CN1846911A - Intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force - Google Patents
Intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force Download PDFInfo
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- CN1846911A CN1846911A CN 200610038219 CN200610038219A CN1846911A CN 1846911 A CN1846911 A CN 1846911A CN 200610038219 CN200610038219 CN 200610038219 CN 200610038219 A CN200610038219 A CN 200610038219A CN 1846911 A CN1846911 A CN 1846911A
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Abstract
The intelligent high speed machining electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force is digitally controlled machine tool equipment. It consists of one mechanical part and one electrically controlling part. The mechanical part includes main shaft, motor mounted in the middle part of the main shaft, rolling bearings to support the main shaft, actuator on the rolling bearing in the back end of the main shaft, and linear bearing to support the rolling bearing in the back end of the main shaft. The electrically controlling part includes encoder as the signal input to acquire the signal of the main shaft, monolithic computer to process the signal from the encoder, switch power amplifier, proportional solenoid valve serving as the signal output and connected via oil path to the actuator, and hydraulic oil station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Digit Control Machine Tool High-speed machining main axle unit equipment that is used for, belong to the technical field that electromechanical integration equipment is made.
Background technology
During high speed machining of electric main shaft roughing, cutting speed is low but cutting output is big, the Tool in Cutting exciting force is big, require electric main shaft to export big torque, this moment, electric chief axis system required to have bigger pretightning force, to increase support stiffness and supporting damping, resist forced vibration that big exciting force brings and because the workpiece working angles might cause self-excited vibration; During fine finishining, cutting speed height but cutting output is little requires electric main shaft output high-power, because rolling bearing is with the rising of rotating speed, its temperature will rise significantly, wish this moment to reduce the pretightning force of bearing under the prerequisite that satisfies the requirement of axis system dynamics as far as possible.
The size of the level pressure pretightning force of present traditional electric main shaft is taken into account low speed high torque and high-speed high-power two aspect factors and is comprehensively determined, its significant disadvantages is: for low speed segment, pretightning force is less than normal, system opposing forced vibration and self-excited vibration ability a little less than, it is bigger often to show the residual chatter mark of workpiece machined surface; For high regime, pretightning force is bigger than normal again, and bearing temperature rise is higher, has restricted electric main shaft high speed, has shortened the service life of bearing, reduces electric spindle rotation accuracy.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: at the problem that exists in present traditional electric spindle vibration control and the pretightning force design, the present invention proposes a kind of intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force, this is a kind of flexible member and the novel electric main shaft of hydraulic actuator mixing firmly beforehand means, pretightning force intellectuality by electric main shaft is controlled, to obtain the colory electric main shaft of dynamics in low speed high torque section and the whole working speed scope of high-speed high-power section.
Technical scheme: the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: mix the pretightning force actuator with spring-hydraulic pressure, replace the single pretension force mechanism of traditional electric main shaft spring; Set up electric main shaft axial pre tightening force hydraulic actuation application of force electromechanical assembly, its element is followed successively by: photoelectric coding tachogenerator-D/A converter-digitial controller-power amplifier-hydraulic proportional magnetic valve-hydraulic actuator-electric main shaft rolling bearing etc.; The anterior member photoelectric coding tachogenerator of axial pre tightening force hydraulic actuation application of force electromechanical assembly is connected with spindle nose, to measure the spindle end rotating speed, the hydraulic actuator of being controlled its end component by axial pre tightening force hydraulic actuation application of force electromechanical assembly is connected with electric mainshaft rear bearing, realizes the pretightning force Based Intelligent Control also to use with spring.
Structurally, intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force is grouped into by mechanical part and electric control part, wherein mechanical part has: main shaft, motor, rolling bearing, actuator, linear bearing, and automatically controlled part has: encoder, single-chip microcomputer, close power amplifier, proportion magnetic valve, hydraulic oil unit; Motor is installed in the middle part of main shaft, and the front and back ends of main shaft is supported by rolling bearing, and the rolling bearing of rear-end of spindle is bearing on the linear bearing, and actuator is positioned on the rolling bearing of rear-end of spindle; Encoder is the signal input part of automatically controlled part, is positioned at the side of front-end of spindle, the signal of the main shaft gathered is delivered to single-chip microcomputer handle, and proportion magnetic valve is the signal output part of automatically controlled part, and proportion magnetic valve joins by level pressure oil circuit and actuator.The output of encoder connects the input " P1.1 " of single-chip microcomputer, and the output of single-chip microcomputer " P1.3 " connects the input " Hin, Lin " of close power amplifier, the output termination proportion magnetic valve of close power amplifier, the input of the output termination proportion magnetic valve of hydraulic oil unit.Actuator is the oil pocket that an inside is provided with preloading spring, and oil pocket links to each other with proportion magnetic valve by pipeline, and the two bearings that the two ends of preloading spring withstand on linear bearing respectively puts.
Record electric spindle rotor rotating speed analog signal by the photoelectric coding tachogenerator, by the A/D modular converter analog signal is changed into data signal, the input singlechip controller, in data storage, read proportional solenoid valve control optimum current by the algorithm of tabling look-up corresponding to corresponding rotating speed, again by the D/A modular converter, data signal is changed into analog signal, and by power amplifier output amplified current, the control ratio magnetic valve, by hydraulic jack (with the spring pretension and with) apply axial pre tightening force to bearing, to realize the best pretightning force intellectuality vibration control of high-speed electric main shaft.
When maximum speed, its pretightning force is provided by flexible member, when rotating speed is low, the control oil pressure by hydraulic cylinder piston (with flexible member also with) apply pretightning force, reaching the best preload value that adapts with rotating speed, thereby obtain the colory novel electric main axle unit technology of dynamics in whole working speed scope.
Intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force of the present invention, its work course of work is: electric main shaft adopts flexible member and hydraulic actuator mixing firmly beforehand means, by means of the controlled open cycle system of the pretightning force of tachogenerator-controller-amplifier-hydraulic actuator-electric main shaft, when maximum speed, its pretightning force is provided by flexible member, when rotating speed is low, the control oil pressure by hydraulic cylinder piston (with flexible member also with) apply pretightning force, reaching the best preload value that adapts with rotating speed, thereby obtain the electric main shaft of the good dynamics quality in containing the whole working speed scope of low speed high torque section and high-speed high-power section.
Beneficial effect fruit: suppress spindle vibration by the intelligent control of pretightning force, it is less than normal in the low speed segment pretightning force to break through traditional high speed machining of electric main shaft, and high regime pretightning force this technical barrier bigger than normal is expected really to realize the technological break-through of quaternities such as high speed, high rigidity, high accuracy, long-life.Pretightning force intellectuality by electric main shaft is controlled, to obtain the colory electric main shaft of dynamics in low speed high torque section and the whole working speed scope of high-speed high-power section.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of automatically controlled part among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of actuator part among Fig. 1.
Have among the above figure: main shaft 1, motor 2, rolling bearing 3, encoder 4., single-chip microcomputer 5, close power amplifier 6, proportional pressure valve 7, hydraulic oil unit 8, actuator 9, bearing holder (housing, cover) 9-1, oil pocket 9-2, preloading spring 9-3, linear bearing 10.
The specific embodiment
Intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force of the present invention adopts following critical piece to constitute:
Encoder 4 adopts photoelectric encoder: EPC-755A, U.S. ENCODER PRODUCTS company;
Single-chip microcomputer 5 adopts digitial controller: Intel single-chip microcomputer (8), 83C51GB, 87C51GB;
Close power amplifier 6 adopts A/D converter: ADC0808 American National Instrument Semiconductor company; And D/A converter: DAC0830 series, American National Instrument Semiconductor company;
Proportional pressure valve 7 is: PV21-6;
Power amplifier adopts devices such as IRF540 and MUR820;
Hydraulic oil unit 8 is: Hydraulic Elements factory of Southeast China University, DNHY-12 type.
Mechanical part has: main shaft 1, motor 2, rolling bearing 3, actuator 9, linear bearing 10, and automatically controlled part has: encoder 4, single-chip microcomputer 5, close power amplifier 6, proportion magnetic valve 7, hydraulic oil unit 8; Motor 2 is installed in the middle part of main shaft 1, and the front and back ends of main shaft 1 is by rolling bearing 3 supportings, and the rolling bearing 3 of main shaft 1 rear end is bearing on the linear bearing 11, and actuator 9 is positioned on the rolling bearing 3 of main shaft 1 rear end; Encoder 4 is the signal input part of automatically controlled part, is positioned at the side of main shaft 1 front end, the signal of the main shaft 1 gathered is delivered to single-chip microcomputer 5 handle, and proportion magnetic valve 7 is the signal output part of automatically controlled part, and proportion magnetic valve 7 joins by level pressure oil circuit and actuator 9.The output of the encoder 4 of described automatically controlled part connects the input " P1.1 " of single-chip microcomputer 5, the output of single-chip microcomputer 5 " P1.3 " connects the input " Hin, Lin " of close power amplifier 6, the output termination proportion magnetic valve 7 of close power amplifier 6, the input of the output termination proportion magnetic valve 7 of hydraulic oil unit 8.Actuator 9 is the oil pocket 9-2 that an inside is provided with preloading spring 9-3, and oil pocket 9-2 links to each other with proportion magnetic valve 7 by pipeline, and the two ends of preloading spring 9-3 withstand on respectively on the diaxon bearing sleeve 9-1 of linear bearing 10.
Claims (3)
1. intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force, it is characterized in that this electricity main shaft is grouped into by mechanical part and electric control part, wherein mechanical part has: main shaft (1), motor (2), rolling bearing (3), actuator (9), linear bearing (10), and automatically controlled part has: encoder (4), single-chip microcomputer (5), close power amplifier (6), proportion magnetic valve (7), hydraulic oil unit (8); Motor (2) is installed in the middle part of main shaft (1), and the front and back ends of main shaft (1) is by rolling bearing (3) supporting, and the rolling bearing (3) of main shaft (1) rear end is bearing on the linear bearing (11), and actuator (9) is positioned on the rolling bearing (3) of main shaft (1) rear end; Encoder (4) is the signal input part of automatically controlled part, be positioned at the side of main shaft (1) front end, the signal of the main shaft (1) gathered is delivered to single-chip microcomputer (5) handle, proportion magnetic valve (7) is the signal output part of automatically controlled part, and proportion magnetic valve (7) joins by level pressure oil circuit and actuator (9).
2. intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the output of the encoder (4) of described automatically controlled part connects the input " P1.1 " of single-chip microcomputer (5), the output " P1.3 " of single-chip microcomputer (5) connects the input " Hin, Lin " of close power amplifier (6), the output termination proportion magnetic valve (7) of close power amplifier (6), the input of the output termination proportion magnetic valve (7) of hydraulic oil unit (8).
3. intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force according to claim 1, it is characterized in that actuator (9) is the oil pocket (9-2) that an inside is provided with preloading spring (9-3), oil pocket (9-2) links to each other with proportion magnetic valve (7) by pipeline, and the two ends of preloading spring (9-3) withstand on respectively on the diaxon bearing sleeve (9-1) of linear bearing (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100382196A CN100402206C (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2006-02-10 | Intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100382196A CN100402206C (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2006-02-10 | Intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force |
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| CN1846911A true CN1846911A (en) | 2006-10-18 |
| CN100402206C CN100402206C (en) | 2008-07-16 |
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| CNB2006100382196A Expired - Fee Related CN100402206C (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2006-02-10 | Intelligent high speed machining of electric main shaft with controllable pre-fastening force |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101941152A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2011-01-12 | 沈阳第一机床厂 | High-speed turn-milling combined machining power electric main shaft device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102310203A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-01-11 | 西安交通大学 | High-speed main shaft with controllable non-uniformly distributed pre-tightening force and control method thereof based on regulation and control of hydraulic system |
| CN102528560A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method for measuring static pre-tightening force of main shaft bearing of machine tool |
| CN102554280A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-07-11 | 上海大学 | High speed electric spindle with preload control device |
| WO2012174762A1 (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-27 | 西安交通大学 | Non-uniform-distribution pretightening-force-controllable high-speed main shaft based on piezoelectric actuator and control method thereof |
| CN102886709A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-23 | 华东交通大学 | Hydraulic gasket type device for adjusting constant rigidity of ball screw |
| CN104985201A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-10-21 | 西安交通大学 | Programmable intelligent electric spindle |
| WO2020019377A1 (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 东南大学 | Dynamic design method for high-speed duplex rolling bearing electric spindle rotor system |
| CN110805643A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-18 | 西安交通大学 | Self-powered rotating shaft vibration active control system and active control method |
| EP3778078A4 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-10-27 | Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd. | Main shaft device of machine tool |
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| CN101829791A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-09-15 | 宁波市镇海众鑫数控(自动化)机床厂 | There is checkout gear can eliminate the electric main shaft of axial displacement |
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| JPH0890304A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-04-09 | Enshu Ltd | Main spindle device of metal cutting machine tool |
| JPH1089355A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-07 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Preload control device for main spindle bearing |
| JP2004036748A (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-02-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Spindle device and preload control method |
| JP2004034222A (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-02-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Main spindle unit and method for controlling preload |
| CN2583862Y (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2003-10-29 | 朱永华 | Bidirectional composite pretightening follow-up compensating mechanism electric mainshaft |
| CN2644055Y (en) * | 2003-08-02 | 2004-09-29 | 无锡机床股份有限公司 | Adjustable prefastening machanism of electric main axle |
| CN1259162C (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2006-06-14 | 湖南大学 | High speed main shaft pretension method and apparatus by integration of constant pressure pretension with positioning pretension |
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2006
- 2006-02-10 CN CNB2006100382196A patent/CN100402206C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101941152B (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-10-31 | 沈阳第一机床厂 | High-speed turn-milling combined machining power electric main shaft device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101941152A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2011-01-12 | 沈阳第一机床厂 | High-speed turn-milling combined machining power electric main shaft device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102310203A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-01-11 | 西安交通大学 | High-speed main shaft with controllable non-uniformly distributed pre-tightening force and control method thereof based on regulation and control of hydraulic system |
| CN102310203B (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | High-speed main shaft with controllable non-uniformly distributed pre-tightening force and control method thereof based on regulation and control of hydraulic system |
| WO2012174762A1 (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-27 | 西安交通大学 | Non-uniform-distribution pretightening-force-controllable high-speed main shaft based on piezoelectric actuator and control method thereof |
| WO2012174761A1 (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-27 | 西安交通大学 | Non-uniform-distribution pretightening-force-controllable high-speed main shaft based on regulation and control of hydraulic system and control method thereof |
| CN102554280A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-07-11 | 上海大学 | High speed electric spindle with preload control device |
| CN102528560B (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2014-06-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method for measuring static pre-tightening force of main shaft bearing of machine tool |
| CN102528560A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method for measuring static pre-tightening force of main shaft bearing of machine tool |
| CN102886709A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-23 | 华东交通大学 | Hydraulic gasket type device for adjusting constant rigidity of ball screw |
| CN102886709B (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2014-09-24 | 华东交通大学 | Hydraulic gasket type device for adjusting constant rigidity of ball screw |
| CN104985201A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-10-21 | 西安交通大学 | Programmable intelligent electric spindle |
| CN104985201B (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-04-26 | 西安交通大学 | Programmable intelligent electric spindle |
| EP3778078A4 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-10-27 | Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd. | Main shaft device of machine tool |
| WO2020019377A1 (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 东南大学 | Dynamic design method for high-speed duplex rolling bearing electric spindle rotor system |
| CN110805643A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-18 | 西安交通大学 | Self-powered rotating shaft vibration active control system and active control method |
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| CN100402206C (en) | 2008-07-16 |
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Granted publication date: 20080716 Termination date: 20110210 |