CN1849538A - 光纤光缆和分叉模块 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种光纤光缆组件,包括:光纤,可滑动地封闭在中空管件内,该光纤和该管件都具有相应的第一和第二端部。该光缆与相互限制的该管件和该光纤的第一端部以及相互限制的该管件和该光纤的第二端部端接,使得该光纤和该管件在该光缆处于第一温度时具有大约相同的长度。制成该管件的材料在该光缆暴露于比该第一温度低的温度时比该光纤收缩更多,以使该光纤长于该管件,并形成过剩的光纤长度。该管件的中间部分容许该过剩的光纤长度被积聚,而不会以比最小弯曲半径更小的半径弯曲。
Description
技术领域
本发明一般涉及光纤光缆结构和分叉模块结构。
背景技术
光纤光缆通常由多种彼此相互线性端接和限制的线性部件构成。这些部件可包括光纤本身、管状护套材料、线性加强件、以及用来密封其它部件以免受雨水或其它湿气等环境损害的外层。这些部件的每个可具有不同的热膨胀系数。在处于装配和端接光缆时呈现的周围温度附近的温度下,各个部件热膨胀的差别并不显著得足以引起对光缆内传输的光信号的任何衰减或插入损耗。
然而,随着这些光缆在装配和端接时被暴露于相对周围温度更过分的温度下,不同的热膨胀系数可能变得更加明显。光纤光缆会被暴露于偏离装配和端接时的周围温度高达一百华氏温度的工作温度中。在这些温度下,光缆各个部件之间不同程度的伸长或收缩可能会损害光纤,或者可能会引起光缆上传输的信号的衰减或插入损耗达到无法接受的量。因此,希望改进现有的光纤光缆,以消除温度诱导应力。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种光纤光缆组件,包括可滑动地封闭在中空管件内的光纤,光纤和管件都具有相应的第一和第二端部。该光缆与相互限制的管件和光纤的第一端部以及第二端部端接,使得光纤和管件在光缆处于第一温度时具有大约相同的长度。该管件是由当光缆暴露于比该第一温度低的温度时、比光纤收缩更多的材料制成,以使光纤长于该管件,并相对于该管件形成过剩的光纤长度。光纤接收装置设置用来当管件收缩得比光纤多时接收过剩的光纤长度。在一个优选实施例中,该光纤接收装置是该管件的中间部分,该中间部分容许该过剩的光纤长度积聚而不会以比最小弯曲半径更小的半径弯曲。
本发明还涉及一种光纤光缆组件,包括可滑动地封闭在中空管件内的光纤,光纤和管件都具有相应的第一和第二端部。光纤和管件的第二端部相互限制。光纤的第一端部被限制在管件的第一端部被限制的区域之外。光缆在第一温度下装配,在第二较低温度下管件相对于光纤在长度上收缩,任何过剩长度的光纤积聚在该管件的第一端部之外。
附图简述
以下结合附图和说明书来描述本发明的几个方面,并用来说明本发明的原理,这些附图被包含在说明书中并作为说明书的一部分。这些附图简述如下:
图1是现有技术的光纤光缆分段的横截面图;
图2是图1的现有技术的光纤光缆分段在降低的周围温度下的横截面图,其中光纤和光缆护套的端部并未相对彼此地限制;
图3是图1的现有技术的光纤光缆分段在降低的周围温度下的横截面图,其中光纤和光缆护套的端部相对彼此地限制;
图4是依照本发明的包括环路外壳的光纤光缆的立体图;
图5是图4的光纤光缆从环路外壳移除顶部的顶视图;
图5A是依照本发明的光纤光缆的替代实施例的顶视图,包括位于环路外壳内的耦合器且从外壳移除顶部;
图6是依照本发明的光纤光缆和分束器的立体图;
图7是依照本发明的光纤光缆的替代实施例的立体图,包括环路外壳和安装于环路外壳内的分束器,其中光纤和分束器在外壳内以虚线示出;
图8是依照本发明的光纤光缆的替代实施例的局部横截面图,包括管件的中间部分,用以容纳过剩的光纤长度;
图9是依照本发明的光纤模块的前立体图;
图10是图9的光纤模块的顶视图;
图11是图9的光纤模块的前视图;
图12是图9的光纤模块的顶视图,其中模块的顶部被移除以清楚地看到模块的内部;
图13是图9的模块内的光纤的总体布置的顶视图;
图14是从图9的模块前部来看的光纤上护套(up-jacket)安装块之一的后视图,其中单个上护套管组件安装在安装开口之一内,用于向从分束器延伸出的多个光纤中的一个套上护套;
图15是图13的光纤上护套管组件的侧视图;
图16是图15的光纤上护套管组件的分解图;
图17是光纤上护套组件的侧视图,其用来向至分束器的单个输入光纤套上护套;
图18是延伸穿过图9的模块的前部的单个输入光纤的后分解立体图。
详细说明
现在,详细参看在附图中示出的本发明的示例方面。在任何可能的情况下,在整个附图中将采用相同的参考数字表示相同或类似的部分。
光纤光缆可安装于电信网络中,从而会暴露在室外空气的极端温度下。这些光纤光缆由各种材料制成,包括但不限于光纤自身、护套和包层、以及加强件。这些构成材料的每一个可能具有不同的热膨胀系数,这意味着这些材料会由于温度变化而以不同速率膨胀或收缩。图1至图3是现有技术的光纤光缆,其中示出了降低的温度对包括外护套12和光纤14的光纤光缆10上的效应。光纤14被可滑动地保持在由护套12限制的中空开口16内。护套12包括第一端部18和相对的第二端部20,光纤14包括相应的第一端部22和第二端部24。
在图1中,光缆10暴露于第一温度下,使得光纤14和护套12的端部相互对准。如果光纤14和护套12在装配的时候最初长度相同,则这表明该第一温度近似等于光缆10装配时的周围温度。光缆10可以是光纤引入光缆(drop cable),其中光纤14在护套14的开口16内自由滑动。在光缆10内,第一端部18和22以及第二端部20和24相对于彼此并不固定或者并不限制。
在图2中,光缆10现在已经暴露于低于第一温度的第二温度下。光纤14具有比护套12的热膨胀系数相对较小的热膨胀系数。在该第二温度下,护套12比光纤14收缩得多得多。光纤14的端部22和24分别延伸超过护套12的端部18和20。光纤14的端部22和24在端部18和20处分别没受限制,而是自由地移动以超出端部18和20,如图所示。端部22和24延伸超出端部18和20,从而限定光纤14的过剩长度15。
替代地,光纤14和护套12的第一端部和第二端部中的一个可以相对彼此地被限制,只要相对端没受到限制并且光纤14可以在护套12的开口16内自由移动即可。
在图3中,光缆10在第一端部和第二端部之每一个处端接在光纤连接器26上。这样的光纤连接器在本领域是众所周知的。为了在连接器26处端接光缆10,护套12和光纤14相对彼此地限制。虽然光纤连接器26在光纤14的压力下可以提供一定程度的移动,但是连接器26不容许光纤14伸出连接器26外。如图3所示,光缆10暴露在较低的第二温度下,从而护套12收缩为与图2所示相同的长度。然而,在图3中,光纤14的端部22和24在护套12的端部18和20处受到连接器26的限制。从而,护套12的收缩就将光纤14压缩成与护套12相同的长度。然而,适合制作光纤的已知材料基本上都是不可压缩的。从而,光纤14的过剩的长度15就被迫使位于较短长度的护套12内,受力成为在开口16内的一系列微小弯曲28。这些微小弯曲28可能导致光缆10内产生过多的信号损耗。虽然光缆10示出为是单个光纤光缆,连接器26示出为光纤连接器,但是可以预期,在本发明的范围内,可以用包含多个光纤的光缆来替换光缆10,也可以用位于这样的多光纤光缆端部处的光缆断裂来替换连接器26。
现在参看图4和5,依照本发明的光缆30包括第一护套分段32、第二护套分段34、光纤14以及位于每一端的若干个连接器26。如上所述,不仅光纤14而且护套分段32和34都在连接器26处相互彼此地限制。光纤接收装置36安装在护套分段32与34之间。如图所示,光纤接收装置是光纤环路箱(fiber loop box)36。光纤14从第一连接器26延伸穿过护套分段32进入箱36内,形成环路38,然后延伸穿过护套分段34到第二连接器26。
当光缆30暴露在一定范围的温度中,护套分段32和34相应地伸展和收缩时,光纤14的任何过剩长度都可以收集在箱36内。光纤14的环路38被定尺寸装配在箱36内,并偏移内表面40。因此,这将允许随着过剩长度15被包含在环路38中,环路38在尺寸上增长但不会受限于内表面40。箱36的尺寸应当被设定能够允许形成直径大于光纤14的最小弯曲半径的环路。
图5A示出类似于光缆30的光纤光缆80,但添加了光学装置84,该光学装置84例如是安装于箱36内的耦合器。光纤14从连接器26延伸穿过第一光缆分段32进入箱36内,形成环路38以接收过剩长度的光纤,光纤14在光学装置84处被限制。在装置84内,由光纤14传输的一部分信号被分接或分裂进第二光纤(如光纤82)内。光纤14的延伸段15在装置84处被限制,并延伸出箱35,穿过第二护套分段34到连接器26。光纤82从装置84延伸出来,穿出箱36。不仅光纤15而且光纤82都在箱36内形成环路38,以将过剩的光纤长度接收在箱38内。
图6示出依照本发明的光纤光缆46的一个替代实施例。光缆46包括光纤分段32和34以及光纤环路箱36。光缆46内的光纤14(在箱36内以虚线示出)是同时携带多个光信号的单股光纤。分段32和分段32内的光纤14在一端限制于连接器26。在光缆46的分段34的第二端处包括一个分束器42。光纤14和护套分段34在分束器42的一端相互彼此地限制。光纤14在箱36内形成环路38,以接收当护套分段32和/或34收缩得比光纤14多时可能形成的任何过剩光纤。在分束器42的相对端,有多个光纤44。这些光纤44的每一个都可以携带来自于光纤33的多个光信号中的一个光信号,该一个光信号被分束器42从其它的光信号分开。如图所示,八根光纤44从分束器42伸出。或者,各个光纤44可以组合成从分束器42延伸出来的单个带状光纤,这些单独的光纤44在从分束器42移出的点处从带状光缆分离。(这种布置如下面的图12所示。)
图7示出光纤光缆48的另一个替代实施例,该光纤光缆48包括第一护套分段32以及位于一端的连接器26。分段32和分段32内的光纤14在连接器26处被限制。分束器42安装在光纤环路箱50内,从而光纤44延伸出箱50。光纤14在分束器42处被限制于箱50内。第一护套分段被限制在相对着连接器26的箱50处。光缆48不包括其内有光纤34延伸的第二护套分段34。位于护套分段32与分束器42之间的箱50内的光纤环路38容许由于护套分段32收缩引起的任何过剩光缆长度15被吸收,而不会生成可能产生不期望的信号损耗的微小弯曲。如上所述,光纤44可以组合成单个带状光缆,在从箱50移出的点处分成若干个单个光纤。
图8示出光纤光缆52的又一个替代实施例,该光纤光缆52包括光缆护套54的一个较宽部分56。在该部分56内确定了开口16的一个放大分段58,光纤14延伸穿过开口16。如上所述,护套54的端部18和20以及光纤14的端部22和24分别互相彼此地限制。随着暴露在较低周围温度中时护套54线性地收缩,过剩的光纤长度15被收集在放大分段58内形成曲线60。分段58的尺寸被设定为容许积聚预期量的过剩光纤长度15,该预期量的过剩光纤长度15是基于光缆52的总长度和在光缆53有可能受到的最低周围温度下计算的收缩百分比得出的。将过剩的光纤长度15以曲线积聚将避免开口16内出现如上图3所示的受力的微小弯曲的问题。替代地,较宽部分56和分段58可以按一个或多个标准尺寸,以及被合并进光缆52内的合适尺寸产生,这取决于光缆52的长度和标准化的最低预期周围温度。
现在参看图9至11,其中示出一个电信模块100,以及输入光纤光缆102和安装在前部106的多个输出光纤保持器104。模块100包括具有顶部108的外壳、一对相对的侧部110、底部112(示出在下面的图12中)、以及背部114。该外壳限定一个内部116(也示出在下面的图12中)。如图所示,模块100是一个光纤分束器模块,能够将来自于光缆102的入射光纤信号分成多达三十二个输出光纤信号,每个信号都传输穿过输出光纤光缆118,该输出光纤光缆118端接在光纤连接器119上。在图10中示出一根光缆118。每个光纤保持器104适合于保持着多达八根输出光缆118。
安装轨道120位于每个侧部110上,适合于将模块100安装到电信设备的机架或类似结构上。邻接着侧部110的前部106包括一对凸缘122,该凸缘122具有一个或多个紧固件开口124。凸缘122和开口124能够辅助安装,确保模块100紧固在这种机架或类似结构上。每个保持器104包括八个开口126,每个开口126适合于接收输出光纤118之一。在前部106上有一个空间128,用来放置识别模块100的标记,或者是延伸到模块100或从模块100延伸出的光缆。在顶部108上有一个用来放置标签130的空间。如图所示,前部106相对于背部114成一定角度,以有助于接近前部106或光缆102和118,以及改善延伸到模块100和从模块100延伸出的这些光缆的光缆管理。
图12示出顶部108移去后的模块100,示出内部116中光纤的布线。凸缘134沿着侧部110包含在内,用来容纳紧固件支撑顶部108到模块100上。分束器42沿其中一个侧部110安装在内部116中。来自于光缆102的光纤136延伸穿过前部106进入内部116中。光纤136在被引导到分束器42的第一端部之前,在内部116中形成一个环路138。光缆102的外部护套被端接并限制在附着于前部106的保护套140处。光纤136延伸穿过环路138到达位于内部116周边的分束器42,以确保保持着能够避免产生过多信号损耗所需的最小弯曲半径。一个或多个光缆夹142安装在底部112上,以在内部116中辅助形成光缆136的布置。
光缆102的护套的任何收缩都可能导致光纤136形成过剩长度15。环路138提供了一个积聚任何这种过剩长度15的地方,从而避免光纤136在模块100或光缆102内产生不期望的绷紧的弯曲。
多个带状光缆144从相对着光纤136的分束器42延伸出来。分束器42将光纤136携带的光信号分为多达三十二个单独的光信号。每个带状光缆144可以包括多达八根光纤146,每根光纤携带其中一个光信号。带状光缆144从分束器42延伸到前部106内的安装保持器104。带状光缆144在分束器42与保持器104之间的内部116空间内形成环路148。光缆夹142设置用来辅助光缆144和光缆146的环路148在内部116中的布线和组织。环路148被示出在带状光缆144中,其中光纤146在进入保持器104的开口126之前不久从带状光缆144分离出来。替代地,单个光纤146可以从环路148周边的分束器42延伸出,而不在内部116中包括任何带状光缆。
光纤146在光缆118的护套内可自由滑动,不仅护套而且光纤146都端接并限制在连接器119处。光缆118也被限制在保持器104处,如下面将要说明的。光纤146延伸通过保持器104到带状光缆144,带状光缆144被限制在分束器42处。在光纤146从保持器104延伸到分束器42的一个替代方案中,光纤146被限制在分束器42处。在光缆118内由于光缆118的护套的收缩而产生的光纤146的任何过剩长度15被用环路148积聚在内部116中。
图13示出内部116中的元件的顶视图。其中仅仅完全示出了一个带状光缆144,但应当理解,其他的带状光缆144被类似地构造。若干根单个光纤146在带状光缆144的端部145分开。为了清楚起见,仅示出三根光纤146。光纤146延伸穿过其中一个保持器104的开口126,进入分叉管状组件148。
图14示出保持器104的内面105,一个分叉管状组件148位于其中一个开口126内。分叉管状组件148包括中空内管150和中空外管152。外管152包括一个开口,内管150插入在该开口内。其它部件也可以包括在环绕着内管150的外管152的开口内。这些部件包括但不限于加强件或类似元件。内管150包括一个开口,光纤146可以滑动地插入该开口内。
图15和16进一步详细地示出分叉管状组件148,包括装配环154,该装配环154的前面部分153的尺寸被设定为被插进保持器104的其中一个开口126内。前面部分153的尺寸可以稍微大于开口126,以有利于在开口126内摩擦配合。替代地,可以用粘合剂或一些机械部件,将装配环154紧固于开口126内。装配环154包括内管150延伸穿过的中央中空开口。装配环154的后面部分155的尺寸被设计成在环绕内管150的外管152的开口内延伸。图16中示出的加强件158从内管150与外管152之间延伸。图示的加强件158是芳香尼龙纤维(例如凯夫拉尔纤维),但也可以采用其他合适的材料。当后面部分155定位在内管150与外管152之间时,加强件158重叠在后面部分155之上。压接套管156安装在装配环154的后面部分155之上的外管152周围,压接使这些部件保持在一起。在内管150延伸穿过装配环154的位置160处,也可以施加粘合剂,以确保内管150保持固定在组件148内。
图17和18示出输入光纤102和保护套140以及将它们装配至模块100的进一步的细节。前部105内的开口162接收模块100外部的插入件164和光缆支架166的螺纹部分166。在内部116中,垫圈168和螺母170放置在支架166的螺纹部分166之上,并将支架166紧固在前部106上。在图17中,输入光缆102的外护套组件177包括中空内管174,该中空内管174带有容纳光纤136的开口。中空外管176定位在内管174周围,加强件178定位在内管与外管之间。
内管174穿过光缆支架166插入,使加强件178定位在光缆支架166的压接部分周围。压接套管172定位外管176与加强件178,并压接在压接部分165的周围,以将这些部件保持在一起。保护套140定位在压接套管172周围,并向光缆102提供应力消除和保护,及其对模块100的链接。
上述的详细说明、示例和数据给本发明的制造和使用提供完整的描述。
由于本发明的很多实施例都可以在不脱离本发明精神和范围下做出,因此本发明的范围由所附权利要求书给出。
Claims (23)
1.一种光纤光缆组件,包括:
光纤,可滑动地封闭在中空管件内,该光纤和该管件都具有相应的第一和第二端部;
该光缆与相互限制的该管件和该光纤的第一端部以及相互限制的该管件和该光纤的第二端部端接,使得该光纤和该管件处于第一温度时具有大约相同的长度;
制成该管件的材料在该光缆暴露于比该第一温度低的温度时比该光纤收缩更多,以使该光纤长于该管件,并形成过剩的光纤长度;
其中,光纤接收装置容许该过剩的光纤长度被积聚,而不会以比最小弯曲半径更小的半径弯曲。
2.如权利要求1所述的光纤光缆,其中该光纤接收装置包括该管件的中间部分,该中间部分容许该过剩的光纤长度积聚,而不会以比最小弯曲半径更小的半径弯曲。
3.如权利要求1所述的光纤光缆,其中该光纤接收装置包括一箱,该管件的第一和第二中间端附着在该箱上,且该光纤穿过该箱。
4.如权利要求3所述的光纤光缆,其中该光纤在该箱内形成环路。
5.如权利要求2所述的光纤光缆,其中该中空管件的中间部分限定出比该管件的剩余部分更大的内径。
6.如权利要求1所述的光纤光缆,其中该光纤的第一端部与该管件的第一端部被端接于光纤连接器处。
7.如权利要求6所述的光纤光缆,其中该光纤与该管件的第一端部和第二端部都由光纤连接器端接。
8.如权利要求6所述的光纤光缆,其中该光纤的第二端部与该管件的第二端部被端接在光信号分束器处。
9.一种光纤光缆组件,包括:
光纤,可滑动地封闭在中空管件内,该光纤和该管件都具有相应的第一端部和第二端部;
该光纤和该管件的第二端部端接在一起并相互限制;
该光纤的第一端部被限制在该管件的第一端部被限制的区域之外;
其中该光缆在第一温度下装配,在第二较低温度下该管件相对于该光纤在长度上收缩,任何过剩的光纤长度积聚在该管件的第一端部之外。
10.如权利要求9所述的光纤光缆组件,其中该管件的第一端部被限制在一模块的外壳的外壁处,以及在光学部件一个端部处,该光纤的第一端部被限制在该模块的内部中。
11.如权利要求10所述的光纤光缆组件,其中位于该模块内的该光学部件是分束器。
12.如权利要求11所述的光纤光缆组件,其中多个光纤从该分束器延伸出来。
13.如权利要求9所述的光纤光缆组件,其中该光纤和该管件的第二端被限制在光纤连接器处。
14.如权利要求10所述的光纤光缆组件,其中该模块还包括输入光纤光缆,该输入光纤具有滑动地接收在一中空管件内的光纤,该光纤和该管件具有相应的第一和第二端部,该管件和该光纤的第一端部被相互限制,该输入光缆管件的第二端部被限制在该模块的前部,以及在该光学部件的第二端部处,该输入光缆光纤的第二端部被限制在该模块的内部中,该输入光缆的光纤在该内部形成环路,该内部积聚由该输入光缆的管件的收缩形成的任何过剩长度的光纤。
15.如权利要求14所述的光纤光缆组件,其中该输入光缆的管件的收缩是由于温度降低引起的。
16.一种光纤光缆组件,包括:
光纤,可滑动地封闭在中空管件内,该光纤和该管件都具有相应的第一端部和第二端部;
该光纤和该管件的第一端部相互端接和限制;
该管件的第二端部被限制在一光缆环路箱处,该光纤的第二端部延伸进该光缆环路箱的内部;
该光纤的第二端部被限制在安装于该光纤环路箱内的一光学装置处;
该光纤在位于该管件的第二端部与该光纤的第二端部之间、该光纤环路箱内形成环路;
其中该光缆在第一温度下装配,在第二较低温度下该管件相对于该光纤在长度上收缩,形成过剩长度的光纤,任何过剩的光纤长度积聚在该光纤环路箱中的该光纤环路内。
17.如权利要求16所述的光纤光缆组件,其中该光学装置是分束器。
18.如权利要求16所述的光纤光缆组件,其中该光纤和该管件的第一端部被端接在连接器处。
19.如权利要求16所述的光纤光缆组件,还包括从该光学装置延伸出并从该箱延伸出来进入第二中空管件的第二光纤,该第二光纤和该第二管件具有相应的第一端部和第二端部,该光纤的第一端部被限制在该光学装置处,该管件的第一端部被限制在该箱的箱壁处,该第二光纤和第二管件的第二端部相互端接和限制,该第二光纤在位于该光纤的第一端部与该管件的第一端部之间、在该箱内形成环路,用来接收由该管件的收缩形成的过剩光纤长度。
20.如权利要求19所述的光纤光缆组件,其中该第二光纤和该第二管件的第二端部被端接在光纤连接器处。
21.如权利要求19所述的光纤光缆组件,其中该光学装置是分束器,多个第二光纤从该分束器延伸出该箱且进入多个第二管件内。
22.一种装配光纤光缆的方法,包括:
提供光纤和中空管件,该管件是由当该光缆暴露于比第一温度低的温度下时、比该光纤收缩更多的材料制成,该光纤和该管件都具有第一和第二端部;
将该光纤滑动地安装进该管件内;
在该光纤和该管件的的第一端部与该光纤和该管件的第二端部之间提供光纤接收装置;
端接该光缆与相互限制的该管件和该光纤的第一端部和相互限制的该管件和该光纤的第二端部,使得光纤和该管件在第一温度下具有大约相同的长度;
将该光缆暴露于低于该第一温度的第二温度下,并由于该管件收缩得比该光纤多而形成过剩的光纤长度;
在该光纤接收装置内积聚该过剩的光纤,而不会以小于最小弯曲半径的半径弯曲。
23.一种装配光纤分束器模块的方法,包括:
向分束器提供从该分束器的相对端延伸的至少一个光纤,所述光纤之每一个具有限制在该分束器处的第一端部和相对的第二端部;
将该分束器放置进外壳的内部;
在该外壳内使每个光纤形成环路,并使该第二端部延伸到该外壳之外;
在每个光纤的该第二端部之上滑动一中空管件,使得每个管件的第一端部被限制在该外壳的外壁处,而且每个管件的第二端部在该管件内与该光纤的第二端部相邻;
相互端接限制这些管件的第二端部与该管件内的光纤;
将由该管件的收缩生成的任何过剩长度的光纤积聚在该外壳中的该环路内。
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CN104919348A (zh) * | 2012-11-19 | 2015-09-16 | 康普技术有限责任公司 | 结实的分叉管 |
CN104919348B (zh) * | 2012-11-19 | 2018-08-24 | 康普技术有限责任公司 | 结实的分叉管 |
CN105928603A (zh) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-07 | 河南丹江大观苑旅游有限公司 | 一种基于光纤传感的景区山体监测系统 |
CN105928603B (zh) * | 2016-04-28 | 2019-03-19 | 河南丹江大观苑旅游有限公司 | 一种基于光纤传感的景区山体监测系统 |
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US8311379B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 |
EP1664878A2 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
USRE49374E1 (en) | 2023-01-17 |
EP1664878B1 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
CA2537780A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
CN102289045A (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
US6885798B2 (en) | 2005-04-26 |
HK1091552A1 (en) | 2007-01-19 |
WO2005036232A3 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
USRE47069E1 (en) | 2018-10-02 |
WO2005036232A2 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
AR045610A1 (es) | 2005-11-02 |
ES2364251T3 (es) | 2011-08-29 |
ES2831377T3 (es) | 2021-06-08 |
US20050053341A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
CN102289045B (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
MXPA06002444A (es) | 2006-08-31 |
EP2275848A2 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
CA2537780C (en) | 2013-11-05 |
EP2275848B1 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
EP2275848A3 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
ATE514112T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
AU2004281024B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
AU2004281024A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
US20050185910A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
CN1849538B (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
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