CN1821455A - Anti-static, wet absorption and dyeable core-skin composite fiber and its preparing method - Google Patents
Anti-static, wet absorption and dyeable core-skin composite fiber and its preparing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The core-skin type composite fiber and its preparation process is disclosed. The core-skin type composite fiber comprises two kinds one polymer material, and includes a core layer of A-B block copolyether ester and a skin layer of melt spun fiber forming polymer in the core/skin ratio of 40/60 to 6-96. The fiber may be long or short fiber for woven fabric, knitted fabric and non-woven fabric. The fabric has excellent hydroscopicity, antistatic performance, dry and smooth hand feeling and high color fastness and is suitable for use in underwear, shirt, coat, lining, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of core-sheath compound fibre, especially do not contain the pure high polymer core-sheath compound fibre of carbon dust, CNT.
Background technology
Conduction and antistatic fibre are the polymer fiber materials of a kind of high-tech, high added value, civilian, industry with, decoration with and aspect such as military all have extremely important and demand widely.Conductive polymer and antistatic fibre mainly contain following several at present: (1) pure conduction high polymer fiber, (2) metal fibre, (3) Polymer Surface carburizing fiber, (4) carbon element conductive fiber, (5) blend conduction or antistatic fibre, (6) composite conducting fiber, and all there is following different shortcoming in these kinds of fibers:
| Kinds of fibers | Shortcoming |
| Pure conduction high polymer fiber | The cost height |
| Metal fibre | Be difficult for weaving, can not dye |
| Polymer Surface carburizing fiber | Cost height, complex process, fiber are black, can not dye |
| The carbon element conductive fiber | Cost height, modulus height, can not dye |
| Blend carbon black conductive fiber | Spinning and stretching poor operability, fiber are black, can not dye |
| Compound carbon black conductive fiber | Spinning process poor operability, cost height, fiber are black, can not dye |
Conductive polymer and antistatic fibre are many at present is conducting medium with carbon black and CNT, be that carrier constitutes blend as a kind of component with certain high polymer again, with polyester (PET, PBT etc.), polyamide (PA6, PA66 etc.) or polypropylene (PP) etc. is another component, adopts composite spinning method to be spun into antistatic composite fibres such as 3 point types, 4 point types, core-skin formula or " sandwich " formula.Though the fiber that this method is produced has conduction and antistatic property preferably, because carbon black (or so-called white carbon black) and CNT are easy to deposition in spinning process, blocking filter, filament spinning component, even stop up the melt pipeline, worsen the spinning process operability.And fiber is black, can't dye.Use so-called " white carbon black " as the conducting medium material even have,, but also can't avoid the bad trouble of above-mentioned spinning process performance in the hope of solution colouring problem.Patent is also arranged in order to solve the difficult problem of dyeing, proposed not with carbon black or CNT etc. as conducting medium.As: JP10-96118 releases the good copolyester material of a kind of hygroscopicity and uses the hygroscopicity core-sheath compound fibre that it is made.Its cortex can be used high polymer materials such as PET, PBT, PA6, PA66, and sandwich layer has used the hygroscopicity copolyesters.Sandwich layer hygroscopicity copolyesters is to be made of the hydrophilic compounds (A) and the unit (B) that can hinder crystallization.A+B=(55%～90%) PET is best, A/B=70/30～90/10 (mol).The A thing is with PEG the best (considering and the compatibility of PET and dispersed in PET) of M=4000～10000; The B thing is for reducing the crystallinity of A, having like configurations with A, but have the construction unit that can hinder crystallization.It can be dispersed among the A, also can with the use of A block, after copolymerization, can improve the hygroscopicity of copolymer greatly.The side group that has the construction unit that can hinder crystallization can be-CN ,-F
3CH
3,-Cl
3CH
3,-NO
2Deng, with-CN is best.But the core material chemical constitution complexity that this patent is used, cost height, synthesis technique difficulty.
Reported among the JP2-99612 that a kind of cortex is PET, sandwich layer is the sheath core fiber of the hygroscopicity resin of hydroscopicity under the normal temperature＞10%.But during heat treatment such as concise and dyeing,, fiber surface is burst apart and water-soluble outflow at fabric, lose antistatic property owing to easily expand in core resin suction back.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome several defectives that above-mentioned existing conductive polymer and antistatic fibre exist, thereby realized the pure high polymer material core-sheath compound fibre of a kind of not carbonaceous powder, CNT, had multiple functions such as good hygroscopicity, antistatic behaviour and stainability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to utilize a kind of block copolyether ester high polymer with good moisture pick-up properties, stainability energy and antistatic property to be sandwich layer, but the high polymer with other melt-spun is that cortex is spun into core-sheath compound fibre, thereby gives fiber corresponding every function.
Its mediopellis component is the fiber-forming polymer of fusable links spinning, is selected from wherein any such as polyethylene terephthalate, High Temperature High Pressure type cation dyeable polyester, boiling dyeing at normal pressure type cation dyeable polyester, boiling dyeing at normal pressure type disperse dye dyeable polyester, polypropylene, polyamide 6 or polyamide 66.
The sandwich layer component is an A-B block copolyether ester high polymer, is selected from wherein any such as polyethylene terephthalate-polyethylene glycol, polyethylene terephthalate-polytetramethylene glycol, polyethylene terephthalate-polypropylene glycol, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)-polyethylene glycol, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)-polytetramethylene glycol, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)-polypropylene glycol, polytrimethylene terephthalate-polyethylene glycol, polytrimethylene terephthalate-polytetramethylene glycol or polytrimethylene terephthalate-polypropylene glycol.
The manufacture method of the antistatic composite fibre of core-skin type is that above-mentioned cortex and core material are adopted composite spinning equipment, with 2 screw extruders difference fusion skins, sandwich layer high polymer, high polymer molten is transported to composite spining module extrudes after measuring pump metering, the melt strand cools off, oiling, reeling obtains core-sheath compound fibre after stretching, finalizing the design.
The antistatic composite fibre of core-skin type can adopt conventional low speed spinning-stretching (UDY-DT), high speed spinning-stretching (POY-DT), high speed spinning-false twist texturing (POY-DTY), spin-lead associating one-step method processing technologys such as (FDY) makes drafted fibre, also can adopt the POY-DTY processing technology to make false twist yarn, to meet the different needs.
The skin of this core-sheath compound fibre/core ratio (mass ratio) is in 94/6～60/40 scope.The sandwich layer too high levels, though moisture pick-up properties, stainability energy and antistatic property are excellent more, but the operability of spinning process worsens, fibre strength descends, and can not satisfy the weaving processing request; Sandwich layer content is low excessively, then can not get due moisture absorption, antistatic etc. functional.The specification of this composite fibre and physical and mechanical properties can satisfy the requirement of weaving processing fully.
The long and short fiber of fibre spinnable as woven fabric, knitted fabric or non-weaving cloth, has good hygroscopicity, dry and comfortable feel and high dyefastness.Be applicable to purposes such as high-purity stationary ring border Work Clothes such as underpants, shirt, woman style overcoat, coat, lining, curtain, wallpaper, bed sheet, quilt cover, filling cotton and electronics, medicine.
The specific embodiment
Below will the present invention is further described by embodiment, obviously the present invention not only is confined to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Core-sheath compound fibre is to utilize 2 screw rods, control temperature separately, respectively fusion constitute skin-core High Temperature High Pressure type cation dyeable polyester (CDP) (A), 2 kinds of raw materials of PBT-PEG copolyether ester (B), be transported to spinning manifold through separately melt pipeline, by measuring pump melt is sent into the precursor that obtains the sheath-core type composite fibre after the core-skin type composite spining module is extruded, cools off, oils, reeled in accordance with regulations quantitatively again, precursor drawn typing more just can obtain the finished product sheath core fiber.275 ℃ of spinning temperatures, winding speed can be adjusted in the 2200m/min scope, 80 ℃ of draft temperatures, 156 ℃ of setting temperatures, 2.5 times of draw ratios.The equilibrium moisture regain of this fiber is 2.5%, can dye any color.Table 1 be under standard temperature, damp condition before the stock-dye of different skin/cores (B/A) ratio with dyeing after the comparison of ratio resistance value.
The ratio resistance value of table 1 composite fibre (M Ω cm)
As seen, the ratio resistance value of core-sheath compound fibre can reach 10
7Ω cm, and with the increase of sandwich layer content, descend than resistance value.More excellent before the ratio resistance value of dyeing back fiber dyes, show that this core-skin fibre can stand the high-temperature process of dyeing and finishing processing, has durable antistatic.The specification of core-skin composite fiber is 75dtex/36f or 125dtex/36f etc., and fracture strength is greater than 3.0cN/dtex, and extension at break is 20%～25%, can satisfy the requirement of weaving processing fully.The core-sheath compound fibre fabric has good antistatic performance equally, and the initial friction electrostatic pressure of fabric only is 0.14kV, and the half-life is 3.4s, and the speed of electrostatic attenuation is very fast, and the only surplus 0.03kV of electrostatic pressure decays to 0 then very soon behind the 10s.
Embodiment 2:
Core-sheath compound fibre is to utilize 2 screw rods, control temperature separately, respectively fusion constitute skin-core boiling dyeing at normal pressure type cation dyeable polyester (ECDP) (B), 2 kinds of raw materials of PET-PEG copolyether ester (A), B/A=70/30 (mass ratio), be transported to spinning manifold through separately melt pipeline, by measuring pump melt is sent into quantitatively in accordance with regulations again that the core-skin type composite spining module is extruded, cools off, oiled, hot-rolling stretches, after reeling, obtained sheath-core type composite fibre finished silk.Adjust 80 ℃ of draft temperatures, 160 ℃ of setting temperatures, 2.7 times of draw ratios in 270 ℃ of the spinning temperatures, winding speed 1800m/min scope.The equilibrium moisture regain of this fiber is 2.6%, can dye any color, and the fiber that records under standard conditions is 10 than resistance value
7Ω cm.
Embodiment 3:
Core-sheath compound fibre is to utilize 2 screw rods, control temperature separately, respectively fusion constitute skin-core boiling dyeing at normal pressure type cation dyeable polyester (ECDP) (B), 2 kinds of raw materials of PBT-PEG copolyether ester (A), B/A=72/28 (mass ratio), be transported to spinning manifold through separately melt pipeline, by measuring pump melt is sent into the precursor that obtains the sheath-core type composite fibre after the core-skin type composite spining module is extruded, cools off, oils, reeled in accordance with regulations quantitatively again, precursor drawn typing more just can obtain the finished product sheath core fiber.270 ℃ of spinning temperatures, winding speed can be at 1200m/min, 80 ℃ of draft temperatures, 155 ℃ of setting temperatures, 3.2 times of draw ratios.This core-sheath compound fibre fabric has good antistatic performance equally, and the initial friction electrostatic pressure of fabric only is 0.14kV, and the half-life is 3.4s, and the speed of electrostatic attenuation is very fast, and the only surplus 0.03kV of electrostatic pressure decays to 0 then very soon behind the 10s.
Embodiment 4:
Core-sheath compound fibre is to utilize 2 screw rods, control temperature separately, fusion constitutes PP (B), 2 kinds of raw materials of PBT-PEG copolyether ester (A) of skin-core respectively, B/A=80/20, be transported to spinning manifold through separately melt pipeline, by measuring pump melt is sent into the precursor that obtains the sheath-core type composite fibre after the core-skin type composite spining module is extruded, cools off, oils, reeled in accordance with regulations quantitatively again, precursor drawn typing more just can obtain the finished product sheath core fiber.240 ℃ of spinning temperatures, winding speed 1200m/min, 60 ℃ of draft temperatures, 120 ℃ of setting temperatures, 4.1 times of draw ratios.Composite fibre intensity 3.30cN/dtex, extension at break 31%, dye-uptake 90.4% (DISPERSE DYES), water retention rate 10.8%, equilibrium moisture regain under the standard state is 1.59%, fabric has good antistatic performance equally, and the initial friction electrostatic pressure of fabric only is 0.93kV, and the half-life is long to be 21s.The optical microscope photograph of coloured fibre demonstrates on the sandwich layer and dyes, and cortex dyes on not, and range estimation is a kind of dim look.
Embodiment 5:
Core-sheath compound fibre is to utilize 2 screw rods, control temperature separately, fusion constitutes PA6 (B), 2 kinds of raw materials of PBT-PEG copolyether ester (A) of skin-core respectively, B/A=85/15, be transported to spinning manifold through separately melt pipeline, by measuring pump melt sent into the core-skin type composite spining module in accordance with regulations quantitatively again and extrude, adopted the FDY processing technology, as-spun fibre obtains the sheath-core type composite fibre through cooling off, oil, stretch and finalizing the design behind the coiling.260 ℃ of spinning temperatures, 65 ℃ of draft temperatures, 130 ℃ of setting temperatures, winding speed 2400m/min, 2.4 times of draw ratios.The intensity 3.90cN/dtex of composite fibre, extension at break 14%, dye-uptake 89% (ACID DYES), water retention rate 34%, the equilibrium moisture regain under the standard state are 4.78%, and the initial friction electrostatic pressure of fabric only is 1.79kV, and the half-life is long to be 5.35s.
Comparative example 1:
With ECDP is that raw material carries out the one pack system spinning, obtains conventional ECDP fiber, and the equilibrium moisture regain of this fiber is 0.52%, and the fiber that records under standard conditions is 2.6 * 10 than resistance value
10Ω cm.
Comparative example 2:
With the PBT-PEG copolyether ester is that raw material carries out the one pack system spinning, and the equilibrium moisture regain of the fiber that obtains is 6.42%, and the fiber that records under standard conditions is 4.01 * 10 than resistance value
6Ω cm, but the intensity of fiber has only 1.1cN/dtex, can not satisfy the weaving processing request.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of core-sheath compound fibre is characterized in that with the fine block copolyether ester high polymer of the one-tenth of fusable links spinning be sandwich layer, but is the core-sheath compound fibre that the cortex component is spun into the high polymer of other melt-spun; The skin of this core-sheath compound fibre/core mass ratio is in 94/6～60/40 scope;
Its sandwich layer component is an A-B block copolyether ester high polymer, is selected from any in polyethylene terephthalate-polyethylene glycol, polyethylene terephthalate-polytetramethylene glycol, polyethylene terephthalate-polypropylene glycol, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)-polyethylene glycol, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)-polytetramethylene glycol, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)-polypropylene glycol, polytrimethylene terephthalate-polyethylene glycol, polytrimethylene terephthalate-polytetramethylene glycol or the polytrimethylene terephthalate-polypropylene glycol;
Its cortex component is to be selected from any in polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, High Temperature High Pressure type cation dyeable polyester, boiling dyeing at normal pressure type cation dyeable polyester, boiling dyeing at normal pressure type disperse dye dyeable polyester, nylon 6 or the nylon 66.
2, the method for preparing the described core-sheath compound fibre of claim 1 is characterized in that adopting core-skin type composite spinning equipment, with 2 screw extruders difference fusion skins, sandwich layer high polymer, extrudes through composite spining module, obtains core-sheath compound fibre.
3, the core-sheath compound fibre for preparing according to claim 2 method that is processed into drafted fibre is selected from conventional low speed spinning-extension (UDY-DT), high speed spinning-extension (POY-DT), high speed spinning-false twist texturing method (POY-DTY) or spins-lead any in the associating one-step method (FDY); Perhaps adopt high speed spinning-false twist texturing method (POY-DTY) to be processed into false twist yarn.
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| CN100400725C CN100400725C (en) | 2008-07-09 |
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| CN101845688A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-09-29 | 厦门泓信特种纤维有限公司 | Bi-component sheath-core composite drafting fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| JPH04361616A (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1992-12-15 | Toray Ind Inc | Core-sheath type conjugate fiber excellent in hygroscopicity |
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Assignee: CTA Youth High-Tech Fiber Co., Ltd. Assignor: Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology Contract fulfillment period: 2008.10.23 to 2013.12.31 contract change Contract record no.: 2008990001186 Denomination of invention: Anti-static, wet absorption and dyeable core-skin composite fiber and its preparing method Granted publication date: 20080709 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 20081112 |
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