducting magnet [L], and the dc bus capacitor device [C] of voltage source converter be connected in parallel by switch [S1] and DC power supply [DC], switch [S2] and load [LOAD] branch road of forming that is in series respectively.
3, according to claim 1 or the 2 described current regulators that are used for superconducting energy storage, the DC side [DC] that it is characterized in that its voltage source converter is the controlled rectification bridge, transformer [T] can be conventional transformer or superconducting transformer, and switching tube [S1], [S2] can be solid-state switch or electric switch; Power field effect transistor (Power MOSFET) [T11], [T12], [T21], [T22], [T5], [T6], [T7] can also be gate level turn-off thyristor GTO, insulation gate pole bipolar transistor IGBT, other active electric power electronic device or superconducting switch with [T8].
4, according to claim 1 or the 2 described low temperature current regulators that are used for superconducting energy storage, it is characterized in that whole current regulator and superconducting magnet [L] all can place under the low temperature environment, only reserve voltage lead as with the current feed formula of the interface of normal temperature device, or current regulator [U
I] current unit and superconducting magnet [L] place under the low temperature, realize the no lead type of electrical link by transformer and voltage cell.
5, according to claim 1 or the 2 described low temperature current regulators that are used for superconducting energy storage, it is characterized in that described voltage cell [U
V] adopt the phase shifting control Current Regulation its discharge and recharge control mode, make the impulse phase complementation of underarm on the bridge, and the pulse sequence of bridge diagonal arm homophase not by regulating the leading or lag time of bridge diagonal arm pulse, changes the pulsewidth of inverter output voltage; Current unit [U
I] by voltage cell [U
V] the auxiliary electromotive force that provides, in the switching tube of two branch roads of current source converter (csc) the moment in commutation, give the switching tube triggering signal that to open branch road earlier, the switching tube of control voltage source converter then, make it on the former limit of transformer [T], to produce commutation voltage, after being folded to secondary since with the current opposite in direction that flows through the switching tube that will turn-off, flow through this branch current and reduce thereby make; Because identical, flow through this branch current and increase thereby make, by the time after flowing through the electric current of the switching tube that will turn-off and reducing to zero, turn-off this switching tube again with the sense of current that flows through the switching tube that to open.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100118343A CN100527582C (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2005-06-01 | Low temperature current regulator in use for superconductive energy storage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100118343A CN100527582C (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2005-06-01 | Low temperature current regulator in use for superconductive energy storage |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1874131A true CN1874131A (en) | 2006-12-06 |
| CN100527582C CN100527582C (en) | 2009-08-12 |
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| CNB2005100118343A Expired - Fee Related CN100527582C (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2005-06-01 | Low temperature current regulator in use for superconductive energy storage |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102570626A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-07-11 | 富士电机株式会社 | Contactless power transfer system and control method thereof |
| CN110224598A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-10 | 湖南大学 | High reliability constant-current source circuit topology and its control method |
| WO2020143764A1 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-16 | 上海交通大学 | Energy conversion device having low-temperature coil |
| CN113839435A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-12-24 | 上海交通大学 | Pulse type superconducting magnet charging and magnetic supplementing circuit |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10065400C2 (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2003-08-14 | Siemens Ag | Flow pump with high temperature superconductor and thus operated superconducting electromagnet |
| CN100440701C (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2008-12-03 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A current regulator for charging and discharging of superconducting magnet |
-
2005
- 2005-06-01 CN CNB2005100118343A patent/CN100527582C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102570626A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-07-11 | 富士电机株式会社 | Contactless power transfer system and control method thereof |
| WO2020143764A1 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-16 | 上海交通大学 | Energy conversion device having low-temperature coil |
| CN111431406A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-17 | 上海交通大学 | Energy conversion device with low-temperature coil |
| CN111431290A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-17 | 上海交通大学 | Energy feed conversion device with low-temperature coil |
| CN110224598A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-10 | 湖南大学 | High reliability constant-current source circuit topology and its control method |
| CN110224598B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-12-11 | 湖南大学 | High-reliability constant current source circuit topology and control method thereof |
| CN113839435A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-12-24 | 上海交通大学 | Pulse type superconducting magnet charging and magnetic supplementing circuit |
| US11871683B2 (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2024-01-09 | Shanghai Jiao Tong University | Charging and field supplement circuit for superconducting magnets based on pulsed current |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100527582C (en) | 2009-08-12 |
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