CN1778664A - Micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes - Google Patents
Micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes Download PDFInfo
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- CN1778664A CN1778664A CN 200510030128 CN200510030128A CN1778664A CN 1778664 A CN1778664 A CN 1778664A CN 200510030128 CN200510030128 CN 200510030128 CN 200510030128 A CN200510030128 A CN 200510030128A CN 1778664 A CN1778664 A CN 1778664A
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Abstract
A process for micropatterning the carbon nanotubes includes such steps as preparing a carbon nanotube film, generating a mask layer on the carbon nanotube film for reactive ion etching, etching the carbon nanotubes by reactive ions to form the pattern of carbon nanotubes, and removing the mask layer.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the method in a kind of Micrometer-Nanometer Processing Technology field, specifically, is a kind of micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes.
Background technology
CNT is a kind of very nano material of property that has, and at micro-nano electronic device very wide application prospect is arranged.The application of CNT in the micro-nano electronic device mainly is to adopt micro-nano electronics process technology, realizes by various micrographics structures.At present, processing method commonly used generally all is that film-forming process and graphical technology are combined, and its mainstream technology comprises CVD (chemical vapour deposition (CVD)) technology and based on the pattern technology of CNT slurry.Wherein, the key feature of CVD pattern technology is: at first catalyst layer is carried out graphically, and then utilize technology such as chemical vapour deposition (CVD) carbon nano-tube on patterned catalyst layer.This shows, adopt CVD technology institute carbon nanotubes grown film to have the high advantage of configuration of surface control accuracy; For example, the carbon pipe level in the controlling diaphragm or perpendicular to matrix growth is evenly distributed, highly consistent; But also there are some limitation in the CVD technology, and it is very big restricted mainly to be that the selection of base material has, and film growth needs higher base reservoir temperature, easily causes the damage of other material and structure in the device preparation.Obviously, the CVD technology exist can not low temperature, the problem of large tracts of land, low-cost preparation CNT graphic structure.In addition, the resolution ratio of CNT figure is relevant with thickness, and thickness is thick more, and then the figure spacing is big more; Otherwise in the growth course of CNT,, thereby cause graphics resolution to reduce or component failure because the increase of carbon length of tube causes being in contact with one another between figure.Pattern technology based on the CNT slurry generally is will to mix mutually through CNT and some organic solvents that PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as dispersion, purification are crossed earlier, forms the CNT slurry; Utilize screen printing technique that slurry is coated on certain matrix then, to form specific figure.The main feature of this technology is, adopts by various low costs, high-quality, the technology of preparing that is suitable for volume production and obtains carbon nanometer tube material, and by certain preconditioning technique acquisition structure, form uniformity high-purity carbon nano tube material preferably; Also in carbon nanometer tube material, add various materials neatly, make it have some special nature; Film-forming temperature is relatively low, and the range of choice of base material is big, and processing technology is little to the influence of device material or structure; Be convenient to carry out low cost, large tracts of land, large batch of graphical processing.Yet, because the figure machining accuracy of screen printing technique itself is lower, and very poor with the micro fabrication compatibility, thereby be difficult to guarantee in the technology conversion, to have enough alignment precisions.Therefore, this technology still can not satisfy the preparation requirement of the three dimensional carbon nanotubes graphic structure of high accuracy, high-performance and certain depth-to-width ratio simultaneously.Though the serigraphy pattern technology solves CVD technology existing problems to a certain extent, still there are graphical precision, and the processing compatibility of other micro fabrication and the problems such as maintenance of the physical property behind the carbon tube nanometer tube figuring.Certainly, also adopt some common to form carbon nano-tube film, and then adopt other method to realize the graphical of CNT such as film build methods such as spin-coating method, cured resin method, the scraper methods of forming.But, be difficult to satisfy the preparation processing request of high accuracy, large scale and scale CNT owing to lack and the maturation of said method compatibility, high-precision graphic method at present.Therefore generally speaking, be subjected to considerable restraint, therefore also reduced the application level of whole carbon nano-tube material based on the film forming of CNT slurry and the application of pattern technology.
Find through literature search prior art, Young-Rae Cho is at vacuum science and technical journal (J.Vac.Sci.Technol.B 19.3., May/Jun 2001) on propose in " being applied to the carbon tube nanometer tube figuring technology of FED " (Patterning technology of carbon nanotubes for field emission display) literary composition of delivering: in the CNT slurry, add the proper proportion photosensitive material, form the CNT pasty film with the scraper forming method, use ultraviolet (UV) light source to carry out photoetching and development then, thereby obtain the figure of required CNT.Adopt that minimum clearance is 20～30 microns between the figure that this method obtains.Obviously, owing in the CNT slurry, add a certain proportion of photosensitive material, the not only feasible preparing process complexity that satisfies higher pattern precision photopolymer, and can produce adverse influence to the inherent characteristic and the function of CNT, and, graphical precision is also lower, therefore, is unfavorable for being applied as the basic technology of low cost, high efficiency, high accuracy, high-adaptability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes is proposed, make the graphical of its carbon nano-tube film that adapts to various heterogeneities and film build method formation better, make full use of the carbon tube nanometer tube figuring technical scheme of the graphical advantage of high accuracy of microelectronic technique simultaneously.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes following steps:
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film
With the CNT film forming, just carbon nano-tube film is covered substrate surface, form one deck carbon nano-tube film at substrate surface.
Described film forming, its method is unrestricted, for example adopts method for printing screen, spin-coating method, the scraper method of forming and chemical gaseous phase depositing process based on the CNT slurry.
Described method for printing screen is that CNT is mixed the slurry that forms with organic or inorganic additive, is printed on substrate surface with scraper and screen printing net plate.
Described spin-coating method is to substrate surface with the CNT slurry for rotary coating.
The described scraper method of forming is the scraper with smooth sword face, and the CNT slurry is entirely covered substrate surface.
Described chemical vapour deposition technique is on the substrate of carbon nano-tube, the direct growth carbon nano-tube film.
Described carbon nano-tube film is made up of single CNT, is perhaps mixed by CNT and organic or inorganic adding materials, and for example the composition of carbon nano-tube film comprises CNT, silver powder, terpinol and ethyl cellulose.
Described substrate is by one or more sandwich constructions that combine in metal material, dielectric material, the semi-conducting material, for example adopt silicon wafer, glass plate, micro-crystalline ceramic substrate, organic polymer body as substrate, this sandwich construction of sheet glass that perhaps adopts the surface deposition metallic film is as substrate.Simultaneously, substrate can carry out needed graphical treatment in advance.For example, with the metal thin-film pattern formation contact conductor that is deposited above the sheet glass.
(2) mask layer in the formation reactive ion etching on carbon nano-tube film, according to the composition of following three kinds of mask layers, select wherein a kind of processing technology:
1. positive glue mask layer: for thickness less than graphical less than 1 micron carbon nano-tube film of 5 microns, the surperficial discrepancy in elevation, spin coating 3-30 micron positive photoresist on carbon nano-tube film, exposure imaging makes photoresist produce required figure then, concrete exposure imaging parameter is decided according to photoresist thickness and exposure machine power, for example, 3 microns photoresist needs to expose 50 seconds in 275W mercury lamp exposure machine, developed 50 seconds; 30 microns photoresist then needed to expose 5 minutes, developed 5 minutes.The mask layer of graphical later photoresist layer during as reactive ion etching.
2. negative glue mask layer: for thickness less than 100 microns or the surperficial discrepancy in elevation carbon nano-tube film greater than 1 micron, spin coating and cutting form 50-250 micron SU-8 negative photoresist layer on carbon nano-tube film, exposure imaging makes photoresist produce required figure then, concrete exposure imaging parameter is decided according to photoresist thickness and exposure machine power, for example, 50 microns photoresist needs to expose 50 seconds in 275W mercury lamp exposure machine, developed 5 minutes; 250 microns photoresist then needed to expose 100 seconds, developed 6 minutes.The mask layer of the later photoresist layer of figure during as reactive ion etching.
3. metal mask layer: for the carbon nano-tube film of thickness less than 500 microns, above carbon nano-tube film, form the layer of metal mask layer, preferable metal mask composition is a nickel, preferable formation method has two kinds: (a) at carbon nano-tube film surface spin coating positive photoetching rubber, the desired anti-graphics that obtains figure of graphical formation, sputter one deck nickel through lift-off technology, has just formed the patterned nickel of one deck as mask layer above the carbon nano-tube film then.(b) the positive glue of spin coating one deck on carbon nano-tube film, then on the positive glue of this one deck successively sputter chromium and copper as the electroforming Seed Layer, 2 microns positive glue of spin coating on Seed Layer again, exposure imaging forms the photoresist electroformed mould later on, concrete exposure imaging parameter is decided according to photoresist thickness and exposure machine power, for example, in 275W mercury lamp exposure machine, need to expose 40 seconds, developed 50 seconds; Carry out the little electroforming of metal then, thickness is 2 microns, composition is a metallic nickel, after finishing, electroforming soaks with developer solution, remove the positive photoetching rubber mold, remove chromium-copper electroforming Seed Layer, soak with developer solution at last with the Ar plasma, removing the positive photoetching rubber below chromium-copper seed layer, is 2 microns nickel mask layer so just formed thickness above carbon nano-tube film.
(3) reactive ion etching CNT, according to following three kinds of operating modes and technological parameter thereof, select wherein a kind of formation CNT figure:
1. for the situation of positive photoetching rubber as mask, its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is CF
4And SF
6Gas flow is CF
4Be 10-50sccm, SF
6Be 2-30sccm.
2. for the situation of the negative positive photoetching rubber of SU-8 as mask, its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is CF
4And SF
6Gas flow is CF
4Be 10-50sccm, SF
6Be 2-30sccm; Operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.Perhaps, the etching gas composition is O
2Gas flow is O
2Be 5-100sccm; Operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.Perhaps, the etching gas composition is O
2And Ar; Gas flow is O
2Be 5-100sccm, Ar is 10-100sccm; Operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.
3. for the situation of metallic nickel as mask, its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is CF
4And SF
6Gas flow is CF
4Be 10-50sccm, SF
6Be 5-30sccm; Operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.Perhaps, the etching gas composition is O
2Gas flow is O
2Be 5-100sccm; Operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.Perhaps, the etching gas composition is O
2And Ar; Gas flow is O
2Be 5-100sccm, Ar is 10-100sccm; Operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.
(4) remove mask layer
After pattern etching is finished, soak to remove photoresist mask and metal mask with acetone or developer solution.If only need use the side of CNT figure, then do not need to remove mask layer.
The present invention utilizes needed CNT film build method, on needed substrate, form the carbon nano-tube film of required shape, area, thickness and composition characteristics, utilize the microelectronic processing technique of semi-conductor industry then, the patterned mask layer of formation one deck on carbon nano-tube film, the graphic feature of graphic feature that this mask layer had and the desired carbon nano-tube film that obtains is identical.After mask layer forms; under the protection of mask layer, utilize reactive ion etching graphing carbon nanotube film; the mechanism of etching is: in reactive ion etching machine under the effect of alternating electromagnetic field; charged particle in the plasma is accelerated; constantly bombard mask layer and carbon nano-tube film; some leans on the physical bombardment effect these particles; some leans on physical bombardment in conjunction with the chemical reaction effect; material in mask layer and the carbon nano-tube film is begun constantly to strip down from the surface; enter etching machine cavity; add gas circulation, reach the purpose of etching (removal) material.In this course, because the material of mask layer and carbon nano-tube film is different, some plasma just has very big difference for the two action intensity, just optionally mainly act on CNT in this case by this class plasma, thereby there is the part of mask layer protection to remain above making in the carbon nano-tube film, and above do not have the part of mask layer protection to be etched away, and then the formation CNT film pattern identical with the mask layer figure; Another kind of plasma is basic identical for the effect of mask and carbon nano-tube film, in this case as long as mask is thicker than carbon nano-tube film, just the carbon nano-tube film below the mask layer is remained, and other parts are got rid of, thereby realize the graphical of carbon nano-tube film.
The present invention has organically utilized photoetching, masking process and the reactive ion etching process of maturation in the microelectronic processing technique, the carbon nano-tube film that adopts the different components that various film-forming process such as serigraphy, spin-coating method, the scraper method of forming form is carried out micrographics processing, to obtain high-precision CNT micrographics.The present invention has that Technological adaptability is strong or compatible good, planar processing precision reaches the following order of magnitude of sub-micron.Technological adaptability is embodied in following two aspects: at first be that carbon nano-tube film to heterogeneity and thickness all reaches higher graphical efficient and quality, next is that different CNT film build methods and other micro fabrications are had good compatibility, therefore makes the overlay alignment precision of patterned carbon nano tube structure and associated process steps less than sub-micrometer scale.The present invention helps large tracts of land processing, is specially adapted to utilize the micro element preparation of carbon nano-tube film surface or its side wall construction performance.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film: in the present embodiment, the preparation process of carbon nano-tube film comprises following content: (a) substrate is the simple glass sheet of 1.2 millimeters of thickness and the conductive layer that deposits on sheet glass, conductive layer adopts chromium gold structure of composite membrane in the present embodiment, and upper strata gold film thickness is 2700 Ethylmercurichlorendimides; Lower floor's chromium layer is 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, and the effect of chromium mainly is the adhesion of enhancing and matrix; (b) with method for printing screen coated carbon nanotube films on (a) described substrate, its average thickness is about 5 microns, and surface height difference is less than 500 nanometers.Serigraphy is 350 orders with the order number of silk screen plate.The CNT slurry is to be that 11: 1 organic ink and CNT stir through ball milling and formed in 1 hour by mass ratio, and wherein, the composition of organic solvent is that mass ratio is 100: 3 terpinol and an ethyl cellulose; CNT is many walls carbon pipe, and average diameter is greatly about 50 nanometers, and average length about 15 microns, is purified through the peracid treatment method before using greatly, removes metallic catalyst.For the carbon pipe is fully disperseed, increase its dispersiveness and uniformity with ball grinding method.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof are heated to 350 degrees centigrade after the film forming in heat-treatment furnace, are incubated 30 minutes, cool off with stove then.
(2) formation of mask pattern: in the present embodiment, mask material is a positive photoresist, and thickness is 30 microns, forms required mask pattern through exposure imaging, needs to expose 5 minutes in 275 watts of mercury lamp exposure machines, develops 5 minutes.
(3) reactive ion etching CNT: the etching gas composition is CF4 and SF6, and gas flow is that CF4 is 10sccm, and SF6 is 2sccm, and operating air pressure is 30mTorr, and etch period is 2 hours.
(4) remove mask layer: soak with acetone, remove positive glue mask layer.
The etching figure of Huo Deing is a comb-shape electrode structure at last, and electrode is a positive shape, and minimum spacing is 5 microns between electrode, and the CNT film thickness is 3 microns, and with respect to the photoresist figure, the CNT figure shrinks 0.5%, and etching speed is 0.04 micron/minute.
Embodiment two
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film: in the present embodiment, the preparation process of carbon nano-tube film comprises following content: (a) substrate is the simple glass sheet of 1.2 millimeters of thickness and the conductive layer that deposits on sheet glass, conductive layer adopts chromium gold structure of composite membrane in the present embodiment, upper strata gold film thickness is 2700 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, lower floor's chromium layer is 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, the effect of chromium mainly is the adhesion of enhancing and matrix, and conductive layer is through graphical metal lead wire figure and the alignment symbology figure of forming; (b) with method for printing screen coated carbon nanotube films on (a) described substrate, its average thickness is about 5 microns, and surface height difference is less than 500 nanometers.Serigraphy is 350 orders with the order number of silk screen plate, figure that silk screen plate comprises and conducting layer figure alignment, and alignment precision is about 30 microns.The CNT slurry is to be that 8: 1 organic ink and CNT stir through ball milling and formed in 1 hour by mass ratio, and wherein, the composition of organic solvent is that mass ratio is 100: 1 terpinol and an ethyl cellulose; CNT is many walls carbon pipe, and average diameter is greatly about 10 nanometers, and average length about 5 microns, is purified through the peracid treatment method before using greatly, removes metallic catalyst.For the carbon pipe is fully disperseed, increase its dispersiveness and uniformity with ball grinding method.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof are heated to 350 degrees centigrade after the film forming in heat-treatment furnace, are incubated 30 minutes, cool off with stove then.
(2) formation of mask pattern: in the present embodiment, mask material is a positive photoresist, and thickness is 3 microns, forms required mask pattern through exposure imaging, need carry out alignment with substrate figure and CNT film pattern when exposure.Concrete technological parameter is: need to expose 50 seconds in 275 watts of mercury lamp exposure machines, developed 50 seconds.
(3) reactive ion etching CNT: etching gas is CF4 and SF6, and gas flow is that CF4 is 50sccm, and SF6 is 30sccm, and operating air pressure is 100mTorr, and etch period is 15 minutes.
(4) remove mask layer: soak with acetone, remove positive glue mask layer.
The final figure that forms is the array of 3.5 * 3.5 microns CNT square shaped cells, and the horizontal vertical center distance in unit is 8 microns, compares with mask pattern, and the CNT pattern edge shrinks 8%, and etching speed is 0.1 micron/minute.Utilize field emission scanning electron microscope, through the observation of removing photoresist front and back sample surfaces pattern is found that the carbon nano-tube film surface topography before and after the removal photoresist is without any observed variation.
Embodiment three
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film: in the present embodiment, the preparation process of carbon nano-tube film comprises following content: (a) substrate is 3 inches monocrystalline silicon pieces of 0.5 millimeter of thickness, silicon chip surface generates the silica of 2 micron thickness through thermal oxide, depositing conducting layer on silicon chip again, conductive layer adopts chromium gold structure of composite membrane in the present embodiment, and upper strata gold film thickness is 2700 Ethylmercurichlorendimides; Lower floor's chromium layer is 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, and the effect of chromium mainly is the adhesion of enhancing and matrix; (b) with method for printing screen coated carbon nanotube films on (a) described substrate, its average thickness is about 5 microns, and surface height difference is less than 500 nanometers.Serigraphy is 350 orders with the order number of silk screen plate.The CNT slurry is to be that 11: 1: 0.1 organic ink, CNT and 100 nano particle size silver particles stir through ball milling and formed in 1 hour by mass ratio, and wherein, the composition of organic solvent is that mass ratio is 100: 2 terpinol and an ethyl cellulose; CNT is many walls carbon pipe, and average diameter is greatly about 50 nanometers, and average length about 15 microns, is purified through the peracid treatment method before using greatly, removes metallic catalyst.For the carbon pipe is fully disperseed, increase its dispersiveness and uniformity with ball grinding method.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof are heated to 300 degrees centigrade after the film forming in heat-treatment furnace, are incubated 30 minutes, cool off with stove then.
(2) formation of mask pattern: in the present embodiment, mask material is a positive photoresist, and thickness is 15 microns, forms required mask pattern through exposure imaging, needs to expose 65 seconds in 275 watts of mercury lamp exposure machines, develops 100 seconds.
(3) reactive ion etching CNT: etching gas is CF4 and SF6, and gas flow is that CF4 is 25sccm, and SF6 is 15sccm, and operating air pressure is 50mTorr, and etch period is 90 minutes.
(4) the desired structure that obtains of this example does not need to use the forward surface of CNT figure, and is to use its sidewall, so the photoresist mask is not removed.
The final figure that forms is 20 * 20 microns CNT rectangular element arrays, has 20 microns spacing to separate between per two rectangles, compares with mask pattern, and the CNT pattern edge shrinks 6%, and etching speed is 0.02 micron/minute.
Embodiment four
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film: in the present embodiment, the preparation process of carbon nano-tube film comprises following content: (a) substrate is the simple glass sheet of 1.2 millimeters of thickness and the conductive layer that deposits on sheet glass, conductive layer adopts chromium gold structure of composite membrane in the present embodiment, and upper strata gold film thickness is 2700 Ethylmercurichlorendimides; Lower floor's chromium layer is 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, and the effect of chromium mainly is the adhesion of enhancing and matrix; (b) with spin coating method coated carbon nanotube films on (a) described substrate, its average thickness is about 20 microns, and surface height difference is less than 2 microns.The rotating speed of turntable is 500 rev/mins.The CNT slurry is to be that 10: 1 organic ink and CNT stir through ball milling and formed in 1 hour by mass ratio, and wherein, the composition of organic solvent is that mass ratio is 100: 2 terpinol and an ethyl cellulose; CNT is many walls carbon pipe, and average diameter is greatly about 10 nanometers, and average length about 5 microns, is purified through the peracid treatment method before using greatly, removes metallic catalyst.For the carbon pipe is fully disperseed, increase its dispersiveness and uniformity with ball grinding method.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof are heated to 250 degrees centigrade after the film forming in heat-treatment furnace, are incubated 30 minutes, cool off with stove then.
(2) formation of mask pattern: in the present embodiment, mask material is the SU-8 negative photoresist, and thickness is 50 microns, forms required mask pattern through exposure imaging, needs to expose 50 seconds in 275 watts of mercury lamp exposure machines, develops 5 minutes.Through after the exposure imaging, whole substrate and top layers of material thereof were handled 90 minutes 180 degrees centigrade of following heat preservation hot, cooled off with stove then.
(3) reactive ion etching CNT: etching gas is O
2, gas flow is 5sccm, and operating air pressure is 30mTorr, and etch period is 70 minutes;
(4) remove mask layer: soak with acetone or developer solution, remove mask layer.
The etching figure that obtains at last is many complicated CNT girder constructions, and the spacing difference of each beam, minimum spacing are 35 microns, average thickness is 20 microns, etching speed is 0.3 micron/minute, and with respect to the photoresist mask layer figure, the CNT pattern edge is punctured into 0.5 micron.
Embodiment five
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film: in the present embodiment, the preparation process of carbon nano-tube film comprises following content: (a) substrate is the simple glass sheet of 1.2 millimeters of thickness and the conductive layer that deposits on sheet glass, conductive layer adopts chromium gold structure of composite membrane in the present embodiment, and upper strata gold film thickness is 2700 Ethylmercurichlorendimides; Lower floor's chromium layer is 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, and the effect of chromium mainly is the adhesion of enhancing and matrix; (b) with spin coating method coated carbon nanotube films on (a) described substrate, its average thickness is about 25 microns, and surface height difference is less than 2 microns.The rotating speed of turntable is 450 rev/mins.The CNT slurry is to be that 9.5: 1 organic ink and CNT stir through ball milling and formed in 1 hour by mass ratio, and wherein, the composition of organic solvent is that mass ratio is 100: 2.5 terpinol and an ethyl cellulose; CNT is many walls carbon pipe, and average diameter is greatly about 50 nanometers, and average length about 15 microns, is purified through the peracid treatment method before using greatly, removes metallic catalyst.For the carbon pipe is fully disperseed, increase its dispersiveness and uniformity with ball grinding method.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof are heated to 250 degrees centigrade after the film forming in heat-treatment furnace, are incubated 30 minutes, cool off with stove then.
(2) formation of mask pattern: in the present embodiment, mask material is the SU-8 negative photoresist, and thickness is 150 microns, forms required mask pattern through exposure imaging, needs to expose 70 seconds in 275 watts of mercury lamp exposure machines, develops 5 minutes.Through after the exposure imaging, whole substrate and top layers of material thereof were handled 90 minutes 180 degrees centigrade of following heat preservation hot, cooled off with stove then.
(3) reactive ion etching CNT: etching gas is O
2, gas flow is 100sccm, and operating air pressure is 100mTorr, and etch period is 25 minutes;
(4) the desired structure that obtains of this example does not need to use the forward surface of CNT figure, and is to use its sidewall, so the photoresist mask is not removed.
The figure of processing is a comb-shape electrode structure, and minimum spacing is 50 microns between electrode.Etching speed is 1 micron/minute, and with respect to the photoresist mask layer figure, the CNT pattern edge is punctured into 3 microns.
Embodiment six
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film: in the present embodiment, the preparation process of carbon nano-tube film comprises following content: (a) substrate is the simple glass sheet of 1.2 millimeters of thickness and the conductive layer that deposits on sheet glass, conductive layer adopts chromium gold structure of composite membrane in the present embodiment, and upper strata gold film thickness is 2700 Ethylmercurichlorendimides; Lower floor's chromium layer is 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, and the effect of chromium mainly is the adhesion of enhancing and matrix; (b) with spin coating method coated carbon nanotube films on (a) described substrate, its average thickness is about 25 microns, and surface height difference is less than 2 microns.The rotating speed of turntable is 450 rev/mins.The CNT slurry is to be that 9.5: 1 organic ink and CNT stir through ball milling and formed in 1 hour by mass ratio, and wherein, the composition of organic solvent is that mass ratio is 100: 2.5 terpinol and an ethyl cellulose; CNT is many walls carbon pipe, and average diameter is greatly about 50 nanometers, and average length about 15 microns, is purified through the peracid treatment method before using greatly, removes metallic catalyst.For the carbon pipe is fully disperseed, increase its dispersiveness and uniformity with ball grinding method.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof are heated to 250 degrees centigrade after the film forming in heat-treatment furnace, are incubated 30 minutes, cool off with stove then.
(2) formation of mask pattern: in the present embodiment, mask material is the SU-8 negative photoresist, and thickness is 250 microns, forms required mask pattern through exposure imaging, needs to expose 100 seconds in 275 watts of mercury lamp exposure machines, develops 6 minutes.Through after the exposure imaging, whole substrate and top layers of material thereof were handled 90 minutes 180 degrees centigrade of following heat preservation hot, cooled off with stove then.
(3) reactive ion etching CNT: etching gas is O
2, gas flow is 55sccm, and operating air pressure is 50mTorr, and etch period is 50 minutes;
(4) the desired structure that obtains of this example does not need to use the forward surface of CNT figure, and is to use its sidewall, so the photoresist mask is not removed.
The figure of processing is a comb-shape electrode structure, and minimum spacing is 50 microns between electrode.Etching speed is 0.5 micron/minute, and with respect to the photoresist mask layer figure, the CNT pattern edge is punctured into 3.5 microns.
Embodiment seven
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film: in the present embodiment, the preparation process of carbon nano-tube film comprises following content: (a) substrate is the simple glass sheet of 1.2 millimeters of thickness and the conductive layer that deposits on sheet glass, conductive layer adopts chromium gold structure of composite membrane in the present embodiment, and upper strata gold film thickness is 2700 Ethylmercurichlorendimides; Lower floor's chromium layer is 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, and the effect of chromium mainly is the adhesion of enhancing and matrix; (b) with spin coating method coated carbon nanotube films on (a) described substrate, its average thickness is about 32 microns, and surface height difference is less than 2 microns.The rotating speed of turntable is 400 rev/mins.The CNT slurry is to be that 9: 1 organic ink and CNT stir through ball milling and formed in 1 hour by mass ratio, and wherein, the composition of organic solvent is that mass ratio is 100: 1.5 terpinol and an ethyl cellulose; CNT is many walls carbon pipe, and average diameter is greatly about 50 nanometers, and average length about 15 microns, is purified through the peracid treatment method before using greatly, removes metallic catalyst.For the carbon pipe is fully disperseed, increase its dispersiveness and uniformity with ball grinding method.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof are heated to 250 degrees centigrade after the film forming in heat-treatment furnace, are incubated 30 minutes, cool off with stove then.
(2) formation of mask pattern: at first, spin coating positive photoresist layer on carbon nano-tube film, its thickness is greater than 5 microns of its surperficial discrepancy in elevation, sputter electroforming Seed Layer on the photoresist after the exposure then is specially the duplicature that the copper of the chromium of 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides and 500 Ethylmercurichlorendimides is formed, again spin coating positive photoresist thereon, thickness is 2 microns, exposure imaging forms photoresist electroformed mould figure later on, and concrete exposure imaging parameter is: need to expose 40 seconds in 275 watts of mercury lamp exposure machines, developed 50 seconds.After little mold forms, carry out the little electroforming of metal, electroforming material is a nickel, and the electroforming area is 25 square centimeters, and current density is 0.2 milliampere every square centimeter, and electroforming thickness is 2 microns; After electroforming is finished, soak 2 minutes little molds of removal photoresist with developer solution, remove chromium-copper seed layer with the Ar plasma, then print is placed in 275 watts of exposure machines and exposed 5 minutes, soaking 3 minutes with developer solution then, is 2 microns reactive ion etching nickel mask layer figure so just formed thickness;
(3) reactive ion etching CNT: etching gas is O
2And Ar, gas flow is O
2Be 100sccm, Ar is 100sccm, and operating air pressure 100mTorr, etch period are 10 minutes;
(4) soak print 30 minutes with acetone, remove mask layer.
The figure of processing is a comb-shape electrode structure, and minimum spacing is 35 microns between electrode.Etching speed is 2 microns/minute, and with respect to the photoresist mask layer figure, the CNT pattern edge is punctured into 1.8 microns.
Embodiment eight
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film: in the present embodiment, the preparation process of carbon nano-tube film comprises following content: (a) substrate is 3 inches monocrystalline silicon pieces of 0.5 millimeter of thickness, silicon chip surface generates the silica of 2 micron thickness through thermal oxide, depositing conducting layer on silicon chip again, conductive layer adopts chromium gold structure of composite membrane in the present embodiment, and upper strata gold film thickness is 2700 Ethylmercurichlorendimides; Lower floor's chromium layer is 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, and the effect of chromium mainly is the adhesion of enhancing and matrix; (b) with method for printing screen coated carbon nanotube films on (a) described substrate, its average thickness is about 10 microns, and surface height difference is less than 500 nanometers.Serigraphy is 100 orders with the order number of silk screen plate.The CNT slurry is to be that 11: 1: 0.1 organic ink, CNT and 100 nano particle size silver particles stir through ball milling and formed in 1 hour by mass ratio, and wherein, the composition of organic solvent is that mass ratio is 100: 1 terpinol and an ethyl cellulose; CNT is many walls carbon pipe, and average diameter is greatly about 10 nanometers, and average length about 5 microns, is purified through the peracid treatment method before using greatly, removes metallic catalyst.For the carbon pipe is fully disperseed, increase its dispersiveness and uniformity with ball grinding method.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof are heated to 250 degrees centigrade after the film forming in heat-treatment furnace, are incubated 30 minutes, cool off with stove then.
(2) formation of mask pattern: mask material is the SU-8 negative photoresist, and thickness is 150 microns.Through after the exposure imaging, form mask pattern, in 275 watts of mercury lamp exposure machines, need to expose 70 seconds, developed 5 minutes.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof were handled 20 minutes 240 degrees centigrade of following heat preservation hot, cooled off with stove then.
(3) reactive ion etching CNT: etching gas is O
2And Ar, gas flow is O
2Be 5sccm, Ar is 10sccm, and operating air pressure 30mTorr, etch period are 200 minutes;
(4) the desired structure that obtains of this example does not need to use the forward surface of CNT figure, and is to use its sidewall, so the photoresist mask is not removed.
The figure of processing is a comb-shape electrode structure, and minimum spacing is 55 microns between electrode.Etching speed is 0.05 micron/minute, and with respect to the photoresist mask layer figure, the CNT pattern edge is punctured into 0.5 micron.
Embodiment nine
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film: in the present embodiment, the preparation process of carbon nano-tube film comprises following content: (a) substrate is the simple glass sheet of 1.2 millimeters of thickness and the conductive layer that deposits on sheet glass, conductive layer adopts chromium gold structure of composite membrane in the present embodiment, and upper strata gold film thickness is 2700 Ethylmercurichlorendimides; Lower floor's chromium layer is 300 Ethylmercurichlorendimides, and the effect of chromium mainly is the adhesion of enhancing and matrix; (b) with method for printing screen coated carbon nanotube films on (a) described substrate, its average thickness is about 7.5 microns, and surface height difference is less than 300 nanometers.Serigraphy is 150 orders with the order number of silk screen plate.The CNT slurry is to be that 11: 1 organic ink and CNT stir through ball milling and formed in 1 hour by mass ratio, and wherein, the composition of organic solvent is that mass ratio is that 100: 1.5: 1 terpinol, ethyl cellulose and lecithin is formed; CNT is many walls carbon pipe, and average diameter is greatly about 10 nanometers, and average length about 5 microns, is purified through the peracid treatment method before using greatly, removes metallic catalyst.For the carbon pipe is fully disperseed, increase its dispersiveness and uniformity with ball grinding method.Whole substrate and top layers of material thereof are heated to 250 degrees centigrade after the film forming in heat-treatment furnace, are incubated 30 minutes, cool off with stove then.
(2) formation of mask pattern: at carbon nano-tube film surface spin coating positive photoresist, its thickness is 30 microns, behind the photoetching development, form the desired anti-graphics that obtains figure, concrete technological parameter is that exposure is 5 minutes in 275 watts of exposure machines, developed 5 minutes, sputter one layer thickness is 0.5 micron a nickel then, through lift-off technology, has formed the patterned nickel mask layer of one deck above the carbon nano-tube film;
(3) reactive ion etching CNT: etching gas is O
2And Ar, gas flow is O
2Be 55sccm, Ar is 55sccm, and operating air pressure 60mTorr, etch period are 60 minutes;
(4) the desired structure that obtains of this example does not need to use the forward surface of CNT figure, and is to use its sidewall, so the photoresist mask is not removed.
The figure of processing is a comb-shape electrode structure, and minimum spacing is 35 microns between electrode.Etching speed is 0.2 micron/minute, and with respect to the photoresist mask layer figure, the CNT pattern edge is punctured into 1.5 microns.
Claims (10)
1. a micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of carbon nano-tube film:
With the CNT film forming, just carbon nano-tube film is covered substrate surface, form one deck carbon nano-tube film at substrate surface;
(2) mask layer in the formation reactive ion etching on carbon nano-tube film, according to the composition of following three kinds of mask layers, select wherein a kind of processing technology:
1. positive glue mask layer: for thickness less than graphical less than 1 micron carbon nano-tube film of 5 microns, the surperficial discrepancy in elevation, spin coating positive photoresist on carbon nano-tube film, exposure imaging makes photoresist produce required figure then, the mask layer of graphical later photoresist layer during as reactive ion etching;
2. negative glue mask layer: for thickness less than 100 microns or the surperficial discrepancy in elevation carbon nano-tube film greater than 1 micron, spin coating and cutting form the negative photoresist layer on carbon nano-tube film, exposure imaging makes photoresist produce required figure then, the mask layer of the later photoresist layer of figure during as reactive ion etching;
3. metal mask layer:, above carbon nano-tube film, form the layer of metal mask layer for the carbon nano-tube film of thickness less than 500 microns;
(3) reactive ion etching CNT, according to following three kinds of operating modes and technological parameter thereof, select wherein a kind of formation CNT figure:
1. for the situation of positive photoetching rubber as mask, its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is CF
4And SF
6, CF
4Gas flow be 10-50sccm, SF
6Gas flow be 2-30sccm;
2. for the situation of the negative positive photoetching rubber of SU-8 as mask, its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is CF
4And SF
6, CF
4Gas flow be 10-50sccm, SF
6Gas flow be 2-30sccm, operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr;
3. for the situation of metallic nickel as mask, its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is CF
4And SF
6, CF
4Gas flow be 10-50sccm, SF
6Gas flow be 5-30sccm, operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr;
(4) remove mask layer:
After pattern etching is finished, soak to remove photoresist mask and metal mask with acetone or developer solution.
2. micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes according to claim 1 is characterized in that described carbon nano-tube film is made up of single CNT, is perhaps mixed by CNT and organic or inorganic adding materials; Described substrate is by one or more sandwich constructions that combine in metal material, dielectric material, the semi-conducting material.
3. micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described metal mask layer, its formation method has two kinds: (a) at carbon nano-tube film surface spin coating positive photoetching rubber, the desired anti-graphics that obtains figure of graphical formation, sputter one deck nickel through lift-off technology, has just formed the patterned nickel of one deck as mask layer above the carbon nano-tube film then; (b) the positive glue of spin coating one deck on carbon nano-tube film, then on the positive glue of this one deck successively sputter chromium and copper as the electroforming Seed Layer, 2 microns positive glue of spin coating on Seed Layer again, exposure imaging forms the photoresist electroformed mould later on.
4. micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described positive glue mask layer, and its processing method is meant spin coating 3-30 micron positive photoresist on carbon nano-tube film; Described positive glue mask layer, its exposure imaging are meant that 3 microns photoresist needs to expose 50 seconds in 275W mercury lamp exposure machine, developed 50 seconds; Described positive glue mask layer, its exposure imaging are meant that 30 microns photoresist then needed to expose 5 minutes, develop 5 minutes.
5. micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described negative glue mask layer, and its processing method is meant spin coating and cutting formation 50-250 micron SU-8 negative photoresist layer on carbon nano-tube film; Described negative glue mask layer, its exposure imaging is meant 50 microns photoresist, in 275W mercury lamp exposure machine, needs exposure 50 seconds, develops 5 minutes; Described negative glue mask layer, its exposure imaging is meant 250 microns photoresist, needs exposure 100 seconds, develops 6 minutes.
6. micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described metal mask layer, its formation method is: need to expose 40 seconds in 275W mercury lamp exposure machine, developed 50 seconds, carry out the little electroforming of metal then, thickness is 2 microns, composition is a metallic nickel, soaks with developer solution after electroforming is finished, and removes the positive photoetching rubber mold, remove chromium-copper electroforming Seed Layer with the Ar plasma, soaking with developer solution at last, remove the positive photoetching rubber below chromium-copper seed layer, is 2 microns nickel mask layer so just formed thickness above carbon nano-tube film.
7. micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the negative positive photoetching rubber of described SU-8 is as the situation of mask, and its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is O
2, gas flow is O
2Be 5-100sccm, operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.
8. according to claim 1 or 7 described micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes, it is characterized in that the negative positive photoetching rubber of described SU-8 is as the situation of mask, its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is O
2And Ar, gas flow is O
2Be 5-100sccm, Ar is 10-100sccm, and operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.
9. micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described metallic nickel is as the situation of mask, and its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is O
2, O
2Gas flow be 5-100sccm, operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.
10. according to claim 1 or 9 described micrographic treatment of carbon nanometer tubes, it is characterized in that described metallic nickel is as the situation of mask, its concrete technological parameter is: the etching gas composition is O
2And Ar, O
2Gas flow be 5-100sccm, the gas flow of Ar is 10-100sccm, operating air pressure is 30-100mTorr.
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