CN1825083A - Multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester - Google Patents
Multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN1825083A CN1825083A CN 200610039084 CN200610039084A CN1825083A CN 1825083 A CN1825083 A CN 1825083A CN 200610039084 CN200610039084 CN 200610039084 CN 200610039084 A CN200610039084 A CN 200610039084A CN 1825083 A CN1825083 A CN 1825083A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanism sealing controllable testing device that includes sealing system, driving system, end face specific pressure loading and servo feed back system, end face attrition torque and end face specific pressure testing system, film thickness testing system, leakage testing system, static loop temperature feedback system, medium temperature and pressure measuring system, experiment medium pressurizing recycling system, data collection and control system. The invention has wide application range, and would be researched under different conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical seal steering test device, adopt new construction and high-precision sensor measurement mechanical sealing property parameter.Belong to Machine Design and process automation control field.
Background technology
Since mechanical seal in 1885 invention, along with deepening continuously of sealing theory and applied research, the application of mechanical seal is more and more wider, from petrochemical complex, nuclear industry to aerospace field; To the inflammable and explosive chemicals of High Temperature High Pressure, the application scenario also is extended to gas compressor of high speed and high pressure etc. to sealing medium from water pump from generic media (as: water).
Research about sealing mechanism, doctor E.Mayer of Germany generally is in the boundary friction operating mode according to his years of researches achievement-standard machinery sealing, explained that under big contact pressure soft friction pair still has the reason than the long life when no matter turning round with different rotating speeds in high viscosity or low viscosity medium.Britain BHRA sealing director doctor B.S.Nau thinks that the sealing of using in practice at present is in the hydrodynamic force friction duty in a large number, and has explained the reason that can turn round in some sealing under the identical duty parameter with this achievement under lower friction.Yet, American A.O.Lebeck experimental study shows, can not form enough hydrodynamic load-bearing capacitys in the standard machinery sealing under the water lubrication condition, think there is the quasi-fluid dynamic pressure bearing mechanism in lubricated of other parallel sliding of not explaining up to now that this makes the research of the mechanical seal mechanism wrong track complexity that becomes.As seen, form a complete mechanical seal theoretical system, practice demonstration fully awaits.
During engineering was used, the design parameter of mechanical seal depended on experience to a great extent, and mechanical seal generally is not in optimum Working in the device.For structural parameters and the certain mechanical seal of operating mode, its sealing property depends primarily on the face pressure of sealing surface.Specific pressure is big between the sealing ring end face, and thickness is little, and slip is little, and wearing and tearing are big, and power consumption is big; Otherwise specific pressure is little, and thickness is big, and slip is big, and it is little to wear and tear, and power consumption is little.But the accurate measurement to important parameters such as thickness, end-face friction moments of torsion all also is in the exploratory stage at present.
Detection means from mechanical sealed product, domestic most of producers also all rest on the level of outward appearance detection and static pressure test at present, have only minority enterprise to have the operational test ability, product quality is difficult to control, has also limited domestic to high parameter mechanical seal progress of research.
In sum, the mechanical seal experimental study is very important, and development perfect in shape and function, the mechanical seal test device that measuring accuracy is high are not only an urgent demand of mechanical seal theory and experimental study, also are the requirements of the mechanical seal examination and test of products, detection.
At present, existing many units, scholar have carried out the research of mechanical seal test device.Fig. 1 is the pilot system figure of Sichuan mechanical seal Research Institute, and the annular seal space structure as shown in Figure 2.
Technical parameter is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 Sichuan Sealing Technology Inst. testing table technical parameter
| Test(ing) medium | Pressure MPa | Temperature ℃ | Rotating speed r/min | Controllable mechanical sealed diameter (mm) |
| Clear water | 0～2.50 | Normal temperature | 12000 | 60 |
This system is the two fulcrum main axle structures of single-cantilever, and two cover mechanical seal symmetries are installed, and adopts JCO type torque sensor measurement mechanical seal friction moment of torsion, adopts inductance type and capacitance type sensor that wear extent is measured.
Fig. 3 is the high parameter leakage test platform of Tianjin Crane sealing company development, and main shaft adopts two cantilever four fulcrum structures.Technical parameter is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 Kelan Seals Co. Ltd., Tianjin testing table technical parameter
| Test(ing) medium | Pressure MPa | Temperature ℃ | Rotating speed r/min | Controllable mechanical sealed diameter (mm) |
| Clear water or oil | 0～20 | Normal temperature | 3000～12000 | 80～200 |
The test unit that Fig. 4 is used for the sampling observation of mechanical seal product and tests for carbon product quality inspection station, Sichuan Province, its technical parameter is as shown in table 3.
Carbon product quality inspection station, table 3 Sichuan Province test unit technical parameter
| Test(ing) medium | Pressure MPa | Temperature ℃ | Rotating speed r/min | Controllable mechanical sealed diameter (mm) |
| Clear water | Normal pressure | Normal temperature | 2840 | Middle or small |
Hefei general " mechanical seal high parameter performance evaluation system " have 5 testing tables, three kinds of test(ing) medium circulation systems, i.e. water medium, oily medium, granule medium pilot system, technical parameter is as shown in table 4.
The general institute in table 4 Hefei leakage test platform technical parameter
| Test(ing) medium | Pressure MPa | Temperature ℃ | Rotating speed r/min | Controllable mechanical sealed diameter (mm) |
| Clear water heavy oil belt particle water | 0～10 0～10 0～1 | Normal temperature～200 normal temperature～400 normal temperature | 0～6000 0～4500 3000 | 10～100 60～100 30～60 |
This system is single-cantilever or two cantilever main axle structure, and two cover mechanical seal symmetries are installed, and adopt the power consumption of JC type torque sensor measurement mechanical sealing, and sensibility reciprocal is that the electronic balance of 0.1g is measured leakage rate, and computing machine carries out data acquisition and processing.
" the computerized leakage test and the data handling system " of the J.A.Hilaris of U.S. Sealol company development adopts computing machine that temperature, pressure, end-face friction moment of torsion, power consumption, the slip of sealing medium are monitored.The technical parameter of this system is as shown in table 5.
Table 5 U.S. Sealol company leakage test platform technical parameter
| Test(ing) medium | Pressure MPa | Temperature ℃ | Rotating speed r/min | Controllable mechanical sealed diameter (mm) |
| Water, hydraulic oil, diesel oil and solvent | Normal pressure～high pressure | Normal temperature～high temperature | 5500 | 25～125 |
Japan Eagle industrial group has set up a cover mechanical seal test device in mechanical seal monitoring of working condition experimental study process, this device is except having general seal parameters measurement and data processing function, maximum characteristics are: a torque sensor has been installed behind stationary ring, promptly insert a pin and promote cantilever in graphite stationary ring appearance face, its bending strain is monitored with the foil gauge that is attached to the opposite.
Other also have many testing tables, and structure is to top described similar.Generally all adopt single-cantilever or two cantilever main axle structure, two cover mechanical seal symmetries are installed.Or directly adopting centrifugal pump shell as mechanical seal test device, practicality is stronger, but because the restriction of structure space, the seal size of being tested is single, and measures, adjusts relatively difficulty of test parameters, generally only is suitable for the factory inspection of fixed product.
The two cantilevers two cover mechanical seals symmetry mounting structures of employing it is said it is for balancing axial thrust, but in fact also little because of the axial force of face pressure generation, do not affect the operating characteristic of general rolling bearing.This design is complex structure not only, and owing to two cover friction pairs, two main leakage points, the measuring accuracy of mechanical sealing leakage amount and friction torque is affected.
Between pump and motor, connect torque sensor in order to measurement mechanical seal face friction torque because the existence of pump bearing operation moment of torsion and under axial force fluctuation situation this torque value uncertain, make that measuring accuracy is difficult to guarantee.
Japan Eagle industrial group mounting torque sensor behind stationary ring has been avoided the influence of bearing moment of torsion.But, an O shape circle has been installed between stationary seal ring and torque sensor in order to prevent escape of liquid.The moment of torsion that torque sensor records comprises that dynamic and static ring end-face friction moment of torsion and O shape are enclosed the moment of resistance to stationary seat.Because O shape circle to the difference of the moment of resistance of stationary seat, and is difficult to describe because of face pressure is difficult for measuring in operational process under different pressures, and makes the torque measurement precision be greatly affected.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, few at the many complex structures of mechanical seal test device measurement parameter, measurement parameter simple in structure, problems such as end-face friction torque measurement difficulty, propose a kind of simple in structure, the observing and controlling parameter is many, comprises the accurate high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of end-face friction torque measurement.
The present invention takes following technical scheme to realize:
Multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester comprises: (1) sealing system; (2) drive system; (3) face pressure loads and servo feedback system; (4) end-face friction moment of torsion and face pressure measuring system; (5) film thickness measuring system; (6) leakage measuring instrumentation system; (7) stationary ring temperature measurement system; (8) medium temperature and pressure-measuring system; (9) the test(ing) medium pressurization and the circulation system; (10) Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS).The annular seal space of sealing system places on single coordinate guide rail platform of face pressure loading and servo feedback system; Single coordinate guide rail platform move axially the face pressure that can change tested mechanical seal in the sealing system.Motor utilizes power input shaft to give the rotating seat of tested mechanical seal in the annular seal space with transmission of power in the drive system, and rotating seat drives the rotating ring running.Because the effect of friction force, driving stationary ring during the rotating ring running twists, cause moving axially and circumferentially reversing of guide cylinder in end-face friction moment of torsion and the face pressure measuring system, guide cylinder move axially and circumferentially torsional capacity record by the sensor in the Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS).Film thickness measuring sensor in the film thickness measuring system places on the stationary ring filler ring of sealing system, and measuring-signal send Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS) to handle.Leakage rate in the sealing system between the dynamic and static ring flow in the mozzle of leakage measuring instrumentation system by the guide cylinder inwall, by mozzle leaking medium is sent into the measuring cup that places LOAD CELLS, the signal that LOAD CELLS obtains send Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS) to handle.Temperature sensor is embedded in the stationary ring of sealing system in the stationary ring temperature measurement system, and the dynamic and static ring temperature signal of experiencing send Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS) to handle.Sensor in medium temperature and the pressure-measuring system places on the seal chamber of sealing system, and medium temperature of experiencing and pressure signal send Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS) to handle.The annular seal space of the test(ing) medium pressurization and the circulation system and sealing system constitutes one and closes circulation, with stablizing of tested mechanical seal operating mode in the assurance annular seal space.
Aforesaid multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester is characterized in that wherein said sealing system comprises annular seal space, mechanical sealing member and power input shaft.Be full of sealed medium between mechanical seal and the annular seal space, the sealing between power input shaft and the seal chamber adopts tested mechanical sealing member to guarantee.The rotating ring of mechanical seal and rotating seat are connected the axle head of power input shaft, and axle head is processed with the circular groove of step and symmetry, links to each other with the rotating seat upper flange.Rotating ring adopts draw-in groove to be connected with rotating seat, adopts seal with O ring between rotating ring and the power input shaft.The stationary ring end face contacts with rotating ring, and the back side is welded with corrugated tube, and the corrugated tube other end is welded with stationary seat, stationary seat is regulated by the gland that links to each other with annular seal space, to change residing position in its annular seal space, change the decrement of corrugated tube simultaneously, realize that the face pressure between the dynamic and static ring changes.Adopt seal with O ring between rotating seat and the gland.
Aforesaid multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester is characterized in that wherein said drive system is made up of high-speed electric expreess locomotive and oil-mist system, variable-frequence governor, power input shaft.(1) the 4SD18-4A type high-speed electric expreess locomotive maximum (top) speed of Shi Yonging is 18, and 000r/min can reach the rotating speed requirement of high speed machine leakage test, and described high-speed electric expreess locomotive also comprises water cooling system and oil-mist system.Water cooling system is by import, export pipeline, and water pump and terminal valve are formed; Oil-mist system is made up of high-pressure air source, reduction valve, oil strainer, oil fogger, condenser and oil separator.(2) rotating speed of high-speed electric expreess locomotive is controlled by variable-frequence governor, can realize stepless change.(3) power input shaft is the high speed shaft that length is short, diameter is little, with high-speed electric expreess locomotive by being threaded, the other end is installed mechanical sealing linkage ring.
But aforesaid multiparameter observing and controlling high speed machine sealing property tester, it is characterized in that wherein said face pressure loads and servo feedback system, moving by saddle can coarse adjustment mechanical seal end surface specific pressure, after saddle is fixed in the course of work, servomotor can impel the sealing system of L shaped bearing and supporting thereof to move axially along the accurate single coordinate setting table of DZH-200 type according to instruction, realize connecting the flexible member compression or the resilience of stationary seat and stationary ring, thereby change the axle pressure that is applied on the stationary ring, finally reach the purpose of regulating face pressure.Described face pressure loads and servo feedback system comprises 1FK7 servomotor, the accurate single coordinate setting table of DZH-200 type, L shaped bearing and the sealing system that supports thereof.Described servomotor can drive the ball-screw of accurate single coordinate setting table, realizes moving axially of table surface, and its precision is up to 0.025mm.Servomotor adopts ball-screw to connect with single coordinate setting table, and the horizontal component of L shaped bearing is fixed on the table top of single coordinate setting table.Offer the center circle through hole on the vertical limit of L shaped bearing, the stationary seat gland is installed in the circular hole, seals with the O RunddichtringO between the center circle through hole on stationary seat gland and the vertical limit of L shaped bearing.Stationary seat and stationary seat gland adopt and are threaded, the sealing of O type circle.Stationary seat is connected by flexible member with stationary ring.Flexible member has two kinds of schemes, and one is metallic bellows, and one is big spring and polytetrafluoroethylbellows bellows combination.In the course of work, send when control system and to instruct to servomotor, servomotor affects ball-screw to rotate, and the slide block on the leading screw affects the work top motion, and then drives L shaped bearing, stationary seat gland, stationary seat and move together.Because axial displacement does not take place rotating ring, and after rotating ring and stationary ring end face compressed, the axial displacement of macroscopic view did not take place in stationary ring yet.Therefore, mobile with L shaped bearing continuation when the stationary seat gland, then the flexible member between stationary ring and the stationary seat continues compression or resilience, and the pressure that is applied on the stationary ring also changes thereupon, thereby realization is to the control of face pressure.
Above-mentioned L shaped bearing is characterised in that, rely on the bottom surface and the depth of parallelism assurance gland center line of the axis of the horizontal through hole of " | " part and the depth of parallelism of table top direction of motion of "-" part, thereby guarantee the verticality of stationary ring end face and table top direction of motion, guarantee that face pressure is uniformly applied on the rotating ring end face.This design simplification structure, improved installation accuracy.
Aforesaid multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester is characterized in that wherein said moment of torsion and face pressure measuring system comprise stationary seat, guide cylinder, the fan-shaped gear piece of angular displacement transmission, NSRB type angular displacement sensor and pinion wheel, NS-WY01 type linear displacement transducer; Guide cylinder one end closely is connected with stationary ring filler ring inner hole thread, and the other end kink of guide cylinder reaches the annular seal space outside in stationary seat gland endoporus and by axle sleeve.Stretch out the variation of annular seal space outer length by measuring guide cylinder, can measurement mechanical be sealed in the variation of flexible member decrement before and after the work, thus the variation of measuring spring pressure.In the course of work, because the effect of moment of friction between the dynamic and static ring, stationary ring is followed flexible member and is twisted, and causes guide cylinder to be offset.The fan-shaped gear piece of described displacement transmission is fixed on the external part of guide cylinder, and it can reflect the angular displacement and the axial displacement of stationary ring.Fan-shaped gear piece passes to angular displacement sensor by pinion wheel with angular displacement.Fan-shaped gear piece is narrow tooth, and pinion wheel is wide tooth, and its width is more than or equal to the permission decrement of stationary seat flexible member.Can axially be free to slide when fan-shaped gear piece cooperates with pinion wheel, promptly pinion wheel does not influence the axial displacement of fan-shaped gear piece.When measuring the axial displacement of fan-shaped gear piece, the end that freely stretches of linear displacement transducer is depressed into the length of full scale, and its top part is pressed on the fan-shaped gear piece and fixes then.Position roughness with the end in contact of freely stretching of linear displacement transducer on the fan-shaped gear piece is very little, and promptly linear displacement transducer does not influence the rotation of fan-shaped gear piece, does not influence the measurement of angular displacement.Described fan-shaped gear piece is characterised in that simultaneously with the break-even transmitter that is relayed to of the axial and circumferential displacement of guide cylinder.
The measurement purpose of above-mentioned angular displacement is: the friction torque that obtains mechanical sealing linkage ring and stationary ring end face.When rotating ring rotates, may be the solid mixed film friction of fluid friction, solid friction or stream between seal face, the friction torque of differentiated friction state correspondence is also different, and friction torque is the important parameter of reflection end face lubricating status.Traditional measuring method is torque sensor of series connection between transmission shaft and motor, measures the end face friction torque with torque sensor.But the value of being surveyed not only comprises the friction torque between end face, also comprises the additional torque that bearing produced of supporting drive shaft, and determining of the latter is comparatively difficult, and therefore, there is big drawback in traditional measurement method.The measuring method that the present invention adopts can make the harmless lost territory of the angular displacement of stationary ring pass to guide cylinder, to fan-shaped gear piece, to pinion wheel, again to angular displacement sensor, has avoided the interference of additional torque to measured value.The angular displacement error that this method is surveyed is present in the driving error between fan-shaped gear piece and the pinion wheel and the measuring error of angular displacement sensor itself.For reducing error, it is 0.5 gear that fan-shaped gear piece and pinion wheel are modulus, and ratio of gear is 1: 4, and two measures can effectively improve measuring accuracy.Used angular displacement sensor is installed on the top of L shaped bearing " | " part.
The measurement purpose of above-mentioned axial displacement is: obtain the pressure between mechanical sealing linkage ring and stationary ring end face.It is characterized in that relying on the fan-shaped gear piece of measurement to determine the decrement of flexible member in the stationary seat, thereby obtain the snap-in force of end face with respect to the axial displacement of L shaped bearing.Measuring principle is: used linear displacement transducer is installed on the top of L shaped bearing " | " part, and its axis normal is in fan-shaped gear piece, and fan-shaped gear piece has guaranteed that perpendicular to main axis sensor institute measured value is the relative displacement of guide cylinder and L shaped bearing.When rotating ring and stationary ring end face fit tightly, single coordinate setting table moves, L shaped bearing and stationary seat gland also move thereupon, and macroscopical displacement does not take place in stationary ring, axial displacement does not take place in guide cylinder, thereby the decrement of flexible member is the relative displacement of guide cylinder and L shaped bearing, and linear displacement transducer institute measured value i.e. relative shift for this reason.
The feature of aforesaid moment of torsion and face pressure measuring principle also is, the decrement (straight-line displacement) and corresponding pressure of the flexible member between stationary ring and stationary seat, and torsional capacity (angular displacement) needs to demarcate in advance with relation between the corresponding moment of torsion.On the basis of known these two kinds of relations, the measured value of angular displacement and straight-line displacement can be converted into friction torque and face pressure between end face.
Aforesaid multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester is characterized in that wherein said film thickness measuring system comprises DO type current vortex sensor and bearing, rotating ring and stationary ring.Current vortex sensor is highly sensitive, can long-term work under abominable condition of work.Described film thickness measuring system is characterised in that: current vortex sensor is installed in the outer edge of stationary ring filler ring, and it is consistent at the motion and the stationary ring end face of axial direction under the condition of work.Rotating ring is designed to have the broadside flange, and current vortex sensor is installed on the flange of stationary ring filler ring, and its induction end is over against the rotating ring edge.When rotating ring and stationary ring end face thickness changed, certain microcosmic displacement took place in stationary ring vertically, cause current vortex sensor to away from or near the axial displacement of rotating ring flange generation microcosmic, this displacement is the variable quantity of thickness, can be recorded by current vortex sensor.The variation of thickness is the important parameter that lubrication state changes between reflection rotating ring and stationary ring end face, and current vortex sensor is higher to the measuring accuracy of this parameter.
Aforesaid multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester is characterized in that the wherein said system of leaking hunting is made up of guide cylinder, guide cylinder end cap, drainage tube, measuring cup and NS-TH1 type LOAD CELLS.Flow out between leaking medium driven torus and stationary ring end face, flow to the guide cylinder end cap through smooth guide cylinder inwall, medium converges in the guide cylinder end caps, flows into measuring cup along drainage tube.Measuring cup places on the LOAD CELLS.It is characterized in that: smooth guide cylinder inwall not only plays the effect of water conservancy diversion, also plays cooling effect, can reduce the loss that leaking medium causes because of vaporization.Used LOAD CELLS can obtain the clean quality of leaking medium, calculates the relation of itself and leak time, get final product slip.
Aforesaid multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester is characterized in that wherein said end face temperature measurement system is made up of CRZ-1632-Ni type film platinum resistor temperature element and stationary ring; Stationary ring is the blind hole of uniform 3 φ 3 circumferentially, and distance dynamic and static ring rubbing surface 2～3mm in blind hole bottom surface adopts insulating gel that platinum resistance is imbedded in the blind hole, and the platinum resistance signal wire is drawn along the guide cylinder inwall.Utilize the little advantage of described film platinum resistor temperature element volume, the measured temperature value is the seal face temperature.
Aforesaid multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester is characterized in that wherein said medium temperature and pressure-measuring system be made up of temperature and pressure force transducer, STTT-T type temperature sensor and tensimeter in the NS-G type.Pressure transducer and temperature sensor are installed on the seal chamber, and load cell contacts with medium with temperature element, and measuring-signal send measuring transducer.Tensimeter is directly installed on the seal chamber.Pressure transducer all contacts with medium with temperature sensor, has guaranteed the degree of accuracy of measured value.
Aforesaid multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester is characterized in that the wherein said test(ing) medium pressurization and the circulation system comprise medium inlet road, export pipeline, imported valve, outlet valve, exhaust-valve, buffer tank, nitrogen cylinder, reduction valve, ebullator, refrigeratory.Ebullator is extracted the medium in the buffer tank out, sends into annular seal space through filter, admission valve; Medium in the annular seal space flows into and doubts the device device through outlet valve, and the cooling back flows into buffer tank, is recycled pump again and extracts out from buffer tank.Buffer tank medium pressure is that the nitrogen in the nitrogen cylinder is decompressed to via reduction valve that authorised pressure loads on above the buffer tank medium and produces.Exhaust-valve is installed in the highest point of seal chamber, can discharge the gas in the cavity when opening.The test(ing) medium pressurization and the circulation system are used to guarantee that the pressure and temperature of medium in the annular seal space is constant.
Aforesaid multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester is characterized in that wherein said Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS) comprises: PLC control system, servo drive system, industrial computer and regulator cubicle.Sensor is sent the signal that collects into analog input module in the PLC control system, converts the CPU that digital signal is sent into the PLC control system to, sends into industrial computer by the CPU of PLC control system again and shows; Can assign the CPU that the PLC control system is given in work order by industrial computer, activate servo drive system work, regulate the mechanical seal end surface specific pressure via locating module.Regulator cubicle is in order to provide PLC control system, servo drive system, industrial computer voltage.The mechanical seal test device controlled quentity controlled variable mostly is analog quantity, and amount of calculation is bigger, and its control system is a real-time system, and control system itself can be followed the tracks of controlled parameter with response speed faster.
Multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester also has following feature: (1) seal chamber bottom installs 4 little bearings additional makes roller usefulness, and it moves forward and backward convenient, and seal chamber does not have the installation accuracy requirement.(2) use the base of thick and heavy lathe base, can effectively reduce the error that motor rotates and the vibration of other forms of motion generation brings to parameter measurement as test unit.
The present invention is on " multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester ", successfully design mechanical sealing linkage ring kinematic train, face pressure application system, end face torch measuring system, film thickness measuring system, leakage measuring instrumentation system, pressure medium and temperature measurement system, medium loading and the circulation system, Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS), realized the measuring multiple parameters and the control of mechanical seal test.It has following advantage:
(1) simple in structure.Adopt the two fulcrum main axle structures of single-cantilever, tested single mechanical end face seal is used for the sealing between annular seal space and the power input shaft.Face pressure between the dynamic and static ring can guarantee the sealing between the dynamic and static ring on the one hand; On the other hand, reduced bearing stressed at axial direction.Simultaneously, the power input shaft of cantilever at rotating ring that the end is adorned, under the supporting of stationary ring and flexible member, is equivalent to add a soft fulcrum, has improved the stress of cantilevered axle.
(2) online digitized measurement of multiparameter and analysis.The parameter of this device on-line measurement has: thickness, stationary ring temperature, leakage rate (rate), spring pressure, rotating ring rotating speed between medium temperature in the annular seal space and pressure, end-face friction moment of torsion, end face.By A/D conversion and data processing, can be in the relation of computer screen between demonstration measured parameter and each parameter.
(3) realized the accurate measurement of end-face friction moment of torsion.Stationary ring is connected with flexible member with stationary seat, utilizes the variation of stationary ring windup-degree in the mechanical seal operation process, can accurately measure the friction torque between the dynamic and static ring of mechanical seal, saved the error of bringing because of connection.
(4) ability of complete examination mechanical seal product long-life operational factor.This device can tracking leakage rate, end-face friction moment of torsion, and respond according to tracking strategy, adjust face pressure, mechanical seal is under the operating mode that the end-face friction moment of torsion is little, slip does not exceed standard moves.Selected sensor, data acquistion and control system precision height, good stability can adapt to the requirement of mechanical seal long period test.
(5) applied range.By changing power input shaft, can be to the different-diameter conventional pump with type mechanical seals such as parallel end faces and hydrodynamic formulas, in water, wet goods volatile medium not, research experiment under the high, medium and low different rotating speeds condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 Sichuan Sealing Technology Inst. pilot system: 1-(1) pond wherein; 1-(2) water pump; 1-(3) gate valve; 1-(4,14) tensimeter; 1-(5,13) thermometer; 1-(6) operator's console; 1-(7,8) switch board; 1-(9) motor; 1-(10) shaft coupling; 1-(11) bearing body; 1-(12) seal chamber; 1-(15,17) stop valve; 1-(16) water pipe;
Fig. 2 Sichuan Sealing Technology Inst. test unit annular seal space structure: 2-(1,6) end cap wherein; 2-(2) seal chamber; 2-(3) stop pin; 2-(4) axle; 2-(5) O-ring seal; 2-(7) axle envelope; 2-(8) rotating seat; 2-(9) corrugated tube; 2-(10,16) coupling bolt; 2-(11) rotating ring; 2-(12) stationary ring; 2-(13) pad; 2-(14,15) regulates backing plate;
Fig. 3 Kelan Seals Co. Ltd., Tianjin leakage test platform structure: 3-(1) belt wherein; 3-(2) belt wheel; 3-(3) input shaft; 3-(4) gear case; 3-(5,18) bevel pinion; 3-(6,16) large helical gear; 3-(7,17,19) thrust button; 3-(8) axis; 3-(9) speed measuring motor; 3-(10,24) fluid cavity lid; 3-(11) high speed shaft; 3-(12,23) double seals; 3-(13,22) leakage test device chamber; 3-(14,21) bearing seal; 3-(15,20) motive bearing; 3-(25) fixed radial thrust ball bearing;
Carbon product quality inspection station, Fig. 4 Sichuan Province test unit: 4-(1) catchment covers wherein; 4-(2) seal chamber; 4-(3) inlet opening; 4-(4) bearing seat; 4-(5) shaft coupling; 4-(6) motor; 4-(7) tensimeter; 4-(8) gauge stand;
Fig. 5 is the present invention's's a " multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester " testing machine overall design scheme: 5-(1) motor bearing wherein; 5-(2) test unit base; The single coordinate guiderail base of 5-(3); The single coordinate guide rail of 5-(4); 5-(5) servomotor; 5-(6) Movable bracket; 5-(7) annular seal space end cap; 5-(8) rotating ring; 5-(9) stationary ring; 5-(10) seal chamber; The L shaped bearing of 5-(11); 5-(12) stationary seat gland; 5-(13) measures guide cylinder; 5-(14) measures the guide cylinder end cap; 5-(15) power input shaft; 5-(16) high-speed electric expreess locomotive;
Fig. 6 is a sealing system of the present invention; 6-(1) end cap coupling bolt wherein; 6-(2) annular seal space end cap; 6-(3) O-ring seals; 6-(4) seal chamber; 6-(5) power input shaft; 6-(6) rotating ring; 6-(7) stationary ring; 6-(8) measures guide cylinder; 6-(9) O-ring seals; 6-(10) annular seal space and L shaped bearing coupling bolt; 6-(11) rotating seat gland; 6-(12) O-ring seals; 6-(13) rotating seat gland and L shaped bearing coupling bolt; The L shaped bearing of 6-(14); The single coordinate setting table table top of 6-(15);
Fig. 7 is a drive system synoptic diagram of the present invention; 7-(1) rotating ring; 7-(2) power input shaft; 7-(3) frequency converter; 7-(4) high-speed electric expreess locomotive; 7-(5) water cooling system; 7-(6) oil-mist system;
Fig. 8 is a face pressure loading system synoptic diagram of the present invention; 8-(1) servomotor; The single coordinate setting table of 8-(2); 8-(3) ball-screw; 8-(4) rotating ring; 8-(5) stationary ring; 8-(6) stationary ring filler ring; 8-(7) corrugated tube; 8-(8) stationary seat; 8-(9) stationary seat gland; 8-(10) power input shaft; The L shaped bearing of 8-(11); 8-(12) table surface;
Fig. 9-A is face pressure of the present invention and torch measuring system front view:
Fig. 9-B is face pressure of the present invention and torch measuring system vertical view: 9-(1) rotating ring wherein; 9-(2) stationary ring; 9-(3) stationary ring filler ring; 9-(4) measures guide cylinder; 9-(5) corrugated tube; 9-(6) stationary seat; The L shaped bearing of 9-(7); 9-(8) angular displacement sensor; 9-(9) pinion wheel; The fan-shaped gear piece of 9-(10); 9-(11) stationary seat gland; 9-(12) gland nut; 9-(13) guide cylinder end cap; 9-(14) linear displacement transducer;
Figure 10 is film thickness measuring system schematic of the present invention: 10-(a 1) power input shaft; 10-(2) rotating ring; 10-(3) rotating ring flange; 10-(4) stationary ring; 10-(5) stationary ring filler ring; 10-(6) current vortex sensor; 10-(7) corrugated tube; 10-(8) measures guide cylinder; 10-(9) stationary seat;
Figure 11 is leakage measuring instrumentation system schematic of the present invention: 11-(a 1) annular seal space; 11-(2) rotating ring; 11-(3) stationary ring; 11-(4) measures guide cylinder; 11-(5) measures the guide cylinder end cap; 11-(6) drainage tube; 11-(7) measuring cup; 11-(8) LOAD CELLS;
Figure 12 is a stationary ring temperature measurement system synoptic diagram of the present invention: 12-(1) stationary ring; 12-(2) film platinum resistor temperature sensor; 12-(3) stationary ring filler ring; 12-(4) measures guide cylinder; 12-(5) lead;
Figure 13 is a hardware control system principle schematic of the present invention.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 5-13, be the specific embodiments of the present invention's " multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester ".Used sensor parameters sees Table 6, and the used element of control system is with reference to Figure 12.
Table 6 multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester sensor
| Sequence number | Title | Quantity | Specification | | Precision | Purposes | |
| 1 | The film platinum | 3 | STTT-T | 0～200 | 1/3DIN | Survey the | |
| 2 | | 1 | STTT-T | 0～200℃ | 0.5％ | Survey | |
| 3 | | 1 | NS-G | 0～2Mpa | 0.5％ | | |
| 4 | | 1 | NS-WY01 | 0～10mm | 0.002mm | | |
| 5 | | 1 | NSRB | 0～30 | 0.2％ | Survey the end face moment of | |
| 6 | | 1 | NS-TH1 | 0～1kg | 0.2％ | Survey the | |
| 7 | | 1 | DO | 0～2mm | 0.2％ | Survey thickness between end face |
1 transmission design
The sealing property of mechanical seal is to guarantee the leakage that power input shaft only produced seldom or do not produce medium in the cavity when penetrating airtight cavity, its rotating ring is fixed on that phantom ring rotates together in the rotating shaft, stationary ring is fixed on the container wall, and what rotating ring and stationary ring relied on end face fits tightly the sealing of realization to medium.The present invention follows the ultimate principle of mechanical seal, and transmission shaft is stretched into seal chamber inside, and rotating ring is installed in axle one end, and the other end and drive motor link.When rotating speed requires to reach 3000r/min or when higher, requires the stability of kinematic train fine, trembling and beating of rotating ring end face is little, and be very high to the requirement for dynamic balance of transmission shaft.Generally, transmission shaft should not adopt cantilevered axle, and with the bearings more than 2 or 2.For ordinary rotational speed, bearings can meet the demands, but rotating speed is when higher, and the bearing heating amount is big, and it is very fast to lose efficacy, and the Installation and Debugging difficulty is big, uneconomical.Because the singularity of this apparatus structure, it is rational adopting cantilevered axle.Rotating shaft diameter of the present invention is 37mm, and length is 150mm, light weight and intensity height.The one end is threadedly connected to the axis hole that stretches out of high-speed electric expreess locomotive, and the other end is designed to stepped form, and rotating ring also is designed to the step that cooperates with it, and O-ring seals is housed between them.The installation position of rotating ring also cooperates with the arc groove of rotating shaft step afterbody symmetry, can guarantee that rotating ring rotates with axle.When rotating ring and stationary ring end face fitted tightly, axial snap-in force had not only compressed O-ring seals, guarantee the sealing of rotating ring and rotating shaft, and countershaft had played supporting role.The use of O-ring seals allows rotating ring that uneven microdisplacement is arranged, thereby guarantees fitting tightly of rotating ring end face and stationary ring end face.The structure of kinematic train as shown in Figure 6.
The design of 2 face pressure application systems
Face pressure has reacted the contact pressure between mechanical sealing linkage ring and the stationary ring end face, is provided by flexible member usually.Flexible member can be spring, corrugated tube etc., looks the requirement of use occasion, and flexible member can be installed in rotating ring rear side or stationary ring rear side.This device is installed in the stationary ring rear side with flexible member, for reducing the quality of rotating ring, second is the consideration easy for installation of flexible member first.Designed a stationary seat, this stationary seat left end can be installed stationary ring, and right-hand member is installed on the axle sleeve and (is fixed on the wall), and the centre then is a flexible member.Stationary seat is reusable, replaceable stationary ring and do not change stationary seat.Among the present invention, stationary seat flexible member one is a metallic bellows, and two is the combination of spring and nonmetal corrugated tube (polytetrafluoroethylbellows bellows of processing).Metallic bellows has elasticity and intensity preferably simultaneously, can react the variation of axle pressure and friction torque, also can bear the pressure of medium, but does not tolerate Korrosionsmedium; Nonmetal corrugated tube is corrosion-resistant, but poor mechanical property as reinforcing element, can improve the ability that it bears pressure and moment of torsion with spring.Two kinds of stationary seats can be selected for use when the different medium condition.Rotating ring and stationary ring end face can think that axial displacement does not take place stationary ring after fitting on macroscopic view, change face pressure, i.e. the snap-in force of flexible member has only the other end of mobile stationary seat, i.e. the axle sleeve position.Axle sleeve is installed on the vertical position of L shaped bearing, and the horizontal component of L shaped bearing is installed on the table top of single coordinate setting table.In the design of L shaped bearing, the circular hole of the vertical position of axle sleeve and L shaped bearing is a precision-fit, and the horizontal bottom of L shaped bearing and table top also are precision-fit, and this design can be satisfied the depth of parallelism requirement of the sense of displacement and the shaft axis of single coordinate guide rail upper table surface.So, the displacement request of stationary seat right-hand member is converted into displacement request to single coordinate setting table, this requirement is satisfied by the servomotor of the ball-screw that drives worktable, to the control of servomotor mode of motion, has also just realized the control to face pressure.The structure of this design as shown in Figure 7.
The design of 3 annular seal spaces
Simulate the real working condition of mechanical seal, need airtight cavity of design, wherein be full of pressure medium, the rotating ring and the stationary ring of mechanical seal are in wherein.For satisfying requirement of strength and installation requirement, sealing is by L shaped bearing, and seal chamber and end cap are formed, as shown in Figure 8.The seal chamber inside surface is a cylinder, can reduce because of whirlpool that rotating ring rotation causes, stream etc. to flow.Each junction is enclosed as seal element with O shape.4 little bearings are installed bottom seal chamber and are added a free table top and can be convenient to moving forward and backward of the heavier seal chamber of quality.In addition, sensor installation threaded hole, medium flow hole, tensimeter hole, emptying valve opening etc. all are opened on the seal chamber.The import of medium rotating ring on the tangential direction of point, and the sense of rotation of rotating ring and MEDIA FLOW be to consistent, the outlet of medium is descended at sealing ring on the tangential direction of point most, thereby guarantees that medium is mobile along the rotating ring sense of rotation.
The design of 4 face pressures and torch measuring system
From the principle of aforesaid face pressure application system as can be known, the measurement of face pressure can be known by the deflection of measuring flexible member.The guide cylinder of the present invention design and the internal circular surfaces of axle sleeve are precision-fit, guide cylinder can be at the internal circular surfaces of axle sleeve free axially-movable or circumferential movement.An end and guide cylinder that stationary seat is installed stationary ring also belong to precision-fit, thereby axial deformation and circumferentially distortion only take place the restriction flexible member.So guide cylinder can react the axial and circumferential displacement situation of stationary ring, and does not produce error.These two kinds of displacements pass to sensor by the fan-shaped gear piece that is fixed on guide cylinder one end again.Fan-shaped gear piece is installed between gland nut and the guide cylinder end cap, and the transmission of the pinion wheel during installation on assurance and the angular displacement sensor is good.The top of linear displacement transducer props up fan-shaped gear piece with the full scale state, and guarantees that it is axially perpendicular to sector.Design stationary ring maximum angular displacement is no more than 5 degree, and the ratio of gear of fan-shaped gear piece and pinion wheel is 1 to 4, within the angular displacement range.Design stationary ring flexible member maximum compressibility is no more than 5mm, also within transducer range.Fig. 9 is face pressure of the present invention and torch measuring system synoptic diagram.
Straight-line displacement that sensor is surveyed and angular displacement are indirect amounts, through transforming into face pressure and torque value.Before test, the flexible member in the stationary seat is demarcated.Utilize its special calibrating instrument, axial force F that in elastic range stationary seat is increased progressively and circumferential moment of torsion M obtain F and the relation of axial displacement z and the relation of M and torsion angle Δ γ.The user is converted into requirement to the Δ γ of Δ z to the requirement of F and M according to these two kinds of relations.
The design of 5 end face film thickness measuring systems
Thickness of liquid film between mechanical sealing linkage ring and stationary ring end face several between tens microns.The present invention adopts the variable quantity of the relative displacement of electric vortex sensor measuring rotating ring and stationary ring installation position as thickness.The probe of current vortex sensor places the front of rotating ring flange, and its axis is vertical with the rotating ring flange surface, as shown in figure 10.Under the non-operating condition, putting current vortex sensor when rotating ring and stationary ring end face fit tightly is 0.During running, because the effect of end-face friction heat and external force, end face will produce certain axisymmetric microcosmic axial deformation, three kinds of runner gaps that may form: (1) parallel clearance, though rotating ring and stationary ring end face all axial deformation will take place, its gap thickness radially still equates; (2) convergence gap, gap thickness increases along the radius augment direction; (3) diffusion gap, gap thickness reduces along the radius augment direction.Lower at rotating speed, the heat of friction of generation is less, external force also hour, the axial deformation of end face can be ignored, thereby measured value is the thickness of end face.Under the high-speed overload operating mode, form convergence gap or diffusion gap, the thickness at minimum clearance place can be ignored, and this moment, measured value was the axial deformation sum of minimum place, gap both ends of the surface, that is maximum film thickness.In the time of between above-mentioned two kinds of situations, the measured value of current vortex sensor is axial deformation and this gap thickness value sum of minimum place, gap both ends of the surface, also is maximum film thickness.Electric vortex sensor measuring be probe apart from the variable in distance of metal surface, measuring accuracy is subjected to the restriction of verticality between rotating ring flange surface and pivot center, therefore, the flatness precision of rotating ring flange surface is 5 μ m up to the verticality precision of 2 μ m and axis.
6 designs of leaking hunting system
Utilize the inside surface of guide cylinder that the leaking medium guiding is collected into end cap.End cap is an annulus that internal thread hole is arranged, and is connected in the external part of guide cylinder.End cap inside surface hoop fluting works the effect of converging to leaking medium, and connects drainage tube radially opening tapped through hole.The drainage tube boot media slowly flows in the measuring cup along the measuring cup wall, and measuring cup places on the LOAD CELLS.When rotating speed was higher, medium may be because of the effect generating gasification of heat of friction between end face, when gas flows vertically, be condensate in guide cylinder inwall or the rotating shaft, the condensed fluid in the rotating shaft is thrown to again on the guide cylinder inwall, therefore, the leaking medium loss of gasification is less, and the overwhelming majority is exported in the measuring cup.Figure 11 is a leakage measuring instrumentation system schematic of the present invention.
The design of 7 stationary ring temperature measurement systems
The sealing ring temperature is important duty parameter.Rotating ring is a rotating element, on it temperature element should not be installed, and can not destroy the integrality of end face again, therefore offer the blind hole that diameter is 2mm at the back side of stationary ring, pitch-row end face 2mm, the film platinum resistor temperature sensor that volume is very little is embedded in the hole, and the space is filled up with copper powder.Radially evenly bury 3 temperature sensors (3 sensors are at circumferential also certain angle at interval, to reduce the phase mutual interference between Kong Yukong) underground along sealing ring,, can record the radially temperature value of diverse location as Figure 12.The measured temperature value is subjected to the influence of the physical property of seal ring material, can react seal face variation of temperature situation.The lead-in wire of sensor is very thin, and its diameter is more much smaller than the clearance distance between rotating shaft and the guide cylinder, with insulating material it is drawn along the guide cylinder inwall.
The measurement of 8 medium temperatures and pressure
On capsule walls, offer tapped through hole, setting pressure sensor and temperature sensor, measuring media pressure and temperature.During the rotating shaft rotation, can cause annular seal space pressure inside and non-uniform temperature, owing to sensor is installed near the seal face, and media flow fully development, therefore, institute's measuring pressure and temperature can be represented the mean value of pressure medium and temperature.On annular seal space top a tensimeter is installed, the gauge pressure value can contrast with the pressure transducer measured value.
The design of the pressurization of 9 media and the circulation system
Test(ing) medium supercharging pressurizer mainly is made up of buffer tank, nitrogen cylinder and reduction valve.Utilize the high pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen cylinder that the liquid medium in the buffer tank is pressurizeed.The top hole pressure of reduction valve is constant, has guaranteed the pressure stability of pilot system.Ebullator makes medium flow in the annular seal space from buffer tank, is flow in the buffer tank by export pipeline again.Buffer tank, inlet ductwork, annular seal space, export pipeline are the closed-loop path, although mechanical seal has leakage at the trial, are small for the volume of buffer tank, and in this process, pressure medium can be thought and remains unchanged in the annular seal space.The purpose of medium circulation is for the heat of stirring and the heat of friction of medium in the annular seal space are taken out of, and carries out cooling processing by refrigeratory.The medium refrigeratory is connected in the export pipeline, be cooled when export pipeline device cooling of MEDIA FLOW.In rotating ring and stationary ring face pressure load the back annular seal space, do not have leakage point, medium in the buffer tank is pressurized to predetermined value, start the band that to realize medium behind the ebullator and press and circulate.
The design of 10 data acquistion and control systems
The master control system of data acquisition system (DAS) of the present invention is the PLC system, for convenient analog quantity is handled, and the unitarity and the rapidity of maintenance deal with data form, select for use the analog quantity processing module of Siemens to carry out data acquisition.In the test, send into the PLC system by gained measured values such as temperature sensor, pressure transducer, LOAD CELLS, linear displacement transducer, angle displacement sensors and handle, and analyze, file at host computer (PC).Each sensor configuration corresponding transmitter, guarantee the signal transmission accurately.
Control system can not only directly be carried out position control, and also realizes by position control under parameter tracking Control pattern, and the position control performance is had relatively high expectations.Therefore, select for use SIEMENS position-specific expansion module FM354 (single shaft driver module) to drive AC servo motor in the PLC control system and carry out displacement control.
The feed drive system of single coordinate setting table adopts the SIMODRIVE BASE LINE driver module (comprising power module, control module) and the 1FK7 series of servo motor of Siemens, has guaranteed the best configuration with Siemens PLC C position control module FM354.The stepless speed variator system of high-speed electric expreess locomotive adopts peace river frequency converter.High-speed electric expreess locomotive is forced the water cycle cooling in the running.Owing to also have the processing (as electric major axes orientation signal, the limit switch of axis servomotor, zero signal etc.) of some digital quantities in the system, so the PLC system selects the digital quantity expansion module of the 16IN/16OUT of SIEMENS for use.Figure 13 is a hardware control system principle schematic of the present invention.
11 parameter tracking patterns
The present invention's's " multi-parameter controllable high-rotating speed mechanical sealing performance tester " key character is that control system can be according to " tracing mode " tracking leakage rate, friction torque or the end face thickness of user's selection, when tracked value departs from the set-point certain limit, system adjusts face pressure or rotating ring rotating speed, makes tracked value trend set-point.
After each element of test unit installed, the user provided displacement by man-machine dialog interface input, the L shaped support position of coarse adjustment, to rotating ring with till the stationary ring end face will soon contact.Continue the L shaped support position of fine setting, to end face rigidly connect touch till, this moment, linear displacement transducer did not record the displacement of guide cylinder as yet, and this position is decided to be position 0 point.Provide the face pressure value, system will contrast the relation table of F and Δ z, utilize linear interpolation method to calculate the decrement Δ z ' of flexible member, and the displacement of the L shaped bearing generation of instruction driven by servomotor Δ z ', at this moment, face pressure should with to the phasing value etc.Medium is full of annular seal space, and pressurization.Provide the rotating ring rotating speed, start high-speed electric expreess locomotive, to steady state (SS), obtain slip value q.Provide slip reference point q
0, carry out " tracking " order.Systematic comparison q and q
0, if q＞q
0, illustrate that the slip value is bigger than normal, then compression elastic element is to increase face pressure.Otherwise, then reduce the decrement of flexible member.Though control system response itself is very fast, leaking medium need just flow in the measuring cup through guide cylinder and drainage tube, so slip is slower to the response that face pressure changes, and needs through just reaching steady state (SS) after a while.After stable, compare q and q once more
0Value, and according to comparative result change face pressure.Generally speaking, difficulty is accomplished q and q
0Absolute equating, therefore provide the error range of permission, as q and q
0Difference in error range, promptly no longer adjust face pressure.Slip generally increases with the growth of the duration of runs, and in a single day system knows that slip q surpasses q
0During value, promptly adjust face pressure according to aforesaid method.Under the given operating mode, adjusting face pressure is the unique channel of control slip, but after sealing ring reaches certain service time, increases uncontrollable its slip of face pressure, and at this moment, seal failure is judged by system.
Compare with the slip tracking, friction torque is followed the tracks of has the feature of quick response.Principle that friction torque is followed the tracks of and slip are followed the tracks of similar, are the size that means change friction torque to change face pressure still, and face pressure is big more, and friction torque is big more.The change of friction torque can be obtained by angular displacement sensor at short notice, and instructs servomotor to make the response that changes displacement, and the adjustment time is shorter.
The end face thickness is followed the tracks of the maximum ga(u)ge of may command liquid film.Because slip is directly proportional with average film thickness between end face, therefore adopt the end face thickness to follow the tracks of also controlled leakage rate, though that thickness is followed the tracks of the response of following the tracks of than slip is faster, its fiduciary level to slip control is followed the tracks of not as good as slip.The tracking strategy of end face thickness is: at first the andfrictional conditions of end face is judged according to working condition and friction torque by system, if fluid friction, then when survey thickness during greater than reference value, the increase face pressure can reduce thickness.When survey thickness during, then increase face pressure, to reduce thickness less than reference value.If not fluid friction then reduces the face pressure heat of can reducing friction, thereby reduces face deformation, reduces maximum film thickness.
Increase face pressure, can reduce slip, but the friction torque increase can cause sealing ring to lose efficacy in advance.Therefore, there is contradiction between the two in the control slip with increasing the service life.Select slip tracing mode provided by the invention, given slip can be monitored the Changing Pattern of friction torque with working time.If do not adopt slip to follow the tracks of, then, need to strengthen the surplus of face pressure in the initial moment for slip after guaranteeing certain duration of runs does not exceed standard, friction torque is bigger, and its operation life is compared little with the operation life under the slip tracing mode.
If can guarantee that end face is in state of liquid friction and slip does not exceed standard, select the friction torque tracing mode, be pursuit gain with current friction torque, the monitoring leakage rate is rule over time.When slip increases to ultimate value, use the slip tracing mode again instead, until seal failure, but the also operation life of prolonged mechanical sealing of this method.
Parameter tracking pattern of the present invention has realized the operation of mechanical seal controllability, takes into account the control slip simultaneously and increases the service life, and has important engineering application value.
The foregoing description limits the present invention never in any form, and all formed technical schemes of form of taking to be equal to replacement or equivalence replacement all drop within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. but the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling comprises: (1) sealing system; (2) drive system; (3) face pressure loads and servo feedback system; (4) end-face friction moment of torsion and face pressure measuring system; (5) film thickness measuring system; (6) leakage measuring instrumentation system; (7) stationary ring temperature measurement system; (8) medium temperature and pressure-measuring system; (9) the test(ing) medium pressurization and the circulation system; (10) Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS); The annular seal space of sealing system places on single coordinate guide rail platform of face pressure loading and servo feedback system; The motor power input shaft is connected with the rotating seat of tested mechanical seal in the annular seal space in the drive system, and rotating seat connects rotating ring; Rotating ring links to each other with stationary ring, and guide cylinder is connected with sensor in the Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS) in end-face friction moment of torsion and the face pressure measuring system; Film thickness measuring sensor in the film thickness measuring system places on the stationary ring filler ring of sealing system, and is connected with Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS); Guide cylinder in the sealing system between the dynamic and static ring is connected with the mozzle of leakage measuring instrumentation system, and mozzle is connected with measuring cup in the LOAD CELLS, and LOAD CELLS is connected with Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS); Temperature sensor is embedded in the stationary ring of sealing system in the stationary ring temperature measurement system, and is connected with Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS); Sensor in medium temperature and the pressure-measuring system places on the seal chamber of sealing system, and is connected with Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS); The annular seal space of the test(ing) medium pressurization and the circulation system and sealing system constitutes one and closes circulation.
But 2, the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein said sealing system is by annular seal space, mechanical sealing member and power input shaft, be full of sealed medium between described mechanical sealing member and the annular seal space, tested mechanical sealing member is between power input shaft and the seal chamber; The rotating ring of mechanical seal and rotating seat are connected the axle head of power input shaft, and axle head is processed with the circular groove of step and symmetry, links to each other with the rotating seat upper flange; Rotating ring adopts draw-in groove to be connected with rotating seat, adopts seal with O ring between rotating ring and the power input shaft; The stationary ring end face contacts with the rotating ring end face, stationary ring and stationary ring filler ring adopt the interference mosaic texture to cooperate, the stationary ring filler ring back side is welded with corrugated tube, the corrugated tube other end is welded with stationary seat, stationary seat is regulated axial location by the gland that links to each other with annular seal space, adopts seal with O ring between rotating seat and the gland.
3. but the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said drive system is made up of high-speed electric expreess locomotive and oil-mist system, variable-frequence governor, power input shaft; Described high-speed electric expreess locomotive also comprises water cooling system and oil-mist system; Water cooling system is by import, export pipeline, and water pump and terminal valve are formed; Oil-mist system is made up of high-pressure air source, reduction valve, oil strainer, oil fogger, condenser and oil separator; The rotating speed of high-speed electric expreess locomotive is regulated and control by variable-frequence governor; Power input shaft one end and high-speed electric expreess locomotive are by thread connection, and the other end is installed mechanical sealing linkage ring.
4. but the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein said face pressure loads and servo feedback system, described face pressure loads and servo feedback system comprises servomotor, accurate single coordinate setting table, L shaped bearing and the sealing system that supports thereof; Servomotor adopts ball-screw to be connected with single coordinate setting table, and the horizontal component of L shaped bearing is fixed on the table top of single coordinate setting table; Offer the center circle through hole on the vertical limit of L shaped bearing, the stationary seat gland is installed in the circular hole, seals with the O RunddichtringO between the center circle through hole on stationary seat gland and the vertical limit of L shaped bearing; Stationary seat and stationary seat gland adopt and are threaded, the sealing of O type circle; Stationary seat is connected by flexible member with stationary ring.
5. but the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said moment of torsion and face pressure measuring system comprise stationary seat, guide cylinder, the fan-shaped gear piece of displacement transmission, angular displacement sensor and pinion wheel, linear displacement transducer; Guide cylinder one end closely is connected with stationary ring filler ring inner hole thread, and other end kink is in stationary seat gland endoporus and extend the annular seal space outside; The fan-shaped gear piece of described displacement transmission is fixed on the external part of guide cylinder, in order to the angular displacement and the axial displacement of reflection stationary ring; Fan-shaped gear piece passes to angular displacement sensor by pinion wheel with the stationary ring angular displacement that guide cylinder passes over; Fan-shaped gear piece is narrow tooth, and pinion wheel is wide tooth, and its width is more than or equal to the permission decrement of stationary seat flexible member; Stationary ring displacement in the axial direction causes that by the length variations that guide cylinder stretches out annular seal space the sector sheet axially moves, and sends into linear displacement transducer by the linear displacement transducer perception; Can axially be free to slide when fan-shaped gear piece cooperates with pinion wheel, promptly pinion wheel does not influence the axial displacement of fan-shaped gear piece; The contact site roughness of freely stretching with linear displacement transducer on the fan-shaped gear piece is little, top can being free to slide on circumference.
6. but the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said film thickness measuring system comprises current vortex sensor, rotating ring, stationary ring and stationary ring filler ring; Current vortex sensor is installed in the outer edge of stationary ring filler ring, and rotating ring adopts the broadside design, and the induction end of current vortex sensor is over against the flange of rotating ring.
7. but the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wherein said system of leaking hunting is made up of guide cylinder, guide cylinder end cap, drainage tube, measuring cup and LOAD CELLS; Guide cylinder one end adopts with the stationary ring filler ring and is threaded, the guide cylinder external part is rotary with the end cap that one one end internal diameter is slightly less than the guide cylinder internal diameter, and the end of guide cylinder end cap has a circular hole, connects the lightweight drainage tube, drainage tube one end places the measuring cup top, and measuring cup is placed on the LOAD CELLS; Flow out between leaking medium driven torus and stationary ring end face, flow to the guide cylinder end cap through smooth guide cylinder inwall, medium converges in the guide cylinder end caps, flows into measuring cup along drainage tube.
8. but the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said end face temperature measurement system is made up of film platinum resistor temperature element and stationary ring; Stationary ring is the blind hole of uniform 3 φ 3 circumferentially, and distance dynamic and static ring rubbing surface 2～3mm in blind hole bottom surface adopts insulating gel that platinum resistance is imbedded in the blind hole, and the platinum resistance signal wire is drawn along the guide cylinder inwall.
9. but the high speed machine seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said medium temperature and pressure-measuring system be made up of pressure transducer, temperature sensor and tensimeter.Pressure transducer and temperature sensor are installed on the seal chamber, and load cell contacts with medium with temperature element, and measuring-signal send survey sensor.
10. but the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wherein said test(ing) medium pressurization and the circulation system comprise medium inlet road, export pipeline, imported valve, outlet valve, exhaust-valve, buffer tank, nitrogen cylinder, reduction valve, ebullator, refrigeratory; Ebullator is extracted the medium in the buffer tank out, sends into annular seal space through filter, admission valve; Medium in the annular seal space flows into refrigeratory through outlet valve, and the cooling back flows into buffer tank, is recycled pump again and extracts out from buffer tank; Exhaust-valve is installed in the highest point of seal chamber.
But 11. the high rotating speed mechanical seal test device of multiparameter observing and controlling according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS) comprises: PLC control system, servo drive system, industrial computer and regulator cubicle; Sensor is sent the signal that collects into analog input module in the PLC control system, converts the CPU that digital signal is sent into the PLC control system to, sends into industrial computer by the CPU of PLC control system again and shows; Can assign the CPU that the PLC control system is given in work order by industrial computer, activate servo drive system work, regulate the mechanical seal end surface specific pressure via locating module.
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