CN1873285A - Method and equipment for enriching and storing and transporting coalbed gas by using hydrate - Google Patents
Method and equipment for enriching and storing and transporting coalbed gas by using hydrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN1873285A CN1873285A CN 200510073346 CN200510073346A CN1873285A CN 1873285 A CN1873285 A CN 1873285A CN 200510073346 CN200510073346 CN 200510073346 CN 200510073346 A CN200510073346 A CN 200510073346A CN 1873285 A CN1873285 A CN 1873285A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method capable of utilizing hydrate to make concentration, storage of utilizing hydrate to make concentration, storage and transportation of coal-bed gas and its equipment. Said method is characterized by that it utilizes the difference of distribution coefficient of methane (CH4) and other component in the coal-bed gas in gas phase and hydrate phase, and utilizes the control of generation condition of hydrate to make the methane (CH4) in coal-bed gas be concentrated in hydrate phase, then the generated pasty or solid hydrate can be directly used for storage and transportation of coal-bed gas, also can be decomposed, then it adopts the form of compressed gas to make storage and transportion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention proposes a kind of method and device that utilizes hydrate to carry out coal-seam gas enrichment and accumulating.
Technical background
Coal-seam gas be a kind of based on adsorbed state, generate and be stored in the unconventional rock gas in the coal measure strata, its composition and conventional gas are basic identical, and (main component is CH
4, also contain N
2, CO
2Deng composition, coal-seam gas is because of the kind difference, and each component content has certain variation), can mix with conventional gas fully and fail, use with, can be used as high-grade energy and the industrial chemicals equal with conventional gas.According to the latest round of evaluation, the land buried depth of China is 31.46 tcms with shallow coal bed gas resource amount for 2000 meters, is equivalent to 45,000,000,000 tons of mark coals or 31,000,000,000 tons of oil.Develop this high-quality clear energy sources, can optimize the energy resource structure of China to a certain extent, improve the Safety of Coal Mine Production condition, reduce greenhouse gas emission and protection atmosphere environment.Compare with conventional gas, the coal-seam gas distribution area is wide, and air pressure is lower, has the difficult problem that gas output per well is low, life cycle is short, and the economic conveying method that compiles is not arranged as yet, and the difficulty of large scale mining is higher.In addition, the part coal-seam gas is because of N
2, CO
2Content is higher, and calorific value is on the low side, needs enrichment to improve its value.
Hydrate is micro-molecular gas (N
2, CO
2, CH
4, C
2H
6, C
3H
8Deng) and a kind of clathrate that is the class ice crystal of under certain temperature, pressure condition, forming of water.It is a kind of desirable solid solution, and the theoretical gas storage capability of hydrate is 1: 164, and promptly under standard conditions, 1 per unit volume gas hydrates can hold the rock gas of 164 times of volumes, and energy density is higher.Under the same conditions, gas with various by the formation condition of control hydrate, can be realized the separation of component in the mixed gas because of forming the trend difference of hydrate.Utilize the gas storage characteristics of hydrate and the separating power of mixed gas is carried out gas storage and transportation and gas separation has been subjected to extensive concern.At present, the accumulating of hydrate gas or the gas separation of existing reported in literature are mainly used in rock gas and refinery gas, and the technology of utilizing hydrate to carry out coal-seam gas enrichment and accumulating still is not reported.
Under identical temperature, pressure condition, in the main component of coal-seam gas, N
2The most difficult formation hydrate, CH
4And CO
2The ability of formation hydrate is close and formation condition is comparatively gentle, as shown in Figure 1.Contained CO in the coal-seam gas
2, H
2Sour gas such as S can adopt the sour gas wash mill to be removed.Given this, the present invention proposes a kind of method and device that utilizes hydrate to carry out coal-seam gas enrichment and accumulating.
Calculate for simplification, all suppose coal-seam gas among specification of the present invention and the embodiment through pressurization washing processing, the gas that enters the hydrate generation system is CH
4And N
2Mixed gas.Different pressures, under the condition of different temperatures, CH
4And N
2The gas phase of mixed gas-hydrate phase balance constitutional diagram is shown in accompanying drawing 2.Accompanying drawing 2 shows.Hydrate is to the CH in the coal-seam gas
4And N
2Component shows good concentration effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device that utilizes hydrate to carry out coal-seam gas enrichment and accumulating, its conceptual flow chart as shown in Figure 3.The invention is characterized in the gas compression-expansion system that utilizes the heat pump principle design, (temperature that control generates hydrate is 260～285K, and pressure is 2～10MPa) for the hydrate generation system of 3 towers series connection and comparatively gentle operational condition.
Wherein, gas compression-expansion system is made up of multiple compressors, heat exchanger, pressurized water cleaning device, water separator, the expansion turbine of separate unit or coaxial series connection.Heat exchanger is set to reduce gas temperature between per two compressors, reclaims the other parts of heat water supply compound generating apparatus and use.Above equipment is standard equipment, can be according to the concrete type selecting of design during enforcement.
When this gas compression-expansion system adopts three grades of compressions, can realize 27 times of isothermal pressurizations to coal-seam gas.In general, the well head pressure of coal-seam gas is 0.2～0.6MPa, and the coal-seam gas pressure after the compression can reach 5.4～16.2MPa, by regulating expansion ratio, can realize hydrate is generated the adjusting and the control of temperature and pressure in the tower.If the well head pressure of coal-seam gas is higher, can require corresponding minimizing number of compression stages according to pressure.
The hydrate generation system is made up of hydrate generation tower 1, tower 2, the tower 3 of 3 series connection, and working state is respectively hydrate and generates attitude, middle cooling attitude, attitude to be unloaded.The low temperature coal-seam gas that gas compression-expansion system produces enters tower 1 from the bottom, regulate and the control hydrate generates the pressure of tower, makes it to be higher than the balance pressure that hydrate generates the temperature correspondence, and gas contact the generation hydrate with water in uphill process.The gas that does not generate hydrate enters tower 2 through pipeline from the bottom after discharge at tower 1 top, the water in the tower 2 is tentatively cooled off, and makes gas further generate hydrate simultaneously, with N
2For the residual exhaust of main component is discharged from tower 2 tops.Part tail gas returns the hydrate generation system again as returning gas after third level compressor pressurizes, and part tail gas can be used as fuel.After hydrate in the tower 1 generated fully, the working state of tower 1 generated attitude from hydrate and switches to attitude to be unloaded.Tower 2 switches to hydrate and generates attitude, cooling attitude in the middle of tower 3 switches to.So design helps making full use of the cold in the low temperature coal-seam gas.
For promoting coal-seam gas to generate hydrate, hydrate is generated tower carried out particular design (as shown in Figure 3): (1) generates tower with dividing plate (or silk screen) with hydrate and is separated into several tower chambers; When (2) adopting dividing plate, each tower chamber can be used as an independently hydrate generation unit, each tower chamber interconnects by the bubble-cap that is provided with on the dividing plate, the setting that can determine dividing plate according to the gas treatment amount and the operation pressure of single tower, and the design of dividing plate can be with reference to the common tower equipment of chemical industry; (3) adopting the purpose of silk screen is constantly to disperse bubble, improves gas-liquid and conducts heat and mass-transfer efficiency; (4) hydrate generates tower outer installment cooling coil, provides additional cold for generating hydrate; (5) decompose the hydrate generated if desired in tower, can generate at hydrate and set up heating coil in the tower, the heat that gas compression-expansion system is reclaimed is used for the decomposition of hydrate.
It is as follows that hydrate generates each tower chamber filling working state and operating process after the water of cooling cooling of tower.1. hydrate generates attitude: the low temperature coal-seam gas generates tower bottom from hydrate and enters tower chamber a, and from bottom to top one by one by each layer dividing plate (or silk screen), the gas that does not generate hydrate is after cat head is discharged, and another hydrate that enters the cooling attitude that mediates generates tower.After slurry attitude or solid water compound generate and finish among a of tower chamber, switch the coal-seam gas air intake valve, make it to enter from the bottom of tower chamber b.Other tower chambers (c, d, e ...) all by this operation.After whole towers chamber is full of hydrate, close whole air intake valves, working state switches to attitude to be unloaded.As required, can carry out decomposition of hydrate or unloading operation.Go into that the tower coal-seam gas enters from bottom, each tower chamber and, when strengthening the gas-liquid contact, prolonged the time of contact of gas and water, can improve the generating rate of hydrate by gas agitation through the distribution of bubble-cap.For promoting the generation of hydrate, also can select patent 01130135.X, 00130866.1 described promoter for use.Hydrate generates and need not in the tower to adopt the mechanical agitation measure that strengthens the gas-liquid contact, can make the designs simplification of tower.
2. middle cooling attitude: generate cryogenic gas that the cat head of tower discharges from hydrate and at the bottom of tower, enter and, the water temperature in each tower chamber is reduced gradually successively by each tower chamber.If temperature still can not reach the requirement that generates hydrate, can in cooling coil, feed cooling medium and further lower the temperature.After reaching the temperature conditions that generates the hydrate requirement, working state can be switched to hydrate and generate attitude, feed coal-seam gas and carry out the hydrate generating run.
3. attitude to be unloaded: if carry out the coal-seam gas transportation with the hydrate form, available backup water platform thing generates the tower replacement and is in the hydrate generation tower of waiting to unload attitude.If carry out coal-seam gas transportation with the pressurized gas form, can in heating coil, feed heat medium and reduce pressure, make the coal-seam gas after decomposition of hydrate is separated out enrichment, the gas cylinder of packing into transports.
If the single-stage coal-seam gas enrichment process that the series connection of 3 towers constitutes still can not reach the requirement of enrichment, then multistage enrichment can be set, after the hydrate of upper level enrichment process generation is resolved, enter the next stage enrichment process, to improve CH in the coal-seam gas
4Enrichment degree.The progression that the coal-seam gas enrichment system is provided with is the CH shown in 4 with reference to the accompanying drawings
4-N
2The equilibrium composition figure of mixed gas gas phase-hydrate phase determines.
In addition, need to prove that the sour gas wash mill that is provided with among the present invention is the pressurized water cleaning device, use this method can be contained CO in the coal-seam gas
2, H
2The content of sour gas such as S is reduced to below 1%.The valve that relates in the notion flow process of the present invention is two way valve, can switch between two different pipelines according to different requirements.
At the characteristics that coal-seam gas is produced, the present invention can be designed to be fit to the vehicle-mounted or boat-carrying movement system of different coal gas output.If transport with the hydrate form, many groups hydrate in parallel then can be set on vehicle-mounted or boat-carrying platform generate towers, treat that whole hydrates generate fully after, be transported to that processing center focuses on or packing.If transport with the pressurized gas form, can be configured to hydrate generation system+gas cylinder transport vehicle, connect coal bed gas well and user by the gas cylinder transport vehicle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 CH
4, CO
2, N
2, H
2Temperature of equilibrium-the tonogram of S hydrate
CH under Fig. 2 different pressures
4(1)-N
2(2) equilibrium composition-hygrogram of mixed gas gas phase-hydrate phase
The hydrate that utilizes of Fig. 3 the present invention design carries out the conceptual flow chart of coal-seam gas enrichment and accumulating
Fig. 4 CH
4(1)-N
2(2) the equilibrium composition figure (P=3MPa) of mixed gas gas phase-hydrate phase
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is for to be used for CH with the present invention
4Coal-seam gas (the CH that content is higher
485%, CO
25%, N
210%), uses pure water to be medium, calculate, suppose that the pressurized water cleaning device is with CO for simplifying
2All remove, it is 273K that the control hydrate generates temperature, and generation pressure is 3MPa.Can obtain by accompanying drawing 2 that the present invention sees following table for details to the single-stage concentration effect of coal-seam gas under this operational condition.
| Gas componant | Coal-seam gas is formed, % (V/V) | |||
| Treat enrichment | After the pressurization washing | After the enrichment | Tail gas | |
| CH 4 CO 2 N 2 | 85 5 10 | 89.5 0 10.5 | 95.0 0 5.0 | 82.0 0 18.0 |
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is for to be used for CH with the present invention
4Coal-seam gas (the CH that content is lower
465%, CO
25%, N
230%), uses pure water to be medium, calculate, suppose that the pressurized water cleaning device is with CO for simplifying
2All remove, it is 273K that the control hydrate generates temperature, and generation pressure is 4MPa.Can obtain by accompanying drawing 2 that the present invention sees following table for details to the single-stage concentration effect of coal-seam gas under this operational condition.
| Gas componant | Coal-seam gas is formed, % (V/V) | |||
| Treat enrichment | After the pressurization washing | After the enrichment | Tail gas | |
| CH 4 CO 2 N 2 | 65 5 30 | 68.4 0 31.6 | 83.0 0 17.0 | 50.0 0 50.0 |
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is for to be used for CO with the present invention
2Coal-seam gas (the CH that content is higher
465%, CO
215%, N
220%), uses pure water to be medium, calculate, suppose that the pressurized water cleaning device is with CO for simplifying
2All remove, it is 277K that the control hydrate generates temperature, and generation pressure is 5MPa.Can obtain by accompanying drawing 2 that the present invention sees following table for details to the single-stage concentration effect of coal-seam gas under this operational condition.
| Gas componant | Coal-seam gas is formed, % (V/V) | |||
| Treat enrichment | After the pressurization washing | After the enrichment | Tail gas | |
| CH 4 CO 2 N 2 | 65 15 20 | 76.5 0 23.5 | 91.5 0 8.5 | 72.0 0 28.0 |
Embodiment 4
Present embodiment is for to be used for CH with the present invention
4Coal-seam gas (the CH that content is lower
450%, N
250%), use pure water to be medium, it is 3MPa that the control hydrate generates pressure, regulates generating temperature, adopts 2 grades of enrichment operations, can obtain the present invention by accompanying drawing 4 and can make CH in the coal-seam gas
4Content is enriched to more than 90% (V/V).
Claims (8)
1. a method of utilizing hydrate to carry out coal-seam gas enrichment and accumulating is characterized in that making the methane (CH in the coal-seam gas by the formation condition of control hydrate
4) in the hydrate generating apparatus with the form of hydrate by enrichment, the nitrogen (N in the coal-seam gas
2) separated with the form of gas, if sour gas (CO in the coal-seam gas
2, H
2S etc.) content is higher, then the sour gas wash mill need be set, and can select standard configuration pressurized water cleaning device for use.
2. the formation condition of hydrate described in the claim 1 is characterized in that it is 260～285K that control generates hydrate generation temperature, and generation pressure is 2～10MPa.
3. the generating apparatus of hydrate described in the claim 1 is characterized in that the gas compression-expansion system and the hydrate generation system that are provided with.
4. gas compression-expansion system described in the claim 3 is characterized in that the heat pump that single-stage or multistage compression one-level expand and constitute, and each compressor chamber is provided with the heat exchanger recovery waste heat.
5. the generation system of hydrate described in the claim 3 is characterized in that 3 hydrates generate the Placement and the switching method thereof of tower.
6. hydrate described in the claim 5 generates tower, it is characterized in that hydrate generates the particular design of tower.
7. coal-seam gas enrichment and conveying method described in the claim 1,2,3,4,5,6, it is characterized in that this method can be configured according to the coal-seam gas gas output per well, when gas production is low, the expansion turbine of the desirable body compression-expansion system of cooling down, generating hydrate institute chilling requirement can all be provided by the outer chiller plant that is provided with of hydrate generation tower, can select the standard configuration refrigeration plant for use.
8. hydrate generating apparatus described in the claim 1,2,3,4,5,6 also can be used for the enrichment and the accumulating of light hydrocarbon component in rock gas, refinery gas, the coke-stove gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510073346 CN1873285A (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2005-06-02 | Method and equipment for enriching and storing and transporting coalbed gas by using hydrate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510073346 CN1873285A (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2005-06-02 | Method and equipment for enriching and storing and transporting coalbed gas by using hydrate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1873285A true CN1873285A (en) | 2006-12-06 |
Family
ID=37483840
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510073346 Pending CN1873285A (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2005-06-02 | Method and equipment for enriching and storing and transporting coalbed gas by using hydrate |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101530719B (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2011-11-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for low-pressure processing of coal bed gas |
| CN103160351A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-06-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Method and device for recovering methane in low-concentration coal bed gas by using hydrate method |
| CN103881775A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-25 | 安徽理工大学 | Preparation and energy recycling system of coal-bed gas hydrate |
| CN106917956A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-04 | 黑龙江科技大学 | The continuous hydration curing of coal bed gas and integrated transit-inventory devices and methods therefor |
| CN107903969A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-13 | 常州大学 | A kind of device that methane in mixed empty coal bed gas is continuously separated using hydrate |
| CN109762615A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-17 | 黑龙江科技大学 | A kind of double kettle circulating mash gas hydration multi-stage separation purification recyclable device and method |
| CN109847555A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-06-07 | 常州大学 | A kind of device and method based on multiple gases in hydrate recycling catalysis drying gas |
| CN110887270A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-03-17 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Multistage utilization system and method for waste heat of air compressor |
| CN111188993A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-05-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Recovery system for emptying natural gas of gas gathering station |
| CN111188992A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-05-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Recovery method for vent natural gas of gas gathering station |
-
2005
- 2005-06-02 CN CN 200510073346 patent/CN1873285A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101530719B (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2011-11-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for low-pressure processing of coal bed gas |
| CN103160351A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-06-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Method and device for recovering methane in low-concentration coal bed gas by using hydrate method |
| CN103881775A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-25 | 安徽理工大学 | Preparation and energy recycling system of coal-bed gas hydrate |
| CN103881775B (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2016-01-06 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of preparation of coalbed methane hydrate dissociation and energy-recuperation system |
| CN106917956B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-11-13 | 黑龙江科技大学 | The continuous hydration curing of coal bed gas and integrated transit-inventory devices and methods therefor |
| CN106917956A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-04 | 黑龙江科技大学 | The continuous hydration curing of coal bed gas and integrated transit-inventory devices and methods therefor |
| CN107903969A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-13 | 常州大学 | A kind of device that methane in mixed empty coal bed gas is continuously separated using hydrate |
| CN111188993A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-05-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Recovery system for emptying natural gas of gas gathering station |
| CN111188992A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-05-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Recovery method for vent natural gas of gas gathering station |
| CN111188992B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2022-03-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Recovery method for vent natural gas of gas gathering station |
| CN109847555A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-06-07 | 常州大学 | A kind of device and method based on multiple gases in hydrate recycling catalysis drying gas |
| CN109762615A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-17 | 黑龙江科技大学 | A kind of double kettle circulating mash gas hydration multi-stage separation purification recyclable device and method |
| CN114456863A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-05-10 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Double-kettle circulating gas hydration multistage separation, purification and recovery device and method |
| CN110887270A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-03-17 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Multistage utilization system and method for waste heat of air compressor |
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