CN1835920A - (-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]-硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钾或钠盐及它们在医药上的用途 - Google Patents
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]-硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钾或钠盐及它们在医药上的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1835920A CN1835920A CNA2004800232944A CN200480023294A CN1835920A CN 1835920 A CN1835920 A CN 1835920A CN A2004800232944 A CNA2004800232944 A CN A2004800232944A CN 200480023294 A CN200480023294 A CN 200480023294A CN 1835920 A CN1835920 A CN 1835920A
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- ethyl
- phenyl
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- carbamyl
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Abstract
一种(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钾盐或钠盐、它们的制备方法、它们在治疗包括无论是否伴随胰岛素抵抗的脂质紊乱(异常脂血症)和其它代谢综合征表现的临床疾病中的用途和包含它们的药用组合物。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及某些新的(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]-丙酸的盐(特别是其钾和钠盐),制备这样的化合物的方法,它们在治疗包括无论是否伴随胰岛素抵抗的脂质紊乱(异常脂血症)和其它代谢综合征表现的临床疾病中的用途、它们的治疗应用的方法以及包含它们的药用组合物。
发明背景
包括2型糖尿病的代谢综合征是指一组包括伴随高胰岛素血症的胰岛素抵抗、可能的2型糖尿病、高动脉压、中心性(内脏)肥胖、检测的脂蛋白水平紊乱(通常特征性表现为VLDL(极低密度脂蛋白)、低密度LDL微粒升高而HDL(高密度脂蛋白)浓度降低)的异常脂血症和降低的纤维蛋白溶解的临床表现。
最近的流行病学调查证明患有胰岛素抵抗的个体出现心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率的危险明显增加,特别容易罹患心肌梗塞和中风。动脉粥样硬化相关的疾病在2型糖尿病中的死亡原因高达80%。
临床医学上认识到需要提高代谢综合征患者的胰岛素敏感性,从而纠正被认为导致动脉粥样硬化加速进展的异常脂血症。但是,目前这一点仍未被普遍接受为有明确定义的药物治疗适应症的诊断。
同时待审的PCT申请号PCT/GB02/05743公开了为选择性PPARα调节剂的式A的化合物
其中R1表示氯、氟或羟基,及其旋光异构体和外消旋体和药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂化物及其结晶形式(见T.M.Willson等在JMed Chem 2000年,43卷,527页中对PPARs(过氧化物酶体增殖子-活化的受体)的综述)。这些化合物有效地治疗与胰岛素抵抗有关的疾病。在PCT/GB02/05743中没有公开具体的式A化合物的药学上可接受的盐。而且,没有提供资料涉及可制备式A化合物怎样的结晶形式及其具体的盐。在该申请书中R1表示羟基的化合物的(-)对映体被制备成游离酸。但是,该化合物呈具有糖浆样稠度的浓稠油状物,由于不能流动,从而不适合用于药用制剂。因此需要具备适合用于药用制剂的物理和化学特性的该化合物的固体衍生物。已尝试了多种盐,但其中大多数或不能形成固态或为具有低玻璃转换温度的非晶形。现在发现了具备适用于药用制剂特性的盐。
在药物组合物的配制中,重要的是药物物质的形式应方便操作和处理。这一点不仅从获得有利于商业运作的制备方法方面来看,而且从后来的含有活性化合物的药用制剂的制备方面来看都是重要的。
而且,在药物组合物的制备中,重要的是给药于患者后提供可靠的、可重复的及恒定的血浆药物浓度分布。
活性成分的化学稳定性、固态稳定性和“有效保存期”也是很重要的因素。药物物质及包含药物物质的组合物应优选可有效地保存相当一段时间后,其活性组分的物理-化学特征(例如其化学组分、密度、吸湿度和溶解度)无明显改变。
而且,提供尽可能化学纯形式的药物也很重要。
技术人员将理解,通常如果可轻易地获得稳定形式(例如稳定的结晶形式)的药物,将带来以下优点:容易操作、容易制备成合适的药用制剂及更可靠的溶解度分布。
发明详述
本发明涉及(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]-丙酸的钾盐或钠盐。
根据本发明更进一步的方面提供基本上是结晶形式的本发明化合物。
生产大于80%结晶的形式的本发明化合物是可能的,但“基本上结晶”也包括大于20%、优选大于30%且更优选大于40%(例如大于50、60、70、80或90%)结晶。
根据本发明更进一步的方面还提供部分结晶形式的本发明化合物。“部分结晶”包括5%或5%至20%之间的结晶。
技术人员可用X-射线粉末衍射(XRPD)确定结晶度(%)。也可用其它技术,例如固态NMR、FT-IR、Raman分光镜检法、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和微量热法。
本发明化合物,尤其是本发明的结晶化合物,与PCT/GB02/05743公开的化合物相比稳定性提高。
本文定义的术语“稳定性”包括化学稳定性和固态稳定性。
关于“化学稳定性”,我们包括可以在正常贮存条件下,将本发明化合物以单独的形式,或以与药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或辅助剂的混合物提供的制剂形式(例如口服剂型如片剂、胶囊等)贮存时,化学降解或分解的程度不明显。
至于“固态稳定性”,我们包括可以在正常贮存条件下,将本发明化合物以单独的固体形式,或以与药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或辅助剂的混合物提供的固体制剂形式(例如口服剂型如片剂、胶囊等)时,固态转化程度(例如结晶、重结晶、固态相转换、水合、脱水、溶剂化、去溶剂化)不明显。
“正常贮存条件”的实例包括-80至+50℃之间的温度(优选0至40℃之间且更优选室温例如15至30℃),0.1至2巴的压力(优选大气压),5至95%的相对湿度(优选10至60%),和/或暴露于460勒克斯的UV/可见光,持续延长的时间段(即大于或等于6个月)。在这样的条件下,可发现本发明化合物适宜的化学降解/分解或固态转化应小于15%,更优选小于10%且尤其小于5%。技术人员将理解上文提及的温度、压力和相对湿度的上限和下限表示正常贮存条件的极限,而这些极限的某些组合不会出现在正常贮存时(例如50℃的温度和0.1巴的压力)。
虽然可以用或不用溶剂系统获得本发明化合物的结晶盐(例如在超临界条件下结晶可来自熔化物,或通过升华作用获得),但是,我们优选在适当的溶剂系统中发生结晶作用。
根据本发明更进一步的方面,提供制备本发明的结晶化合物的方法,其包括从适当的溶剂系统中使本发明化合物结晶。合适的溶剂包括乙醇和甲苯及其混合物。
根据将被结晶的盐、溶液中该盐的浓度和使用的溶剂系统确定结晶温度和结晶时间。
也可用标准技术开始和/或进行结晶,例如用或不用适当的本发明结晶化合物的晶体种晶。
用X-射线粉末衍射(XRPD)方法(例如下文描述的)很容易对本发明化合物的不同结晶形式进行特征鉴定。
为保证制备特定的结晶形式而不出现其它结晶形式,优选通过用基本上完全没有其它结晶形式的晶核/或晶种的需要的结晶形式的晶核和/或晶种引晶(seeding)。可通过例如从部分适当的盐溶液中缓慢蒸发溶剂的方法制备适当的化合物的晶种。
可通过那些本领域技术人员熟知的方法(例如倾析、过滤或离心)分离本发明化合物。
可用标准技术干燥化合物。
可用那些本领域技术人员熟知的方法进行本发明化合物的进一步纯化。例如可从适当的溶剂系统中通过重结晶除去杂质。重结晶的合适温度和时间取决于溶液中盐的浓度及使用的溶剂系统。
如上文提及,当本发明化合物如本文所述被结晶或重结晶后,得到的盐可以为化学和/或固态稳定性增加的形式。
与现有技术已知的化合物相比,本发明化合物的优点是可更有效、毒性更小、更长效、活性范围更广、效价更高、副作用更少、更容易被吸收,和/或具有更好的药代动力学分布(例如更高的口服生物利用度和/或更低的清除率)和/或其它有用的药理学、物理或化学特性。本发明化合物的另外的优点是比现有技术已知的化合物给药次数更少。
本发明化合物还有的优点是它们提供更易于操作的形式。而且,本发明化合物的优点是它们可被生产成化学和/或固态稳定性增加的形式(包括例如由于更低的吸湿度)。因此,经过延长时间段的贮存后这样的本发明化合物仍然稳定。
本发明化合物还有优点是它们的结晶的产率高、纯度高、快捷、方便并且成本低。
本发明化合物具有药物活性,尤其化合物是PPARα的选择性激动剂,即它们对PPARα的EC50比它们各自对PPARγ的EC50低至少10倍,其中EC50在本文稍后描述的测定中测量和计算。化合物是有效和选择性的。
具体的本发明化合物是:
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]-苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸钾盐和
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]-苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸钠盐。
这些盐的优点是它们是晶状的,流动特性好。这些盐适用于药用制剂。
本领域技术人员将理解出现在本说明书中的(-)表示当用实验部分描述的条件和浓度测量时,所述酸有反向旋光性。应当理解本发明的盐可有(+)旋光性,前提是该盐的绝对构型与(-)母体酸的构型相同。
还应当理解的是本发明化合物可以以溶剂化(例如水合或与乙醇的溶剂化)和非溶剂化形式存在。应理解的是本发明包括所有这样的溶剂化和非溶剂化形式。
在本发明的另一方面提供以下实施方案。
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钾盐,其特征在于,在X-射线粉末衍射图案中于9.3、5.8、4.65和4.53处具有d-值的峰为特征。
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钾盐,其XRPD图案基本如图A中所公开。
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钠盐,其特征在于,在X-射线粉末衍射图案中于12.8、8.2、4.16和4.08处具有d-值的峰为特征。
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钠盐,其XRPD图案基本如图B中所公开。
制备方法
本发明化合物可如以下概述制备。但是,本发明不限于这些方法。
可通过用含有钾的碱(例如氢氧化钾)或含有钠的碱(例如氢氧化钠)与(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸在0-100℃范围的温度下,在惰性溶剂中反应然后分离固体盐制备本发明化合物。可通过冷却反应溶液和任选用需要的产物种晶溶液和/或浓缩溶液分离盐。任选可通过将抗溶剂(antisolvent)加入该产物在惰性溶剂的溶液中分离产物。可通过本领域技术人员已知的方法例如过滤或离心收集固体。
在本发明的另一方面提供可通过(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸与氢氧化钾在乙醇中反应而获得的化合物。尤其是使用等当量的氢氧化钾。
在本发明的另一方面提供可通过(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸与甲醇钠先在乙醇中反应,然后加入甲苯而获得的化合物。尤其是使用等当量的甲醇钠。
术语“惰性溶剂”是指与起始原料、试剂、中间体或产物不起对需要的产物的产率产生不利影响的反应的溶剂。
药物制剂
本发明化合物以药学上可接受的剂型的药物制剂形式正常通过口服、胃肠道、静脉内、肌内、皮下或其它可注射的途径、口腔、直肠、阴道、经皮和/或鼻的途径和/或通过吸入给药。根据治疗的疾病和患者及给药途径,该组合物可以以不同剂量给药。
本发明化合物有效地治疗人的合适的每天剂量为约0.0001-100mg/kg体重,优选0.001-10mg/kg体重。
特别优选的口服制剂是可用本领域技术人员已知的方法制备的片剂或胶囊,提供活性化合物的剂量范围是0.5mg至500mg,例如1mg、3mg、5mg、10mg、25mg、50mg、100mg和250mg。
根据本发明更进一步的方面提供包括本发明化合物与药学上可接受的辅助剂、稀释剂和/或载体的混合物的药用制剂。
药理学特性
本发明化合物用于预防和/或治疗与固有的或诱发的对胰岛素敏感性下降(胰岛素抵抗)和与代谢紊乱(也称为代谢综合征)有关的临床疾病。这些临床疾病包括,但不限于,全身性肥胖、腹部肥胖、高动脉压、高胰岛素血症、高血糖症、2型糖尿病和以胰岛素抵抗为特征的异常脂血症。这种异常脂血症,也称为致动脉粥样化的B表型脂蛋白谱,其特征为中度升高的非酯化脂肪酸、升高的极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)甘油三酯微粒、高Apo B水平、与低apo AI微粒水平有关的低高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平和在小的、密集的、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)微粒出现的高Apo B水平。
预期本发明化合物用于治疗伴发或并发的高脂血症或不同程度的高甘油三酯血症和餐后异常脂血症伴或不伴其它代谢综合征表现的患者。
由于本发明化合物具有抗异常脂血症及抗炎的特性,因此预期它们可降低与动脉粥样硬化有关的心血管发病率和死亡率。心血管疾病包括导致心肌梗塞、充血性心衰、脑血管疾病和下肢外周动脉供血不足的多种内脏器官的大血管病变。因为该化合物具有胰岛素致敏效应,所以预期还可预防或延缓代谢综合征和妊娠糖尿病发展为2型糖尿病。从而预期延缓与糖尿病中慢性高血糖症有关的长期并发症例如导致肾病、视网膜损害和下肢外周血管疾病的微血管病变的发展。而且该化合物可用于治疗无论是否与胰岛素抵抗有关的心血管系统以外的不同疾病,例如多囊卵巢综合征、肥胖、癌症和炎性疾病,包括神经变性疾病例如轻度认知缺损、阿尔茨海默氏病、帕金森氏病和多发性硬化症。
预期本发明化合物可用于控制2型糖尿病患者的血糖水平。
本发明提供治疗或预防异常脂血症、胰岛素抵抗综合征和/或代谢紊乱(如上文定义)的方法,包括将本发明化合物给药于有此需要的哺乳动物(尤其是人)。
本发明提供治疗或预防2型糖尿病的方法,包括将有效量的本发明化合物给药于有此需要的哺乳动物(尤其是人)。
在本发明更进一步的方面,提供本发明化合物作为药物的用途。
在本发明更进一步的方面,提供本发明化合物在治疗胰岛素抵抗和/或代谢紊乱的药物制备中的用途。
联合治疗
本发明化合物可与另一种用于治疗与动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展有关的疾病例如高血压、高脂血症、异常脂血症、糖尿病和肥胖的治疗药物联合使用。本发明化合物可与另一种降低LDL∶HDL比值的药物或降低循环中LDL-胆固醇水平的药物联合使用。在糖尿病患者中,本发明化合物还可与用于治疗微血管病变相关的并发症的治疗药物联合使用。
本发明化合物可与治疗代谢综合征或2型糖尿病及其相关并发症的其它治疗同时使用,包括双胍类药物(例如二甲双胍、苯乙双胍和丁双胍)、胰岛素(合成胰岛素类似物,胰岛淀粉样多肽)和口服抗高血糖药(这些分为膳食葡萄糖调节剂和α-糖苷酶抑制剂)。α-糖苷酶抑制剂的实例是阿卡波糖或伏格列波糖或米格列醇。膳食葡萄糖调节剂的实例是瑞格列奈或那格列奈。
在本发明的另一方面,式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐可伴随另外的PPAR调节剂给药。PPAR调节剂包括但不限于PPARα和/或γ和/或δ激动剂,或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或其前体药物。本领域已熟知合适的PPARα和/或γ激动剂、其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物。这些包括在WO 01/12187、WO 01/12612、WO 99/62870、WO99/62872、WO 99/62871、WO 98/57941、WO 01/40170、WO04/000790、WO 04/000295、WO 04/000294、WO 03/051822、WO03/051821、WO 02/096863、WO 03/051826、WO 02/085844、WO01/040172、J Med Chem,1996,39,665,Expert Opinion on TherapeuticPatents,10(5),623-634(尤其是在634页上列举的专利申请书所描述的化合物)和J Med Chem,2000,43,527中描述的化合物,其通过引用全部结合到本文中。PPARα和/或γ和/或δ激动剂具体是指莫格列他扎(muraglitazar)(BMS 298585)、利格列酮(rivoglitazone)(CS-011)、奈格列酮(netoglitazone)(MCC-555)、巴格列酮(balaglitazone)(DRF-2593,NN-2344)、氯贝特、非诺贝特、苯扎贝特、吉非罗齐、环丙贝特、匹格列酮、罗格列酮、AVE-0847、AVE-8134、CLX-0921、DRF-10945、DRF-4832、LY-518674、LY-818、LY-929、641597、GW-590735、GW-677954、GW-501516、MBX-102、ONO-5129、KRP-101、R-483(BM131258)、TAK-559或TAK-654。优选PPARα和/或γ和/或δ激动剂是指替格列他扎(tesaglitazar)((S)-2-乙氧基-3-[4-(2-{4-甲烷磺酰基-氧基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]丙酸)及其药学上可接受的盐。
此外本发明化合物可用于与磺酰脲类联合使用,例如:格列美脲、格列本脲(优降糖)、格列齐特、格列吡嗪、格列喹酮、氯磺丙脲、甲苯磺丁脲、醋酸己脲、格列吡脲、氨磺丁脲、格列波脲、格列派特、格列噻唑、格列布唑、格列己脲、格列嘧啶、格列平脲、苯磺丁脲、妥噻磺脲(tolcylamide)和妥拉磺脲。优选磺酰脲类是格列美脲或格列本脲(优降糖)。更优选磺酰脲类是格列美脲。本发明包括将本发明化合物与在本联合治疗部分中描述的现有的一种、两种或多种疗法联合给药。治疗2型糖尿病及其相关并发症的其它现有疗法的剂量是那些本领域已知并经职能部门例如FDA批准使用的剂量,并且可在FDA出版的橙皮书中查找。或者联合用药有益的结果是可用较小的剂量。本发明还包括将本发明化合物与降胆固醇剂联合使用。在本申请书中引用的降胆固醇剂包括但不限于HMG-CoA还原酶(3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶)抑制剂。合适的HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂是选自以下的他汀:阿托伐他汀、柏伐他汀、西伐他汀、达伐他汀、氟伐他汀、伊伐他汀、洛伐他汀、美伐他汀、尼可他汀、尼伐他汀、普伐他汀和辛伐他汀或其药学上可接受的盐(尤其是钠或钙),或其溶剂化物,或这样的盐的溶剂化物。特别的他汀是阿托伐他汀或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物。更特别的他汀是阿托伐他汀钙盐。但是,特别优选的他汀是化学名为(E)-7-[4-(4-氟苯基)-6-异丙基-2-[甲基(甲磺酰基)-氨基]-嘧啶-5-基](3R,5S)-3,5-二羟基庚-6-烯醇酸[也称为(E)-7-[4-(4-氟苯基)-6-异丙基-2-[N-甲基-N-(甲磺酰基)-氨基]嘧啶-5-基](3R,5S)-3,5-二羟基庚-6-烯醇酸]的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物或这样的盐的溶剂化物。化合物(E)-7-[4-(4-氟苯基)-6-异丙基-2-[甲基-(甲磺酰基)-氨基]嘧啶-5-基](3R,5S)-3,5-二羟基庚-6-烯醇酸及其钙盐和钠盐公开在欧洲专利申请,公开号EP-A-0521471和生物有机与药物化学,(1997),5(2),437-444中。现在已知后一种他汀通用名为罗苏伐他汀。
在本申请书中,术语“降胆固醇剂”还包括HMG-CoA还原酶无论是否有活性的化学变型,例如酯类、前体药物及代谢产物。
本发明还包括将本发明化合物与胆汁酸螯合剂例如考来替泊或考来烯胺或考来胶联合使用。
本发明还包括将本发明化合物与回肠胆汁酸转运系统抑制剂(IBAT抑制剂)联合使用。
合适的具有IBAT抑制活性的化合物已被描述,见例如在WO93/16055、WO 94/18183、WO 94/18184、WO 96/05188、WO 96/08484、WO 96/16051、WO 97/33882、WO 98/07449、WO 98/03818、WO98/38182、WO 99/32478、WO 99/35135、WO 98/40375、WO 99/35153、WO 99/64409、WO 99/64410、WO 00/01687、WO 00/47568、WO00/61568、WO 00/62810、WO 01/68906、DE 19825804、WO 00/38725、WO 00/38726、WO 00/38727、WO 00/38728、WO 00/38729、WO01/68906、WO 01/66533、WO 02/32428、WO 02/50051、EP 864582、EP489423、EP549967、EP573848、EP624593、EP624594、EP624595和EP624596中描述的化合物,并且这些专利申请书的内容通过引用结合到本文中。
在WO 94/24087、WO 98/56757、WO 00/20392、WO 00/20393、WO 00/20410、WO 00/20437、WO 01/34570、WO 00/35889、WO01/68637、WO 02/08211、WO 03/020710、WO 03/022825、WO03/022830、WO 03/022286、WO 03/091232、WO 03/106482、JP10072371、US 5070103、EP 251315、EP 417725、EP 869121、EP 1070703和EP 597107中描述了更多合适的具有IBAT抑制活性的化合物,这些专利申请书的内容通过引用结合到本文中。
适合用于本发明的特殊类型IBAT抑制剂是苯并噻(benzothiepines)和在WO 00/01687、WO 96/08484及WO 97/33882的权利要求尤其是权利要求1中描述的化合物,其通过引用结合到本文中。其它合适类型的IBAT抑制剂是1,2-苯并硫氮杂(benzothiepines)、1,4-苯并硫氮杂和1,5-苯并硫氮杂。更合适的一类IBAT抑制剂是1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂。
一种具有IBAT抑制活性的特别合适的化合物是(3R,5R)-3-丁基-3-乙基-1,1-二氧化-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,4-苯并硫氮杂-8-基β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸(glucopyranosiduronic acid)(EP 864582)。其它合适的IBAT抑制剂包括以下之一:
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-1′-苯基-1′-[N′-(羧甲基)氨甲酰基]甲基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N′-(羧甲基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-1′-苯基-1′-[N′-(2-磺乙基(sulphoethyl)氨甲酰基]甲基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-1′-苯基-1′-[N′-(2-磺乙基)氨甲酰基]甲基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N{(R)-α-[N′-(2-磺乙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N′-(2-磺乙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N′-(2-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N′-(2-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N′-(5-羧戊基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N′-(2-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{α-[N′-(2-磺乙基)氨甲酰基]-2-氟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N′-(R)-(2-羟基-1-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N′-(R)-(2-羟基-1-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-{N-[(R)-α-(N′-{(R)-1-[N″-(R)-(2-羟基-1-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]-2-羟乙基}氨甲酰基)苄基]氨甲酰基甲氧基}-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{α-[N′-(羧甲基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{α-[N′-((乙氧基)(甲基)磷酰基甲基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-{N-[(R)-α-(N′-{2-[(羟基)(甲基)磷酰基]乙基}氨甲酰基)苄基]氨甲酰基甲氧基}-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N′-(2-甲硫基-1-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-{N-[(R)-α-(N′-{2-[(甲基)(乙基)磷酰基]乙基}氨甲酰基)-4-羟苄基]氨甲酰基甲氧基}-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-{N-[(R)-α-(N′-{2-[(甲基)(羟基)磷酰基]乙基}氨甲酰基)-4-羟苄基]氨甲酰基甲氧基}-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[(R)-N′-(2-甲基亚磺酰基-1-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲氧基-8-[N-{(R)-α-[N′-(2-磺乙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基]-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并硫氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((R)-1-羧基-2-甲硫基乙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((S)-1-羧基-2-(R)-羟丙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((S)-1-羧基-2-甲基丙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((S)-1-羧丁基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((S)-1-羧丙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((S)-1-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((S)-1-羧基-2-(R)-羟丙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-(2-磺乙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((S)-1-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((R)-1-羧基-2-甲硫基乙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-{(S)-1-[N-((S)-2-羟基-1-羧乙基)氨甲酰基]丙基}氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((S)-1-羧基-2-甲基丙基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-((S)-1-羧丙基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-[N-((R/S)-α-{N-[1-R)-2-(S)-1-羟基-1-(3,4-二羟苯基)丙-2-基]氨甲酰基}-4-羟苄基)氨甲酰基甲氧基]-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-(2-(S)-3-(R)-4-(R)-5-(R)-2,3,4,5,6-五羟基己基)氨甲酰基]-4-羟苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;和
1,1-二氧代-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-(N-{(R)-α-[N-(2-(S)-3-(R)-4-(R)-5-(R)-2,3,4,5,6-五羟基己基)氨甲酰基]苄基}氨甲酰基甲氧基)-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,5-苯并硫杂二氮杂;
或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物。
根据本发明另外更进一步的方面,提供给药于需要这样的治疗处理的温血动物(例如人)的联合治疗,包括将有效量的本发明化合物任选与药学上可接受的稀释剂或载体一起,与选自以下的药物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物任选与药学上可接受的稀释剂或载体一起同时、先后或分开给药:CETP(胆甾醇酯转移蛋白)抑制剂,例如那些在WO 00/38725第7页22行-第10页17行提到和描述的,其通过引用结合到本文中;胆固醇吸收拮抗剂,例如氮杂环丁烷酮(azetidinones)如SCH 58235和那些在US 5,767,115中描述的,其通过引用结合到本文中;MTP(微粒转移蛋白)抑制剂例如那些在Science,282,751-54页(1998)中描述的,其通过引用结合到本文中;
烟酸衍生物,包括缓释和组合产物,例如烟酸(尼亚新)、阿昔莫司和戊四烟酯;
植物甾醇化合物,例如甾烷醇;
丙丁酚;
ω-3脂肪酸,例如OmacorTM;
减肥化合物,例如奥利司他(EP 129,748)和西布曲明(GB 2,184,122和US 4,929,629);
抗高血压化合物,例如血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制剂、血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂、肾上腺素能阻滞剂、α肾上腺素能阻滞剂、β肾上腺素能阻滞剂例如美托洛尔、混合的α/β肾上腺素能阻滞剂、肾上腺素兴奋剂、钙通道阻滞剂、AT-1阻滞剂、排尿钠剂(saluretic)、利尿剂或血管舒张剂;
CB1拮抗剂或反激动剂,例如在WO 01/70700和EP 65635中描述的;
阿司匹林;
黑色素浓缩激素(MCH)拮抗剂;
PDK抑制剂;或
核受体调节剂,例如LXR、FXR、RXR和RORα。
可用于与本发明化合物联合使用的具体的ACE抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物(包括活性代谢物)包括但不限于以下化合物:阿拉普利、阿奇普利、莫维普利钙、安可维尼(ancovenin)、贝那普利、盐酸贝那普利、贝那普利拉、苯甲酰卡托普利、卡托普利、卡托普利-半胱氨酸、卡托普利-谷胱甘肽、西那普利、西那诺普利(ceranopril)、西罗普利、西拉普利、西拉普利拉、地拉普利、地拉普利-二酸、依那普利、依那普利拉、恩那普利(enapril)、表卡托普利(epicaptopril)、福西米噻(foroxymithine)、福芬普利(fosfenopril)、福森普利(fosenopril)、福森普利钠(fosenoprilsodium)、福辛普利、福辛普利钠、福辛普利拉、福辛普利酸、格莱普利(glycopril)、血衍吗啡-4、伊屈普利、咪哒普利、吲哚普利、吲哚普利拉、赖苯普利、赖诺普利、lyciumin A、lyciumin B、米萨普利(mixanpril)、莫昔普利、莫昔普利拉、莫维普利、muracein A、muraceinB、muracein C、喷托普利、培哚普利、培哚普利拉、匹瓦普利、匹伏普利、喹那普利、盐酸喹那普利、喹那普利拉、雷米普利、雷米普利拉、螺普利、盐酸螺普利、螺普利拉、匹罗普利、盐酸匹罗普利、替莫普利、盐酸替莫普利、替普罗肽、群多普利、群多普利拉、乌替普利、扎普利、扎普利拉、佐芬普利和佐芬普利拉。优选的用于本发明的ACE抑制剂是雷米普利、雷米普利拉、赖诺普利、依那普利和依那普利拉。更优选的用于本发明的ACE抑制剂是雷米普利和雷米普利拉。
优选的用于与本发明化合物联合使用的血管紧张素II拮抗剂或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物包括但不限于化合物:坎地沙坦、坎地沙坦西酯、氯沙坦、缬沙坦、厄贝沙坦、他索沙坦、替米沙坦和依普罗沙坦。特别优选的用于本发明的血管紧张素II拮抗剂或其药学上可接受的衍生物是坎地沙坦和坎地沙坦西酯。
因此在本发明的另外一方面,提供在需要这样治疗的温血动物(例如人)中治疗2型糖尿病及其相关并发症的方法,该方法包括将有效量的本发明化合物和一种有效量的在本文联合治疗部分描述的其它化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物同时、先后或分开给予所述动物。
因此在本发明的另外一方面,提供在需要这样治疗的温血动物(例如人)中治疗高脂血症的方法,该方法包括将有效量的本发明化合物和一种有效量的在本文联合治疗部分描述的其它化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物同时、先后或分开给予所述动物。
根据本发明更进一步的方面,提供一种药用组合物,该药用组合物包含本发明化合物和一种在本文联合治疗部分描述的其它化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物,以及药学上可接受的稀释剂或载体。
根据本发明更进一步的方面,提供含有本发明化合物和一种在本文联合治疗部分描述的其它化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物的药剂盒。
根据本发明更进一步的方面提供药剂盒,它包含:
a)在第一单位剂型中的本发明化合物;
b)在第二单位剂型中的在本文联合治疗部分描述的其它化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物;和
c)包含所述第一和第二剂型的容器装置。
根据本发明更进一步的方面提供药剂盒,它包含:
a)第一单位剂型中包含的与药学上可接受的稀释剂或载体一起的本发明化合物;
b)第二单位剂型中包含的在本文联合治疗部分描述的其它化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物;和
c)包含所述第一和第二剂型的容器装置。
根据本发明的另一方面提供本发明的化合物和一种在本文联合治疗部分描述的其它化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物在用于治疗温血动物(例如人)的代谢综合征或2型糖尿病及其相关并发症的药物制备中的用途。
根据本发明的另一方面提供本发明化合物和一种在本文联合治疗部分描述的其它化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物在用于治疗温血动物(例如人)的高脂血症的药物制备中的用途。
根据本发明更进一步的方面,提供给药于需要这样的治疗处理的温血动物(例如人)的联合治疗,包括将有效量的本发明化合物(任选与药学上可接受的稀释剂或载体一起)和一种有效量的在本文联合治疗部分描述的其它化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、这样的盐的溶剂化物或前体药物(任选与药学上可接受的稀释剂或载体一起)同时、先后或分开给药。
实验
在Varian Mercury 300或Varian UNITY+400、500或600光谱仪上测量1H NMR和13C NMR,操作的1H频率各自为300、400、500和600MHz,13C频率各自为75,100,125和150MHz。在δ刻度盘上进行测量。
如果没有另外指明,以溶剂为内标物所给的化学位移是ppm。
在根据标准方法不用任何内标物制备的样本上做可变的切口(slits)进行X-射线粉末衍射分析(XRPD)。例如在Giacovazzo,C.等(1995),Fundamentals of Crystallography(结晶学原理),Oxford University Press;Jenkins,R.和Snyder,R.L.(1996),Introduction to X-Ray PowderDiffractometry(X-射线粉末衍射的介绍),John Wiley & Sons,New York;Bunn,C.W.(1948),Chemical Crystallography(化学结晶学),ClarendonPress,London;或Klug,H.P.&Alexander,L.E.(1974),X-rayDiffraction Procedures(X-射线衍射过程),John Wiley and Sons,NewYork中描述了标准方法。在Siemens D5000衍射仪上用Cu-辐射进行X-射线分析。图中下方的X-轴是2-θ而Y-轴是强度。
根据例如那些在Hhne,G.W.H.等(1996),Differential ScanningCalorimetry(差示扫描量热法),Springer,Berlin中描述的标准方法,用Mettler DSC820或Mettler DSC820E进行差示扫描量热法(DSC)。
用Mettler Toledo TGA850或Mettler Toledo TG851进行热重量分析(TGA)。用10℃/min的斜率。
技术人员将理解可通过本文描述的过程类推和/或根据下文的实施例制备本发明化合物的结晶形式,并且可显示与本文公开的那些本质上相同的XRPD衍射图和/或DSC和/或TGA热解曲线。由“基本上相同的”XRPD衍射图和/或DSC和/或TGA热解曲线,我们包括那些从有关的图和/或热解曲线清楚地(允许实验误差)看到基本上已形成相同的结晶形式的实例。假设DSC起始温度可变范围是±5℃(例如±2℃),而XRPD距离值可变范围是最后小数位±2。技术人员应该理解,由于多种原因包括例如优选的取向不同导致在测量基本上相同的结晶形式时出现不同的XRPD强度。
缩写
DMSO 二甲基亚砜
EtOAc 乙酸乙酯
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
THF 四氢呋喃
MeCN 乙腈
MeOH 甲醇
TFA 三氟乙酸
NH4OAc 乙酸铵
NMR缩写
t 三重峰
s 单峰
d 双峰
q 四重峰
m 多重峰
bs 宽单峰
XRPD缩写
XRPD X-射线粉末衍射
d-值 晶格中连续的平行hkl位面的间距
强度(相对%) | 定义 |
25-10010-253-101-3 | vs(极强)s(强)m(中)w(弱) |
TGA 热重量分析
DSC 差示扫描量热法
实施例
制备酸性起始原料
(i)2-氯-3-[4-(2-羟乙基)苯基]丙酸甲酯
使2-(4-氨基苯基)乙醇(11g,81mmol)和32ml浓HCl溶于丙酮并冷却至0℃。滴加溶于20ml水的亚硝酸钠(5.6g,81mmol)。保持温度低于0℃。1小时后,加入丙烯酸甲酯(70g,808mmol)和CuI(1.6g,8mmol)(<0℃)。在室温下搅拌反应混合物过夜。
蒸发溶剂并加入水。用EtOAc提取水相3次,冷却有机相并用水冲洗、干燥(MgSO4)并在减压下蒸发。通过快速色谱法用EtOAc和庚烷以65∶35的比例混合作为洗脱液纯化粗产物。用制备型HPLC进一步纯化(用含有0.1M NH4OAc的CH3CN/5%CH3CN-水相的梯度液为洗脱液),得到油状的9.7g产物(产率49%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):2.84(t,3H),3.15(dd,1H),3.35(dd,1H),3.75(s,3H),3.84(t,3H),4.43(t,1H),7.17(d,4H)
(ii)3-(4-{2-[4-(苄氧基)苯氧基]乙基}苯基)-2-氯丙酸甲酯
在氮气下,将三苯基磷(2.4g,9mmol)加入2-氯-3-[4-(2-羟乙基)苯基]丙酸甲酯(2.1g,8.5mmol)和4-(苄氧基)苯酚(1.7g,8mmol)在20ml甲苯的溶液中。将溶液加温至55℃并加入偶氮二羧酸二异丙基酯(1.8g,9mmol)。在55℃搅拌反应混合物过夜。
冷却混合物并在减压下蒸发溶剂。通过快速色谱法纯化粗产物,用庚烷和EtOAc以80∶20的比例混合作为洗脱液,得到2.28g无色晶体的所需产物(产率61%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):3.05(t,2H),3.16(dd,1H),3.36(dd,1H),3.75(s,3H),4.12(t,2H),4.45(t,1H),5.01(s,2H),6.82(m,2H),6.90(m,2H),7.13-7.27(m,4H),7.29-7.47(m,5H).
(iii)2-氯-3-{4-[2-(4-羟基苯氧基)乙基]苯基}丙酸甲酯
使3-(4-{2-[4-(苄氧基)苯氧基]乙基}苯基)-2-氯丙酸甲酯(1.0g,2.4mmol)和二甲硫醚(0.9g,14mmol)溶于60ml CH2Cl2中。将乙醚化三氟化硼(2.0g,14mmol)滴加入搅拌的溶液中。在室温下搅拌反应混合物2天。加入另外等量(0.4g,2.87mmol)的乙醚化三氟化硼并继续搅拌过夜。
加入水。分离各相并用CH2Cl2提取水相2次。冷却、冲洗(水、盐水)、干燥(Na2SO4)并在减压下蒸发有机相。通过制备型HPLC用含有0.1M NH4OAc的CH3CN/5%CH3CN-水相梯度液进一步纯化,得到0.55g油状的所需产物(产率52%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):3.04(t,2H),3.16(dd,1H),3.35(dd,1H),3.75(s,3H),4.10(t,2H),4.40(t,1H),6.75(m,4H),7.12-7.29(m,4H).
(iv)2-氯-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸甲酯
使2-氯-3-{4-[2-(4-羟基苯氧基)乙基]苯基}丙酸甲酯(334mg,1.0mmol)和三乙胺(303mg,3.0mmol)溶于20ml二氯甲烷中并在氮气下冷却至-20℃。滴加甲磺酰氯(114mg,1.0mmol)。使混合物达到室温。2小时后加入二氯甲烷,将混合物冲洗(水、盐水)、干燥(Na2SO4)并在减压下蒸发,得到394mg纯产物(产率96%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):3.02-3.11(m,5H),3.15(dd,1H),3.35(dd,1H),3.74(s,3H),4.14(t,2H),4.44(t,1H),5.29(s,2H),6.88(d,2H),7.14-7.25(m,6H).
(v)2-({2-[4-(苄氧基)苯基]乙基}硫基)-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸甲酯
使2-[4-(苄氧基)苯基]乙硫醇(334mg,1.4mmol)、2-氯-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸甲酯(394mg,0.95mmol)和碳酸钾(189mg,1.4mmol)溶于14ml干燥DMF中并在室温下在氮气中搅拌过夜。
在减压下蒸发溶剂并使残留物溶于甲苯中。冲洗(水、盐水)、干燥(MgSO4)和蒸发有机相。通过制备型HPLC用含有0.1M NH4OAc的CH3CN/5%CH3CN-水相梯度液进一步纯化,得到477mg的所需产物(产率75%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):2.76-2.89(m,4H),2.95(dd,1H),3.09(m,5H),3.20(dd,1H),3.53(m,1H),3.70(s,3H),4.15(t,2H),5.06(s,2H),6.91(m,4H),7.07-7.24(m,8H),7.31-7.48(m,5H).
(vi)2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸甲酯
将二甲硫醚(239mg,3.8mol)和乙醚化三氟化硼(545mg,3.8mmol)加入2-({2-[4-(苄氧基)苯基]乙基}硫基)-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸甲酯(477mg,0.8mmol)和15ml二氯甲烷的溶液中。搅拌18小时后将水加入反应物中。分离各相并用二氯甲烷提取水相2次。冷却、干燥(MgSO4)并在减压下蒸发有机相。获得油状的274mg的所需产物(产率67%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):2.70-2.85(m,4H),2.91(dd,1H),3.05(t,2H),3.10(s,3H),3.17(dd,1H),3.49(m,1H),3.68(s,3H),4.13(t,2H),6.72(d,2H),6.87(d,2H),6.99(d,2H),7.10-7.22(m,6H)
(vii)2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸
使2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸甲酯(105mg,0.2mmol)溶于6.5ml的THF和水为7∶1的混合物中并在冰浴上冷却。加入氢氧化锂(9.4mg,0.4mmol)。在室温下搅拌反应混合物24小时后加入水。在减压下蒸发THF并用1M盐酸酸化残留物。用EtOAc(x3)提取水相,冷却、冲洗(水、盐水)、干燥(MgSO4)和蒸发有机相。用制备型HPLC(洗脱液:含有0.1MNH4OAc的CH3CN/5%CH3CN-水相)纯化粗产物,得到油状的74mg的所需产物(产率97%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):2.68-2.95(m,5H),3.05(t,2H),3.10(s,3H),3.17(dd,1H),3.47(m,1H),4.12(t,2H),6.70(d,2H),6.86(d,2H),6.97(d,2H),7.12-7.21(m,6H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3):33.8,35.1,35.5,37.2,37.3,48.1,69.3,115.6,115.8,123.3,129.3,129.4,129.9,132.3,136.2,136.9,142.8,154.4,158.0,177.2.
(viii)(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸
用手性色谱仪把2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的外消旋体分成其对映异构体。用Chiralpak AD JDB01+AS003(336×100mm i.d.)和乙醇/甲酸100/0.01%作为流动相。使外消旋体(9g)溶于乙醇并注入柱上。收集并UV-检测第一个洗脱峰。获得对映异构体纯度>99%的产物(4.1g)。通过使对映异构体以0.64g/100ml的浓度溶于甲醇发现旋光度为[α]20 D=-33°。在20℃用钠线在589nm测量旋光度。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):7.17-7.22(6H,m),6.99(2H,d),6.94(2H,d),6.69(2H,d),4.17(2H,t),3.46(1H,t),3.16(3H,s),3.13(1H,dd),3.05(2H,t),2.69-2.88(5H,m).
实施例1
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钾盐
加入乙醇的4.2%w/w氢氧化钾溶液(1.2L)中和(S)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸(344g)在乙醇(8.2L)中的溶液。加热中和的溶液至50℃并过筛入微晶管内。经蒸馏后溶液体积减少为4.4L。在仍有50℃热时加入甲苯(6.2L)作为共溶剂。使该批溶液冷却至室温并被种晶。将额外的甲苯(4.2L)加入结晶的溶液中。使淤浆冷冻至-5℃超过60分钟并进一步保持150分钟。经过滤分离产物并用冷冻的甲苯冲洗。该反应提供339g产量的浅白色固体的标题化合物。
图中下方的X-轴是2-θ而Y轴是强度。DSC显示外推始点温度范围是91-97℃的吸热量。TGA显示在25-110℃之间重量损失范围是6.0-7.1%w/w。在更纯的样本上重复进行DSC分析可能熔点更高。
用XRPD分析(S)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钾盐的结晶(通过上文的实施例和/或其它方法获得),结果列于下表并在图A中显示。
图A.(S)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钾盐的XRPD图案
d-值(埃) | 强度(rel) |
17.4 | w |
9.3 | vs |
7.1 | w |
6.8 | m |
6.4 | w |
5.8 | m |
5.1 | m |
4.65 | m |
4.53 | s |
4.29 | m |
3.99 | w |
3.91 | w |
3.61 | w |
3.55 | m |
3.39 | w |
3.12 | m |
实施例2
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钠盐
使(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸(529mg)溶于乙醇(3.2ml)中。加热溶液至45℃并加入甲醇钠(58mg,1.03eq.)。然后,加热溶液至60℃并加入甲苯(4ml)。随后,使溶液缓慢冷却至0℃超过18小时,然后放置于0℃中2小时。经过滤收集固体,用甲苯(2x.0.5ml)冲洗并在50℃真空中干燥,得到结晶的标题化合物(205mg)。
(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钠盐的特性的实例DSC显示外推始点温度为155℃的吸热量。TGA显示在25-110℃之间重量损失为0.3%w/w而在110-165℃之间重量损失为0.7%w/w。在更纯的样本上重复DSC分析可能熔点更高。用XRPD分析(S)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钠盐的结晶(通过上文的实施例和/或其它方法获得),结果列于下表并在图B中显示。
图B.(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钠盐的XRPD图案
d-值(埃) | 强度(rel) |
15.9 | w |
12.8 | s |
11.8 | m |
8.2 | m |
6.5 | w |
5.7 | m |
5.5 | m |
5.3 | m |
4.91 | m |
4.74 | m |
4.68 | m |
4.30 | m |
4.16 | s |
4.08 | m |
4.01 | w |
3.78 | w |
3.73 | w |
3.55 | w |
3.43 | m |
2.89 | w |
2.77 | w |
2.65 | w |
生物活性
本发明化合物的活性在WO 03/051821描述的测试中得到证明。
Claims (10)
1.一种(-)-2-{[2-(4-羟苯基)乙基]硫基}-3-[4-(2-{4-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基]丙酸的钾盐或钠盐。
2.权利要求1的盐,所述盐为钾盐。
3.权利要求1的盐,所述盐为钠盐。
4.权利要求1至3中任一项要求的盐,它可以是溶剂化物、水合物、混合的溶剂化物/水合物、非溶剂化物(ansolvate)或脱水物(anhydrate)。
5.权利要求1至4中任一项要求的盐,它为结晶或部分结晶的形式。
6.一种药用制剂,它包含与药学上可接受的辅助剂、稀释剂和/或载体混合的权利要求1至5中任一项的化合物。
7.一种治疗或预防无论是否与胰岛素抵抗相关的脂质紊乱(异常脂血症)的方法,它包括将权利要求1至5中任一项的化合物给予有此需要的哺乳动物。
8.权利要求1至5中任一项化合物在治疗无论是否与胰岛素抵抗相关的脂质紊乱(异常脂血症)的药物制备中的用途。
9.一种治疗或预防2型糖尿病的方法,它包括将有效量的权利要求1至5中任一项的化合物给予有此需要的哺乳动物。
1O.一种药用组合物,它包含权利要求1至5中任一项的化合物和与之联合使用的另一种用于治疗与动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展有关的疾病例如高血压、高脂血症、异常脂血症、糖尿病和肥胖的治疗剂。
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US5232945A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1993-08-03 | Pfizer Inc. | 3-aryl-2-hydroxypropionic acid derivatives and analogs as antihypertensives |
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AU2004249485A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
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CA2529251A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
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JP2006527750A (ja) | 2006-12-07 |
ZA200510196B (en) | 2006-12-27 |
UY28367A1 (es) | 2005-01-31 |
KR20060026427A (ko) | 2006-03-23 |
US20070099997A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
CO5650240A2 (es) | 2006-06-30 |
WO2004113284A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
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