CN1796591A - Carburized wire and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Carburized wire and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1796591A CN1796591A CN200510118512.9A CN200510118512A CN1796591A CN 1796591 A CN1796591 A CN 1796591A CN 200510118512 A CN200510118512 A CN 200510118512A CN 1796591 A CN1796591 A CN 1796591A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- steel wire
- section steel
- reagent
- carburizing
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000012120 mounting media Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010058 rubber compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004129 EU approved improving agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C12/00—Solid state diffusion of at least one non-metal element other than silicon and at least one metal element or silicon into metallic material surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
- C23C8/44—Carburising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/64—Carburising
Abstract
A method is taught for processing low carbon steel wire into high carbon steel wire having improved characteristics for use in vehicle tire construction and other applications, including increased wire strength, corrosion resistance and rubber adherence. Low carbon steel wire is carburized to raise carbon content, resulting in increased strength and corrosion resistance. According to other aspects of the invention, the carburization process may occur in the presence of rubber adherence agents , which adhere to the steel wire, resulting in improved steel rubber adherence in a single processing step.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for steel carburizing, relate in the carburization process carbon content that improves used Mild Steel Wire in the tire construction especially, improve the erosion resistance of steel wire and the method for rubber adhesion simultaneously.
Background technology
In vehicle tyre, introduce the steel band layer and improved intensity, weather resistance and performance greatly.This class belt is made up of structurized steel wire floor usually, and these steel wires are embedded in the rubber compounding thing and form belt.Owing to exist in the tire heavily stressedly, therefore physicals, the ductility that comprises steel wire, stretching and the shock strength of the steel wire introduced in the belt carried out strictness control, so that produce the belt that is optimized for use in tire.Except the physicals of steel wire above-mentioned, be used for other physicalies of the steel wire of tire, comprise erosion resistance and be important equally with relevant rubber compounding thing adherent ability.Adhesion characteristic is even more important for guaranteeing that steel wire does not separate with relevant rubber in belt.
The component that influences a kind of steel of steel wire physicals is contained carbon.Usually, the steel wire with high carbon content is used to make the belt of tire.High carbon steel has high-intensity advantageous property, and this makes that it is preferred for using in tire applications." high carbon steel " is meant the steel with about 0.6% to 1.5% carbon content.The binding property of steel wire can for example cobalt, copper or brass be improved by introduce the binding property improving agent in steel wire, yet, improve steel wire by introducing these reagent, relate generally to buy the steel wire of expensive preprocess, perhaps steel wire is implemented additional processing step.For fear of steel wire is carried out additional processing, tiremaker can selectively be introduced relevant rubber with the binding property improving agent, but not introduces steel wire.Though this method has been improved the binding property of steel to rubber, also caused being dispersed in the waste of the binding property improving agent in the rubber, these binding property improving agents do not arrive the point of contact of steel wire and rubber fully.
Though high carbon steel is preferred for using in tire applications, it is compared with suitable soft steel is expensive.In addition, the steel wire that is used for tire industry is produced by steel wire being stretched to its final diameter usually.Compare with soft steel, the steel wire of high carbon steel is difficult to be drawn into the silk of appropriate size usually relatively, and this causes productive expense to increase.In addition, this silk needs processing dividually at present, so that apply erosion resistance and the necessary coating of rubber adhesion or other reagent in order to obtain to improve, has increased additional processing step thus.In order to satisfy the technical specifications of tire, tiremaker need be born these additional expenses; Yet, for produce high carbon content, corrosion-resistant, can be adhered to the steel wire on the rubber, the rubber adhesion that begins and single procedure of processing, improve carbon content and obtain erosion resistance and raising from the Mild Steel Wire of cheapness preferably.Like this, material cost, process period and procedure of processing number can be reduced, and do not sacrifice the benefit according to the high-carbon steel wire of existing method processing.
The present invention has solved this problem by novel method and the technology that proposition is used to make the high-carbon steel wire that is used for useful application, this method is passed through the Mild Steel Wire carburizing to improve the carbon content of steel wire, and in during identical processing, the steel wire carburizing is carried out being used to improve in the presence of the suitable reagent of erosion resistance and rubber adhesion.Like this, by means of a kind of technology, the Mild Steel Wire of cheapness can be converted into useful, high carbon content, corrosion resistant, can be adhered to the steel wire on the rubber, the latter can be used for various application.
Summary of the invention
According to one aspect of the present invention, in the presence of carburizing agent,, produce high-carbon steel wire with the soft steel carburizing.
According to another aspect of the present invention, use solid carburizer with the Mild Steel Wire carburizing, form high carbon steel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, use liquid carburizing compound with the Mild Steel Wire carburizing, form high carbon steel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the using gas carburizing agent forms high carbon steel with the Mild Steel Wire carburizing.
According to another aspect of the present invention, in the presence of additive,, obtain having the high-carbon steel wire of the erosion resistance of raising with the Mild Steel Wire carburizing.
According to another aspect of the present invention, in the presence of additive,, obtain having the high-carbon steel wire of the rubber adhesion of raising with the Mild Steel Wire carburizing.
According to another aspect of the present invention, under about 1200 ℃ to 1350 ℃ temperature with the Mild Steel Wire carburizing.
According to another aspect of the present invention, carburized wire is promptly quenched and anneal, can be used for making the steel wire of vehicle tyre with production.
After reading and having understood following detailed description, those skilled in the art can clearer other benefits of the present invention and advantage.
Description of drawings
In the arrangement of some part and part, the present invention can take the certain physical form, at this specification sheets with will be described in detail and illustrate its preferred embodiment in the accompanying drawing of the part of book as an illustration, wherein:
Fig. 1 has described to be used for the steel wire of carburizing.
Fig. 2 has described the cross section of steel wire during carburization process of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the microstructural image according to the steel wire of method carburizing of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is demonstration another image according to the microtexture of the steel wire of the inventive method carburizing.
Fig. 5 is another image according to the steel wire of the inventive method carburizing.
Fig. 6 has described the carburized wire in the quenchant.
Fig. 7 A-7C has shown the neutralize microtexture of the steel wire of the method carburizing of instruction in following examples 1 particularly according to the present invention.Fig. 7 A is the carburizing rolled wire.Fig. 7 B is the microtexture of carburizing rolled wire surf zone.Fig. 7 C is the microtexture of carburized wire core.
Fig. 8 A and 8B have shown the neutralize microtexture of the steel wire of the method carburizing of instruction in following examples 2 particularly according to the present invention.Fig. 8 A is carburizing and quenching and rolled wire.Fig. 8 B is the microtexture of the surf zone of carburizing, quenching, annealing and rolled wire.
Embodiment
With reference now to accompanying drawing,, the purpose of preferred embodiment in order to demonstrate the invention that wherein shown only is, rather than in order to limit purpose of the present invention, Fig. 1 has described to carry out according to method described herein one section steel wire 10 of carburizing.In one embodiment, one section steel wire 10 is one section Mild Steel Wire shown in." Mild Steel Wire " is meant to have the steel wire that is lower than about 0.25% carbon content.Should be noted that according to the present invention and can use steel wire 10, include, but are not limited to have the steel wire of about carbon content of 0.25% to 0.5% with any carbon content.Though compare with the use Mild Steel Wire, may be correspondingly lower in the steel wire of this higher carbon content by means of the carbon content increase that carburizing obtained, but according to the method for instructing herein, in the presence of corrosion inhibitor 22 or rubber adhesive 23, carry out method for carburizing, can in this steel wire, produce other benefits.
Continuation is with reference to figure 1, and steel wire 10 can be placed in the container 15.Container 15 can be configured to the mounting medium (not shown) that comprises carburizing agent 20 or contain carburizing agent 20.In one embodiment, mounting medium can be identical with carburizing agent 20.The size of container 15 and material can be selected according to correct engineering judgment, and can be by the material manufacturing that is suitable for bearing the temperature relevant with carburization process (below discuss).
Considered that steel wire 10 is can container 15 longer.In this case, container can have import and outlet (not shown), and steel wire 10 can enter container 15 by import whereby, and after processing, comes out from container by outlet.Steel wire 10 can provide near the spool that is positioned at the import.Spool can rotate, and makes steel wire 10 feed from spool in fact continuously, by import, enters container 15, carries out carburizing processing in container 15, comes out from container 15 by outlet then.Can near outlet, provide second spool, be used to receive the steel wire 10 of processing.According to correct engineering judgment, can select any means to be used for steel wire 10 chargings by container 15.Steel wire 10 should be controlled fully by the input speed of container 15, so that carburization process carries out according to the present invention.As discussed below, steel wire 10 can be after carburization process, but before being received on second spool, quenched.
In the embodiment that Fig. 1 describes, carburizing agent 20 can be a liquid carburizing compound.Yet, should be appreciated that method for carburizing of the present invention can use liquid carburizing compound, solid carburizer or gaseous cement to carry out.The example of liquid carburizing compound comprises petroleum base oils, salt bath and synthetic mixture, and it is well-known in the art.The example of solid carburizer comprises carbon black and powdered graphite.The example of gaseous cement comprises methane, propane, ethene, acetylene and carbon monoxide.According to method disclosed herein, can use other solids, liquids and gases carburizing agent, these carburizing agents are well known in the art and can select according to correct engineering judgment.In addition, as mentioned above, carburizing agent 20 can be included in the mounting medium (not shown), and mounting medium can be solid, liquid or carrier gas medium.
In the embodiment that Fig. 1 describes, carburizing agent 20 is liquid carburizing compounds.At least a portion steel wire 10 can be dipped in the carburizing agent 20.In one embodiment, steel wire 10 can all be immersed in the carburizing agent 20.Steel wire 10 can keep contacting with carburizing agent 20 in container 15 by means of any means of selecting by correct engineering judgment.
The erosion resistance that should be noted that the raising of steel wire 10 can be produced by described carburization process, and does not need to add independently corrosion inhibitor 22.Carburization process of the present invention can cause the carbon from carburizing agent 20 to be diffused in the core of steel wire 10 (being shown in Fig. 2).The carbon of this immersion steel wire 10 can cause forming the layer (being depicted as 37 in Fig. 3-5) of the intensive cementite of carbon, and this layer originates in the surface of steel wire 10, and extends to the center of steel wire 10.Can improve the intensity of steel wire 10 by the cementite lamella 37 of carburization process generation.Even under the situation of the anticorrosive reagent 22 that does not have other, cementite lamella 37 also can provide the erosion resistance of raising for steel wire 10.Therefore, under the situation that does not have other anticorrosive reagent 22, the steel wire 10 that can predict according to the present invention's processing has the erosion resistance of raising, but by in the presence of aforesaid other anticorrosive reagent 22, steel wire 10 carburizings can further being improved erosion resistance.
Though Fig. 1 has shown the container 15 that comprises carburizing agent 20, anticorrosive reagent 22 and rubber adhesion reagent 23, but it should be noted that, the present invention can only use carburizing agent 20 to implement, and perhaps uses carburizing agent 20 and a kind of of anticorrosive reagent 22 and rubber adhesion reagent 23 or both mixtures to implement.
Continuation wherein provides heating installation 25 with reference to figure 1, and this heating installation 25 combines with steel wire 10 to be operated, and is used to heat steel wire 10.Heating installation 25 can be induction heating equipment or resistance heating device, though can select any other to be used for steel wire 10 is heated to the equipment of the temperature that allows to carry out carburizing according to correct engineering judgment.According to the above, heating installation 25 can be an electrical heating device, wherein with the electricity importing with by steel wire 10, with the means as heating steel wire 10.In such embodiment, one or more electrodes 27,28 can be provided, they are connected to the difference end of steel wire 10.Electrode 27,28 can be connected to the power supply that is used to produce by the electric current of steel wire 10.Heating installation 25 also can be baking oven or stove, and it can be placed in the container 15, perhaps can be placed in outside the container 15.By correct engineering judgment, can select steel wire 10 to be heated to any heating installation 25 that is fit to temperature.
In one embodiment, heating installation 25 can be heated to steel wire 10 and surpass about 950 ℃ temperature.In another embodiment, heating installation can be heated to about 1200 ℃ to 1350 ℃ temperature with steel wire 10.
Continuation is with reference to figure 1, and the steel wire 10 in the container 15 that comprises carburizing agent 20 can be heated to about 1200 ℃ to 1350 ℃ temperature by means of heating installation 25.As mentioned above, container 15 can also comprise one or more anticorrosive reagent 22 and rubber adhesion reagent 23.Anticorrosive reagent 22 or rubber adhesion reagent 23 can add container 15 when steel wire 10 is heated.Selectively, anticorrosive reagent 22 or rubber adhesion reagent 23 can add container 15 before steel wire 10 is heated.Can be provided for improving the single procedure of processing of steel wire 10 in this way, wherein be improved in the erosion resistance of steel wire 10 or rubber adhesion or the identical heating steps that both used between carburizing cycle.
Shown in Fig. 2-5, heating steel wire 10 can cause the carburizing of steel wire 10 in the presence of carburizing agent 20, because the carbon of carburizing agent 20 diffuses through the surface of steel wire 10 and enters the core of steel wire 10.Carburizing causes the raising of steel wire 10 carbon contents, this so that can cause Mild Steel Wire to be converted into high-carbon steel wire.The carbon that the higher temperature that reaches during carburization process (about 1200 ℃-1350 ℃) can cause improving is diffused into speed the steel wire 10 from carburizing agent, can cause the short process period from the low carbon content to the high-carbon content like this.Fig. 3-5 has shown the cross section of the steel wire 10 after the carburization process.Cementite lamella 37 is because carbon diffuses into the result of the carbon content of the raising that steel wire causes.As mentioned above, even under the situation that does not have other anticorrosive reagent 22, cementite lamella 37 also can provide erosion resistance for steel wire 10.Cementite lamella 37 also improves the intensity of steel wire 10, and darker cementite lamella 37 is relevant with the intensity that improves.The carburizing of steel wire 10 can allow to proceed to and have enough cementite lamellas 37, thinks that steel wire 10 provides the intensity of requirement.
When carrying out in carburization process is comprising the container 15 of anticorrosive reagent 22, anticorrosive reagent 22 or its element can be attached to the surface of steel wire 10 or diffuse in the steel wire 10 or both, cause improved erosion resistance (not shown) thus in steel wire.In a similar manner, when in carburization process is comprising the container 15 of rubber adhesion reagent 23, carrying out, rubber adhesion reagent 23 or its element can be attached to the surface of steel wire 10 or diffuse in the steel wire 10 or both, between steel wire 10 and rubber compounding thing, produce the binding property that improves thus, can be used for the steel belt of tire like this.It should be noted that, carburizing agent 20, anticorrosive reagent 22 and the rubber adhesion reagent 23 of q.s can be added container 15, to guarantee that these elements are sufficiently absorbed,, make its intensity, erosion resistance and rubber adhesion with desired level to improve steel wire 10 fully.
As shown in Figure 6, when the correlated performance of steel wire 10, when promptly its carbon content, erosion resistance and rubber adhesion are suitably improved, can in quenchant 35, steel wire 10 be quenched.Quenchant 35 can be any quenchant, and it can select and can comprise oil quenching medium or water according to correct engineering judgment.It is well-known in the art that this class medium 35 is used for industrial application.A purpose of quenchant 35 is that steel wire 10 promptly is cooled to be less than about 200 ℃ temperature greatly, and makes the crystalline-granular texture of steel wire 10 obtain keeping after carburization process.
The carburization process of steel wire 10 can cause having the steel wire 10 of the carbon content of raising.The carbon content of steel wire 10 can be brought up to the level (as defined above) of high-carbon steel wire.In one embodiment, the carbon content of steel wire 10 can bring up to about 1.3% from being less than about 0.25% greatly.As the result of the method for this paper instruction, the carbon content of steel wire 10 can be brought up to up to about 4.3%.In addition, by means of introducing anticorrosive reagent 22 or cementite lamella 37 and rubber adhesion reagent 23 on the surface of steel wire 10 or in steel wire 23, steel wire 10 can be improved and have the erosion resistance and the rubber adhesion of raising.
Though the cementite lamella of carburized wire 10 (being shown as 37 in Fig. 3-5) can cause that steel wire 10 has the intensity of raising, the cementite lamella 37 in the steel wire 10 also may make steel wire 10 have the fragility of raising.Therefore, carburized wire 10 can experience additional tempering process, and wherein steel wire 10 is by tempering or annealing, to reduce the fragility that produces owing to carburization process.Tempering process can comprise that continuously wherein steel wire 10 is heated to about 200 ℃ to 400 ℃ temperature, is cooled to be lower than about 200 ℃ temperature then with steel wire 10 heating and cooling then.The tempering cycle of heating and cooling can repeat.In one embodiment, tempering process can repeat maximum three times.Additional processing step comprises by means of stretching and further reduces the diameter of steel wire 10, can carry out on the high-carbon steel wire of producing according to the present invention.
Though show and described the present invention, it is evident that those skilled in the art can expect suitable variation and correction in reading with after having understood this specification sheets and accompanying drawing with regard at least one embodiment.In addition, though more than may with regard in several illustrational embodiments only one special characteristic of the present invention has been described, but these features can combine with one or more other features of another embodiment, as for any given application-specific may be requirement with favourable.
With reference to the following illustrative embodiment that produces high-carbon steel wire according to the present invention, can understand all respects of the present invention more completely.Though following examples have and specific can be used for this method and can carry out many corrections and alternative to make step, the material and facility of high-carbon steel wire, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.Therefore, all this corrections, variation, substitute and add and be considered to belong to the spirit and scope of the present invention that claims limit.
Embodiment 1-liquid carburizing.
By means of resistive heating, carry out the carburizing experiment by heating steel wire in machine oil.With 6 in the stainless steel vessel of " the long Mild Steel Wire with 0.2% carbon and 2mm diameter is clamped between two electrodes, and is immersed in 12 " x4 " x4 ".The heating of steel wire is used direct current and is exchanged both and carry out.Be in the oil it to be taken out from described container, and remove described oil with after steel wire heating and the cooling.The carburizing sample is installed in the conducting epoxy resin anchor, polishing, and carry out the Nital etching, so that show the microtexture of the steel wire of processing.The microtexture of the steel wire of research processing in Leica opticmicroscope and Jeol scanning electronic microscope.Fig. 3 and 4 has shown the microtexture of being made up of perlite and main cementite that is obtained.This microtexture is for being typical for the carbon content of the eutectic composition of 4.3% carbon.It provides the combination of the uniqueness of the high-strength characteristic of cementite and pearlitic ductility.In addition, sedimentary special resistates provides improved steel rubber adhesion in the surface.
Embodiment 2-solid carburizing.
In having the ceramic ladle of lid, with carbon black with 4 " have that 0.2% carbon is formed and the steel wire of 0.2 to 1.5 mm dia is packed.They were heated 5 to 30 minutes under 950 ℃ to 1350 ℃ temperature in tube furnace.With the sample purification of processing, and with top embodiment 1 in the same preparation metallographic sample discussed.The microtexture that obtains is characterized the surf zone that demonstrates at steel wire have cementite lamella, this is typical for the proeutectic steel with about 1.3% carbon content.This cementite lamella has improved the erosion resistance of steel.The steel wire that obtains is rolled in the steel wire milling train, to estimate the processing characteristics of steel wire.Reached the highest 2 true strain, and the fracture of silk has not taken place.Fig. 7 A has shown in initial steel wire diameter (non-rolling) and has had the transition portion of the rolled wire between the part (rolling part) of the diameter of reduction.Fig. 7 B and 7C have shown the microtexture of upper layer and steel wire core respectively.With some carburizing silk water quenching, annealed 30 to 120 minutes down at 600 ℃ then.The steel wire of as-quenched condition is brittle, and occurs crackle (Fig. 8 A and 8B) during steel wire is rolling.Annealing causes steel wire ductility to improve, and allows rolling and crackle do not occur.The microtexture of the tempered steel wire that is obtained (promptly quenching and annealed wire) is presented at has typical globular pearlite tissue in the upper layer.In wire-core, microtexture mainly remains ferrite, has typical some perlite cluster for soft steel.
Claims (10)
1. be used to improve the method for the steel wire that is used for the vehicle tyre structure, described method is characterised in that to have following steps:
One section steel wire is provided, and it has the carbon content that is in first carbon level,
At least the first carburizing agent is provided,
At least the first rubber adhesion reagent is provided,
At least the first carburizing agent is contacted with described steel wire with at least the first rubber adhesion reagent,
Be provided for heating the heating installation of described one section steel wire,
Operationally described heating installation is combined with described one section steel wire,
With described one section steel wire heating to first temperature, wherein said first temperature between about 950 ℃ and 1350 ℃ and
The described one section steel wire of heating is in second carbon level up to the carbon content of described one section steel wire under about first temperature, and wherein second carbon level is higher than first carbon level.
2. the method for claim 1 it is characterized in that described one section steel wire has about 0.2 millimeter and arrives about 2.0 millimeters diameter, and first carbon level of described one section steel wire is lower than about 0.5%.
3. it is about 0.25% that the method for claim 2, first carbon level that it is characterized in that described one section steel wire are lower than, and second carbon level of described one section steel wire is higher than about 0.6%.
4. the method for claim 3 is characterized in that first temperature is about 1200 ℃ to about 1350 ℃.
5. the method for claim 4 is characterized in that described at least the first carburizing agent is selected from solid carburizing reagent, liquid carburizing reagent and gas cementation reagent, and
The described at least the first rubber adhesion reagent is selected from the copper bearing rubber adhesion reagent of bag and comprises the rubber adhesion reagent of cobalt.
6. the method for claim 4 is further characterized in that to have the step that described one section steel wire is quenched into second temperature, wherein said second temperature be lower than about 200 ℃ and
With described one section steel wire tempered step.
7. the method for claim 1 is further characterized in that to have following steps: provide at least the first anticorrosive reagent and
Before the step of first temperature, the described at least the first anticorrosive reagent is contacted with described one section steel wire described one section steel wire heating.
8. the steel wire that has the rubber adhesion of raising, it is by being characterised in that the method preparation with following steps:
One section steel wire is provided, and it has the carbon content that is in first carbon level, wherein first carbon level be lower than about 0.50%,
At least the first carburizing agent is provided,
At least the first rubber adhesion reagent is provided,
At least the first carburizing agent is contacted with described steel wire with at least the first rubber adhesion reagent,
Be provided for heating the heating installation of described one section steel wire,
Operationally described heating installation is combined with described one section steel wire,
With described one section steel wire heating to first temperature, wherein said first temperature between 1200 ℃ and 1350 ℃,
The described one section steel wire of heating is in second carbon level up to the carbon content of described one section steel wire under about first temperature, and it is about 0.6% that wherein said second carbon level is higher than,
Described one section steel wire is quenched into is lower than the second about 200 ℃ temperature.
9. pass through the steel wire of the method preparation of claim 8, it is characterized in that first carbon level of described one section steel wire is lower than about 0.25%.
10. pass through the steel wire of the method preparation of claim 8, it is characterized in that described second carbon level is higher than about 1.0%.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/975811 | 2004-10-27 | ||
| US10/975,811 US20060086430A1 (en) | 2004-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | Carburized wire and method for producing the same |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010163334A Division CN101818319A (en) | 2004-10-27 | 2005-10-27 | Carburized wire and its production method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1796591A true CN1796591A (en) | 2006-07-05 |
| CN1796591B CN1796591B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
Family
ID=35637107
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010163334A Pending CN101818319A (en) | 2004-10-27 | 2005-10-27 | Carburized wire and its production method |
| CN200510118512.9A Expired - Fee Related CN1796591B (en) | 2004-10-27 | 2005-10-27 | Carburized wire and method for producing the same |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010163334A Pending CN101818319A (en) | 2004-10-27 | 2005-10-27 | Carburized wire and its production method |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20060086430A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1652943A1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN101818319A (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0504509A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107949489A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2018-04-20 | 米其林集团总公司 | Include the tire of the carcass reinforcement cord with low carbon content |
| CN114589952A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-06-07 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | Tire bead steel wire and manufacturing method thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2477336C1 (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-03-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Донской государственный технический университет" | Metal product cementation method |
| EP3241221A4 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2018-08-08 | Bridgestone Corporation | Amino alkoxy-modified silsesquioxane adhesives for adhering steel alloy to rubber |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4023989A (en) * | 1975-10-20 | 1977-05-17 | Monsanto Company | Method for producing corded steel wire |
| GB8424086D0 (en) * | 1984-09-24 | 1984-10-31 | Bekaert Sa Nv | Steel cord |
| JPS62142019A (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-06-25 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Manufacture of high carbon alloy fine wire |
| JPH01177318A (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-07-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of coiled spring excellent in fatigue strength |
| DE19526721B4 (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 2005-07-21 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd., Kobe | tire cord |
| US7552753B2 (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2009-06-30 | Pirelli Pneumatici S.P.A. | Tire for a vehicle wheel comprising at least one single strand metallic reinforcing cord |
| US6991687B2 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2006-01-31 | Surface Combustion, Inc. | Vacuum carburizing with napthene hydrocarbons |
-
2004
- 2004-10-27 US US10/975,811 patent/US20060086430A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-10-18 BR BRPI0504509-6A patent/BRPI0504509A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-10-25 EP EP05109964A patent/EP1652943A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-10-27 CN CN201010163334A patent/CN101818319A/en active Pending
- 2005-10-27 CN CN200510118512.9A patent/CN1796591B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-09-11 US US11/853,334 patent/US20080041497A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107949489A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2018-04-20 | 米其林集团总公司 | Include the tire of the carcass reinforcement cord with low carbon content |
| CN107949489B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2020-08-21 | 米其林集团总公司 | Tire comprising carcass reinforcement cords having a low carbon content |
| CN114589952A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-06-07 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | Tire bead steel wire and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2023159531A1 (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-08-31 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | Bead wire and manufacturing method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20060086430A1 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
| CN101818319A (en) | 2010-09-01 |
| BRPI0504509A (en) | 2006-06-27 |
| US20080041497A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
| EP1652943A1 (en) | 2006-05-03 |
| CN1796591B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1255272C (en) | Aluminium-plated structure and producing method | |
| CN1796591B (en) | Carburized wire and method for producing the same | |
| CN103842546A (en) | Steel wire for bolt, bolt, and manufacturing processes therefor | |
| CN1771348A (en) | Hot dip alloyed zinc coated steel sheet and method for production thereof | |
| CN103097561A (en) | Steel component having excellent temper softening resistance | |
| JP2718332B2 (en) | Method for producing high carbon steel strip with good formability | |
| CN112593183A (en) | Heat treatment method for carburizing and quenching | |
| JP5918533B2 (en) | Steel filament patented with bismuth | |
| CN108342680B (en) | Carbonitriding method for thin-wall steel parts | |
| CN1050388C (en) | Alloy composition and method of forming drive axle shafts | |
| CN1090246C (en) | Cold rolled steel sheet excellent in baking hardenability | |
| CN1910296A (en) | Steel sheet for use in containers and manufacturing method therefor | |
| JP2002339054A (en) | High pressure-resistant member and manufacturing method | |
| KR100760152B1 (en) | Manufacturing method of high strength automobile parts by zinc galvanization steel sheet using hot stamping | |
| CN1844479A (en) | Secondary alloying nickel and stannum -plating steel plate and belt and method for preparing same | |
| JP6237937B2 (en) | Method for producing high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet | |
| CN103703274A (en) | Flexible ring for a drive belt for a continuously variable transmission and method for producing such | |
| JP2010222636A (en) | Surface treatment method of steel product | |
| CN1297680C (en) | Steel for case hardening bearing excellent in toughness and rolling fatigue life in quasi-high temperature region | |
| CN1286992C (en) | Process for producing oil tempered wire | |
| CN1068054A (en) | Produce the process of cement nail and nailing with mild steel | |
| JP4806722B2 (en) | Metal salt bath nitriding method and metal produced by the method | |
| JPH04285142A (en) | Oil tempered steel wire for spring and high strength spring | |
| JP2015010258A (en) | CARBURIZING METHOD OF HIGH-Si STEEL FOR CARBURIZING | |
| NL1042940B1 (en) | Basic material composition, method for manufacturing a transverse member for a drive belt from such basic material and a drive belt comprising a thus manufactured transverse member |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110413 Termination date: 20121027 |