A kind of current mutual inductor on site pick-up unit and detection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pick-up unit of current transformer, especially relate to a kind of current mutual inductor on site pick-up unit and detection method.
Background technology
The scene of existing current transformer is detected or main traditional " relatively error of measurement method " and " low pressure extrapolation method " two kinds of product and the equipment that detect principle that occur in recent years of adopting of calibrating.Adopting the major advantage of traditional " relatively error of measurement method " is directly to measure the power current mutual inductor of any kind, and value can be traced to the source, and method meets existing vertification regulation.But shortcoming be equipment volume such as outer attached up-flow device, standard mutual inductor and weight bigger, field wiring complexity, extremely inconvenient work on the spot.And adopt " low pressure extrapolation method " though the product of principle and equipment have overcome the major defect of classic method, accomplished that an instrument can measure, but because of it belongs to the predication method of indirect measurement in essence, so this series products only can not carry out the measurement of reckoning formula with the current transformer of complicated compensation (as magnetic shunt compensation) to electromagnetic type.In addition, this series products still do not have at present make corresponding rules before, can only do general detection and use.
The measurement mechanism of traditional " relatively error of measurement method " as shown in Figure 1, CTo among the figure and CTx are respectively standard and tested current transformer.The fundamental error of this system can be expressed from the next:
εx=±(X.a%+Y.a%+Dx+SERRx) ……………………(1)
εy=±(Y.a%+X.a%+Dy+SERRy) ……………………(2)
Wherein ε x claims the in-phase component of systematic error, and ε y claims the quadrature component of systematic error.The pointed part of underscore is the fundamental error of mutual-inductor tester in the formula, also is the error of difference part, and a is the class of accuracy of tester.SERRx and SERRy are respectively the limiting errors (general designation standard error SERR) of CTo homophase and quadrature component in the formula, and this is the main part of measuring error.
Among Fig. 1, elementary errors electric current Δ i=ix-io
If the no-load voltage ratio coefficient of CTo is Ko; The no-load voltage ratio coefficient of CTx is Kx (noticing that because the existence of angular difference, these coefficients all are plural numbers).
Then have: io=ip/Ko; Ix=ip/Kx
Therefore: Δ i=(1/Kx-1/Ko) ip
Mutual-inductor tester readout D=Δ i/io=(1/Kx-1/Ko) ip/io=Ko/Kx-1 ... (3)
If standard current transformer among Fig. 1 and mutual-inductor tester (the interior part of frame of broken lines among the figure) are combined, then can develop and be mode shown in Figure 2, promptly standard current transformer and tester even add load box and current lifting device is assembled in constituent apparatus in the small handcart, be convenient to work on the spot.Though this change has been simplified once and secondary connection, but bigger primary current ip still wants in the access to plant, when measuring, connect instead as if careless slightly polarity with electric current, then be very easy to cause the damage of instrument, and for this bigger standard current transformer, change the no-load voltage ratio of standard, when operation, remain cumbersome.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of simple in structure, non-damageable current mutual inductor on site pick-up unit of easy to detect and instrument and detection method.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of current mutual inductor on site pick-up unit, it comprises little current transformer calibrator, primary current sampler and secondary current sampler, be connected with the miniature standard current transformer of polytropic ratio between described little current transformer calibrator and the described primary current sampler, the input end of the miniature standard current transformer of described polytropic ratio is connected with described primary sample device, and the output terminal of the miniature standard current transformer of described polytropic ratio and described Secondary Sampler are connected into the error of measurement circuit form and insert described little current transformer calibrator.
Described primary current sampler and described secondary current sampler can be the monotropic than current transformer of punching one circle, also can be the monotropic current transformers that compares of other type.
Can be provided with polarity switch between described secondary current sampler and the described little current transformer calibrator, the input end of described polarity switch is connected with described secondary current sampler, and the output terminal of the output terminal of described polarity switch and the miniature standard current transformer of described polytropic ratio is connected into the error of measurement circuit form and inserts described little current transformer calibrator.
Use the detection method of above-mentioned current mutual inductor on site pick-up unit, be that described primary current sampler is serially connected on the loop of being made up of current lifting device and current transformer primary side to be measured, described secondary current sampler is serially connected on the loop of Current Transformer Secondary side to be measured and load box composition, current transformer to be measured produces primary current on described primary current sampler, produce the one action electric current through described miniature standard current transformer and enter described little current transformer calibrator, current transformer to be measured produces secondary current on described secondary current sampler, one action electric current and secondary current enter described little current transformer calibrator, obtain the elementary errors current signal, this elementary errors current signal is adopted software method of interpolation computing deduction equivalence margin error amount, obtain the ultimate current difference of current transformer to be measured.
Described equivalence margin error amount solidifies in advance in the internal memory of current mutual inductor on site pick-up unit, be in the whole no-load voltage ratio scopes that covered, the described primary current sampler that under different working currents, records, described secondary current sampler and the miniature standard mutual inductor three of described polytropic ratio error additive value separately.
Described software method of interpolation can be a quadratic function software method of interpolation.
Have little time to change the working current working point by regulating described current lifting device, can carry out on-site proving current transformer to be measured.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and keeping under the constant prerequisite of measuring principle, enter after will once becoming little electric current with the not direct access to plant of secondary current but by sampler, abandoned the form of traditional standard current transformer, originally the tester that uses is replaced by little current transformer calibrator, and replace original standard mutual inductor with the miniature standard current transformer of polytropic ratio, this improvement has not only reduced the quantity of on-the-spot test equipment, volume and weight, omitted and carried heavy standard current transformer, and simplified greatly once and secondary connection; Simultaneously, once with secondary current direct access to plant but enter instrument after becoming little electric current by sampler, switch and created condition for using electronic switch or midget relay to carry out no-load voltage ratio, so handoff procedure is realized robotization easily; Because secondary current also diminishes back access to plant participation relatively by sampler, make built-in little current transformer calibrator measure loop works again, damage the hidden danger of instrument when also having prevented the polarity wrong in little current status; Between Secondary Sampler and little current transformer calibrator, polarity switch is set, can realize the switching of polarity, obtain correct measurement polarity, make it to be fit to more easily on-site proving and testing, and method of testing also meets existing current transformer vertification regulation fully; In the pick-up unit internal memory, solidify the equivalence margin error amount in advance, and the electric current difference that reality produces is adopted software method of interpolation computing deduction equivalence margin error amount, can improve the precision of detection; And use quadratic function software method of interpolation to make the numerical value of each point more accurate; Use traditional standard current transformer calibrating installation to carry out the contrast of tracing to the source of value, during use closed type current sampler of the present invention, accuracy can reach more than 0.05 grade; When adopting the open-close type current sampler, accuracy can reach more than 0.1 grade.
The present invention is more prior to be, to measuring accuracy when less demanding, described primary current sampler and secondary current sampler are adopted opening form (as pincers type current sensor), just can carry out the on-line testing error, and this is an insurmountable in the past difficult problem to operating current transformer.The technology of this on-line testing error is a kind of innovation to the current transformer method of testing, and more wide application prospect is arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the measurement wiring diagram of comparison error of measurement method traditional in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the evolution synoptic diagram to the wiring diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pick-up unit of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the measurement wiring diagram of pick-up unit of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, a kind of current mutual inductor on site pick-up unit, comprise little current transformer calibrator 1, primary current sampler 2 and secondary current sampler 3, primary current sampler 2 and secondary current sampler 3 are monotropic current transformers that compare of punching one circle, be connected with the miniature standard current transformer 4 of polytropic ratio between little current transformer calibrator 1 and the primary current sampler 2, be provided with polarity switch 5 between secondary current sampler 3 and the little current transformer calibrator 1, the input end of the miniature standard current transformer 4 of polytropic ratio is connected with primary sample device 2, the input end of polarity switch 5 is connected with secondary current sampler 3, and the output terminal of the miniature standard current transformer 4 of the output terminal of polarity switch 5 and polytropic ratio is connected into the error of measurement circuit form and inserts little current transformer calibrator 1.
During on-the-spot the detection, primary current sampler 2 is serially connected on the loop of being made up of the primary side 71 of current lifting device 6 and current transformer to be measured 7, on the loop that the secondary side 72 that secondary current sampler 3 is serially connected in current transformer 7 to be measured and load box 8 are formed, current transformer 7 to be measured produces primary current I on primary current sampler 2
1, produce the one action electric current I through miniature standard current transformer 4
0' entering little current transformer calibrator 1, current transformer 7 to be measured produces secondary current I on secondary current sampler 3
X', the one action electric current I
0' and secondary current I
X' enter little current transformer calibrator 1, obtain elementary errors current signal Δ I ', in the whole no-load voltage ratio scopes that covered, primary current sampler 2 error value epsilon that under different working currents, record
1, secondary current sampler 3 error value epsilon
2With miniature standard mutual inductor 4 error value epsilon of polytropic ratio
bAnd the equivalence margin error value epsilon will be obtained after three's addition, the equivalence margin error value epsilon is solidified in advance in the internal memory of current mutual inductor on site pick-up unit, elementary errors current signal Δ I ' is adopted quadratic function software method of interpolation computing deduction equivalence margin error value epsilon, obtain the ultimate current difference of current transformer to be measured.
In the foregoing description, change the working current working point, can carry out on-site proving current transformer 7 to be measured by regulating current lifting device 6.
In the foregoing description, primary sample device 2 and Secondary Sampler 3 also can adopt the open type clamp current transformer when accuracy requirement is not high, and this mode can be used for operating low-voltage current mutual inductor is realized online test error.When operating current transformer was made the on-line testing error, current lifting device 6 and load box 8 did not all need, and were exactly actual running current with secondary current once, and load is exactly the actual motion load.
As shown in Figure 4, the loop current Ip of current lifting device 6 becomes little electric current I through primary sample device 2
1Enter the instrument input end, carry out no-load voltage ratio through the miniature standard current transformer 4 of polytropic ratio and switch to working current I
0', then with the secondary current I of Secondary Sampler 3
X' formation error of measurement circuit form inserts little current transformer calibrator 1, because diminishing of primary current flow into the electric current just very little (being generally below the 1A) of little current transformer calibrator 1, so the no-load voltage ratio switching just is easy to realize robotization.Inner little current transformer calibrator 1 working current is a milliampere level, if Secondary Sampler 3 no-load voltage ratios are K2, primary sample device 2 no-load voltage ratios are K1, the miniature standard current transformer 4 work no-load voltage ratios of polytropic ratio are Kb, the no-load voltage ratio COEFFICIENT K o of then original standard loop become the product of K1, Kb coefficient, and the no-load voltage ratio COEFFICIENT K x in originally tested loop has become the product of Kx, K2 coefficient.
Therefore have: Ix '=Ip/KxK2; Io '=Ip/K1Kb
The Ip of elementary errors electric current Δ I '=Ix '-Io '=(1/KxK2-1/KoK2)
The K1Kb=K1Kb/KxK2-1 of the readout of apparatus of the present invention: D '=Δ I '/Io '=(1/KxK2-1/K1Kb)
Make K1Kb/K2=Ko ', then:
D’=Ko’/Kx-1 …………………………(4)
Obviously, the Ko ' here is exactly the equivalence margin no-load voltage ratio coefficient that is equivalent to CTo no-load voltage ratio COEFFICIENT K o among Fig. 1.
Further contrast Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 and Shi (3) are not difficult to find that the measuring principle and the traditional approach of apparatus of the present invention are identical with formula (4).And the caused error of K2 can equivalence be converted standard loop, just opposite in sign.For tester only is that working current and elementary errors electric current are all dwindled in the ratio of K2.Simultaneously as seen, this variation of apparatus of the present invention, can be understood as original outside standard current transformer CTo is split into miniature standard current transformer 4 three parts of primary sample device 2, Secondary Sampler 3 and built-in polytropic ratio, this variation only is pro forma change, does not change the ultimate principle of original " relatively error of measurement method ".
Therefore the still available formula of fundamental error (1) of apparatus of the present invention, the form of formula (2) are represented, just original standard error SERR are represented with present equivalence margin error SERR '.And SERR ' is the error ε by primary sample device 2
1, Secondary Sampler 3 error ε
2, the miniature standard current transformer 4 of polytropic ratio error ε
bThree parts constitute, and above three's error is common used will bring an additive error ε.Also be that ε is ε
1, ε
2, ε
bFunction.That is:
ε=fx(ε
1,ε
2,ε
b) ………………(5)
To given once with the secondary current sampler, in whole no-load voltage ratio scopes that it covered, under different working currents, above-mentioned additive error ε value recorded one by one and solidify in device's memory.Before final the demonstration done in actual measurement, adopt the computing of software method of interpolation that ε is deducted, just can in whole working current variation ranges, additive error be deducted substantially.Residual error behind the deduction is equivalent to the accurate error of outer affix of traditional approach, therefore claims the equivalence margin error, and note is made SERR '.Choose the interpolation point of sufficient density and select the interpolating function that approaches the actual error variation for use, just SERR ' can be controlled to satisfy and be used to examine and determine within the accuracy requirement scope of current transformer, thereby can be used to on-site proving or detect 0.5~10 grade current transformer.This error compensation way of standard error is a kind of associating penalty method.