CN1782493A - Large space burning method of water coal slurry and its special device - Google Patents
Large space burning method of water coal slurry and its special device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1782493A CN1782493A CNA2004100966278A CN200410096627A CN1782493A CN 1782493 A CN1782493 A CN 1782493A CN A2004100966278 A CNA2004100966278 A CN A2004100966278A CN 200410096627 A CN200410096627 A CN 200410096627A CN 1782493 A CN1782493 A CN 1782493A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of fuel combustion technology, and aims at solving the problem that water coal slurry can not be burnt at low temperature with air as combustion improver unless some auxiliary heat source is adopted. Oxygen-rich air is used as combustion improver in realizing large space combustion and oxygen-deficiency combustion to produce certain amount of CO and H2 to inhibit thermal generation of nitrogen oxide and eliminate environmental pollution. CO and H2 in oxygen atmosphere produce secondary combustion, resulting in violent combustion. The present invention is used in burning water coal slurry to eliminate ash and slag effectively and has unique tangent air port for violent and complete combustion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and special equipment thereof of fuel combustion, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of method and special equipment thereof of cool water mixture burning.
Background technology
Water-coal-slurry is a kind of coal based fluid fuel, is the slurry that is made of 70% coal dust, 30% water and a spot of chemical addition agent, has mobile and stable preferably.Water-coal-slurry is with the simple physics method solid coal to be converted into fluid fuel.Water-coal-slurry is convenient to store, is carried and burning control, is called by people " novel generation oil fuel ".The production industrialization and the commercialization of water-coal-slurry at present.
Water-coal-slurry mostly adopts the suspension combustion mode.Water-coal-slurry (fluid) is atomized into numerous undersized water-coal-slurry and drips through atomizer, and numerous water-coal-slurry is dripped the composition water-coal-slurry and dripped the group, and water-coal-slurry is dripped the group and is injected in the space of setting, on one side motion, burn on one side, until after-flame.
Coal particle average diameter in the water-coal-slurry is about the 30-50 micron, and the slurry after the atomizing drips the group mean diameter and is about the 60-120 micron.The burning of water-coal-slurry belongs to the diffusion combustion on coal slurry grain group surface, and combustion reaction intensity is lower, igniting and steady flame difficulty.At present, in the water-coal-slurry engineering uses, all be to adopt following method: with auxiliary thermal source combustion chamber (combustion space) is heated to more than 800 ℃, by the backflow and the acting in conjunction of chamber wall surface radiation of high-temperature flue gas, the some combusting coal water slurry drips the group and makes its smooth combustion.If the burning indoor temperature is lower, promptly use auxiliary thermal source point combusting coal water slurry to drip group mist torch, in case interrupt auxiliary thermal source, water-coal-slurry is dripped group can not smooth combustion---extinguish.
Large coal powder boiler is being put into operation the initial stage by black furnace, needs to use auxiliary thermal source heating furnace, firing coal-dust; At the boiler at low load run duration, fire box temperature is lower, for boiler is stable, safe operation, needs to use auxiliary thermal source to help coal dust firing.In the past, the most frequently used auxiliary thermal source is fuel oil (diesel oil, a heavy oil).2002, national power plant was used for lighting a fire and combustion-supporting diesel oil that consumes and heavy oil amount to 3,400,000 tons.China lacks oil, and therefore in recent years, people had developed " plasma ignition " and methods such as " electrical heating combustion airs " at power plant's igniting.But the casthouse equipment of plasma ignition is many, the cost of investment height, and the installation process complexity, it is convenient inadequately to operate, and the power consumption height of electrical heating combustion air.And in present technology, water-coal-slurry at low temperatures can not smooth combustion, can't reach the purpose of firing coal-dust.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve power plant igniting cost of investment and operating cost is higher and water-coal-slurry at low temperatures can not smooth combustion can't be used for the problem of power plant's igniting, proposes that a kind of what be used for that power plant lights a fire is the large space burning method and the special-purpose power plant ignition installation thereof of combustion adjuvant water-coal-slurry under oxygen debt condition with the oxygen-enriched air.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows.
Large space burning method of water coal slurry of the present invention, water-coal-slurry sprays into the combustion chamber through the atomizer atomizing, simultaneously the oxygen volume percent content is higher than 50% oxygen-enriched air and sprays into the combustion chamber at a high speed as combustion adjuvant, the oxygen quantity delivered is the 60-95% of the required theoretical amount of water-coal-slurry completing combustion, the water-coal-slurry of atomizing and the oxygen-enriched air mixed merging motion of spinning are lighted afterwards water-coal-slurry and are carried out large space burning.
The oxygen volume percent content preferably is higher than 60% in the described oxygen-enriched air.
Described oxygen quantity delivered is preferably the 70-90% of the required theoretical amount of water-coal-slurry completing combustion.
Described oxygen-enriched air is preferably prepared by pressure swing absorption process.
Described large space burning is meant the burning of satisfying following condition: burning space, place is enough big, so that its temperature and object space do not constitute basic influence to burning.In other words: the object in the combustion space and the temperature in space all do not have decisive influence to the form and the state of suspension combustion torch.
Combustion method of the present invention belongs to oxygen-enriched combusting.So-called oxygen-enriched combusting be meant with respect to normal air as combustion adjuvant, concentration of oxygen surpasses 21% burning in the combustion adjuvant.Oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting is the key measure that realizes the water-coal-slurry large space burning, and oxygen enrichment can improve burning velocity, reduces the heat that flue gas is taken away.When burning generation heat equaled the environment heat dissipation, burning had been carried out with regard to stable.
Mention oxygen-enriched combusting, people's first reaction is always very expensive with oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting, along with the progress of air separation technology, and the very economical practicality of oxygen enrichment technology.At present, industrial oxygen enrichment technology mainly contains three kinds, as following table:
| Oxygen concentration (%) | Power consumption (degree/O 2M 3) | Economic scale M 3/h | Start-up time (h) | |
| Deep cooling system oxygen | ＞99 | 0.45 | ＞20 | |
| Omnibus control system | 90～95 | 0.55 | 10～10 | ＜0.5 |
| Oxygen permeable membrane legal system oxygen | 22～30 | At any time |
Deep cooling system oxygen is the most conventional method for producing oxygen through, is characterized in oxygen purity up to more than 99%, and power consumption is low, is applicable to the bigger and stable occasion of usefulness (oxygen) tolerance, and still, one-time investment is big, the startup standby host is chronic.Omnibus control system is the new technology of the research and development eighties in last century, is characterized in that oxygen generating station does not need special place, and it is very short to start the standby host time, and power consumption is high slightly, oxygen concentration is low slightly.Oxygen permeable membrane legal system oxygen also is mature technology, but oxygen concentration is low.
Comprehensive each side factor, the preferred omnibus control system of the present invention is as the production technology of oxygen-enriched air.The height of oxygen content can be realized by the efficient of adjusting transformation absorption.
The present invention is used for power plant's igniting in order to realize above-mentioned large space burning method of water coal slurry, a kind of equipment that is used for large space burning method of water coal slurry has been proposed, it comprises the combustion chamber, be positioned at the oxygen rich air conduit of combustion chamber antetheca, the annular gas tank, the atomizer jack, blow the slag pore, igniting gas vent and ignitor, be positioned at the tangential air port of sidewall of combustion chamber, described atomizer jack is arranged in the combustion chamber antetheca and is in the center line below and the combustion chamber connection, described oxygen rich air conduit and annular gas tank are communicated with, described annular gas tank and tangential air port are communicated with, tangential air port and combustion chamber are communicated with, the described slag pore that blows is positioned at described atomizer jack below, one end and annular gas tank are communicated with, the other end and combustion chamber are communicated with, described igniting gas vent and combustion chamber are communicated with, and the other end of combustion chamber is the flame ejiction opening.
The antetheca of ignition installation of the present invention also has thermal insulation layer 2 and apron plate 1, the forward part of sidewall has guard ring 7, described thermal insulation layer 2 is fixed on the antetheca of combustion chamber 6, and described apron plate 1 is fixed on the described thermal insulation layer 2, and described guard ring 7 is centered around the outer of equipment forward part and places.
The antetheca of ignition installation of the present invention can also have flame and detect hole 12.
The axial location in described tangential air port 8 is apart from the front end 150-300mm of combustion chamber 6.
The described gas flow that blows slag pore 11 is the 3-5% of oxygen-enriched air aggregate supply.
The wall of described combustion chamber uses the beautiful ceramic material of half steel to make.
Atomizer inserts atomizer jack 4, and water-coal-slurry is sent into atomizer through piping, sprays into combustion chamber 6 through the atomizer jack again.Atomizer is common water-coal-slurry atomizer, omits its structure here.Oxygen-enriched air enters ring-like gas tank 3 through oxygen rich air conduit 5, and by the ejection at a high speed of tangential air port 8, it is for the helical movement to drive water-coal-slurry atomized droplet group and flame through conduit.Cool water mixture burning reacts extremely fierce under strong stirring, combustion flame ejection burner.
For lime-ash after making cool water mixture burning is got rid of burner smoothly, the present invention adopts the binomial measure, and (1) is installed in the below of center line with the water-coal-slurry atomizer, to form offset jet, increased the axial velocity of burner bottom flame, increased the motive force of flame lime-ash; (2) be provided with in the bottom of burner and blow the slag pore, combustion-supporting oxygen enrichment blows the slag air-flow by ring-like gas tank through blowing the ejection of slag pore, forming, and has increased the axial velocity of burner bottom flame, increases the motive force of flame to lime-ash.
Equipment antetheca of the present invention has thermal insulation layer and backplate, makes its preceding wall temperature lower, and it can not cause scald the human body contact.The periphery of combustion chamber coats guard ring, has strengthened the wearability and the robustness of equipment.
Use large space burning method of water coal slurry of the present invention and ignition installation of the present invention can realize water-coal-slurry smooth combustion at low temperatures, because water-coal-slurry is fierce burning in the combustion chamber, even the ignition installation outside has great wind-force and how low temperature, all can not stop the smooth combustion of water-coal-slurry and the ejection of thermal-flame, thereby firing coal-dust well, as shown in Figure 1.
Large space burning method of water coal slurry of the present invention has the following advantages.
Combustion method of the present invention makes the water-coal-slurry can smooth combustion in large space, do not need auxiliary thermal source, has overcome the problem that water-coal-slurry in the prior art can not normal combustion under the low temperature in air.
Combustion method of the present invention is in " oxygen debt burning ".Because the oxygen undersupply, incomplete combustion produces a certain amount of CO and H in the flame
2, belong to oxygen debt semi-coal gas burning, have advantage: 1. reduce the generation of nitrogen oxide, improve the feature of environmental protection of this method; 2. reduce the consumption of combustion-supporting oxygen, improve the economy of this method; 3. the torch that burns is rich in combustible component, is equivalent to the high-temperature water gas air-flow, carries out second-time burning in containing the large space of oxygen, thereby has suppressed thermal NO, has reduced environmental pollution.
Combustion method of the present invention more economically, conveniently and reliably.Because this method can realize the water-coal-slurry large space burning, make water-coal-slurry can substitute the igniting that diesel oil or heavy oil are used for large-scale pulverized coal boiler.Compare with plasma ignition, equipment of the present invention is few, and cost of investment significantly reduces, and does not need the complex installation process.Compare with electrical heating is combustion-supporting, power consumption is low.
Because water-coal-slurry contains moisture 30% or more, the water-coal-slurry oxygen-enriched combusting method is as safe as a house, can detonation even rekindle after stopping working also not, even entering stock line, oxygen enrichment can not explode yet.
Ignition installation of the present invention adopts the beautiful ceramic material of half steel to make, and the combustion chamber antetheca is provided with annular gas tank, thereby the combustion chamber peripheral temperature is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of water-coal-slurry large space burning firing coal-dust of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section that is used for the equipment of water-coal-slurry large space burning of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the left view of the equipment of water-coal-slurry large space burning of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of Fig. 2 along the A-A line.
The specific embodiment
Further explain the present invention in the mode of embodiment below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
The percentage by weight of the water-coal-slurry of using is composed as follows:
69% dry coal powder, 30% water and 1% chemical addition agent.
Water-coal-slurry is entered combustion chamber 6 with the flow of 400kg/h from atomizer; With the oxygen volume percent content is that 80% gas is combustion adjuvant, with 440m
3The flow of/h enters annular gas tank 3 through oxygen rich air conduit 5, and most of gas sprays into combustion chamber 6 through conduit by tangential air port 8, lights the fierce burning in the combustion chamber of back water-coal-slurry, and ignition temperature can reach more than 2000 ℃.
Embodiment 2
The percentage by weight of the water-coal-slurry of using is composed as follows:
65% dry coal powder, 34% water and 1% chemical addition agent.
Water-coal-slurry is entered combustion chamber 6 with the flow of 400kg/h from atomizer; With the oxygen volume percent content is that 90% gas is combustion adjuvant, with 400m
3The flow of/h enters annular gas tank 3 through oxygen rich air conduit 5, and most of gas sprays into combustion chamber 6 through conduit by tangential air port 8, lights the fierce burning in the combustion chamber of back water-coal-slurry, and ignition temperature can reach more than 1900 ℃.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is further explained equipment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the big air burning method of water-coal-slurry of the present invention is used for the boiler of power plant igniting, use special equipment 1-1 metabolic water coal slurry of the present invention, burned flame sprays into the boiler firing coal-dust, coal dust and a wind 1-3 send into boiler, blast secondary wind 1-2 simultaneously, coal dust is smooth combustion under the lighting of water-coal-slurry flame.
Equipment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4.In Fig. 2, this equipment comprises combustion chamber 6, be positioned at the oxygen rich air conduit 5 of combustion chamber 6 antethecas, annular gas tank 3, atomizer jack 4, blow slag pore 11, igniting gas vent 9 and ignitor 10, be positioned at the tangential air port 8 of combustion chamber 6 sidewalls, described atomizer jack 4 is arranged in combustion chamber 6 antethecas and is in the center line below and combustion chamber 6 connections, described oxygen rich air conduit 5 and annular gas tank 3 are communicated with, described annular gas tank 3 and tangential air port 8 are communicated with, tangential air port 8 and combustion chamber 6 are communicated with, the described slag pore 11 that blows is positioned at described atomizer jack 5 belows, one end and annular gas tank 3 are communicated with, the other end and combustion chamber 6 are communicated with, and described igniting gas vent 9 and combustion chamber 6 are communicated with.The antetheca of combustion chamber 6 also has thermal insulation layer 2 and apron plate 1, the forward part of sidewall has guard ring 7, described thermal insulation layer 2 is fixed on the antetheca of combustion chamber 6, and described apron plate 1 is fixed on the described thermal insulation layer 2, and described guard ring 7 is centered around the outer of equipment forward part and places.The antetheca of combustion chamber 6 can also have flame and detect hole 12.
The axial location in described tangential air port 8 is apart from the front end 200mm of combustion chamber 6.The described gas flow that blows slag pore 11 is 4% of an oxygen-enriched air aggregate supply.The wall of described combustion chamber uses the beautiful ceramic material of half steel to make.
Atomizer inserts atomizer jack 4, and the water-coal-slurry of using among the embodiment 1 is sent into atomizer with the flow of 400kg/h through piping, sprays into combustion chamber 6 through 4 atomizings of atomizer jack again.Atomizer is common water-coal-slurry atomizer, omits its structure here.The oxygen-enriched air that contains 80 volume % oxygen is with 440m
3The flow of/h enters ring-like gas tank 3 through oxygen rich air conduit 5, sprays into combustion chamber 6 through conduit at a high speed by tangential air port 8 again, and coal gas feeds the combustion chamber through igniting gas vent 9 and lights the coal gas point combusting coal water slurry of burning through ignitor 10.For the helical movement by oxygen-enriched air drive water-coal-slurry atomized droplet group and flame that tangential air port 8 sprays into.Cool water mixture burning reacts extremely fierce under strong stirring, and combustion flame enters boiler of power plant burner hearth, firing coal-dust as shown in Figure 1 through flame ejiction opening ejection burner.
Claims (10)
1. large space burning method of water coal slurry, it is characterized in that, water-coal-slurry sprays into the combustion chamber through the atomizer atomizing, simultaneously the oxygen volume percent content is higher than 50% oxygen-enriched air and sprays into the combustion chamber at a high speed as combustion adjuvant, the oxygen quantity delivered is the 60-95% of the required theoretical amount of water-coal-slurry completing combustion, the water-coal-slurry of atomizing and the oxygen-enriched air mixed merging motion of spinning are lighted afterwards water-coal-slurry and are carried out large space burning.
2. large space burning method of water coal slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that the oxygen volume percent content is higher than 60% in the described oxygen-enriched air.
3. large space burning method of water coal slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described oxygen quantity delivered is the 70-90% of the required theoretical amount of water-coal-slurry completing combustion.
4. large space burning method of water coal slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that described oxygen-enriched air is prepared by pressure swing absorption process.
5. equipment that is used for the described large space burning method of water coal slurry of claim 1, it is characterized in that, it comprises the combustion chamber, be positioned at the oxygen rich air conduit of combustion chamber antetheca, the annular gas tank, the atomizer jack, blow the slag pore, igniting gas vent and ignitor, be positioned at the tangential air port of sidewall of combustion chamber, described atomizer jack is arranged in the combustion chamber antetheca and is in the center line below and the combustion chamber connection, described oxygen rich air conduit and annular gas tank are communicated with, described annular gas tank and tangential air port are communicated with, tangential air port and combustion chamber are communicated with, the described slag pore that blows is positioned at described atomizer jack below, one end and annular gas tank are communicated with, the other end and combustion chamber are communicated with, described igniting gas vent and combustion chamber are communicated with, and the other end of combustion chamber is the flame ejiction opening.
6. equipment according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, its antetheca has thermal insulation layer and apron plate, the forward part of sidewall has guard ring, described thermal insulation layer is fixed on the antetheca of combustion chamber, described apron plate is fixed on the described thermal insulation layer, and described guard ring is centered around the outer of equipment forward part and places.
7. equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that, its antetheca has flame and detects the hole.
8. equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that the axial location in described tangential air port is apart from chamber front end 150-300mm.
9. equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the described gas flow that blows the slag pore is the 3-5% of oxygen-enriched air aggregate supply.
10. equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the wall of described combustion chamber uses the beautiful ceramic material of half steel to make.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100966278A CN100390462C (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Large space burning method of water coal slurry and its special device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100966278A CN100390462C (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Large space burning method of water coal slurry and its special device |
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| CN1782493A true CN1782493A (en) | 2006-06-07 |
| CN100390462C CN100390462C (en) | 2008-05-28 |
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| CNB2004100966278A Expired - Fee Related CN100390462C (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Large space burning method of water coal slurry and its special device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100422641C (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2008-10-01 | 唐艳芬 | Cyclone burner and its operation method |
| CN101943404A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-01-12 | 贵阳超群实业有限公司 | Combustion method and structure for coal water slurry combustion furnace |
| CN102878554A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-01-16 | 浙江大学 | Combustor special for coal water slurry combustion type cracking furnace |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4294178A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-10-13 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Tangential firing system |
| CN1034761C (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1997-04-30 | 华煤水煤浆技术联合中心 | Water-coal pulp combustion and application technique for big heating furnaces of forging |
| CN1054080C (en) * | 1995-09-07 | 2000-07-05 | 华东理工大学 | Three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle with cyclone |
| CN1062587C (en) * | 1998-01-19 | 2001-02-28 | 华东理工大学 | Coal water slurry or pulverized coal gasifying furnace with oppositely arranged nozzles |
| CN2570634Y (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2003-09-03 | 东南大学 | Pulp and slurry pre-combustion apparatus |
-
2004
- 2004-12-03 CN CNB2004100966278A patent/CN100390462C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100422641C (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2008-10-01 | 唐艳芬 | Cyclone burner and its operation method |
| CN101943404A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-01-12 | 贵阳超群实业有限公司 | Combustion method and structure for coal water slurry combustion furnace |
| CN101943404B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-07-04 | 贵阳超群实业有限公司 | Combustion method and structure for coal water slurry combustion furnace |
| CN102878554A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-01-16 | 浙江大学 | Combustor special for coal water slurry combustion type cracking furnace |
| CN102878554B (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2015-02-25 | 浙江大学 | Combustor special for coal water slurry combustion type cracking furnace |
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| CN100390462C (en) | 2008-05-28 |
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Assignee: Suzhou Kete Environmental Protection Equipment Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Tang Yanfen Contract fulfillment period: 2009.6.19 to 2014.12.2 contract change Contract record no.: 2009320001076 Denomination of invention: Large space burning method of water coal slurry and its special device Granted publication date: 20080528 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.7.7 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2009.6.19 TO 2014.12.2; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: SUZHOU KETE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION EQUIPMENT CO., Effective date: 20090707 |
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Granted publication date: 20080528 Termination date: 20101203 |