CN1847281B - Polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board and producing method for soft polyurethane foam board using same - Google Patents

Polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board and producing method for soft polyurethane foam board using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1847281B
CN1847281B CN2006100683140A CN200610068314A CN1847281B CN 1847281 B CN1847281 B CN 1847281B CN 2006100683140 A CN2006100683140 A CN 2006100683140A CN 200610068314 A CN200610068314 A CN 200610068314A CN 1847281 B CN1847281 B CN 1847281B
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polyurethane foam
foam board
soft polyurethane
content
mdi
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CN1847281A (en
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园田健太郎
吉井直哉
大林直之
山田卓
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Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co Ltd
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Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention provides a polyisocyanate for flexible polyurethane slab foams, which has improved low temperature storage stability, low viscosity, and good workability, and to provide a method for producing the flexible polyurethane slab foam which has good productivity/moldability and whose density can be lowered. This polyisocyanate for flexible polyurethane slab foams is obtained by charging and reacting the following polymeric MDI (diphenylmethanediisocyanate)(a) with the following polyol (b) in a (a)/(b) mass ratio of 80/20 to 95/5 and having an isocyanate content of 25 to 32 mass%. The polymeric MDI (a): the content of a binuclear compound component is 50 to 80 mass%, and the content of isomers except 4,4'-MDI in the binuclear compound component is 10 to 20 mass%. The polyol (b): a polyether polyol having a nominal average functional group number of 4 and a number-average mol.wt. of 5,000 to 10,000.

Description

Polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board and the manufacture method of using its soft polyurethane foam board
Technical field
The manufacture method that the present invention relates to polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board and use its soft polyurethane foam board.Low temperature storage stability improves, good polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board and the productivity of operability and plasticity is good and the manufacture method of the soft polyurethane foam board of low densityization under low viscosity but relate in more detail.
Background technology
Soft polyurethane foam board can be cut into suitable size, and the cushion material, bedding that are widely used in furniture and automotive seat etc. are with in cotton-padded mattress, pillow, industrial sealing material, the sound-proof material etc.In recent years, good to supportive in furniture and mattress purposes along with the development of aging, and the demand of the high foam materials of flame retardant resistance increases.And, in the production scene, the high material system of production efficiency of hyperergy and high solidified nature can be arranged preferably.
As soft polyurethane foam board, the technology that tolylene diisocyanate (hereinafter referred is TDI) is used for the polymeric polyisocyanate composition is well-known.But the zero pour of TDI is high to about 17 ℃ under normal pressure, owing to can solidify winter, therefore must be incubated and temperature regulation.
Recently, because the isocyanic ester in the production place is to operator's health affected and reactive raising, also someone's diphenylmethanediisocyanate (hereinafter referred is MDI) of proposing that steam is forced down is used for the soft polyurethane foam board of polymeric polyisocyanate composition.But, 4, the zero pour of 4 '-MDI is about 38 ℃ under normal pressure, compare highlyer with TDI, needs pre-treatments such as prepolymer, consequently forms very high viscosity, has the operability variation and is subjected to the problems such as restriction of production unit condition.
As the technology of improving above shortcoming, the applicant proposes the manufacture method of the soft polyurethane foam board shown in the patent documentation 1.
Patent documentation 1: the spy opens the 2002-322236 communique
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, can provide low temperature storage stability further improve, under low viscosity the good polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board of operability, and productivity and plasticity are good, the manufacture method that can carry out the soft polyurethane foam board of low densityization.
The object of the present invention is to provide compare with existing polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board low temperature storage stability further improve, under low viscosity the good polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board of operability, and productivity and plasticity are good, the manufacture method that can carry out the soft polyurethane foam board of low densityization.
Be used to realize that the technical scheme of the present invention of above-mentioned purpose is:
(1) a kind of flexibel polyurethane plate polymeric polyisocyanate, wherein react and prepare by polymeric MDI as follows (first) and polyvalent alcohol (second) are carried out charging with (first)/(second)=80/20~95/5 (mass ratio), and the content of isocyanic ester is 25~32 quality %
Polymeric MDI (first):
The content that is dikaryon (two nucleomes) composition is 4 in 50~80 quality % and the dikaryon composition, and the content of isomer outside 4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate is the polymeric MDI of 10~20 quality %.
Polyvalent alcohol (second):
The average sense radix of nominal is 4, number-average molecular weight is 5000~10000 polyether glycol.
(2) the flexibel polyurethane plate that it is characterized in that above-mentioned (1) is with polymeric polyisocyanate (A), polyvalent alcohol (B), catalyzer (C), join continuously in the case or on the travelling belt as the water (D) of whipping agent and the mixed solution of surfactant (E), and makes the manufacture method of the soft polyurethane foam board of its reaction foaming.
(3) it is characterized in that catalyzer (C) contains the manufacture method of soft polyurethane foam board of above-mentioned (2) of the sour block thing of tertiary amine.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail.
Flexibel polyurethane plate polymeric polyisocyanate of the present invention be polymeric MDI (first) as follows and polyvalent alcohol (second) with (first)/(second)=80/20~95/5 (mass ratio) react obtain and isocyanate content be the polymeric polyisocyanate of 25~32 quality %.
Polymeric MDI (first):
The content that is the dikaryon composition is 4 in 50~80 quality % and the dikaryon composition, and the content of isomer outside 4 '-MDI is the polymeric MDI of 10~20 quality %.
Polyvalent alcohol (second):
The average sense radix of nominal is 4, number-average molecular weight is 5000~10000 polyether glycol.
Flexibel polyurethane plate polymeric polyisocyanate of the present invention is that polymeric MDI described later (first) and polyvalent alcohol (second) carry out that the charging reaction obtains with (first)/(second)=80/20~95/5 (mass ratio) and isocyanate content is the polymeric polyisocyanate of 25~32 quality %.
For the mass ratio of polymeric MDI (first) and polyvalent alcohol (second), when polymeric MDI (first) is very few, the viscosity increased of the soft polyurethane foam board that obtains, the operability when soft polyurethane foam board is made reduces.On the other hand, when polymeric MDI (first) was too much, the intensity of the soft polyurethane foam board that obtains reduced.
Polymeric MDI used in the present invention (first) is described.
Polymeric MDI (first) is to carry out the resulting polymeric polyisocyanate of phosphinylidyne chlorination by the condenses with aniline and formaldehyde.Form with dikaryon (MDI) composition and plural coenocytic mixture in this polymeric MDI (first) exists.
When aniline and formaldehyde condensation,, can change isomer constituent ratio and dikaryon and coenocytic ratio in the dikaryon (MDI) by control raw material charge ratio and temperature of reaction.And then, by suitable mixing commercially available MDI and polymeric MDI, can control isomer constituent ratio and dikaryon composition and coenocytic ratio in dikaryon (MDI) composition.Can enumerate 2 in the isomer of MDI, 2 '-MDI, 2,4 '-MDI and 4,4 '-MDI.In following the present invention, " nuclear " of polymeric MDI is meant benzene ring structure.
The content of the dikaryon composition of polymeric MDI used in the present invention (first) is 50~80 quality %, and 4 in the dikaryon composition, and the content of isomer outside 4 '-MDI is 10~20 quality %.The dikaryon composition contain the quantity not sufficient lower limit time, the viscosity of the polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board that obtains improves, the operability when soft polyurethane foam board is made reduces.Surpass last prescribing a time limit, the low temperature storage stability of the polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board that obtains reduces.On the other hand, 4 in the dikaryon composition, in limited time, the low temperature storage of the polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board that obtains stability reduces under the content of isomer deficiency outside 4 '-MDI.Surpass last prescribing a time limit, the flexibility of the soft polyurethane foam board that obtains reduces.
In order to adjust flowability, hardness, expansion rate etc., can and use other isocyanic ester.Its specific examples comprises 2,2 '-MDI, 2,4 '-MDI, 4,4 '-MDI, 2,4-TDI, 2,6-TDI, PPDI, between the phenylene vulcabond, O-phthalic support vulcabond, between xylylene diisocyanate, the terephthaldehyde supports aromatic diisocyanates such as vulcabond, two isocyanic acid fourth diester, the hexamethylene vulcabond, the 2-methyl isophthalic acid, 5-pentane vulcabond, the 3-methyl isophthalic acid, aliphatic diisocyanates such as 5-pentane vulcabond, isophorone diisocyanate, the hydrogenation diphenylmethanediisocyanate, the hydrogenation tolylene diisocyanate, the hydrogenation xylylene diisocyanate, vulcabond such as alicyclic diisocyanate such as cyclohexyl diisocyanate, the biuret modified body of these vulcabond, the ester modified body of tricarbimide, the uretonimine-modified body, carbodiimide modification body, by polyalcohol modified polymeric polyisocyanate that contains urethane groups that causes etc.
Polyvalent alcohol used in the present invention (second) is that the average sense radix of nominal is 4, number-average molecular weight is 5000~10000 polyether glycol.The average sense radix of nominal is crossed when low and number-average molecular weight when too high, and the rerum natura of the soft polyurethane foam board that obtains can reduce.When the average sense radix of nominal is too high and number-average molecular weight cross when low, it is too high that the viscosity of the polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board that obtains can become.
Polyvalent alcohol used in the present invention (second) can be by being initiator with low molecule tetravalent alcohols such as tetramethylolmethanes for example, and ring opening polyaddition oxyethane (hereinafter referred is EO) and propylene oxide alkylene oxides such as (hereinafter referred are PO) obtain.In the present invention, so-called " the average sense radix of nominal " is meant the sense radix of the initiator that uses when obtaining polyvalent alcohol.
The present invention is characterised in that above-mentioned flexibel polyurethane plate to make it react the manufacture method of the soft polyurethane foam board of foaming with polymeric polyisocyanate (A), polyvalent alcohol (B), catalyzer (C), join continuously in the case or on the travelling belt as the water (D) of whipping agent and the mixed solution of surfactant (E).
Preferred polyhydric alcohols used in the present invention (B) is that the average sense radix of nominal is 2~5, number-average molecular weight is 3000~8000 polyoxyalkylene polyol, particularly preferably is the end capped polyoxypropylene polyol of end-rings oxidative ethane.If the number average molecule of polyvalent alcohol (B) is when quantity not sufficient 3000, foams can't obtain flexibility.On the other hand, if surpassed 8000, the viscosity of liquid is too high, and operability reduces.
This polyvalent alcohol (B) can be by at alkamine or quadrols, 1 such as polyalcohols such as water, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerine, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), tetramethylolmethane, sorbyl alcohol or diethanolamine, trolamine, tripropanol amines, and alkylene oxides such as open loop addition EO or PO prepare on the amines such as 6-hexanediamine, Triethylenetetramine (TETA), aniline, tolylene diamine, methylene dianiline (MDA).
The present invention is in order to improve flame retardant resistance and to regulate hardness, uses simultaneously preferably that solid substance part 15~50 quality %, the average sense radix of nominal are 2~4, number-average molecular weight is 1000~10000 polymer polyatomic alcohol.As the polyvalent alcohol that constitutes matrix, can use by at alkamine or quadrols, 1 such as polyalcohols such as water, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerine, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), tetramethylolmethane or diethanolamine, trolamine, tripropanol amine, the prepared polyether glycols of alkylene oxide such as addition of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide on the amines such as 6-hexanediamine, Triethylenetetramine (TETA), methylene dianiline (MDA).As the polymer beads composition, comprise the aminoplastics resinoid of the polymkeric substance of ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as being selected from vinyl cyanide, vinylbenzene, methyl methacrylate and/or urea, melamine, phenol.
Catalyzer used in the present invention (C) can use various urethane catalyzer well known in the art and catalyst for trimerization.Its specific examples comprises triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, dimethyl benzyl amine, N, N, N ', N '-tetramethyl-hexamethylene-diamine, N, N, N ', N '; N "-pentamethyl-diethylenetriamine, triethylenediamine, two (2-methyl ethylamino) ether, 1,8 diazabicyclos (5,4,0) undecylene 7 tertiary amines such as grade, dimethylethanolamine, the N-dimethyl amine, N, N-dimethyl-response type tertiary amine or their organic acid salts such as N-hexanol amine, the 1-Methylimidazole, glyoxal ethyline, 1,2 dimethylimidazole, 2, the 4-methylimidazole, imidazolium compoundss such as 1-butyl-glyoxal ethyline, stannous octoate (ス タ Na ス オ Network ト エ one ト), dibutyl tin laurate, organometallic compounds such as zinc naphthenate, 2,4,6-three (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 2,4,6-three (dialkyl aminoalkyl) six hydrogen-S-triazine, Potassium ethanoate, catalyst for trimerization such as 2 ethyl hexanoic acid potassium.The sour block thing that preferably contains tertiary amine in the catalyzer of the present invention (C).
The sour block thing of preferred tertiary amine comprises, with triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, dimethyl benzyl amine, N, N, N ', N '-tetramethyl-hexamethylene-diamine, N, N, N ', N ', N "-product of tertiary amine block such as pentamethyl-diethylenetriamine, triethylenediamine, two (2-methyl ethylamino) ether to the carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetate, propionic acid, oxalic acid, succsinic acid, hexanodioic acid, sebacic acid, nonane diacid.
The whipping agent (D) that the present invention uses is to foam by the carbon dioxide that isocyanate group and water reaction are produced, but for low densityization, also can use simultaneously under liquid state and mix carbonic acid gas, the mode of the foaming of gasifying during foaming.Amount with respect to organic polymeric polyisocyanate 100 mass parts water is preferably 2~20 mass parts.When using liquefied carbon dioxide gas at the same time, be preferably 0.5~6 mass parts with respect to organic its amount of polymeric polyisocyanate 100 mass parts.
Surfactant used in the present invention (E) is a silicone based tensio-active agent well known in the art, for example comprises Japanese You Nika (ユ ニ カ one) system L-520, L-540, L-5309, L-5366, SZ-1306, eastern beautiful DOW CORNING (East レ ダ ウ コ one ニ Application グ) system SH-190, SH-192, SH-193, SH-194, SRX-274C, SF-2962, SF-2964, GOLDSCHMIED (go one Le De シ ユ ミ ッ ト) system B-4113, B-8680, air Chemicals company limited (エ ア one プ ロ ダ Network Star) system DC-2583, DC-5043, DC-5169 etc.These surfactants preferably use 0.1~3 mass parts with respect to organic polymeric polyisocyanate 100 mass parts.
The present invention further can add other processing aids such as the connection agent of using EO/PO random copolymers etc., antioxidant, UV light absorber, tinting material, various weighting agent, inner pattern releasing agent applicable, mould inhibitor, antiseptic-germicide as required.These auxiliary agents can add in the polyvalent alcohol usually and use, and the processing aid that does not have the active hydrogen group that can react with isocyanic ester also can be pre-mixed in the isocyanate prepolymer composition.
Can be 0.5~1.5 (isocyanate index=50~150) in the equivalence ratio (NCO/NCO reactive group) of all isocyanate groups in organic polymeric polyisocyanate of the present invention and all isocyanate-reactive groups in the aqueous isocyanate-reactive compound, particularly preferably in the scope of 0.7~1.2 (isocyanate index=70~120), make.
Manufacturing installation of the present invention mixes with using the many components foaming machine with rotor rotary or the hybrid-type mixing head of impacting with high pressure well known in the art, by mixed liquid box shape of sending from mixing head or the cystose that obtains any size continuously in the travelling belt foaming as raw material.
Embodiment
Specify the present invention based on embodiment and comparative example below, but only otherwise exceeding it will put the present invention and just be not subject to these embodiment.In the absence about specifying, " part " in the literary composition, " % " are quality criteria.
(use raw material)
(1) isocyanic ester liquid
Polymeric MDI-1:
Polymeric MDI
Dikaryon content=70%
In the dikaryon 4, the content of isomer outside 4 '-MDI=15%
Viscosity 200mPas
NCO=32.1%
Polymeric MDI-2:
Polymeric MDI
Dikaryon content=70%
In the dikaryon 4, the content of isomer outside 4 '-MDI=5%
Viscosity 200mPas
NCO=32.1%
Polymeric MDI-3:
Polymeric MDI
Dikaryon content=70%
In the dikaryon 4, the content of isomer outside 4 '-MDI=40%
Viscosity 200mPas
NCO=32.1%
Polyvalent alcohol-1:
Poly-(oxypropylene) polyvalent alcohol
The average sense radix of nominal=4
Number-average molecular weight=8000
Polyvalent alcohol-2:
Poly-(oxypropylene) polyvalent alcohol
The average sense radix of nominal=3
Number-average molecular weight=6000
(2) polyvalent alcohol liquid
Polyvalent alcohol A:
End capped poly-(oxypropylene) polyvalent alcohol of terminal EO
Nominal official can radix=3
Number-average molecular weight=5000
EO content=14.5%
Polyvalent alcohol B:
The terminal EO end-blocking of polymer dispersed gathers (oxypropylene) polyvalent alcohol
The average sense radix of nominal=3
Number-average molecular weight=5000
EO content=14.5%
Type of polymer: polyacrylonitrile
Polymer content=20%
Catalyst A:
The carboxylic acid block thing of tertiary amine
Trade(brand)name " Toyocat NCT " (Japanese TOSOH Co., Ltd system)
Catalyst B:
Tertiary amine
Trade(brand)name " Toyocat ET " (Japanese TOSOH Co., Ltd system)
Catalyzer C:
The dipropylene glycol solution of tertiary amine
Trade(brand)name " Toyocat L-33 " (Japanese TOSOH Co., Ltd system)
Catalyzer D:
The dipropylene glycol solution of glyoxaline compound
Trade(brand)name " Toyocat DP-70 " (Japanese TOSOH Co., Ltd system)
Surfactant A:
Silicon class surfactant
Trade(brand)name " L-5309 " (the outstanding Buddhist nun's blocking of Japan)
Be communicated with agent A:
The EO/PO random copolymers
The average sense radix of nominal=4
Number-average molecular weight=8000
Be communicated with agent B:
The EO/PO random copolymers
The average sense radix of nominal=3
Number-average molecular weight=3400
(synthesizing of polymeric polyisocyanate liquid)
Embodiment 1
In the reactor that is equipped with agitator, cooling tube, nitrogen ingress pipe, thermometer, carry out quantitatively adding isocyanic ester and polyvalent alcohol according to the ratio shown in the table 1 after the nitrogen replacement, reacted 4 hours down at 80 ℃ in the time of stirring, obtain NCO-1.The isocyanate content of NCO-1 is 28.8%.
Embodiment 2~3, comparative example 1~6
According to the ratio shown in the table 1, prepare NCO-2~8 similarly to Example 1.NCO-9 is directly as NCO-9 with polymeric MDI-1.
Table 1
Storage stability: be used in 0 ℃ of outward appearance of preserving after 3 days down and assess
Zero → clarification
* → take place to be muddy, separate out, precipitation etc.
The low temperature storage of NCO-1~7 has good stability.On the other hand, produce the result of NCO-8,9 low temperature storage poor stability, the assessment after therefore not carrying out.
(preparation of polyvalent alcohol liquid)
Cooperate example 1~4
Prepare OH-1~4 according to the ratio shown in the table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 4~10, comparative example 6~10
According to the prescription of record in the table 3,4, adopt many components low pressure foaming machine of Cannon Viking company, make soft polyurethane foam board with following main points.Each composition that with temperature regulation to material temperature is 25 ± 2 ℃ mixes under the revolution of 4500rpm to give certainty ratio, is injected into continuously on the travelling belt of wide 750mm, is configured as the foam plate of long 2000mm, high 700mm.The urethane foam that obtains is placed diel after making, then, foams are cut into 300mm * 300mm * 50mm, measures its rerum natura.It the results are shown in Table 3 and 4.
Table 3
Figure G06168314020060407D000111
Table 4
In table 3,4, the state of foams: the state with the outward appearance of the foams after making etc. is assessed.
The measuring method of foams rerum natura
The mensuration of foams rerum natura is carried out according to JIS K6400 (1997), and unit is as follows.
In the present invention, obtain low temperature storage stability and the good polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board of plasticity.And, use the soft polyurethane foam board of this polymeric polyisocyanate to have stable and uniform modular construction, each rerum natura such as physical strength and compression set is also all good.On the other hand, 4, the average sense radix of nominal of the NCO-4 of the not enough lower limit of content of isomer outside 4 '-MDI, the NCO-5 that surpasses the upper limit, properties-correcting agent is not that 4 NCO-6 foams have taken place subsides the evaluation after not carrying out.And the NCO-7 that the modification amount is many takes place and polyvalent alcohol liquid mixing condition of poor.

Claims (3)

1. flexibel polyurethane plate polymeric polyisocyanate wherein prepares by polymeric MDI as follows (first) and polyvalent alcohol (second) are reacted with (first)/(second)=80/20~95/5 mass ratio, and the content of isocyanic ester is 25~32 quality %,
Polymeric MDI (first):
The content that is dikaryon (two nucleomes) composition is 4 in 50~80 quality % and the dikaryon composition, and the content of isomer outside 4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate is the polymeric MDI of 10~20 quality %,
Polyvalent alcohol (second):
The average sense radix of nominal is 4, number-average molecular weight is 5000~10000 polyether glycol.
2. the manufacture method of a soft polyurethane foam board is characterized in that the flexibel polyurethane plate of claim 1 record with polymeric polyisocyanate (A), polyvalent alcohol (B), catalyzer (C), join in the case continuously or on the travelling belt and react foaming as the mixed solution of the water (D) of whipping agent and surfactant (E).
3. the manufacture method of the soft polyurethane foam board of claim 2 record is characterized in that catalyzer (C) contains the sour block thing of tertiary amine.
CN2006100683140A 2005-03-31 2006-03-29 Polyisocyanates for soft polyurethane foam board and producing method for soft polyurethane foam board using same Expired - Fee Related CN1847281B (en)

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JP5201523B2 (en) * 2007-03-29 2013-06-05 日本ポリウレタン工業株式会社 Polyisocyanate composition for flexible polyurethane foam and method for producing flexible polyurethane foam using the composition
JP5429680B2 (en) * 2007-11-02 2014-02-26 日本ポリウレタン工業株式会社 Reaction curable polyurethane resin composition and two-component reaction curable polyurethane adhesive using the composition
CN101993520B (en) * 2009-08-24 2014-02-19 拜耳材料科技(中国)有限公司 Isocyanate terminated prepolymer as well as preparation method and application thereof
TW201217431A (en) * 2010-10-22 2012-05-01 jian-zhang Chen wherein the foaming material has excellent yellowing resistance, hydrolysis resiatance, degradation resistance, and better mechanical property
KR102543009B1 (en) * 2017-01-23 2023-06-14 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 Flexible Polyurethane Foam and Manufacturing Method
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CN1088222A (en) * 1991-12-17 1994-06-22 帝国化学工业公司 Urethane foam
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