CN109943914A - A kind of softness moisture absorption crimped staple and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of softness moisture absorption crimped staple and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of soft moisture absorption crimped staple and its preparation method and application, and soft moisture absorption crimped staple includes following component according to mass content: polyamide 5X 10-50%, polyester 50-90%.The present invention obtains the soft moisture absorption crimped staple that can be improved spinning efficiency and yield rate with simple procedures at lower cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fibre technology more particularly to a kind of soft moisture absorption crimped staple and its preparation method and application,
Belong to textile technology field.
Background technique
Polyester fiber has many advantages, such as that stiffness, intensity are high, modulus is big, solvent resistance, heat resistance, fatigue durability, extensively
It applies in terms of civilian and industrial materials.But polyester fiber is as textile material that there are also disadvantages, is primarily due to polyester
Macromolecular chain arrangement is close, and crystallinity and the degree of orientation are high, and lack polar group on its strand, and the fiber for causing it to prepare is soft
Soft, hygroscopicity, dyeability are poor, easy to produce static electricity, the easy pilling of fabric, and polyester fiber wears no resistance.
Wherein, polyester staple fiber is widely used in mixed yarn, but is easy to produce electrostatic, fiber surface because its hydroscopicity is low
Smooth coherent is poor, and edge falls cotton in subsequent spinning process and center broken hole is serious, and carded sliver weight unevenness is big, noil after machine
Situations such as rate is high, and waste is big.Especially moisture absorption is poor, and accumulation of static electricity is easy in process, will lead to combing in spinning process
With drafting difficulty.
Currently in order to overcoming some disadvantages existing for polyester staple fiber, mainly polyester is carried out using physics and chemical method
It is modified.Chemical method: using copolymerization and surface treatment etc., change the chemical structure of original polyester macromolecule, to improve the property of fiber
Energy.Physical method: in the case where not changing polyester macromolecule chemical structure, it is fine that the morphosis by changing fiber reaches improvement
Tie up the purpose of performance, such as by composite spinning, co-blended spinning, anisotropic spinning or it is mixed it is fine, interweave, prepare easy dyeing, highly hygroscopic, anti-
Electrostatic, flexible fibre.But the operating procedure of above-mentioned physical method and chemical method is complicated, processing cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
It is above-mentioned difficult due to spinning caused by rigidity is big, hydroscopicity is low, coherent is poor due to polyester staple fiber in order to solve
The problem of, the present invention provides a kind of soft moisture absorption crimped staple and its preparation method and application, the softness moisture absorption crimped staple
The shortcomings that dimension overcomes existing staple fiber, improves the efficiency and yield rate of spinning.
The present invention provides a kind of soft moisture absorption crimped staple, includes following component according to mass content: polyamide 5X
10-50%, polyester 50-90%.
Wherein, polyamide 5X can be generated by 1,5- pentanediamine and binary acid polymerization, in order to reduce environmental pollution, 1,5- penta
Diamines and binary acid can be prepared by biological base by fermentation method or enzyme transforming process.
Wherein, the binary acid includes the aliphatic dibasic acid of C6-20, it may be assumed that and the carbon atom number of aliphatic dibasic acid >=
6, preferably 8-20, more preferably 10-16；Specifically, binary acid includes: adipic acid, decanedioic acid, eleven carbon diacids, ten
Two carbon dicarboxylic acids, tridecanyldicarboxylic acid, tetradecane diacid, pentadecane binary acid, 16-dicarboxylic acid, seventeen carbon diacids,
Octadecane diacid, maleic acid and Δ 9-1,18 octadecylene binary acid.
When preparing polyamide 5X, raw material is prepared except above-mentioned 1,5- pentanediamine and binary acid, it is also an option that
Comonomer and/or additive.
Wherein, the comonomer be selected from aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, ester ring type dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acid, ethylenediamine, oneself
Diamines, cyclohexanediamine, benzene dimethylamine, 6-aminocaprolc acid, 11- amino undecanoic acid, 12 amino dodecanoic acid, to amino methyl
One of benzoic acid, caprolactam and omega-lauric lactam are a variety of；
The additive is selected from antistatic agent, delustering agent, fire retardant, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbing agent, infrared ray absorbing
One of agent, crystallization nucleating agent, fluorescent whitening agent and antistatic agent are a variety of；Wherein, the additive amount of the additive accounts for life
Produce the 0.001-10% of raw material gross weight.
Using the staple fiber of above-mentioned composition, has the characteristics that soft, easy to moisture absorption, easy curling, therefore using of the invention short
Fiber spins, and can effectively improve the yield rate and efficiency of spinning.
Soft moisture absorption crimped staple of the invention can be two kinds of structures, that is, skin-core structure and parallel construction, wherein
Skin-core structure includes positive cored structure and core shift structure.
When soft moisture absorption crimped staple is skin-core structure, the polyamide is cortical material, and the polyester is sandwich layer
Material.Wherein, the content of cortical material is preferably 15-45%, further preferably 20-40%, and core material is preferably 55-
85%, further preferably 60-80%.
When soft moisture absorption crimped staple is parallel construction, the polyamide is the first material arranged side by side, and the polyester is
Second material arranged side by side.Wherein, the content of the first material arranged side by side is preferably 13-48%, and further preferably 18-43%, second simultaneously
The content of column material is preferably 52-87%, further preferably 57-82%.
In addition, the present invention is not specifically limited the cross-sectional shape of soft moisture absorption crimped staple, circle, three can be
Leaf, cross, triangle, three-pointed hollow star, I font, T-shaped, Y-shaped, pancake, pentagon, hexagon, octagonal,
Any one in I-shaped or dumb-bell shape.
Further, the polyamide 5X in the present invention is in polyamide 56, polyamide 510 or polyamide 512
It is a kind of；
The polyester is selected from polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, poly terephthalic acid fourth
One of diol ester, preferably polyethylene terephthalate.
The fiber number of soft moisture absorption crimped staple of the invention is 0.5-150dtex, preferably 0.8-120dtex, into one
Step is preferably 1.2-80dtex, is still more preferably 1.5-60dtex, much further preferably from 2.0-40dtex；
The length of the softness moisture absorption crimped staple is 5-150mm, preferably 20-130mm, further preferably 30-
100mm is still more preferably 40-70mm；
The breaking strength of the softness moisture absorption crimped staple is 2.0-7.0cN/dtex, preferably 2.5-6.5cN/
Dtex, further preferably 3.0-6.0cN/dtex are still more preferably 3.5-5.5cN/dtex；
The elongation at break of the softness moisture absorption crimped staple is 20-70%, preferably 25-65%, further preferably
It is still more preferably 35-50% for 30-55%；
The initial modulus of the softness moisture absorption crimped staple is 20-70cN/dtex, preferably 25-65cN/dtex, into
One step is preferably 30-60cN/dtex, is still more preferably 35-55cN/dtex；
The regain of the softness moisture absorption crimped staple is 1.0-3.0%, preferably 1.2-2.8%, further preferably
It is still more preferably 1.8-2.2% for 1.5-2.5%；
The crispation number of the softness moisture absorption crimped staple is 8-25/25mm, preferably 10-23/25mm, further
Preferably 12-20/25mm, be still more preferably 14-18/25mm；The crimp percent of the staple fiber is 8-50%, preferably
It is still more preferably 18-30% for 12-45%, further preferably 15-40%；
Softness moisture absorption crimped staple elastic recovery rate 85-100%, the preferably 87-98%, further preferably
89-96% is still more preferably 92-93%.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of any of the above-described soft moisture absorption crimped staple, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
1) polyamide 5X melt and polyester fondant are squeezed out after composite spining module converges using composite spinneret, it is cold
But, spun filament is generated；
2) spun filament is post-processed, obtains the soft moisture absorption crimped staple；
Wherein, the post-processing includes stretch processing, and the temperature of the stretch processing is 50-150 DEG C, the stretch processing
At least three-level stretches, and level-one stretches the 70-90% of the total draw ratio of general times Zhan.
In step 1), polyamide 5X melt and polyester fondant converge in composite spining module to be specifically referred to polyamide 5X
Converged by respective melt pipe in composite spining module with polyester fondant, and can be according to the knot of pre-prepared staple fiber
Structure select composite spinneret type, such as pre-prepared staple fiber be skin-core structure when, can choose and sprayed using core-sheath
Filament plate；When pre-prepared staple fiber is parallel construction, it can choose and use composite spinneret arranged side by side.
In addition, polyamide 5X melt in step 1) can by above-mentioned 1,5- pentanediamine and binary acid direct polymerization,
Hot melt, obtains polyamide 5X melt；Polyamide 5X resin can also be heated to molten condition by screw rod, obtain polyamide 5X
Melt.When directly hot melt prepares polyamide 5X melt to selection polyamide 5X resin, polyamide 5X resin is in 96wt% sulfuric acid
Relative viscosity is 2.0-4.0, preferably 2.4-3.5, more preferably 2.7-3.0；The moisture content of polyamide 5X resin is 50-
1000ppm, preferably 200-800ppm, more preferably 300-700ppm, further preferably 400-600ppm.
Wherein, the method for polyamide 5X melt being prepared by 1,5- pentanediamine and binary acid direct polymerization are as follows: in nitrogen item
Under part, 1,5- pentanediamine, dicarboxylic acids and water are uniformly mixed, the salting liquid of polyamide 5X is made；Wherein, 1,5- pentanediamine and
The molar ratio of dicarboxylic acids is (1-1.2): 1；Then the salting liquid of polyamide 5X is heated, pressure rises to 0.3- in reaction system
2.5Mpa, exhaust, pressure maintaining, then being depressured makes pressure in reaction system be down to gauge pressure 0-0.3MPa, is evacuated to vacuum degree -0.08
~-0.01Mpa obtains polyamide 5X melt；In the reaction process, the temperature of reaction system is 230-275 at the end of pressure maintaining
DEG C, the temperature of reaction system is 245-285 DEG C after decompression, and the temperature after vacuumizing is 250-280 DEG C.
In addition, based on the above method, the preparation of polyamide 5X can also be completed by addition monomer and additive,
The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1,5- pentanediamine, dicarboxylic acids, caprolactam and water is uniformly mixed under condition of nitrogen gas, be made polyamide 5X
Salting liquid, while fluorescent whitening agent is added；Wherein, the molar ratio of 1,5- pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids is (1-1.08): 1,
Middle fluorescent brightener levels account for the 0.3wt% of reactant gross weight, and caprolactam content accounts for the 3wt% of reactant gross weight；Then will
The salting liquid of polyamide 5X heats, and pressure rises to 0.25-2.3Mpa in reaction system, is vented, pressure maintaining, then is depressured and makes reaction system
Interior pressure is down to gauge pressure 0-0.35MPa, is evacuated to vacuum degree -0.08~-0.01Mpa, obtains polyamide 5X melt；It is anti-at this
During answering, the temperature of reaction system is 232-277 DEG C at the end of pressure maintaining, and the temperature of reaction system is 248- after decompression
283 DEG C, the temperature after vacuumizing is 253-285 DEG C.
Likewise, polyester fondant in step 1) can by the way that terephthalic acid (TPA) and dihydric alcohol heat of polymerization are melted into,
Middle dihydric alcohol is selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and butanediol, and what is be prepared respectively accordingly gathers to benzene first naphthalate, gathers
To two acid propylene glycol ester of benzene first and gather to benzene first succinate adipate；Directly polyester resin can also be heated to melting by screw rod
Melt state, obtains polyester fondant.When directly hot melt prepares polyester fondant to selection polyester resin, polyester inherent viscosity 0.6-
1.1dL/g, preferably 0.7-1.0dL/g, more preferably 0.8-0.9dL/g；The moisture content of polyester resin is 20-150ppm, excellent
It is selected as 30-100ppm, more preferably 40-80ppm, further preferably 50-60ppm.
When being extruded into polyamide 5X melt and polyester fondant thread using composite spinneret, in order to be prepared into the present invention
There is the characteristic of soft, easy to moisture absorption and easy curling to staple fiber, further the parameter of composite spinneret can be defined.
Wherein, the hole count of the composite spinneret is 300-4000f, preferably 600-1500f；The spinneret orifice of the composite spinneret
Aperture is 0.1-2mm, preferably 0.2-1mm；, the spinneret draft ratio of the composite spinneret is 50-300, preferably 80-
150。
After the extrusion, it needs to cool down the melt for being extruded into silk, to generate spun filament.Preparation method of the invention
The type of cooling is defined, it is preferred to use the cooling is cooled down by circular blow wind, and the wind-warm syndrome of the circular blow wind is 15-
The wind speed of 32 DEG C, preferably 18-25 DEG C, the circular blow wind is
0.3-1.5m/s, preferably 0.6-1.2m/s.
It sequentially include boundling processing, stretch processing, curling processing, relaxation heat to the post-processing of the spun filament in step 2)
Setting treatment, cutoff process and packing processing.Wherein, stretch processing, curling processing and relaxation heat setting processing are extremely heavy
It wants.
Stretch processing specifically refers to stretch spun filament, it is made to reach target length.The present invention is in preparation staple fiber
When, three-level is at least to the stretch processing of spun filament and is stretched, i.e., is at least stretched three times.That is, or level Four stretching,
Pyatyi stretches or six grades of stretchings.In stretch processing, the temperature of stretch processing is 50-150 DEG C, and total draw ratios at different levels are 2-
4 times, that is to say, that when certain level-one stretches, when the length after stretching is 2-4 times of the length before stretching, this can be stopped
Grade, which stretches, carries out next stage stretching.In addition to this, the 70-90% of the total draw ratio of level-one draw ratio Zhan, remaining stretching at different levels
The total draw ratio of multiple summation Zhan 10-30%, that is to say, that in stretch processing, level-one stretch length varying value be
The main composition of the total changing value of the length of stretch processing.
In addition, the temperature of curling processing is 50-130 DEG C, the temperature of the relaxation heat setting is 60-180 DEG C.
The present invention also provides a kind of application of any of the above-described soft moisture absorption crimped staple in textile yarn.
Specifically, soft moisture absorption crimped staple spun yarn of the invention can be utilized, the yarn includes Pure Yarn
Or mixed yarn, in the mixed yarn comprising cotton, fiber crops, silk, hair, cellulose fibre, acid fiber by polylactic, viscose rayon, polyester fiber,
One of polyacrylonitrile fibre, polyvinyl chloride fibre, pbo fiber, PPS fiber etc. are a variety of.
Implementation of the invention at least has following advantage:
1, staple fiber of the invention has soft right, easy to moisture absorption, three-dimensional crimp characteristic, therefore overcomes existing staple fiber
Prominent disadvantage；
2, staple fiber of the invention can be used in spin operation in, and can effectively improve spinning operation efficiency and
Yield rate；
3, the preparation method of staple fiber of the invention is simple to operation, assists without large scale equipment, and production cost is low, is suitable for
Industrialized production；
4, the polyamide 5X resin of selection of the invention is made of bioanalysis, is green material, independent of petroleum resources
And serious pollution is not caused to environment, and can reduce the discharge amount of carbon, facilitate the generation for reducing greenhouse effects.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is that a part of the invention is implemented
Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creativeness
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of labour.
Embodiment 1
The soft moisture absorption crimped staple of the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
1) 56 melt of polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate melt are passed through into respective melt pipe in composite spinning
Component converges, and is squeezed out by core shift composite spinneret, cooling, forms spun filament；
Wherein, core-skin component ratio is accurately adjusted by metering pump, and 56 content of cortex polyamide is 25wt%, and poly- pair of sandwich layer
Ethylene terephthalate content is 75wt%；
The hole count of core shift composite spinneret is 800f, and the aperture of spinneret orifice is 0.25mm, and spinneret draft ratio 80 is cooling
Mode is ring wind quenching, and circular blow wind-warm syndrome is 24 DEG C, and circular blow wind speed is 0.8m/s.
2) above-mentioned spun filament is post-processed, obtains soft moisture absorption crimped staple；
Post-processing includes the following steps: spun filament carrying out boundling processing, stretch processing, curling processing, relaxation heat setting
Processing, cutoff process and packing processing.Wherein, stretch processing is three-level stretching, and total draw ratios at different levels are 2.5 times, and level-one is drawn
The ratio for stretching the total draw ratio of multiple Zhan is 80%, remaining (secondary drawing is stretched with three-level) multiple summation Zhan at different levels that stretch always is drawn
The ratio for stretching multiple is 20%, and draft temperature is 70 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 80 DEG C, and temperature when relaxation heat setting is 100 DEG C.
In the present embodiment 56 melt of polyamide the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 56 resin of polyamide in vacuum drum drying machine do
Dry, drying temperature is 120 DEG C, drying time 10h, is then heated to molten condition, forms 56 melt of polyamide；Polyamide 56
The relative viscosity of 96% sulfuric acid of resin is 2.6, moisture content 300ppm.
Polyethylene terephthalate melt the preparation method comprises the following steps: by polyethylene terephthalate in the present embodiment
Resin is dry in continuous heated-air drying tower, and drying temperature is 140 DEG C, and drying time is for 24 hours, to be then heated to molten condition,
Form polyethylene terephthalate melt；Polyethylene terephthalate resin inherent viscosity is 0.69dL/g, aqueous
Rate is 30ppm.
Wherein, the test method of relative viscosity is as follows:
Pass through Ubbelohde viscometer sulphate method: polyamide 5X slice after precise is dry or its short fine sample 0.25 ±
0.0002g is added the 50mL concentrated sulfuric acid (96%) dissolution, concentrated sulfuric acid flow time t is measured and recorded in 25 DEG C of constant temperature water baths0
With polyamide sample solution flow time t.
Viscosity number calculation formula: relative viscosity=t/t0
T-solution flow time；
t0- solvent flow time.
The test method of inherent viscosity is as follows:
Solvent: phenol tetrachloroethane (1:1), by 1,490 1993 fiber polyester chip analysis method of GB/T.Characteristic is viscous
Degree=((1+1.4 (t/t0- 1)) 0.5-1)/0.7c (unit dL/g), t is the delivery time of solution, t0For solvent outflow when
Between, c is solution concentration.
Embodiment 2
The soft moisture absorption crimped staple of the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
1) 56 melt of polyamide and polypropylene terephthalate melt are passed through into respective melt pipe in composite spinning
Component converges, and is squeezed out by composite spinneret arranged side by side, cooling, forms spun filament；
Wherein, component ratio arranged side by side is accurately adjusted by metering pump, and the first 56 content of component polyamide arranged side by side is 50wt%,
Second component polypropylene terephthalate content arranged side by side is 50wt%；
The hole count of composite spinneret arranged side by side is 1000f, and the aperture of spinneret orifice is 0.3mm, and spinneret draft ratio 100 is cold
But mode is ring wind quenching, and circular blow wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and circular blow wind speed is 0.9m/s.
2) above-mentioned spun filament is post-processed, obtains soft moisture absorption crimped staple；
Post-processing includes the following steps: spun filament carrying out boundling processing, stretch processing, curling processing, relaxation heat setting
Processing, cutoff process and packing processing.Wherein, stretch processing is three-level stretching, and total draw ratios at different levels are 3.0 times, and level-one is drawn
The ratio for stretching the total draw ratio of multiple Zhan is 83%, remaining (secondary drawing is stretched with three-level) multiple summation Zhan at different levels that stretch always is drawn
The ratio for stretching multiple is 17%, and draft temperature is 70 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 80 DEG C, and temperature when relaxation heat setting is 100 DEG C.
In the present embodiment 56 melt of polyamide the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 56 resin of polyamide in vacuum drum drying machine do
Dry, drying temperature is 110 DEG C, drying time 15h, is then heated to molten condition, forms 56 melt of polyamide；Polyamide 56
The relative viscosity of 96% sulfuric acid of resin is 2.6, moisture content 400ppm.
Polypropylene terephthalate melt the preparation method comprises the following steps: by polypropylene terephthalate in the present embodiment
Resin is dry in continuous heated-air drying tower, and drying temperature is 110 DEG C, and drying time 22h is then heated to molten condition,
Form polypropylene terephthalate melt；Polypropylene terephthalate resin inherent viscosity is 1.0dL/g, moisture content
For 60ppm.
Wherein, the test method of relative viscosity and inherent viscosity is as described in Example 1.
Embodiment 3
The soft moisture absorption crimped staple of the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
1) 56 melt of polyamide and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) melt are passed through into respective melt pipe in composite spinning
Component converges, and is squeezed out by composite spinneret arranged side by side, cooling, forms spun filament；
Wherein, component ratio arranged side by side is accurately adjusted by metering pump, and the first 56 content of component polyamide arranged side by side is 40wt%,
Second component polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) content arranged side by side is 60wt%；
The hole count of composite spinneret arranged side by side is 700f, and the aperture of spinneret orifice is 0.28mm, and spinneret draft ratio 80 is cooling
Mode is ring wind quenching, and circular blow wind-warm syndrome is 23 DEG C, and circular blow wind speed is 0.8m/s.
2) above-mentioned spun filament is post-processed, obtains soft moisture absorption crimped staple；
Post-processing includes the following steps: spun filament carrying out boundling processing, stretch processing, curling processing, relaxation heat setting
Processing, cutoff process and packing processing.Wherein, stretch processing is three-level stretching, and total draw ratios at different levels are 2.4 times, and level-one is drawn
The ratio for stretching the total draw ratio of multiple Zhan is 86%, remaining (secondary drawing is stretched with three-level) multiple summation Zhan at different levels that stretch always is drawn
The ratio for stretching multiple is 14%, and draft temperature is 80 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 90 DEG C, and temperature when relaxation heat setting is 110 DEG C.
In the present embodiment 56 melt of polyamide the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 56 resin of polyamide in vacuum drum drying machine do
Dry, drying temperature is 90 DEG C, drying time 20h, is then heated to molten condition, forms 56 melt of polyamide；Polyamide 56
The relative viscosity of 96% sulfuric acid of resin is 2.8, moisture content 400ppm.
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) melt the preparation method comprises the following steps: by polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) in the present embodiment
Resin is dry in continuous heated-air drying tower, and drying temperature is 115 DEG C, and drying time 15h is then heated to molten condition,
Form polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) melt；Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) resin inherent viscosity is 0.7dL/g, moisture content
For 50ppm.
Wherein, the test method of relative viscosity and inherent viscosity is as described in Example 1.
Embodiment 4
The soft moisture absorption crimped staple of the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
1) 56 melt of polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate melt are passed through into respective melt pipe in composite spinning
Component converges, and is squeezed out by core-sheath spinneret, cooling, forms spun filament；
Wherein, core-skin component ratio is accurately adjusted by metering pump, and 56 content of cortex polyamide is 40wt%, and poly- pair of sandwich layer
Ethylene terephthalate content is 60wt%；
The hole count of core-sheath spinneret is 900f, and the aperture of spinneret orifice is 0.22mm, and spinneret draft ratio 70 is cooling
Mode is ring wind quenching, and circular blow wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and circular blow wind speed is 1.0m/s.
2) above-mentioned spun filament is post-processed, obtains soft moisture absorption crimped staple；
Post-processing includes the following steps: spun filament carrying out boundling processing, stretch processing, curling processing, relaxation heat setting
Processing, cutoff process and packing processing.Wherein, stretch processing is three-level stretching, and total draw ratios at different levels are 2.7 times, and level-one is drawn
The ratio for stretching the total draw ratio of multiple Zhan is 82%, remaining (secondary drawing is stretched with three-level) multiple summation Zhan at different levels that stretch always is drawn
The ratio for stretching multiple is 18%, and draft temperature is 85 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 95 DEG C, and temperature when relaxation heat setting is 105 DEG C.
In the present embodiment 56 melt of polyamide the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 56 resin of polyamide in vacuum drum drying machine do
Dry, drying temperature is 90 DEG C, drying time 25h, is then heated to molten condition, forms 56 melt of polyamide；Polyamide 56
The relative viscosity of 96% sulfuric acid of resin is 2.6, moisture content 600ppm.
Polyethylene terephthalate melt the preparation method comprises the following steps: by polyethylene terephthalate in the present embodiment
Resin is dry in continuous heated-air drying tower, and drying temperature is 160 DEG C, and drying time 10h is then heated to molten condition,
Form polyethylene terephthalate melt；Polyethylene terephthalate resin inherent viscosity is 0.68dL/g, aqueous
Rate is 70ppm.
Wherein, the test method of relative viscosity and inherent viscosity is as described in Example 1.
Embodiment 5
The soft moisture absorption crimped staple of the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
1) 510 melt of polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate melt are passed through into respective melt pipe in composite spinning
Component converges, and is squeezed out by eccentric composite spinneret, cooling, forms spun filament；
Wherein, core-skin component ratio is accurately adjusted by metering pump, and 510 content of cortex polyamide is 30wt%, and sandwich layer is poly-
Ethylene glycol terephthalate content is 70wt%；
The hole count of core-sheath spinneret is 600f, and the aperture of spinneret orifice is 0.25mm, and spinneret draft ratio 80 is cooling
Mode is ring wind quenching, and circular blow wind-warm syndrome is 24 DEG C, and circular blow wind speed is 0.8m/s.
2) above-mentioned spun filament is post-processed, obtains soft moisture absorption crimped staple；
Post-processing includes the following steps: spun filament carrying out boundling processing, stretch processing, curling processing, relaxation heat setting
Processing, cutoff process and packing processing.Wherein, stretch processing is three-level stretching, and total draw ratios at different levels are 2.8 times, and level-one is drawn
The ratio for stretching the total draw ratio of multiple Zhan is 88%, remaining (secondary drawing is stretched with three-level) multiple summation Zhan at different levels that stretch always is drawn
The ratio for stretching multiple is 12%, and draft temperature is 80 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 90 DEG C, and temperature when relaxation heat setting is 110 DEG C.
510 melt of polyamide the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 510 resin of polyamide in vacuum drum drying machine in the present embodiment
Dry, drying temperature is 110 DEG C, drying time 15h, is then heated to molten condition, forms 510 melt of polyamide；Polyamides
The relative viscosity of 510 resin of amine, 96% sulfuric acid is 2.8, moisture content 400ppm.
Polyethylene terephthalate melt the preparation method comprises the following steps: by polyethylene terephthalate in the present embodiment
Resin is dry in continuous heated-air drying tower, and drying temperature is 120 DEG C, and drying time 15h is then heated to molten condition,
Form polyethylene terephthalate melt；Polyethylene terephthalate resin inherent viscosity is 1.0dL/g, moisture content
For 60ppm.
Wherein, the test method of relative viscosity and inherent viscosity is as described in Example 1.
Embodiment 6
The soft moisture absorption crimped staple of the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
1) 512 melt of polyamide and polypropylene terephthalate melt are passed through into respective melt pipe in composite spinning
Component converges, and is squeezed out by composite spinneret arranged side by side, cooling, forms spun filament；
Wherein, component ratio arranged side by side is accurately adjusted by metering pump, and the first 512 content of component polyamide arranged side by side is
50wt%, the second component polypropylene terephthalate content arranged side by side are 50wt%；
The hole count of composite spinneret arranged side by side is 1100f, and the aperture of spinneret orifice is 0.3mm, and spinneret draft ratio 100 is cold
But mode is ring wind quenching, and circular blow wind-warm syndrome is 22 DEG C, and circular blow wind speed is 1.2m/s.
2) above-mentioned spun filament is post-processed, obtains soft moisture absorption crimped staple；
Post-processing includes the following steps: spun filament carrying out boundling processing, stretch processing, curling processing, relaxation heat setting
Processing, cutoff process and packing processing.Wherein, stretch processing is three-level stretching, and total draw ratios at different levels are 2.3 times, and level-one is drawn
The ratio for stretching the total draw ratio of multiple Zhan is 83%, remaining (secondary drawing is stretched with three-level) multiple summation Zhan at different levels that stretch always is drawn
The ratio for stretching multiple is 17%, and draft temperature is 75 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 90 DEG C, and temperature when relaxation heat setting is 105 DEG C.
512 melt of polyamide the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 512 resin of polyamide in vacuum drum drying machine in the present embodiment
Dry, drying temperature is 115 DEG C, drying time 15h, is then heated to molten condition, forms 512 melt of polyamide；Polyamides
The relative viscosity of 512 resin of amine, 96% sulfuric acid is 2.6, moisture content 400ppm.
Polypropylene terephthalate melt the preparation method comprises the following steps: by polypropylene terephthalate in the present embodiment
Resin is dry in continuous heated-air drying tower, and drying temperature is 140 DEG C, and drying time 15h is then heated to molten condition,
Form polypropylene terephthalate melt；Polypropylene terephthalate resin inherent viscosity is 0.7dL/g, moisture content
For 60ppm.
Wherein, the test method of relative viscosity and inherent viscosity is as described in Example 1.
Comparative example
The staple fiber of comparative example the preparation method is as follows:
1) polyethylene terephthalate melt is entered into one pack system filament spinning component by melt pipe, passes through one pack system
Spinneret squeezes out, cooling, forms spun filament；
The hole count of one pack system spinneret is 1100f, and the aperture of spinneret orifice is 0.3mm, and spinneret draft ratio 100 is cooling
Mode is ring wind quenching, and circular blow wind-warm syndrome is 22 DEG C, and circular blow wind speed is 1.2m/s.
2) above-mentioned spun filament is post-processed, obtains fiber；
Post-processing includes the following steps: spun filament carrying out boundling processing, stretch processing, curling processing, relaxation heat setting
Processing, cutoff process and packing processing.Wherein, stretch processing is three-level stretching, and total draw ratios at different levels are 3.0 times, and level-one is drawn
The ratio for stretching the total draw ratio of multiple Zhan is 80%, remaining (secondary drawing is stretched with three-level) multiple summation Zhan at different levels that stretch always is drawn
The ratio for stretching multiple is 20%, and draft temperature is 80 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 90 DEG C, and temperature when relaxation heat setting is 120 DEG C.
Polyethylene terephthalate melt the preparation method comprises the following steps: by polyethylene terephthalate in the present embodiment
Resin is dry in continuous heated-air drying tower, and drying temperature is 140 DEG C, and drying time 25h is then heated to molten condition,
Form polyethylene terephthalate melt；Polypropylene terephthalate resin inherent viscosity is 0.65dL/g, aqueous
Rate is 60ppm.
Wherein, the test method of inherent viscosity is as described in Example 1.
Test example
Fiber in the staple fiber and comparative example of above-described embodiment 1-6 is tested as follows, test result is shown in Table 1.
1 breaking strength, elongation at break, modulus:
It is measured according to GB/T 14337.
2 regains:
The measuring method of regain are as follows: the staple fiber after washing is put into baking oven in a loose state and is dried, will dried
Fiber sample after dry, which is placed in normal atmosphere as defined in GB/T6529, debugs balance, damping 2h.Sample after washing damping,
Regain measurement is carried out, regain measuring method is executed according to GB/T6503, and wherein the drying temperature of baking oven is 105 DEG C, drying
Time is 1h.
3 crispation numbers, crimp percent:
It is executed according to GB/T 14338.
4) elastic recovery rate:
Electronic mono-fiber strength machine, clamp distance 20mm, speed 20mm/min, fixed elongation are 5%, 10%, 15%.
Table 1
As shown in Table 1: the soft of the staple fiber that the present invention is prepared, hygroscopicity and three-dimensional crimp are significantly mentioned
Height, therefore staple fiber of the invention is suitable for spinning, can effectively improve spinning efficiency and yield rate.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of softness moisture absorption crimped staple, which is characterized in that according to mass content include following component: polyamide 5X 10-
50%, polyester 50-90%.
2. softness moisture absorption crimped staple according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the softness moisture absorption crimped staple
For skin-core structure, the polyamide is cortical material, and the polyester is core material.
3. softness moisture absorption crimped staple according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the softness moisture absorption crimped staple
For parallel construction, the polyamide is the first material arranged side by side, and the polyester is the second material arranged side by side.
4. according to any soft moisture absorption crimped staple of Claims 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the polyamide 5X choosing
From one of polyamide 56, polyamide 510 or polyamide 512；
The polyester is selected from polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate
One of ester.
5. softness moisture absorption crimped staple according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the softness moisture absorption volume
Bent staple fiber fiber number is 0.5-150dtex, length 5-150nm.
6. softness moisture absorption crimped staple according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the softness moisture absorption volume
Bent staple fiber breaking strength is 2-7cN/dex, elongation at break 20-70%.
7. softness moisture absorption crimped staple according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the softness moisture absorption volume
Bent staple fiber initial modulus is 20-70cN/dex, regain 1-3%.
8. softness moisture absorption crimped staple according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the softness moisture absorption volume
Bent staple fiber curling number is 8-25/25mm, elastic recovery rate 85-100%.
9. a kind of preparation method of soft moisture absorption crimped staple a method as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
1) polyamide 5X melt and polyester fondant are squeezed out after composite spining module converges using composite spinneret, it is cooling, it is raw
At spun filament；
2) spun filament is post-processed, obtains the soft moisture absorption crimped staple；
Wherein, the post-processing includes stretch processing, and the temperature of the stretch processing is 50-150 DEG C, and the stretch processing is at least
For three-level stretching, level-one stretches the 70-90% of the total draw ratio of general times Zhan.
10. the preparation method of softness moisture absorption crimped staple according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the post-processing
It further include curling processing and relaxation heat setting processing, the temperature of the curling processing is 50-130 DEG C, the relaxation heat setting
Temperature is 60-180 DEG C.
11. the preparation method of softness moisture absorption crimped staple according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the compound spray
The hole count of filament plate is 300-4000f, and the aperture of spinneret orifice is 0.1-2mm, and the draw ratio of spinning head is 50-300；
Described to be cooled to ring wind quenching, the temperature of the circular blow wind is 15-32 DEG C, and the wind speed of the circular blow wind is 0.3-
1.5m/s。
12. application of any soft moisture absorption crimped staple of claim 1-8 in textile yarn.
13. application according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the yarn includes Pure Yarn or mixed yarn, described mixed
Include cotton in spinning, fiber crops, silk, hair, cellulose fibre, acid fiber by polylactic, viscose rayon, polyester fiber, polyacrylonitrile fibre, gather
One of vinyl chloride fibers, pbo fiber, PPS fiber are a variety of.
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| CN110528115A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江恒澜科技有限公司 | A kind of Bicomponent side-by-side curling composite fibre and preparation method thereof |
| CN111197186A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-26 | 江苏江南高纤股份有限公司 | Kangli composite short fiber and its preparation method |
| CN111519274A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-08-11 | 浙江新维狮合纤股份有限公司 | Production process of superfine fiber with super-soft bi-component sheath-core structure and superfine fiber thereof |
| CN115522294A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-27 | 江苏集萃先进纤维材料研究所有限公司 | Preparation method of bio-based antibacterial fancy yarn |
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| CN111519274B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2023-01-06 | 浙江新维狮合纤股份有限公司 | Production process of superfine fiber with super-soft bi-component sheath-core structure and superfine fiber thereof |
| CN111197186A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-26 | 江苏江南高纤股份有限公司 | Kangli composite short fiber and its preparation method |
| CN115522294A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-27 | 江苏集萃先进纤维材料研究所有限公司 | Preparation method of bio-based antibacterial fancy yarn |
| CN115522294B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2024-02-27 | 江苏集萃先进纤维材料研究所有限公司 | Preparation method of bio-based antibacterial fancy yarn |
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