CN1854547A

CN1854547A - Self-lubricating friction-reducing bearing of multiple ionic mixed injection

Info

Publication number: CN1854547A
Application number: CN 200510105222
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁晓纪; 王平; 刘安东; 周宏余; 陆挺; 米娜娃·马木提
Original assignee: Beijing Normal University
Current assignee: Beijing Normal University
Priority date: 2004-12-22
Filing date: 2005-09-27
Publication date: 2006-11-01
Anticipated expiration: 2025-09-27
Also published as: CN100494709C

Abstract

There is disclosed a method of extracting mixed-ion beams and implanting them to the surface of the metallic material using MEVVA source ions. In the mixed-ion implantation, the internal surface of the bearing ring is treated by ion implantation by ionizing and machining at the same time of one or more metallic elements and nonmetallic elements to mixed-ion beams. The mixed-ion implantation can form nanometer grade ceramic implantation coating on the internal surface of the bearing ring. The metal ions of the mixed-ion beams can choose one or more elements from Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Cr, Mo, Ta, W, Co, Ni, Mn, Y, Ag, Sn, Zn, Sc and the nonmetal ions can choose one or more elements from B, C, N, O, S.

Description

Different kinds of ions is mixed the injection self-lubricating friction-reducing bearing

Technical field materials science and mechanical engineering field,

The background technique bearing is almost ubiquitous as " joint " of mechanical industry.The machinery newspaper that the world causes because of bearing wear every year undermines energy loss and reaches the over ten billion dollar.Industrial quarters, scientific and technological circle are wear-resistant at bearing, the research aspect the antifriction never was interrupted.At present, the ball of bearing has been developed stupalith such as SiC, ZrC, ZrO, Al ₂O ₃Deng, the antifriction of bearing there is great role.But the use of stupalith, ball life-span of bearing prolongs, by contrast the inner and outer rings of bearing wear-resisting to undermine the life-span obviously not enough.Adopt the present invention, the inner and outer rings selflubricating that is expected to solve bearing, the wear-resisting problem that increases the service life that undermines.Summary of the invention this method is to use novel metal steam-to-vacuum arc ion source, it is MEVVA source ion implanter, mode with the strong infiltration of ion, with metal ion and nonmetallic ion make up according to a certain percentage, certain depth profile, certain incident angle and suitable temperature conditions, distribute with certain energy, with multiple element combinations ion beam, be injected into processed bearing inner ring, outer shroud and roller motion surface of contact.Between processed bearer ring surface and workpiece substrate, formation nano ceramics concentration increases and extremely surperficial transition layer gradually.Therefore, there is not tangible interface between nano ceramics implanted layer and the body.This nano ceramics implanted layer has very good self-lubricating property and abrasion resistance properties.

Description of drawings 1. can produce multiple metal ion simultaneously, novel metal steam-to-vacuum arc ion source, is MEVVA source ion implanter schematic representation; The ionization simultaneously of Fig. 2 .Mo+C dual element, ion injects Auger electron spectroscopy figure; The ionization simultaneously of Fig. 3 .Ti+C dual element, ion injects the Gr15 Bearing Steel, and nanometer---micro-penetration hardness is with the curve of depth profile, and with the Bearing Steel that does not carry out the ion injection, promptly the nanometer of control sample---micro-penetration hardness is with the contrast figure of depth profile curve.This figure shows Ti+C ionization simultaneously, and ion injects the Gr15 Bearing Steel, nano surface---micro-penetration hardness, and relatively control sample is significantly increased, and by bringing up to below the 8.5GPa more than the 16GPa, Bearing Steel specimen surface mechanical strength obviously improves; Fig. 4. be the ionization simultaneously of Ti+C dual element, ion injects Gr15 Bearing Steel sample dry friction curve, inject the dry friction curve comparison diagram of control sample with ion not, this figure shows: under same experimental condition, the ionization simultaneously of Ti+C dual element, ion injects the Gr15 Bearing Steel, during dry friction, friction is steady, and friction factor is low.The nano ceramics layer is injected in the ionization simultaneously of Ti+C dual element, ion very strong anti stickness wearing and tearing ability.And the Gr15 Bearing Steel control sample that injects of ion not, because surface strength is low, during dry friction, there is the mill pin to occur, and sticks together on friction pair, produce adhesive wear, and be accompanied by strenuous vibration (stick together-sticky point draw back-stick together, go round and begin again), friction factor is increased.This experiment shows: dual element ionization simultaneously, and ion injection bearing steel, the nano ceramics ion implanted layer of generation has good tribological property.This invention is applied on the bearing, significant reduction friction factor is arranged, reduce wear, reduce the effect of mechanical movement energy consumption.

Embodiment one, get a kind of metal or alloy, this metal or alloy can synthesize required nano ceramics composition as long as be equipped with suitable other metal and nonmetalloid again.Above-mentioned nonmetalloid can be gas, also can be solid.When 1, nonmetalloid is solid, make negative electrode with pure metal or alloy.Solid is nonmetal, presses nano ceramics implanted layer atomic ratio, and the ionizing energy that respectively participates in element designs the amount ratio of each element than relation.Make the buttress shaft shape according to making a gesture of measuring with solid is nonmetal, be mounted in the negative electrode that pure metal or alloy make by honeycomb arrangement or seedpod of the lotus shape arrangement mode.With this negative electrode triggering, ionization, be equipped with suitable energy distribution and carry out ion and inject.Can obtain required nano ceramics implanted layer.Adopt the method to obtain having of nano ceramics implanted layer: TiC, ZrC, MoC, WC, SnC, YC, GrC, AgC etc., pure metal also can change the nonmetal negative electrode of making of solid into, generates following nano ceramics layer: BC, SiC, SiBC etc.Above-mentioned metal also can be that a kind of metal is equipped with another kind of or several pure metal, is equipped with nonmetal again or two kinds and plant two or more nonmetally, generates the nano ceramics layer as TiZrC, ZrBC, ZrGrC, GrMoC, TiZrVBC etc.Can draw metal and the nonmetal different kinds of ions ion beam mixing of solid with said method.With ring, outer shroud in metal and the nonmetal different kinds of ions ion beam mixing of the solid injection bearing, can make the bearing inner and outer rings produce the antifriction greasy property, and reduce the energy consumption of mechanical movement.

When 2, nonmetalloid is gas, be equipped with needle-valve, be installed in ion source cathodic discharge chamber with air copper tube.Feed pure gas, adjust proper pressure, make ion source keep normal electrical from working state.Adjust trigger voltage, extraction voltage, draw the composition of ion, reach the requirement of nano ceramics implanted layer composition.Be equipped with suitable energy distribution and carry out the ion injection.Form the nano ceramics implanted layer.As: TiN, ZrN, TiO, ZrO, TiZrN; Above-mentioned gas also can be that mixed gas or solid add gas, generates the nano ceramics implanted layer, as: TiNO, ZrNO, TiZrCN, TiZrCNO, GrMoCO etc.; Above-mentioned metal also can change into nonmetal, generates the nano ceramics implanted layer, as: BN, CN, BCN, SiCN, BNO, AgO, AgN, AgCN, SiNO etc.Can draw metal and the nonmetal different kinds of ions ion beam mixing of gas with the method.With ring, outer shroud in metal and the nonmetal different kinds of ions ion beam mixing of the gas injection bearing, also can make the bearing inner and outer rings produce the antifriction greasy property.

Two, adopt powder metallurgy process, 1, choose the powder metallurgy raw material in nano ceramics implanted layer metal and nonmetallic composition ratio, press the size molding of ion source negative electrode, compression moulding, suitable sintering is made negative electrode.Be used for ion and inject, can obtain corresponding different kinds of ions nano ceramics implanted layer.2, the cemented carbide that utilizes market to provide is selected the close cemented carbide of the needed composition of nano ceramics composition, makes the ion source negative electrode, is used for ion and injects, and obtains corresponding different kinds of ions nano ceramics implanted layer.Handle bearing with it, also can obtain different kinds of ions and mix, ion injects self-lubricating friction-reducing bearing.

Claims

1. different kinds of ions is mixed the injection self-lubricating friction-reducing bearing, its different kinds of ions is mixed injection and is characterised in that two or more metallic element of employing, nonmetalloid, ionization simultaneously, in ionizing chamber, mix, in electric field, quicken, form mixed uniformly ion beam current, object to be processed is carried out ion inject.It is characterized in that:, carry out ion and inject metallic element, nonmetalloid ionization simultaneously.

2. the surface treatment method of metallic material as claimed in claim 1.Its metal is selected from: one or more elements such as Ti.Zr.V.Nb.Ta.Cr.Mo.W.Fe.Co.Ni.Mn.Y.Zn.Ag.Au.Sn.Si.Sc.; Its nonmetalloid is selected from: B.C.N.O.S one or more.

3. in the bearer ring metallic material surface treating method of claim 2, metallic element and nonmetalloid compositing range are: all the other are nonmetalloids for metallic elements (0.005-99.005%).

4. the surface treatment method of claim 1,2,3 described bearer ring metallic material.Wherein element combinations is Ti+C+N, Zr+C+N, Ti+Zr+C+N, Ti+C, Zr+C, Ti+N, Zr+N, Mo+N, Mo+C, Gr+N, Gr+C, Ti+C+O, Zr+C+O, Ti+N+O, Zr+N+O, Zr+O, Ti+V+C, Ti+Nb+C, Zr+Cr+B, Zr+Cr+C+O, Ti+Nb+C, Mo+Gr+C, Ti+Cr+Mo+C, Zr+Mo+C+N, Cr+C+N, Cr+Mo+C+N, Cr+Mo+C+O, Mo+C+N, Y+C+N, Y+Cr+C, Y+Cr+C+N, Co+Cr+Mo+C, Ag+N, Ag+C, Ag+O, Ag+N+O, Ag+C+N, Sn+C, Sn+N, Sn+B+C, Co+Cr+Mo+C+N, Co+Cr+Mo+N+O etc.

5. as the surface treatment method of claim 1～4 described bearer ring metallic material, it is characterized in that: wherein ion implantation energy is: 0.5-500KV, ion implantation dosage is: 1 * 10 ¹⁰-5 * 10 ²⁰Ion/cm ²

6. as the surface treatment method of claim 1～5 described bearer ring metallic material, it is characterized in that: with MEVVA source ion implanter, produce the negative electrode of ion,, be transformed into the negative electrode that can produce different kinds of ions by only producing single ionic.That is: the negative electrode of generation ion is the negative electrode that can produce different kinds of ions.

7. as the surface treatment method of claim 1～6 described bearer ring metallic material, it is characterized in that: this negative electrode manufacturing is adopted, a kind of solid is injected element make cathode shape (generally adopt required injection constituent content maximum a kind of), inject element with other one or more and participate in the ionizing energy ratio relation of element, design the amount ratio of each element by ceramic implanted layer atomic ratio and each.Above-mentioned other one or more injection element is made the buttress shaft shape according to making a gesture of measuring, be mounted to described solid by honeycomb arrangement or seedpod of the lotus shape arrangement mode and inject the negative electrode that element is made.With this negative electrode triggering, ionization, be equipped with suitable energy distribution and carry out ion and inject.Can obtain required nano ceramics implanted layer.

8. as claim 7 described MEVVA source ion implanters, it is characterized in that: this negative electrode manufacturing is adopted, a kind of solid is injected element make cathode shape (generally adopt required injection element maximum a kind of), inject element with other one or more and make the buttress shaft shape and embed this negative electrode.

9. as claim 8 described MEVVA source ion implanter negative electrodes, its amount is than feature: press ionizing energy that nano ceramics implanted layer atomic ratio and each participate in element than relation, the amount that designs each element is permutation and combination when.With this negative electrode triggering, ionization, be equipped with suitable energy distribution and carry out ion and inject.Can obtain required nano ceramics implanted layer.

10. the bearing metal material is described in the claim 1-9: Bearing Steel, as Gr15 steel, M50 steel, 65Mn steel, high speed steel etc., and be used for ferrous alloy, copper base alloy and the nickel-base alloy etc. of bearing.