CN1734248A - Apparatus for simulating airflow exciting-vibration in high-speed rotating machine and testing vibration - Google Patents
Apparatus for simulating airflow exciting-vibration in high-speed rotating machine and testing vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN1734248A CN1734248A CN 200510027434 CN200510027434A CN1734248A CN 1734248 A CN1734248 A CN 1734248A CN 200510027434 CN200510027434 CN 200510027434 CN 200510027434 A CN200510027434 A CN 200510027434A CN 1734248 A CN1734248 A CN 1734248A
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Abstract
This invention relates to an analogy and vibration measurement device of high-speed revolving mechanic air-current exciting, which is characterized by the following: a high-speed revolving mechanic air-current exciting analogy and vibration measurement device which comprises the following steps: its rotor supporting and fixing on the checking platform, the driving device activating the rotor revolving, an air-seal assembling liner in the cylinder, the air-seal elaborating on the rotor, the liner and air-seal on the rotor constituting a labyrinth air-seal; an entrance in the middle of the cylinder which injects pressure to the cylinder through the air-line device; Signal measurement device contains many groups of sensors, which fixed two sensors in the entrance, exit, and stator air-seal gear of the cylinder and the shaft bearing shelf separately; Fitting a sensor on the end of the driving generator shaft bearing shelf; the signal of the sensor connects the multi-route datum device through the wire.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration simulation and vibration-testing apparatus, be used for simulating the flow-induced vibration phenomenon of rotating machinery, belong to the power machine technical field.
(2) background technology
Adopting ultra supercritical pressure is one of important channel of improving turbine thermodynamic efficiency.But the raising of turbine steam condition, can cause the increase of high pressure cylinder admission density, flow velocity to improve, sensitivity to moderate improves vapor action to dynamic and static gaps, hermetically-sealed construction and rotor and cylinder in epitrochanterian tangential force, increased and act on epitrochanterian exciting force, this makes the possibility of supercritical turbine generation steam flow excitation be far longer than subcritical pressure turbine.Steam flow excitation belongs to autovibration, is the vibration that is caused by the inner steam flow excitation power excitation of steam turbine.Steam flow excitation can make axle system stability reduce, and can bring out the rotor unstability when serious, produces very big low-frequency vibration, and steam flow excitation becomes one of the key factor that influences the supercritical turbine reliability and the subject matter that faces.Therefore, research steam flow excitation and prophylactico-therapeutic measures thereof guarantee that for the reliability that improves supercritical turbine the safety of electrical network has crucial meaning.
Flow-induced vibration for the labyrinth seal structure causes has carried out certain research both at home and abroad, but then less aspect experiment, these test units all can only be tested simple straight-tooth sealing gland.For the flow-induced vibration experimental study of the complicated air seal structure of actual supercritical turbine and the experimental provision of response, yet there are no report at present both at home and abroad.Flow field complexity in the labyrinth seal, the subtle change of air seal structure all can produce tremendous influence to the dynamic pressure that sealing gland causes, so adopt the device that can carry out actual air seal structure flow-induced vibration experiment to study, can improve the precision of prediction of flow-induced vibration greatly and also be prevented and treated.In addition, rotor oscillation in the flow-induced vibration experiment is in the past measured and can only be measured the outer shaft vibration of sealing gland tooth, because the sealing gland interdental space has only several millimeters, and general displacement sensor structure size is all bigger, the shaft vibration of sealing gland inside can't be measured, thereby can't experimental study sealing gland interior flow field and rotor oscillation between coupled relation, yet this key point of solid coupled problem of flow-induced vibration stream just.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration simulation and vibration-testing apparatus, this proving installation can be realized the simulation and the reproduction of flow-induced vibration phenomenon, and can test, analyze the rotor oscillation that different air seal structures cause and change, with and the variation relation of dynamic characteristic coefficients and physical dimension.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration simulation and vibration-testing apparatus, it is characterized in that comprising drive unit, bracing or strutting arrangement, rotor, cylinder, gas path device, signal measurement apparatus, rotor is supported and is fixed on the test-bed body by bracing or strutting arrangement, drive unit drives the rotor rotation, the sleeve that sealing gland can be installed is housed in the cylinder, processed on the rotor have a sealing gland, sleeve and epitrochanterian sealing gland are formed labyrinth air seal jointly, have air intake opening at the cylinder middle part, in cylinder, inject gases at high pressure through gas path device, signal measurement apparatus comprises many group sensors, at cylinder air inlet pair of sensors is housed, pair of sensors is equipped with at the cylinder outlet place, on the stator sealing gland tooth in the cylinder pair of sensors is housed, pair of sensors is housed on the bearing bridge, a sensor is housed on the motor side bearing bridge of drive unit, sensor signal connects the multi-channel data acquisition instrument through lead.
Above-mentioned simulation of high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration and vibration-testing apparatus, described drive unit comprises direct current generator, timing control cabinet, gear case, flexible connection, rotor links to each other with flexible connection, the bearing bridge of support rotor is fixed on the experiment stage body, flexible connection connects together gear case and direct current generator, direct current generator is fixed on the experiment stage body, and direct current generator links to each other with the DC motor speed-regulating switch board; Bracing or strutting arrangement comprises test-bed body, bearing bridge, bearing and lubricant passage way, lube oil inlet pipe is connected with the upper guide oilhole of bearing bridge, and link to each other with fuel reserve tank through the oil circuit variable valve, fuel reserve tank links to each other with oil pump by scavenge pipe, and oil pump rushes down oilhole by scavenge pipe with the bottom of bearing bridge and links to each other; The cylinder that is installed in the rotor middle part is combined by upper left cylinder block, lower-left cylinder block, upper right cylinder block and the connection of bottom right cylinder block, and be fixed on the experiment stage body, upper left cylinder block links to each other with the sealing gland sleeve with upper right cylinder block, be processed with stator sealing gland tooth on the sealing gland sleeve, be processed with rotor sealing gland tooth on the rotor; Gas path device comprises draft tube, gas piping, air valve, gas-holder, air compressor, and the draft tube that enters the cylinder middle part links to each other with gas-holder through air valve, and gas-holder links to each other with air compressor through gas piping; Being used to measure a pair of current vortex sensor that sealing gland inflow point axle shakes is mutually 90 degree and becomes 45 degree to be spun on the cylinder middle part by screw thread respectively with level, be used to measure a pair of current vortex sensor that cylinder outlet place axle shakes and be mutually the processing support that 90 degree are fixed on the cylinder trailing edge, the rotor vibration displacement that a pair of sensor that is mutually 90 degree is used for the test bearing place is set on the bearing bridge, the phase place that a current vortex sensor is used to measure rotor is set on the bearing bridge of motor side, one group of laser sensor is mutually 90 degree and passes cylinder and be fixed between two stator sealing gland teeth, be used to measure the rotor vibration displacement at sealing gland tooth place, sensor signal connects the multi-channel data acquisition instrument through lead.
Above-mentioned simulation of high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration and vibration-testing apparatus, described rotor center is set with the air flow guiding dish with streamline shape, and the rotor both sides are respectively installed with a balance wheel disc.
The invention solves technical matters, realized the measurement of packing section rotor vibration displacement, and do not destroyed air seal structure the flow-induced vibration research experiment of subcritical, overcritical and the various actual air seal structure of supercritical turbine.For the solid coupling of the stream of research sealing gland flow field and rotor, effective means of testing and experimental data are provided.Total of the present invention adopts modular design, can change rotor, the different structure form of different-diameter, the sealing gland of size, has stronger versatility; Bearing adopts oval sliding bearing, and is more approaching with the supporting condition of actual steam turbine; Cylinder block is made up of four parts, is convenient to the replacing and the installation of sealing gland.Therefore the present invention is very suitable for the experimental study of the flow-induced vibration of the various air seal structures of large rotating machinery such as steam turbine, gas turbine, investigate the influence of different sealing gland forms, size and rotor speed, gaseous tension, the gas-solid coupling of gas and rotor structure under the research flow-induced vibration situation to flow-induced vibration.Flow-induced vibration produces, the rule of development thereby find, and it is carried out effectively preventing.
(4) description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration simulation of the present invention and vibration-testing apparatus structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the rotor structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the cylinder block synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a cylinder block inner structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the air seal structure synoptic diagram.
Among the figure: 1 rotor, 2 bearing bridge, 3 experiment stage bodies, 4 change speed gear boxs, 5 flexible connections, 6 direct current generators, 7 motor bases, 8 motor foot bolt, 9 upper left cylinder block, 10 upper right cylinder block, 11 upper left cylinder block, 12 bottom right cylinder block, 13 fuel reserve tanks, 14 fuel taps, 15 petroleum pipelines, 16-a, the 16-b scavenge pipe, 17 oil pumps, 18 air compressor, 19 gas pipings, 20 gas-holder, 21 air valves, 22 draft tube, the vertical current vortex sensor in 23 bearing places, the horizontal current vortex sensor in 24 bearing places, vertical current vortex sensor is located in 25 gas outlets, and horizontal current vortex sensor is located in 26 gas outlets, 27 packing places, 45 degree laser sensors, 28 packing places, 135 degree laser sensors, 29 flow guiding disc places, 45 degree current vortex sensors, 30 flow guiding disc places, 135 degree current vortex sensors, 31 key phase survey sensors, 32 DC motor speed-regulating switch boards, 33 flow guiding discs, 34 left side wheel discs, 35 right side wheel discs, 36 cylinder split flange bolts, 37 cylinder foot bolt, 38 sealing gland sleeves, 39 stator sealing gland teeth, 40 rotor sealing gland teeth.
(5) embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration simulation and vibration-testing apparatus, comprise drive unit, bracing or strutting arrangement, rotor 1, cylinder, gas path device, signal measurement apparatus, drive unit comprises direct current generator 6, timing control cabinet 32, gear case 4, flexible connection 5, bracing or strutting arrangement comprises test-bed body 3, bearing bridge 2, bearing and lubricant passage way, gas path device comprises draft tube 22, gas piping 19, air valve 21, gas-holder 20, air compressor 19, signal measurement apparatus comprises many group sensors, the cylinder block of assembly type gland seal structure.
Rotor 1 links to each other with flexible connection 5, and be supported on bearing and the bearing bridge 2, bearing bridge links to each other with experiment stage body 3 by foot bolt, flexible connection 5 is associated in gear case 4 and direct current generator 6 together, direct current generator 6 links to each other with motor basis 7, motor basis 7 links to each other with experiment stage body 3 by foot bolt 8, and direct current generator 6 links to each other with switch board 32 again.Lube oil inlet pipe 15 links to each other with bearing bridge 2 with bearing, oil inlet pipe 15 links to each other with oil circuit variable valve 14, variable valve 14 links to each other with fuel reserve tank 13, fuel reserve tank 13 links to each other with scavenge pipe 16-b simultaneously, scavenge pipe 16-b links to each other with oil pump 17 1 sides, oil pump 17 opposite sides link to each other with scavenge pipe 16-a, and scavenge pipe 16-a links to each other with bearing bridge 2 again.Upper left cylinder block 9 is joined together to form left cylinder with lower-left cylinder block 11 by flange bolt, and upper right cylinder block 10 is joined together to form right cylinder with bottom right cylinder block 12 by flange bolt, and left and right sides cylinder is associated in together by bolt.Left and right sides therapeutic method to keep the adverse qi flowing downward cylinder body 11,12 links to each other by foot bolt with experiment stage body 3.Last bottom right cylinder block 10,12 link to each other with draft tube 22 respectively, and draft tube 22 other ends link to each other with air valve 21 1 ends, and air valve 21 other ends link to each other with gas-holder 20 1 sides, gas-holder 20 opposite sides link to each other with gas piping 19 1 ends, and gas piping 19 other ends link to each other with air compressor 18.Measure a pair of current vortex sensor 29 of sealing gland inflow point, 30 become 45 degree to be spun on the cylinder middle part by screw thread respectively with level measures flow guiding disc 33 displacements, the current vortex sensor 25,26 that measurement cylinder outlet place axle shakes is mutually 90 degree and is fixed on the support of processing, and support is fixed on the cylinder trailing edge; Sensor 23,24 is fixed on the bearing bridge 2, and other adopts a current vortex sensor 31 to measure the phase place of rotor, is fixed on the bearing bridge 2 of motor side.In addition, adopt one group of laser sensor 27,28 to be mutually 90 degree, pass cylinder sensor is fixed between two sealing gland teeth, measure the rotor vibration displacement at sealing gland tooth place, sensor fixes by perfusion glue.Many group sensor signals connect the multi-channel data acquisition instrument through lead.
Referring to Fig. 2, flow guiding disc 33 is installed in the middle of the rotor 1, rotor 1 both sides are set with two balance wheel discs 34 and 35.Flow guiding disc 33 is used to control the flow direction of charge air flow, the balance that balance wheel disc 34,35 is used to calibrate rotor 1.
Referring to Fig. 3, upper left cylinder block 9 is joined together to form left cylinder with lower-left cylinder block 11 by flange bolt 36, and upper right cylinder block 10 is joined together to form right cylinder with bottom right cylinder block 12 by flange bolt 36, and left and right sides cylinder is associated in together by bolt.Left and right sides therapeutic method to keep the adverse qi flowing downward cylinder body 11,12 is connected, fixes by foot bolt 37 with experiment stage body 3.
Referring to Fig. 4, sealing gland sleeve 38 links to each other with left and right sides cylinder block 9,10.
Referring to Fig. 5,39 processing of stator sealing gland tooth are coupled on sealing gland sleeve 38, and 40 processing of rotor sealing gland tooth are coupled on rotor 1.
When the simulation of high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration is worked with vibration-testing apparatus, by 6 runnings of switch board 32 control direct current generators, make rotor 1 can reach high rotational speed by change speed gear box 4, flexible connection 5, gear case 6 be can eliminate and the vibration and the moment of flexure of rotor 1 passed to, source of the gas is produced by air compressor 18, the pressurized air of certain pressure enters into gas-holder 20, pressure gas in the gas-holder 20 carries out the adjusting of air pressure by air valve 21, air communication is crossed gas piping 22 and is imported the cylinder middle part, the air communication that enters cylinder is crossed the flow guiding disc 33 control flow directions at rotor middle part, and steam flow flows to the left and right sides of cylinder, flows into the sealing gland section then.Rotor 1 supports by two lubricating bearings supports 2, bearing oil is stored in to be installed in the pinnacled fuel reserve tank 13, by fuel tap 14 control flow rate of lubricating oil, lubricating oil is derived by petroleum pipeline 15, and import to bearing bridge 2, the oil guiding hole of opening from bearing bridge 2 flows into the gap of bearing and rotor, forms oil film in rotor rotation process.Lubricating oil between bearing and rotor flows out by the oilhole that rushes down in the bearing, flows into the oil pump 17 from scavenge pipe 16-a, by the pressure of oil pump, flow back into the fuel reserve tank 13 from scavenge pipe 16-b.By regulating rotating speed, the pressure of air-flow and version, the size of sealing gland of rotor 1, make axle system produce the flow-induced vibration phenomenon.The vibration displacement that adopts current vortex sensor 23 and 24,25 and 26,29 and 30 to carry out bearing place, packing outlet and sealing gland inflow point rotor is respectively measured, and the vibration displacement that adopts a pair of laser displacement sensor 27,28 to carry out sealing gland section rotor is measured.Other adopts a current vortex sensor 31 to carry out the measurement of rotor key phase signals; Sensor signal connects the multi-channel data acquisition instrument through lead, the signal that records is collected by data acquisition system (DAS), and handled, analyze.
In one embodiment of the invention, drive the wide speed-governing dc motor of direct current generator 6 usefulness of rotor 1, change speed gear box 4 adopts three-step gear shift.DC motor speed-regulating switch board 32 carries out motor speed to be regulated, and maximum speed can reach 9000 rev/mins, utilizes high-performance processor to realize armature and energized circuit adjusting, and the program that formation is set by parameter realizes the control function that transmission control requires.The critical rotary speed of rotor 1 is about 60Hz, and root diameter is φ 100mm, total length 2000mm, and two bearings distance between center line 1800mm, the rotor left-right symmetric is processed by monobloc forging, and the rotor center suit has the air flow guiding dish 33 of streamline shape; At distance rotor center 400mm place, about be set with the wheel disc 34,35 of a φ 170mm, be used for carrying out the balance of rotor.Can the installation and processing sealing gland on the rotor, can carry out the sealing gland experiment of different structure form by the mode of exchanging rotor more.The support system of rotor adopts oval lubricating bearings, and bearing 100mm, oil clearance are 2 ‰, and the tile fragment cornerite is 150 degree, and the long-neck ratio is 0.8.Bearing is fixed by bearing bridge, and bearing bridge is fixed on the experiment stage body 3.Adopt 3 groups of φ 8mm current vortex sensors to measure the rotor bearing place respectively, the vibration displacement in sealing gland inflow point, exit.
Claims (3)
1. a high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration is simulated and vibration-testing apparatus, it is characterized in that comprising drive unit, bracing or strutting arrangement, rotor, cylinder, gas path device, signal measurement apparatus, rotor is supported and is fixed on the test-bed body by bracing or strutting arrangement, drive unit drives the rotor rotation, the sleeve that sealing gland can be installed is housed in the cylinder, processed on the rotor have a sealing gland, sleeve and epitrochanterian sealing gland are formed labyrinth air seal jointly, have air intake opening at the cylinder middle part, in cylinder, inject gases at high pressure through gas path device, signal measurement apparatus comprises many group sensors, at cylinder air inlet pair of sensors is housed, pair of sensors is equipped with at the cylinder outlet place, on the stator sealing gland tooth in the cylinder pair of sensors is housed, pair of sensors is housed on the bearing bridge, a sensor is housed on the motor side bearing bridge of drive unit, sensor signal connects the multi-channel data acquisition instrument through lead.
2. high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration simulation according to claim 1 and vibration-testing apparatus, it is characterized in that drive unit comprises direct current generator, timing control cabinet, gear case, flexible connection, rotor links to each other with flexible connection, the bearing bridge of support rotor is fixed on the experiment stage body, flexible connection connects together gear case and direct current generator, direct current generator is fixed on the experiment stage body, and direct current generator links to each other with the DC motor speed-regulating switch board; Bracing or strutting arrangement comprises test-bed body, bearing bridge, bearing and lubricant passage way, lube oil inlet pipe is connected with the upper guide oilhole of bearing bridge, and link to each other with fuel reserve tank through the oil circuit variable valve, fuel reserve tank links to each other with oil pump by scavenge pipe, and oil pump rushes down oilhole by scavenge pipe with the bottom of bearing bridge and links to each other; The cylinder that is installed in the rotor middle part is combined by upper left cylinder block, lower-left cylinder block, upper right cylinder block and the connection of bottom right cylinder block, and be fixed on the experiment stage body, upper left cylinder block links to each other with the sealing gland sleeve with upper right cylinder block, be processed with stator sealing gland tooth on the sealing gland sleeve, be processed with rotor sealing gland tooth on the rotor; Gas path device comprises draft tube, gas piping, air valve, gas-holder, air compressor, and the draft tube that enters the cylinder middle part links to each other with gas-holder through air valve, and gas-holder links to each other with air compressor through gas piping; Being used to measure a pair of current vortex sensor that sealing gland inflow point axle shakes is mutually 90 degree and becomes 45 degree to be spun on the cylinder middle part by screw thread respectively with level, be used to measure a pair of current vortex sensor that cylinder outlet place axle shakes and be mutually the processing support that 90 degree are fixed on the cylinder trailing edge, the rotor vibration displacement that a pair of sensor that is mutually 90 degree is used for the test bearing place is set on the bearing bridge, the phase place that a current vortex sensor is used to measure rotor is set on the bearing bridge of motor side, one group of laser sensor is mutually 90 degree and passes cylinder and be fixed between two stator sealing gland teeth, be used to measure the rotor vibration displacement at sealing gland tooth place, sensor signal connects the multi-channel data acquisition instrument through lead.
3. high-speed rotating machine flow-induced vibration simulation according to claim 2 and vibration-testing apparatus is characterized in that described rotor center is set with the air flow guiding dish with streamline shape, and the rotor both sides are respectively installed with a balance wheel disc.
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