CN102878554B - Combustor special for coal water slurry combustion type cracking furnace - Google Patents
Combustor special for coal water slurry combustion type cracking furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102878554B CN102878554B CN201210386704.8A CN201210386704A CN102878554B CN 102878554 B CN102878554 B CN 102878554B CN 201210386704 A CN201210386704 A CN 201210386704A CN 102878554 B CN102878554 B CN 102878554B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a combustor technology, and aims to provide a combustor special for a coal water slurry combustion type cracking furnace. A combustor main body is provided with a hollow pre-combustion chamber; a coal water slurry spray gun is arranged on the top of the pre-combustion chamber; a protecting sleeve, a gas jacket, a primary air pipe and a gas air sleeve are sequentially sleeved around the coal water supply spray gun; a secondary air pipe is connected to a plurality of secondary air outlets which are formed in the side surface of the top of the pre-combustion chamber; the secondary air outlets are uniformly distributed in a wall of the pre-combustion chamber at intervals; the same rotating included angles are formed between the secondary air outlets and the corresponding radial center lines; and an oil gun hole is also formed in the side surface of the top of the pre-combustion chamber, and an oil gun is inserted in the oil gun hole. The combustor can be powered by fuels such as coal water slurry, light diesel oil and hydrogen-methane/natural gas; the coal water slurry is mainly used and can replace the hydrogen-methane, and products with high additional values can be produced; and the combustor is switched over quickly and conveniently in a running process so as to meet requirements on various working conditions, labor can be saved by an automatic control system, and economical efficiency and operability are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of burner, relate in particular to a kind of burner special of combusting coal water slurry pyrolysis furnace.
Background technology
Oil is as a kind of strategic resource, and be also a kind of non-renewable resources, it has great effect to the economy of country and national defense safety simultaneously.Along with industrialized development, within 2010, crude output has broken through 200,000,000 tons, increases by 6.9% than last year, is most high growth in recent years.The fast development of national economy makes the domestic demand to oil in the large increase walked, although China is major oil producer, China's oil major part still dependence on import crude oil in China import in 2010 reaches 2.39 hundred million tons, increases by 17.5%.Petroleum import is too fast, and to cause the hidden danger of China's Petroleum Industry also to have many; such as contradiction between oil supply and demand is outstanding causes oil dependence on import too much and rapid development; trade in oil structure does not have clear improvement; the methods of conducting trade and import sources more single; trade in oil is large by international oil price influence of fluctuations, and oil foreign trade may cause oil crisis etc. problem.In the world, the fluctuation of international oil price is risen, and countries in the world will be made competitively to fight for oil, and being progressively consumed along with oil, this worldwide competition will be more fierce.
Natural gas is a kind of clean, convenient, safe high-grade energy, and its main component is methane (CH
4), if used as pyrolysis furnace fuel by natural gas, the irrational utilization of the energy will certainly be caused.The natural gas resource of China is relatively deficient; along with the enhancing of the quickening of urbanization process and the raising of living standards of the people and environmental protection consciousness; be quick growth to the demand of natural gas, the following domestic demand for natural gas can be predicted and all there is very large breach.At present, world's natural gas supply and demand is in a basic balance, but demand speedup is far longer than output speedup, the development of Natural Gas In China is very high to external dependency degree, how to reduce the consumption of natural gas, strengthen gas extraction, change Land use systems and improve utilization ratio, this is a problem needing to solve.
Domestic ethane cracking furnace of having gone into operation is be fuel with natural gas mostly, brings national energy development strategy into and when Gas Prices constantly rises, developing water coal slurry is necessary for gas technology along with energy-saving and emission-reduction.Domestic water coal slurry is very ripe for the research of oil tech, industrially also finds application.Water-coal-slurry is that water and coal mix according to a certain percentage, water-coal-slurry catch fire and smooth combustion have special requirement to burner.In order to meet the different operating conditions of pyrolysis furnace requirement and when cool water mixture burning goes wrong, combusting coal water slurry pyrolysis furnace needs carry out throwings oil and throwing fate row, to ensure the normal production of pyrolysis furnace.How to ensure catching fire and smooth combustion of water-coal-slurry, and in varied situations, pyrolysis furnace energy fuel oil and combustion gas run, and to obtain optimum condition, this is the problem that solution needed badly by combusting coal water slurry pyrolysis furnace burner.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of burner special being applicable to combusting coal water slurry pyrolysis furnace, at different working condition requirements, can meet combusting coal water slurry, the stable operation of fuel oil and combustion gas to be exclusively used in.
For technical solution problem, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of combusting coal water slurry type pyrolysis furnace burner special is provided, comprises water-coal-slurry spraying gun; Burner body has the edge of horizontal-extending and center is convex, forms the precombustion chamber of hollow; Establish water-coal-slurry spraying gun at the top of precombustion chamber, and centered by water-coal-slurry spraying gun sheathed protective casing, combustion gas chuck, primary air piping and combustion gas wind sleeve pipe successively; Secondary air channel is connected to several Secondary Airs outlet being opened in precombustion chamber top-side, and each Secondary Air outlet uniform intervals is laid on the wall of precombustion chamber, and each Secondary Air exports and forms identical rotation angle between corresponding radial centre lines; In the side at precombustion chamber top, be also provided with the oil gun hole for inserting oil gun.
Improve as one, in described primary air piping and combustion gas wind sleeve pipe, impeller cyclone is set respectively.
Improve as one, described oil gun hole has two, is large oil gun hole and small oil gun hole respectively.
Improve as one, the precombustion chamber of described hollow is cylindrical; The overfiren air port that its top-side is arranged has 10, and by predetermined angle in arranging clockwise.
Improve as one, be provided with flame detector at precombustion chamber top.
Improve as one, be provided with flame-observing hole at precombustion chamber top.
Improve as one, lay adiabator layer in the outside of described burner body.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, traditional pyrolysis furnace burner only carries out design and operation for single methane hydrogen fuel, and this burner can be adapted to water-coal-slurry, light diesel fuel, methane hydrogen/natural gas three kinds of fuel;
2, traditional pyrolysis furnace burner is with methane hydrogen for fuel, and cost is higher, and this burner mainly uses water-coal-slurry, can substitute out a large amount of methane hydrogen for the production of the higher product of added value;
3, three kinds of fuel adapting to of this burner can quick and convenient switching in running, to meet the requirement of various operating mode, coordinates automatic control system to save manpower, provides more choices also to the operation of pyrolysis furnace, improve its economy and operability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is combusting coal water slurry pyrolysis furnace burner special cross-sectional schematic;
Fig. 2 is combusting coal water slurry pyrolysis furnace burner special elevational schematic view.
Reference numeral: 1 water-coal-slurry spraying gun, 2 protective casings, 3 combustion gas chucks, 4 primary air piping, 5 combustion gas wind sleeve pipes, 6 adiabator layers, 7 impeller cyclones, 8 precombustion chambers, 9 secondary air channels, 10 Secondary Air outlets, 11 flame-observing holes, 12 flame detectors, 13 small oil gun holes, 14 large oil gun holes.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are set forth:
The main body of combusting coal water slurry type pyrolysis furnace burner special has the edge of horizontal-extending and center is convex, forms the precombustion chamber 8 of hollow; Establish water-coal-slurry spraying gun 1 at the top of precombustion chamber 8, and centered by water-coal-slurry spraying gun 1 sheathed protective casing 2, combustion gas chuck 3, primary air piping 4 and combustion gas wind sleeve pipe 5 successively.In primary air piping 4 and combustion gas wind sleeve pipe 5, impeller cyclone 7 is set respectively, to ensure that First air and combustion gas wind have tangential velocity.Secondary air channel 9 is connected to 10 Secondary Airs outlet 10 being opened in precombustion chamber 8 top-side, and each Secondary Air exports 10 uniform intervals and is laid on the wall of precombustion chamber 8, and with form identical rotation angle between corresponding radial centre lines, make it in arranging clockwise; In the side at precombustion chamber 8 top, be also provided with the small oil gun hole 13 for inserting oil gun, large oil gun hole 14.Flame-observing hole 11 and flame detector 12 is also provided with at precombustion chamber top.Adiabator layer 6 is laid in the outside of burner body.Flame detector 12 is used for detecting furnace flame situation, can feed back to the operation taking to be correlated with in control room timely when fire extinguishing appears in hearth combustion.Insert high-energy igniter when large oil gun hole 14 is mainly used in igniting, and when fuel oil operating mode, the oil gun that has high input runs; Small oil gun 13 is mainly lighted a fire with inserting small oil gun during igniting.The Main Function of precombustion chamber is the abundant mixing ensureing fuel and air, and the precombustion chamber Secondary Air of feeding forms swirling eddy in stove.
The present invention can realize the black furnace igniting of fuel oil and combustion gas, and can realize the quick switching of three kinds of fuel (oil, natural gas, water-coal-slurry), ensures the operation stability of pyrolysis furnace, have also been enlarged the fuel range of pyrolysis furnace, have very high value.
Working method:
The present invention can use light diesel when lighting a fire, and burner hearth being heated to certain temperature just can combusting coal water slurry.High-energy igniter is inserted into large oil gun hole 14 during igniting, then sprays into the light diesel of certain flow from small oil gun hole 13.After diesel oil is lighted, remove igniter immediately, then the flow of increasing fuel oil slowly, heating furnace is to equilibrium temperature.When needs run fuel oil operating mode, the oil gun that can have high input is to meet the burden requirement of pyrolysis furnace.
Be elevated to a certain degree in the oily smooth combustion of throwing and fire box temperature, can combusting coal water slurry operation be carried out.Using the pure air of uniform temperature and certain speed as First air, enter into precombustion chamber 8 from primary air nozzle 4 through impeller cyclone 7, mix with the water-coal-slurry atomizing particle sprayed into.Because the First air entering into precombustion chamber 8 has axis and tangential velocity, strong swirling eddy is formed, in the inside of swirling eddy, due to the effect of pressure reduction in precombustion chamber 8, the high-temperature flue gas of bottom has speed upwards, forms smoke backflow district in precombustion chamber 8.Mix from the water-coal-slurry atomizing particle of coal-water slurry nozzle ejection with high-temperature flue gas, the water contained by it evaporates rapidly, and dry pulverized coal particle moves with the high-temperature flue gas of backflow, coal dust ignition gradually in the process of moving.After water-coal-slurry smooth combustion, slowly can withdraw from oil gun.
Under different operating mode and when throwing oil throwing slurry goes wrong, pyrolysis furnace requires combustion gas to run, during the igniting of combustion gas black furnace, high-energy igniter is inserted small oil gun hole 13, by slowly opening burnt gas valve to prevent its detonation, combustion gas enters combustion gas chuck 3 from combustion gas wind entrance, sprays into precombustion chamber 8 through gas nozzle with certain speed, mix with First air and mix ignition rapidly, after combustion gas smooth combustion, withdraw from high-energy igniter.
In the present invention, the advantage of combusting coal water slurry pyrolysis furnace burner special is the quick and convenient switching of three kinds of fuel energy, to meet the requirement of various operating mode.When fuel oil operating mode incision combusting coal water slurry operating mode, spray into water-coal-slurry and just can burn.Equally, when cutting combustion gas operating mode, only need spray into combustion gas and just can burn, but now needing slowly to open burnt gas valve, preventing detonation.At three kinds of fuel when switching, only need ensure that last stable conditions runs, spraying into the fuel needing to switch, then withdrawing from last operating mode fuel.Facilitate on-the-spot operation like this, save manpower, provide more choices also to the operation of pyrolysis furnace, improve its economy and operability.
Claims (1)
1. a combusting coal water slurry type pyrolysis furnace burner special, comprises water-coal-slurry spraying gun, it is characterized in that, burner body has the edge of horizontal-extending and center is convex, forms the precombustion chamber of hollow, is provided with flame detector and flame-observing hole at precombustion chamber top; Precombustion chamber is cylindrical; The overfiren air port that its top-side is arranged has 10, and by predetermined angle in arranging clockwise; Establish water-coal-slurry spraying gun at the top of precombustion chamber, and centered by water-coal-slurry spraying gun sheathed protective casing, combustion gas chuck, primary air piping and combustion gas wind sleeve pipe successively, in primary air piping and combustion gas wind sleeve pipe, impeller cyclone is set respectively; Secondary air channel is connected to 10 overfiren air ports being opened in precombustion chamber top-side, and each overfiren air port uniform intervals is laid on the wall of precombustion chamber, forms identical rotation angle between each overfiren air port with corresponding radial centre lines; In the side at precombustion chamber top, be also provided with the oil gun hole for inserting oil gun, oil gun hole has two, is large oil gun hole and small oil gun hole respectively; Adiabator layer is laid in the outside of described burner body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210386704.8A CN102878554B (en) | 2012-10-12 | 2012-10-12 | Combustor special for coal water slurry combustion type cracking furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210386704.8A CN102878554B (en) | 2012-10-12 | 2012-10-12 | Combustor special for coal water slurry combustion type cracking furnace |
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| CN102878554A CN102878554A (en) | 2013-01-16 |
| CN102878554B true CN102878554B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106287691A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2017-01-04 | 四川天法科技有限公司 | A kind of water-coal-slurry injection boiler eddy flow low-NOx combustor of top layout |
| CN106813264A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-06-09 | 东方宏海新能源科技发展有限公司 | A kind of burner with high efficiency |
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| CN85100561A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-10 | 浙江大学 | Water-coal-slurry and coal dust boiler with precombustion chamber for burning |
| CN87100090A (en) * | 1986-01-08 | 1987-07-29 | 株式会社日立制作所 | The method and apparatus of burning coal-water mixed fuel |
| CN2306406Y (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 1999-02-03 | 华东理工大学 | Five-way load controllable water-coal fluid gasifying jet nozzle |
| CN2743707Y (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2005-11-30 | 江阴市锅炉容器厂 | Full automatic dual purpose burner using water coal slurry, gas as fuel |
| CN1782493A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-07 | 唐艳芬 | Large space burning method of water coal slurry and its special device |
| CN2804624Y (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2006-08-09 | 万启科 | Coal slurry boiler burner |
| CN102374526A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-03-14 | 贵州航空发动机研究所 | Low volatile coal water slurry combustion device |
| CN102408919A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-04-11 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Combustion nozzle combination device of multi-channel coal water slurry gasification furnace |
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2012
- 2012-10-12 CN CN201210386704.8A patent/CN102878554B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3489108A (en) * | 1967-09-20 | 1970-01-13 | Garver Davis Inc | Method of and apparatus for sludge disposal |
| CN85100561A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-10 | 浙江大学 | Water-coal-slurry and coal dust boiler with precombustion chamber for burning |
| CN87100090A (en) * | 1986-01-08 | 1987-07-29 | 株式会社日立制作所 | The method and apparatus of burning coal-water mixed fuel |
| CN2306406Y (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 1999-02-03 | 华东理工大学 | Five-way load controllable water-coal fluid gasifying jet nozzle |
| CN2743707Y (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2005-11-30 | 江阴市锅炉容器厂 | Full automatic dual purpose burner using water coal slurry, gas as fuel |
| CN1782493A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-07 | 唐艳芬 | Large space burning method of water coal slurry and its special device |
| CN2804624Y (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2006-08-09 | 万启科 | Coal slurry boiler burner |
| CN102374526A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-03-14 | 贵州航空发动机研究所 | Low volatile coal water slurry combustion device |
| CN102408919A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-04-11 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Combustion nozzle combination device of multi-channel coal water slurry gasification furnace |
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