CN1816839A - 具有占空比控制的电致发光显示设备 - Google Patents

具有占空比控制的电致发光显示设备 Download PDF

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CN1816839A
CN1816839A CNA2004800193117A CN200480019311A CN1816839A CN 1816839 A CN1816839 A CN 1816839A CN A2004800193117 A CNA2004800193117 A CN A2004800193117A CN 200480019311 A CN200480019311 A CN 200480019311A CN 1816839 A CN1816839 A CN 1816839A
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display
brightness level
frame period
total brightness
percent
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J·J·L·霍彭布鲁沃斯
R·凡沃登伯格
N·C·凡德瓦尔特
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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    • G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources

Abstract

显示设备包括显示板(2)，该显示板(2)具有多个带有发射显示元件(11)的显示像素(4)。该显示设备还包括占空比控制装置(15，T3)，用于根据要在所述显示板上显示的图像的总亮度级来改变在其期间显示像素(4)发光的帧周期的百分率。为了改变该占空比，在驱动晶体管(T2)和每个像素(4)的发光元件(11)之间连接例如功率晶体管(T3)的开关，在一行中的每个像素可被连接至单个占空比选择线(15)。

Description

具有占空比控制的电致发光显示设备
本发明涉及一种包括显示板的显示设备、一种集成电路以及一种用于控制这种显示器的方法，其中所述显示板具有多个带有发射(emissive)显示元件的显示像素。
尽管新的显示技术快速出现，但是人们仍旧习惯于例如对于传统的电视机或监视器所采用的阴极射线管(CRT)显示器。人们熟悉并欣赏CRT显示器的效果之一为“闪光效果(sparkling effect)”或“峰值白色”，即对于在暗(dim)图像中的亮区而言更亮的效果。在CRT显示器中，只要显示器的一部分显示亮区，则通过电子枪提供更多射束电流(并且因此更亮)就出现此效果。实际上如果电子枪提供大的亮区，则该电子枪的射束电流必须受到限制，从而导致亮度的降低。然而，只要在暗场景中小区域是亮的，就没有必要限制射束电流。
采用诸如放置在基板上面或上方的发射显示电致发光元件之类的显示元件的显示装置正在变得日益普及。这些发光元件可以是发光二极管(LED)，其被并入或形成以行和列的矩阵排列的显示像素。如果通过在这种LED中使用的材料来驱动电流，则这些材料适于产生光，这些材料例如是特殊的高分子(PLED)或小分子有机(SMOLED)的材料。因此LED必须被设置为使电流能够流过这些发光材料。
典型的无源和有源驱动矩阵显示器是有区别的。对于有源矩阵PLED(AMPLED)显示器而言，显示像素本身包括诸如一个或多个晶体管之类的有源电路。该有源电路产生通过PLED材料驱动的电流以产生或者发射光。这种显示器每次被行寻址，并且发光元件在帧周期的剩余部分(remainder)期间发光。不利之处在于新的显示技术缺少CRT显示器的闪光效果。
因此本发明的目的在于提供一种显示设备，该显示设备包括具有适于产生闪光效果的发射显示元件的多个显示像素。本发明由独立权利要求来限定。从属权利要求限定了有利的实施例。
所述目的是通过提供一种包括显示板和占空比控制装置的显示设备来实现的，所述显示板具有多个带有发射显示元件的显示像素，所述占空比控制装置用于根据要在所述显示板上显示的图像的总亮度级(brightness level)来改变在其期间所述显示像素发光的帧周期的百分率(fraction)。通过确定每个帧周期的总亮度级来检测暗帧的出现，结果是通过提高在其期间显示像素发光的帧周期的百分率可以增加在暗帧中的显示像素的有效亮度。当总亮度级高时，通过降低在其期间显示像素发光的帧周期的百分率可以使显示像素的有效亮度变暗。因此对于暗帧可以获得闪光效果。此外，对于具有高的总亮度级的图像而言降低了显示设备的功率消耗。而且，可用灰度级的范围未受到改变上面指出的百分率的影响。
在本发明的一个实施例中，显示设备包括帧存储器，其用于存储输入信号，显示所述图像，在帧周期期间使在该帧周期期间的图像的总亮度级能够得到确定。该存储器提供了确定每帧或每组帧的总亮度级的可能性。在将这些信号提供给显示板之前，帧存储器允许将输入信号存储一个帧周期。在该帧周期期间可以确定对应于该帧的图像的总亮度级。基于该总亮度级，可以确定在该帧周期期间应该应用的百分率。
该设备还可包括用于确定与所确定的总亮度级一致的百分率的查找表。该查找表可包含与用于帧的特定总亮度级的合适的百分率相关的数据。
在本发明的实施例中，显示像素包括耦合至所述控制装置的开关，用于使得所述对应的发射显示元件能够进行发光所述百分率的所述帧周期。这种开关优选地包括串联连接至电致发光元件的晶体管，以使流过该电致发光元件的电流能够通过该晶体管进行控制。
本发明还涉及一种用于控制显示板的方法，该显示板具有多个带有发射显示元件的显示像素，该方法包括以下步骤：
-确定在一个帧周期期间要在所述显示器上显示的图像的总亮度级，以及
-根据所述总亮度级来控制在其期间所述显示像素(4)发光的所述帧周期的百分率。
US 5,451,979公开了一种显示标牌(display sign)，该显示标牌包含多束被分别激励以产生图像的光。该显示标牌包括用于控制占空比的持续时间来给所述光激励的处理器。该处理器包括用于确定被激励的光的数目的装置以及当该光的数目降至预定数目以下时用于降低占空比的装置。该显示标牌既未被设置也不具有产生该闪光效果的目的，因为处理器未确定帧的总亮度级，因此缺少用于检测暗帧的装置。
申请人的未预先公布的专利申请GB 0220512(“Electroluminescentdisplay devices(电致发光显示设备)”)描述了一种有源矩阵电致发光显示设备，其包括用于确定在一个帧周期中要显示的图像的总亮度级的装置，以及用于根据提供显示像素的驱动电平的相应输入信号以及根据总亮度级来控制驱动晶体管的装置。根据本发明，该驱动晶体管并不由控制装置进行控制。
将参考附图进一步说明本发明，其中：
图1示出根据本发明实施例的显示设备；以及
图2示出根据本发明实施例的显示像素。
图1示出显示设备3的示意图。该显示设备3包括具有以行和列的矩阵排列的多个显示像素4的PLED显示板2。应该理解，图1仅示出少数显示像素4。实际上可以存在带有显示像素4的几百个行和列。
显示设备3还包括用于寻址以及各个显示像素4的数据供应的驱动电路装置5。驱动电路装置5包括用于接收信号的数据输入6，该信号表示要在显示板2上显示的视频图像。在数据输入6处接收的图像的图像负载(image load)或总亮度级由占空比控制装置7来确定。控制装置7可包括加法器10、存储器8、查找表9(下文也称为LUT)以及其它逻辑电路(未示出)。可替代地，该控制装置可以是具有相关存储器和执行加法、存储和其它逻辑功能的软件的处理器。控制装置7也可包括执行所述功能的硬件和软件的组合，或者完全由软件实现。加法器将一个帧的每个显示像素4的灰度级的值相加。这些灰度级的值的总数可被存储在存储器中，并用作对该特定帧的显示像素4的图像负载的量度。可替代地，在一个帧中的像素4的灰度级的值的平均值可用作图像负载的量度。
可替代地，，如果可获得视频图像的彩色分量红R、绿G和蓝B，则可加上这些信号的亮度值。
进一步可替代地，可确定各个彩色分量的总亮度值。
这些彩色分量各自的总亮度值的组合可用于表示图像负载。
在图1的例子中，存储器8包括正在显示的当前帧的灰度级的值的总数。
LUT 9包括要被选作灰度级值的总数的函数的占空比值的列表。占空比被定义为一个百分比，表示输入信号的帧周期的百分率，在该帧周期期间，显示像素4被驱动发光。
下面描述供以50％的占空比提供100％的额定亮度的显示板2使用的LUT 9的内容的例子。
  OBV(％)   DC(％)  EPB(％)
  100   35  70
  90   35  70
  80   35  70
  70   35  70
  60   35  70
  50   40  80
  40   45  90
  30   50  100
  20   55  110
  15   60  120
  10   65  130
  5   75  150
              表1
表1说明当视频图像具有5％的总亮度级(OBV)时，占空比(DC)由显示设备3的控制装置7经由驱动电路装置5被增加至75％。与额定亮度相比，这导致有效像素亮度(EPB)增加1.5倍。因此，对于具有相对较低的总亮度级的视频图像而言，大大地增加了峰值亮度。这提供了希望的闪光效果。
当前一帧的图像负载和相应的占空比用于显示当前视频图像时，控制装置7可确定视频图像的当前帧的图像负载和相应的占空比。
可替代地，可应用帧存储器(未示出)来在将数据输入6处接收的视频图像提供给驱动电路装置5之前将视频图像延迟一个帧周期。这使得控制装置7能够在显示此当前帧之前确定要施加给当前帧的占空比。
占空比的增加会为显示板2引起采样/保持人工产物(artifact)。采样/保持人工产物起因于这样的事实：在每个帧周期中，在该帧周期的起始处可以显示新的图像(采样)，同时在帧周期的剩余部分(通常对于60Hz的运行为16毫秒)中，该图像仍然在显示屏上可见(保持)。对于运动视频图像，眼睛试图跟随在显示板2的屏幕上的图像，同时，由于寻址的采样/保持的特性，图像在物理上是静止的。用户把这种效果看作模糊图像。然而，用户对于运动图像质量通常更喜欢闪烁效果。此外，当占空比具有低值时(例如DC＜50％)，占空比的小的增加将导致大的亮度增加而没有显著增加运动模糊效果。
该显示设备可以是用于结合在显示器产品中的显示组件。该显示设备也可以是象电视机、监视器、个人数字助理、摄像机、计算机、电话之类的产品或者任何其它具有显示屏的产品。这样的产品除了包括显示组件外还包括外壳和其它部件，例如控制器和电源。
图2示出被设置成能够控制占空比的显示像素4的例子。显示像素4是电压控制的显示像素，其包括寻址晶体管T1、存储电容器C和用于驱动电致发光显示元件11的驱动晶体管T2。T2可为p-Si薄膜晶体管(TFT)，以及发光元件11可为发光二极管，例如高分子或小分子OLED。电容器C的电容板之一与T2的源电极被连接至电源电压线12。通过线13进行显示像素4的寻址，同时通过数据线14传送经由数据输入6接收的数据。
注意，占空比可以以各种方式进行改变。在优选实施例中应用开关T3，例如功率晶体管。开关T3可通过由控制装置7控制的占空比选择线15而被寻址。因此，在工作中，控制装置7对于特定帧确定总亮度级，并且根据确定的总亮度级例如根据LUT 9来通过占空比选择线15改变占空比。在一行中的每个显示像素4的开关T3可被连接至单个的占空比选择线15，因此特定行的所有显示像素4具有相同的占空比。两条或更多条选择线15可被结合在选择线15的组中，以便减少要进行与显示板2连接的数量。
本发明不限于上述实施例，其可在权利要求书的范围内以多种方式进行改变，例如通过在显示元件11和地之间设置开关T3。可以设想结合本发明的若干不同的显示像素4。本发明也可以应用于象有源矩阵场发射显示器之类的其它矩阵显示器，其以占空比驱动并具有发射显示元件。
应当注意，上述实施例是说明而非限制本发明，并且本领域技术人员能够在不背离所附权利要求书的范围的情况下设计许多替代的实施例。在权利要求书中，置于括号中的任何附图标记不应被解释为限制权利要求。动词“包括”及其变形的使用并不排除除权利要求中所述之外的元件或步骤的存在。位于元件之前的冠词“一”或“一个”并不排除多个这种元件的存在。本发明可通过包括若干不同元件的硬件以及通过适当编程的计算机来实现。在列举若干装置的设备权利要求中，这些装置中的一些可由同一项硬件来实现。仅仅在相互不同的从属权利要求中陈述某些措施的事实，并不表示这些措施的组合不能被有利地利用。

Claims (9)

1、显示设备(3)，包括：显示板(2)，其具有多个带有发射显示元件(11)的显示像素(4)；以及占空比控制装置(7)，用于根据要在所述显示板(2)上显示的图像的总亮度级来改变在其期间所述显示像素(4)发光的帧周期的百分率。
2、根据权利要求1的显示设备(3)，其中如果所述总亮度级的降低得到确定，则所述控制装置(7)适于增加所述百分率。
3、根据权利要求1的显示设备(3)，其中如果所述总亮度级的增加得到确定，则所述控制装置(7)适于减少所述百分率。
4、根据权利要求1的显示设备(3)，还包括帧存储器，用于存储输入信号，显示所述图像，在一个帧周期期间使在该帧周期期间的图像的总亮度级能够得到确定。
5、根据权利要求1的显示设备(3)，其中该控制装置(7)适于根据在前一帧周期期间的总亮度级来确定该帧周期的百分率。
6、根据权利要求1的显示设备(3)，其中该控制装置(7)还包括查找表(9)，用于确定与所述确定的总亮度级一致的所述百分率。
7、根据权利要求1的显示设备(3)，其中所述显示像素(4)包括耦合至所述控制装置(7)的开关(T3)，用于使得所述对应的发射显示元件(11)能够进行发光所述百分率的所述帧周期。
8、用于控制显示板(2)的方法，该显示板(2)具有多个带有发射显示元件(11)的显示像素(4)，该方法包括以下步骤：
-确定在一个帧周期内要在所述显示器上显示的图像的总亮度级，以及
-根据所述总亮度级来控制在其期间所述显示像素(4)发光的所述帧周期的百分率。
9、用于控制显示板(2)的集成电路，该显示板(2)具有多个带有发射显示元件(11)的显示像素(4)，该集成电路包括占空比控制装置(7)，用于根据要在所述显示板(2)上显示的图像的总亮度级来改变在其期间所述显示像素(4)发光的帧周期的百分率。
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