CN1837111B - 模造玻璃透镜模仁及其制造方法 - Google Patents

模造玻璃透镜模仁及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1837111B
CN1837111B CN200510033808A CN200510033808A CN1837111B CN 1837111 B CN1837111 B CN 1837111B CN 200510033808 A CN200510033808 A CN 200510033808A CN 200510033808 A CN200510033808 A CN 200510033808A CN 1837111 B CN1837111 B CN 1837111B
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glass lens
core substrate
molded glass
die core
rhenium
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CN1837111A (zh
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吕昌岳
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to US11/322,064 priority patent/US20060213227A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
    • C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
    • C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
    • C03B11/084—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses material composition or material properties of press dies therefor
    • C03B11/086—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses material composition or material properties of press dies therefor of coated dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
    • C03B2215/02—Press-mould materials
    • C03B2215/08—Coated press-mould dies
    • C03B2215/10—Die base materials
    • C03B2215/12—Ceramics or cermets, e.g. cemented WC, Al2O3 or TiC
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
    • C03B2215/02—Press-mould materials
    • C03B2215/08—Coated press-mould dies
    • C03B2215/14—Die top coat materials, e.g. materials for the glass-contacting layers
    • C03B2215/16—Metals or alloys, e.g. Ni-P, Ni-B, amorphous metals
    • C03B2215/17—Metals or alloys, e.g. Ni-P, Ni-B, amorphous metals comprising one or more of the noble meals, i.e. Ag, Au, platinum group metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种模造玻璃透镜模仁，其包括一模仁基底及一位于其上的镀膜，该模仁基底以纳米碳纤维为基材，纳米粒子填充其中，该纳米粒子为铼、铼-铱合金、铂或铂-铱合金。本发明还提供一种模造玻璃透镜模仁的制造方法，其包括如下步骤：采用纳米碳纤维制作一模仁基底，在纳米碳纤维中混合纳米粒子，该纳米粒子为铼、铼-铱合金、铂或铂-铱合金；在该模仁基底表面形成一层镀膜。

Description

模造玻璃透镜模仁及其制造方法
【技术领域】
本发明是关于一种模造玻璃透镜模仁及其制造方法。
【背景技术】
模仁广泛应用于模压成型制程，特别是制造光学玻璃产品，如非球面玻璃透镜、球透镜、棱镜等，采用直接模压成型(DirectPress-molding)技术可直接生产光学玻璃产品，无需打磨、抛光等后续加工步骤，可大大提高生产效率及产量，且产品质量好。但直接模压成型法对于模仁的化学稳定性、抗热冲击性能、机械强度、表面光滑度等要求非常高。因此，模压成型技术的发展实际上主要取决于模仁材料及模仁制造技术的进步。对于模压成型的模仁一般有以下要求：
(1)在高温时，具有良好的刚性、耐机械冲击强度及足够硬度；
(2)在反复及快速加热冷却的热冲击下模仁不产生裂纹及变形；
(3)在高温时模仁成型表面与光学玻璃不发生化学反应，不黏附玻璃；
(4)不发生高温氧化；
(5)加工性能好，易加工成高精度及高表面光洁度的型面；
(6)成本低。
传统模仁大多采用不锈钢或耐热合金作为模仁材料，这种模仁容易发生高温氧化，在反复热冲击作用下，会发生晶粒长大，从而模仁表面变粗糙，黏结玻璃。
为解决上述问题，非金属及超硬合金被用于模仁。据报导，碳化硅(SiC)、氮化硅(Si3N4)、碳化钛(TiC)、碳化钨(WC)及碳化钨-钴合金已经被用于制造模仁。然而，上述各种碳化物陶瓷硬度非常高，很难加工成所需要的外形，特别是高精度非球面形。而超硬合金除难以加工外，使用一段时间之后还可能发生高温氧化。
因此，以碳化物或超硬合金为模仁基底，其表面形成有其它材料镀层或覆层的复合结构模仁成为新的发展方向。
美国专利第5,202,156号揭示一种制备用于光学玻璃产品的复合结构模仁的方法。其采用高强度的超硬合金、碳化物陶瓷或金属陶瓷作为模仁基底，并在模仁基底的模压面形成一层类金刚石膜(DLC，Diamond Like Carbon)。
然而，一般模造玻璃透镜是在约2M Pa的压力及400-600℃的温度下制作而成，该温度及压力对所用模仁的强度要求较高，在该温度、压力下使用较长时间后，模仁常因强度不能满足要求而出现裂纹，断裂等情形，造成使用寿命降低。
有鉴于此，提供一种高强度的模造玻璃透镜模仁及其制造方法实为必要。
【发明内容】
以下，将以若干实施例说明一种高强度的模造玻璃透镜模仁。
以及通过这些实施例说明一种高强度的模造玻璃透镜模仁的制造方法。
为实现上述内容，提供一种模造玻璃透镜模仁，其包括一模仁基底及一位于其上的镀膜，该模仁基底由填充纳米粒子的纳米碳纤维烧结而成，该纳米粒子为铼、铼-铱合金、铂或铂-铱合金.
以及，提供一种模造玻璃透镜模仁的制造方法，其包括如下步骤：采用纳米碳纤维制作一模仁基底；在该模仁基底表面形成一层镀膜。其中，该模仁基底的制作方法包括如下步骤：在纳米碳纤维中混合纳米粒子，该纳米粒子为铼、铼-铱合金、铂或铂-铱合金；烧结，使两者复合形成基材；将设计好的光学几何形状雕刻在复合的基材上。
相较于现有技术，本发明模造玻璃透镜模仁利用纳米碳纤维的优良机械性质，其中，纳米碳纤维提供模仁基底的基本架构，纳米粒子起到增韧作用，两者烧结后材料的强度提高，而且在高模造温度及压力下，纳米碳纤维中所含的碳氧化成气态化合物，更进一步提供了对已烧结的纳米粒子的离型能力，使材料整体强度提高。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明模造玻璃透镜模仁的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
纳米碳纤维由于其自身的结构特性，具有良好的机械性质，其杨氏模量约为钢铁的5～6倍，约为1万亿帕斯卡。其拉伸系数可达440GPa以上，而钢材的拉伸系数仅为205Gpa。碳纤维的拉伸强度可达3500～5300MPa，而钢材的拉伸强度仅为1240MPa。因此，我们可以利用纳米碳纤维的上述特性，以纳米碳纤维为基本架构制作新型模造玻璃透镜模仁结构。
请参阅图1，是本实施方式模造玻璃透镜模仁示意图。该模仁10包括一模仁基底11及一位于该模仁基底11表面的镀膜12。该模仁基底11以纳米碳纤维13为基材，以纳米铼(Rhenium，Rh)、铼(Rh)-铱(Iridium，Ir)合金、铂(Platinum，Pt)或铂(Pt)-铱(Ir)合金等纳米粒子14填充于其中。
上述模造玻璃透镜模仁10的制作方法为：在纳米碳纤维13中填充纳米铼、铼-铱合金、铂或铂-铱合金等纳米粒子14，然后进行烧结，将纳米碳纤维13与纳米粒子14相复合，然后将设计好的光学几何形状雕刻在该复合的基材上，从而形成新型的模造玻璃透镜模仁基底11。然后再在该模仁基底11表面以溅镀、旋涂、化学气相沉积等方法形成一镀膜12。
由于纳米碳纤维的良好的机械性质，在该模仁基底11中，纳米碳纤维13提供模仁基底11的基本架构，纳米粒子14起到增韧作用，两者烧结后材料的强度提高，而且在高模造温度、压力下，纳米碳纤维13中所含的碳氧化成气态化合物，更进一步提供了对已烧结的纳米粒子14的离型能力，使材料整体强度提高。

Claims (4)

1.一种模造玻璃透镜模仁，其包括一模仁基底与一位于该模仁基底表面的镀膜，其特征在于：该模仁基底由填充纳米粒子的纳米碳纤维烧结而成，该纳米粒子为铼、铼-铱合金、铂或铂-铱合金。
2.一种模造玻璃透镜模仁的制造方法，其制造方法包括如下步骤：
采用纳米碳纤维制作一模仁基底，在纳米碳纤维中混合纳米粒子，该纳米粒子为铼、铼-铱合金、铂或铂-铱合金；
在该模仁基底表面形成一层镀膜。
3.如权利要求2所述的模造玻璃透镜模仁的制造方法，其特征在于：该模仁基底的制作方法包括如下步骤：
烧结，使纳米碳纤维和纳米粒子复合形成基材；
将设计好的光学几何形状雕刻在复合的基材上。
4.如权利要求2所述的模造玻璃透镜模仁的制造方法，其特征在于：该镀膜采用溅镀、旋涂、化学气相沉积方法形成。
CN200510033808A 2005-03-23 2005-03-23 模造玻璃透镜模仁及其制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1837111B (zh)

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US11/322,064 US20060213227A1 (en) 2005-03-23 2005-12-29 Mold and a method for manufacturing the mold

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JP5028502B2 (ja) * 2010-01-22 2012-09-19 株式会社豊田中央研究所 金型、凝固体およびそれらの製造方法
TWI561479B (en) * 2011-12-01 2016-12-11 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd Mold core and method for making the same

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US5380349A (en) * 1988-12-07 1995-01-10 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Mold having a diamond layer, for molding optical elements
CN1541960A (zh) * 2003-04-28 2004-11-03 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 一种用于制造光学玻璃产品的模具及该模具的制造方法

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