A kind of envelope storehouse method of dry-method red mud storage yard
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of envelope storehouse method of stockyard, the envelope storehouse method of the dry-method red mud storage yard that discharges in particularly a kind of alumina producing.
Background technology
Red mud is the solid slag of discharging in the aluminum oxide production process, and the discharging of red mud is divided into the dry method discharging and wet method is discharged two kinds.The red mud of dry method discharging, the water ratio when entering the stockyard be less than 47%, through the stockyard after fixed, the surface drainage of seasoning, form the solid shape red mud accumulation body of water ratio about 26%, along with increasing step by step of sub-dam, the accumulation body height also raises gradually, and surperficial airing area dwindles gradually.Can not satisfy the airing needs when the storehouse top area is retracted to, or when having reached the stability Calculation limiting altitude and can not continue upwards to store up because of piling height, the stockyard loses use value, need seal the storehouse and handle.According to the relevant regulations of environment protection, the greening of should reclaiming behind the envelope storehouse, stockyard.
The envelope storehouse of red mud dump is different with common solid waste.Because wastewater from red mud is strong basicity, the antiseepage behind the red mud dump envelope storehouse is required more than common solid waste height.In the selection of the back plant of reclaiming, should select alkaline-resisting, the underdeveloped plant of root system, prevent that root system of plant from penetrating impervious barrier.
The envelope storehouse in the envelope storehouse of dry method red mud storage yard and wet red mud storage yard and other wet method mine tailing storehouse also has than big difference.Red mud water ratio in the wet red mud storage yard is higher, and its dam body intensity can be born higher hydraulic pressure power, and is less demanding to the yard drain behind the envelope storehouse.Dry method red mud storage yard is quite different, the water content of red mud accumulation body height directly has influence on the mechanical strength and the stability of stack in the storehouse, surperficial rainwater behind the requirement envelope storehouse can in time be discharged outside the storehouse, can not accumulate for a long time in the storehouse, and water exhaust system validity is had relatively high expectations.And the envelope storehouse method of dry-method red mud storage yard of the prior art not too meets the requirement of above-mentioned antiseepage, draining, greening and maintenance stockyard stability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: a kind of envelope storehouse method of dry method red mud storage yard is provided, and antiseepage, draining and the greening that can satisfy behind the dry method red mud storage yard envelope storehouse require and keep the stability in stockyard.
The present invention constitutes like this: a kind of envelope storehouse method of dry-method red mud storage yard, and impervious barrier 2 is laid on red mud layer 1 surface after dry-method red mud storage yard is stopped using earlier; Level runs through the dam-through pipe 4 more than one or on absolute altitude concordant with the impervious barrier upper surface on the sub-dam 3 of final stage, the dam-through pipe of inboard, the sub-dam of final stage connects one or more than one water shoots 5, have one or more water vent 6 on the water shoot, should be a little more than interface when water shoot is laid near the center, reservoir area; Below with sandy gravel 7 water shoot being buried in then, form layer of displacement 8; On layer of displacement, re-lay and plough soil layer 9, at the surperficial Turf Culture 10 of ploughing soil layer, at the intersection of ploughing soil layer and the sub-dam of final stage waterways 11 is set, the bottom in waterways also is connected with one or more than one dam-through pipes, the dam-through pipe in the outside, the sub-dam of final stage connects the straight water pipe 12 parallel with dam body, and straight water pipe is through to the Ba Jiao waterways on the sub-dam of next stage.
In the envelope storehouse method of above-mentioned dry-method red mud storage yard, impervious barrier 2 is formed by three layers, and bottom one deck is laid 300-500mm thick clay seam 13 and compacting earlier, re-lays one deck anti-seepage geomembrane 14, and then lays thick clay seam of one deck 300-500mm and compacting.
In the envelope storehouse method of aforesaid dry-method red mud storage yard, sandy gravel 7 laying depths of layer of displacement 8 are 300-500mm.
In the envelope storehouse method of aforesaid dry-method red mud storage yard, the laying depth of ploughing soil layer 9 is 400-600mm, and the surface of ploughing soil layer is a vertex with the center, reservoir area, with the gradient of 1%-3% to around the sub-dam of final stage tilt.
In the envelope storehouse method of aforesaid dry-method red mud storage yard, plough 9 kinds of turfs of planting 10 of soil layer and should select alkali proof kind.
In the envelope storehouse method of aforesaid dry-method red mud storage yard, the amount of rainfall that the caliber of the size in waterways 11, water shoot 5 and dam-through pipe 4 compiles according to the top, storehouse calculates to be determined, water shoot 5 can adopt steel pipe or the perforation cast iron pipe or the perforated plastic pipe of perforation.Dam-through pipe 4 can adopt steel pipe or cast iron pipe.
In the envelope storehouse method of aforesaid dry-method red mud storage yard, when clay soil source is not enough, can all or part of dried red mud substitute for clay layer 13 with compacting.
Compared with prior art, the envelope storehouse method of dry method red mud storage yard provided by the invention can satisfy antiseepage, draining and greening requirement after dry method red mud storage yard seals the storehouse, and environmental protection and afforestation effect are good, and keep the stability in stockyard.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is an envelope of the present invention dam structural representation;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram on envelope of the present invention dam;
Being labeled as in the accompanying drawing: 1-red mud layer, the 2-impervious barrier, the sub-dam of 3-final stage, the 4-dam-through pipe, the 5-water shoot, the 6-water vent, the 7-sandy gravel, the 8-layer of displacement, 9-ploughs soil layer, 10-turf, 11-waterways, 12-straight water pipe, 13-clay seam, 14-anti-seepage geomembrane.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention: as shown in Figure 1, the red mud laminar surface after the stockyard is stopped using is laid 400mm thick clay seam 13 and compacting earlier, re-lays one deck anti-seepage geomembrane 14, and then lays thick clay seam 13 of 400mm and compacting, finishes the construction of impervious barrier.
Lay the thick sandy gravel layer of displacement 8 of 400mm on the impervious barrier, several perforated drain pipes 5 are set in the layer of displacement 8.Water shoot 5 is connected with dam-through pipe 4, ponding in the storehouse can be discharged to the Ba Jiao waterways on the sub-dam of next stage by dam-through pipe 4, discharges outside the storehouse downwards step by step again.
On the layer of displacement 8, lay the thick cultivated soil layer 9 of 500mm, ploughing soil layer 9 surfaces is vertex with the center, reservoir area, with the sub-dam around the gradient aspect of 1%-3%.At the intersection of ploughing soil layer 9 surfaces and sub-dam waterways 11 is set, every waterways 11 is provided with a dam-through pipe 4 the surperficial rainwater of collecting in the ditch is passed the Ba Jiao waterways that sub-dam is discharged to the sub-dam of next stage, discharges outside the storehouse downwards step by step again.
At last, at the surperficial Turf Culture 10 of ploughing soil layer 9, finish envelope storehouse engineering.Turf 10 should be selected alkali proof kind, generally can select the identical kind of turf protective layer with sub-dam outer slope.
The amount of rainfall that the caliber of the size in waterways 11, water shoot 5 and dam-through pipe 4 compiles according to the top, storehouse calculates to be determined.
When clay soil source is not enough, can all or part of dried red mud substitute for clay layer with compacting.
Water shoot 5 can adopt steel pipe or the perforation cast iron pipe or the perforated plastic pipe of perforation.Dam-through pipe 4 can adopt steel pipe or cast iron pipe.