CN112729811A - Organic working medium sealing leakage and dynamic characteristic testing device - Google Patents
Organic working medium sealing leakage and dynamic characteristic testing device Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000126211 Hericium coralloides Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/005—Sealing rings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for testing the sealing leakage and dynamic characteristics of an organic working medium, wherein a cylinder is fixed on a base through a support system, two ends of the cylinder are sleeved with shaft sleeves, the middle section of the cylinder is an experimental section, the two sides of the experimental section are back pressure chambers, the experimental section is provided with a plurality of air inlets, an air inlet manifold is communicated with the air inlets through air inlet pipelines, the air inlet pipeline is provided with an air inlet branch pipe valve, the back pressure chamber is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes, the air outlet is communicated with a first air storage tank through an exhaust pipeline, the first air storage tank is communicated with a second air storage tank through a gas treatment system, the second air storage tank is communicated with an air inlet main pipe, a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the exhaust pipeline, a driving system is connected with a rotor of the experimental section, the device can control the leakage amount of the organic working medium and meet the requirement of testing the dynamic characteristic parameters of the universal sealing ring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of experimental test devices, and relates to a device for testing sealing leakage and dynamic characteristics of an organic working medium.
Background
The sealing device is an important component of a turbine machine, and plays an important role in restraining leakage of fluid (steam and gas), guaranteeing safe operation of turbine equipment and improving the economical efficiency of a system. With the development of turbomachinery technology, a great number of high-parameter, high-capacity, high-precision and small-gap turbomachines are available, the problem of steam (gas) flow shock also frequently occurs, and the damage to equipment is increased more and more. As is well known, fluid flow within a seal is one of the main sources of induced flow excitation forces, and one typically uses eight stiffness, damping coefficients to describe the dynamic characteristics of the seal.
Currently, methods for obtaining the dynamic characteristics of the seal are basically classified into theoretical methods, numerical simulation methods, and experimental methods. The results obtained by the theoretical method and the numerical simulation method are not direct and accurate than the results obtained by the experimental method. Meanwhile, data acquired by an experimental method can provide a measurement data basis for a numerical simulation method and can also be used for verifying the importance of relevant assumptions in a theoretical method, which has important values for understanding the law of sealing dynamics and understanding the generation mechanism of the steam flow exciting force.
Compared with a steam turbine and an air turbine, the organic working medium turbine has the advantages that the working medium leakage problem of the organic working medium turbine must be fully considered during the design of an experimental device, and meanwhile, the sealing structure is more in form, for example, novel sealing types such as honeycomb, brush type, reverse rotational flow, damping, spiral groove, step and mixing are adopted, and the designed experimental device and experimental method have universality. Most of the existing experimental devices can not control the leakage amount of the organic working medium and meet the requirements of dynamic characteristic parameter testing of the universal sealing ring.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic characteristics of the organic working medium, which can control the leakage amount of the organic working medium and meet the requirements of the dynamic characteristic parameter test of the universal sealing ring.
In order to achieve the purpose, the device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic property of the organic working medium comprises a cylinder, a supporting system, a base, an air inlet main pipe, an air inlet pipeline, an exhaust pipeline, a first air storage tank, a gas processing system, a second air storage tank and a driving system;
the cylinder passes through braced system and is fixed in on the base, and the axle sleeve has been cup jointed at the both ends of cylinder, and the interlude of cylinder is the experiment section, the both sides of experiment section are the backpressure cavity, the experiment section is provided with a plurality of inlet ports, intake manifold pass through the admission line with the inlet port is linked together, be provided with the branch pipe valve of admitting air on the admission line, be provided with a plurality of ventholes on the backpressure cavity, the venthole is linked together through exhaust duct and first gas holder, and first gas holder is linked together through gas processing system and second gas holder, and the second gas holder is linked together with intake manifold, is provided with pressure regulating valve on the exhaust duct, and actuating system is connected with the rotor of experiment.
The gas treatment system comprises a compressor, a dryer, a cooler and a filter which are communicated in sequence.
The driving system comprises a motor, a coupler, a bearing support, a lubricating oil tank, an oil pump, an oil inlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline;
the output shaft of motor passes through the shaft coupling and is connected with the rotor of experiment section, and the rotor of experiment section sets up on first slide bearing and second slide bearing, and first slide bearing and second slide bearing are installed on bearing support, and the export of lubricating-oil tank is linked together through oil pump and oil inlet pipeline and first slide bearing and second slide bearing's oil inlet, and first slide bearing and second slide bearing's oil-out is linked together through returning oil pipe and lubricating-oil tank.
The oil inlet pipeline is provided with a pressure sensor, an oil inlet valve and a flowmeter.
The oil return pipeline is provided with a thermometer.
Displacement sensors are installed on the first sliding bearing and the second sliding bearing, and acceleration sensors are installed on two sides of the cylinder.
The vibration exciter is used for applying vibration excitation to two ends of the cylinder.
During testing, an impedance function matrix Z of the cylinder is obtained firstly, the oil pump is started, the rotating speed of the motor is controlled to be 1000-4000 r/min, the vibration exciter provides about 500N of exciting force, and the relation between the horizontal vertical force of two cross sections at two ends of the cylinder and vibration is as follows:
wherein, X1、Y1For absolute vibration of the cylinder in the direction X, y of the first end face of the cylinder, X2、Y2For absolute vibration of the cylinder in the direction X, y of the second end face of the cylinder, X1、Y1、X2、Y2Measured by an acceleration sensor, Fx、FyIs the exciting force of the cylinder in the x and y directions, Fx1、Fy1、Fx2、Fy2For the exciting force of the cylinder corresponding to the first end surface and the second end surface of the cylinder, different exciting modes are selected to obtain Z in the cylinder impedance function matrix11～Z44；
When the cylinder is under the action of the steam flow exciting force, the air inlet branch pipe valve is opened, the pressure of the air inlet branch pipe valve is 0-2MPa, the exciting force in the X direction and the exciting force in the Y direction are the exciting forces brought by the air inlet steam flow, and the steam flow is distributed in the whole cylinder, so that the total steam flow exciting force is as follows:
by measuring the relative vibration W of the rotor in the horizontal and vertical directions at the two ends of the cylinderx、WyTo eliminate steamThe effect of the cylinder deflection, wherein,
wherein, Wx1、Wy1、Wx2、Wy2Relative vibration of the rotor measured by the two displacement sensors;
the rotor dynamics control equation is:
wherein Hij＝Kij+iωCijOmega is the exciting frequency, and the exciting frequency and the rotating frequency are the same as the exciting frequency of the steam flow of the cylinder which is only acted by the exciting force of the steam flow which is in frequency communication with the rotation of the rotor
Two steam flow states are selected to obtain a sealing dynamic characteristic parameter, wherein,
then the sealing dynamic characteristic coefficient matrix [ H ]ij]Comprises the following steps:
the above formula can be modified as follows:
the excitation force is expressed as:
wherein, Wx1,A、Wy1,A、Wx2,A、Wy2,A、Wx1,B、Wy1,B、Wx2,BAnd Wy2,BMeasured by a displacement sensor, X1,A、Y1,A、X2,A、Y2,A、X1,B、Y1,B、X2,BAnd Y2,BMeasured by an acceleration sensor, and respectively acquiring sealing rigidity K through a real part and an imaginary partxx、Kxy、Kyx、KyyAnd sealing damping Cxx、Cxy、Cyx、Cyy。
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic characteristic of the organic working medium is in specific operation, the middle section of the cylinder is an experimental section, two sides of the experimental section are back pressure chambers, meanwhile, the experimental section is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes, the back pressure chambers are provided with a plurality of air outlet holes, the air inlet pipeline is provided with an air inlet branch pipe valve, and the air outlet pipeline is provided with a pressure regulating valve, so that the leakage amount of the organic working medium is controlled, and the requirement of the dynamic characteristic parameter test of the universal sealing ring is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a drive system;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder 7.
Wherein, 1 is an air inlet pipeline, 2 is a pressure regulating valve, 3 is an exhaust pipeline, 4 is a support system, 5 is an air inlet main pipe, 6 is an air inlet branch pipe valve, 7 is a cylinder, 8 is a first air storage tank, 9 is a shaft sleeve, 10 is an oil inlet pipeline, 11 is an oil return pipeline, 11, 12 is a rotor, 13 is a filter, 14 is a coupler, 15 is a first sliding bearing, 16 is a second sliding bearing, 17 is a motor, 18 is a lubricating oil tank, 19 is an exhaust hole, 20 is an experimental section, 21 is a back pressure chamber, and 22 is an air inlet hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, the device for testing the sealing leakage and dynamic characteristics of the organic working medium according to the present invention includes a cylinder 7, a support system 4, a base, an intake manifold 5, an intake pipe 1, an exhaust pipe 3, a first gas storage tank 8, a gas processing system, a second gas storage tank, and a driving system; the cylinder 7 is fixed on the base through the support system 4, the shaft sleeve 9 is sleeved at two ends of the cylinder 7, the middle section of the cylinder 7 is an experiment section 20, two sides of the experiment section 20 are backpressure chambers 21, the experiment section 20 is provided with a plurality of air inlets 22, the air inlet manifold 5 is communicated with the air inlets 22 through the air inlet pipeline 1, the air inlet pipeline 1 is provided with an air inlet branch pipe valve 6, the backpressure chambers 21 are provided with a plurality of air outlets 19, the air outlets 19 are communicated with the first air storage tank 8 through the exhaust pipeline 3, the first air storage tank 8 is communicated with the second air storage tank through the gas treatment system, the second air storage tank is communicated with the air inlet manifold 5, the exhaust pipeline 3 is provided with the pressure regulating valve 2, and the driving system is connected with the rotor 12 of the experiment.
The gas treatment system comprises a compressor, a dryer, a cooler and a filter 13 which are communicated in sequence.
The driving system comprises a motor 17, a coupler 14, a bearing support, a lubricating oil tank 18, an oil pump, an oil inlet pipeline 10 and an oil return pipeline 11; an output shaft of the motor 17 is connected with a rotor 12 of the experiment section 20 through a coupler 14, the rotor 12 of the experiment section 20 is arranged on a first sliding bearing 15 and a second sliding bearing 16, the first sliding bearing 15 and the second sliding bearing 16 are installed on a bearing support, an outlet of the lubricating oil tank 18 is communicated with oil inlets of the first sliding bearing 15 and the second sliding bearing 16 through an oil pump and an oil inlet pipeline 10, and oil outlets of the first sliding bearing 15 and the second sliding bearing 16 are communicated with the lubricating oil tank 18 through an oil return pipeline 11.
The oil inlet pipeline 10 is provided with a pressure sensor, an oil inlet valve and a flowmeter; a thermometer is arranged on the oil return pipeline 11; displacement sensors are arranged on the first sliding bearing 15 and the second sliding bearing 16, and acceleration sensors are arranged on two sides of the cylinder 7; the invention also comprises an exciter for applying excitation to the two ends of the cylinder 7.
During testing, an impedance function matrix Z of the cylinder 7 is obtained firstly, the oil pump is started, the rotating speed of the motor 17 is controlled to be 1000-4000 r/min, the vibration exciter provides an exciting force of about 500N, and the relation between horizontal and vertical forces of two cross sections at two ends of the cylinder 7 and vibration is as follows:
wherein, X1、Y1For absolute vibration of the cylinder 7 in the direction X, y of the first end surface of the cylinder 7, X2、Y2For absolute vibration of the cylinder 7 in the direction X, y of the second end surface of the cylinder 7, X1、Y1、X2、Y2Measured by an acceleration sensor, Fx、FyIs the exciting force of the cylinder 7 in the x and y directions, Fx1、Fy1、Fx2、Fy2For the exciting force of the cylinder 7 corresponding to the first end surface and the second end surface of the cylinder 7, different exciting modes are selected to obtain Z in the impedance function matrix of the cylinder 711～Z44；
When the cylinder 7 is under the action of the steam flow exciting force, the air inlet branch pipe valve 6 is opened, the pressure of the air inlet branch pipe valve 6 is 0-2MPa, the exciting force in the X direction and the exciting force in the Y direction are the exciting forces brought by the air inlet steam flow, and the steam flow is distributed in the whole cylinder 7, so that the total steam flow exciting force is as follows:
by measuring the relative vibration W of the rotor 12 in the horizontal and vertical directions at both ends of the cylinder 7x、WyTo eliminate the effect of the deflection of the cylinder 7, wherein,
wherein, Wx1、Wy1、Wx2、Wy2Relative vibration of the rotor 12 measured for the two displacement sensors;
the kinetic governing equation for the rotor 12 is:
wherein Hij＝Kij+iωCijOmega is the excitation frequency, and the excitation frequency and the rotation frequency are the same as the excitation frequency because the cylinder 7 is only acted by the steam flow excitation force which is in frequency communication with the rotation of the rotor 12
Two steam flow states are selected to obtain a sealing dynamic characteristic parameter, wherein,
then the sealing dynamic characteristic coefficient matrix [ H ]ij]Comprises the following steps:
the above formula can be modified as follows:
the excitation force is expressed as:
wherein, Wx1,A、Wy1,A、Wx2,A、Wy2,A、Wx1,B、Wy1,B、Wx2,BAnd Wy2,BMeasured by a displacement sensorTo, X1,A、Y1,A、X2,A、Y2,A、X1,B、Y1,B、X2,BAnd Y2,BMeasured by an acceleration sensor, and respectively acquiring sealing rigidity K through a real part and an imaginary partxx、Kxy、Kyx、KyyAnd sealing damping Cxx、Cxy、Cyx、Cyy。
the backpressure chamber 21, the working medium exhaust/recovery chamber and the air inlet and exhaust recovery circulation system of the experimental platform increase backpressure control and gas recovery circulation functions, can realize the cyclic utilization of carbon dioxide and other organic working media, and simultaneously reduce the adverse effect on the working environment due to working medium leakage. When the sealing structure of the organic working medium steam turbine is designed, the back pressure control and working medium circulating device can provide a scheme of almost zero leakage.
In the experimental example, compressed air is selected temporarily, the inlet pressure is 1.0MPa, 8 groups of comb tooth seals are installed in the cylinder 7, the inlet pressure/back pressure outlet pressure is 4, the eccentricity is 0, the average gap is 0.6mm, the rotating speed is 2000r/min, and the test results of the two groups of dynamic characteristics when the rotor 12 shaft vibration has a difference are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic characteristic of the organic working medium is characterized by comprising a cylinder (7), a support system (4), a base, an air inlet main pipe (5), an air inlet pipeline (1), an exhaust pipeline (3), a first air storage tank (8), a gas treatment system, a second air storage tank and a driving system;
the air cylinder (7) is fixed on the base through a support system (4), shaft sleeves (9) are sleeved at two ends of the air cylinder (7), an experiment section (20) is arranged at the middle section of the air cylinder (7), backpressure chambers (21) are arranged at two sides of the experiment section (20), a plurality of air inlets (22) are arranged on the experiment section (20), an air inlet manifold (5) is communicated with the air inlets (22) through an air inlet pipeline (1), an air inlet branch pipe valve (6) is arranged on the air inlet pipeline (1), a plurality of air outlets (19) are arranged on the backpressure chambers (21), the air outlets (19) are communicated with a first air storage tank (8) through an exhaust pipeline (3), the first air storage tank (8) is communicated with a second air storage tank through a gas treatment system, the second air storage tank is communicated with the air inlet manifold (5), and a pressure regulating valve (2) is arranged on the exhaust pipeline (, the drive system is connected with the rotor (12) of the experimental section (20).
2. The device for testing the sealing leakage and dynamic characteristics of the organic working medium according to claim 1, wherein the gas treatment system comprises a compressor, a dryer, a cooler and a filter (13) which are communicated in sequence.
3. The device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic characteristics of the organic working medium according to claim 1, wherein the driving system comprises a motor (17), a coupling (14), a bearing support, a lubricating oil tank (18), an oil pump, an oil inlet pipeline (10) and an oil return pipeline (11);
an output shaft of the motor (17) is connected with a rotor (12) of the experiment section (20) through a coupler (14), the rotor (12) of the experiment section (20) is arranged on a first sliding bearing (15) and a second sliding bearing (16), the first sliding bearing (15) and the second sliding bearing (16) are arranged on a bearing support, an outlet of a lubricating oil tank (18) is communicated with oil inlets of the first sliding bearing (15) and the second sliding bearing (16) through an oil pump and an oil inlet pipeline (10), and oil outlets of the first sliding bearing (15) and the second sliding bearing (16) are communicated with the lubricating oil tank (18) through an oil return pipeline (11).
4. The device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic property of the organic working medium according to claim 3, wherein a pressure sensor, an oil inlet valve and a flowmeter are arranged on the oil inlet pipeline (10).
5. The device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic property of the organic working medium according to claim 1, wherein a thermometer is arranged on the oil return pipeline (11).
6. The device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic property of the organic working medium according to claim 1, wherein displacement sensors are mounted on the first sliding bearing (15) and the second sliding bearing (16), and acceleration sensors are mounted on two sides of the cylinder (7).
7. The device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic property of the organic working medium according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising a vibration exciter for applying vibration excitation to two ends of the cylinder (7).
8. The device for testing the sealing leakage and the dynamic characteristics of the organic working medium according to claim 1, wherein during testing, an impedance function matrix Z of the cylinder (7) is obtained, an oil pump is started, the rotating speed of a motor (17) is controlled to be 1000-4000 r/min, an exciter provides an exciting force of about 500N, and the relationship between horizontal and vertical forces of two cross sections at two ends of the cylinder (7) and vibration is as follows:
wherein, X1、Y1Is the absolute vibration of the cylinder (7) in the X, y direction of the first end face of the cylinder (7), X2、Y2Is the absolute vibration of the cylinder (7) in the direction X, y of the second end face of the cylinder (7), X1、Y1、X2、Y2Measured by an acceleration sensor, Fx、FyIs the exciting force of the cylinder (7) in the x and y directions, Fx1、Fy1、Fx2、Fy2For the exciting force of the cylinder (7) corresponding to the first end surface and the second end surface of the cylinder (7), different exciting modes are selected to obtain Z in the impedance function matrix of the cylinder (7)11～Z44；
When the cylinder (7) is under the action of the steam flow exciting force, the air inlet branch pipe valve (6) is opened, the pressure of the air inlet branch pipe valve (6) is 0-2MPa, the exciting force in the X direction and the exciting force in the Y direction are the exciting forces brought by the air inlet steam flow, and the steam flow is distributed in the whole cylinder (7), so that the total steam flow exciting force is:
by measuring the relative vibration W of the rotor (12) in the horizontal and vertical directions at both ends of the cylinder (7)x、WyTo eliminate the influence of the deflection of the cylinder (7), wherein,
wherein, Wx1、Wy1、Wx2、Wy2Relative vibration of the rotor (12) measured for the two displacement sensors;
the kinetic control equation of the rotor (12) is:
wherein Hij＝Kij+iωCijOmega is the excitation frequency, and the excitation frequency and the rotation frequency are as follows, because the cylinder (7) is only acted by the steam flow excitation force which is in rotating frequency with the rotor (12)
Two steam flow states are selected to obtain a sealing dynamic characteristic parameter, wherein,
then the sealing dynamic characteristic coefficient matrix [ H ]ij]Comprises the following steps:
the above formula can be modified as follows:
the excitation force is expressed as:
wherein, Wx1,A、Wy1,A、Wx2,A、Wy2,A、Wx1,B、Wy1,B、Wx2,BAnd Wy2,BMeasured by a displacement sensor, X1,A、Y1,A、X2,A、Y2,A、X1,B、Y1,B、X2,BAnd Y2,BMeasured by an acceleration sensor, and respectively acquiring sealing rigidity K through a real part and an imaginary partxx、Kxy、Kyx、KyyAnd sealing damping Cxx、Cxy、Cyx、Cyy。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117450255A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-26 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for double-sided horizontal pressurized sealing |
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