Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of allocation method and a kind of measurement mechanism, adopt these methods can very accurately and apace settle the concrete prefabricated structural board of a runway.
The object of the invention solves by the described a kind of allocation method of the feature of independent claims and a kind of measurement mechanism.
According to method of the present invention, settle the position of concrete prefabricated structural board, be particularly useful for having the fixed running track of the vehicles of running at high speed of rail car.Precast member board usually waters foundry goods by a hardenable bottom and a base plate bearing bed constitutes.The position of precast member board is changeable water foundry goods bottom putting into before.According to first precast member board of the present invention, placed and securing second precast member board according to a predetermined route and one, be placed into the desired position.One end of first precast member board that this moment is adjacent with second precast member board is measured by the axial displacement and/or the angular displacement of second precast member board, settles then.According to method of the present invention, can build the predetermined running route that has concrete prefabricated structural board fast and easily.Interconnected precast member board is formed running route continuously on the position of reserving in advance.Resulting tolerance is minimum herein, and the construction for track has kept enough space like this, to keep desired gross tolerance.
Favourable part is that the free end of precast member board can be settled by traditional geodesic method, can guarantee that thus running route is on desired position.On the other hand, by according to the axial displacement of second precast member board of having settled and the measurement and the arrangement of angular displacement, the position that first precast member board will be positioned to stipulate.
If measure the free end and the abutting end of precast member board simultaneously, then especially has advantage.When the free end of precast member board, when settling with conventional method, at synchronization, the end of first precast member board adjacent with second precast member board that has placed is by measuring by axial displacement of the present invention and/or angular displacement and settling.By the common of these piece precast member board two ends and measurement and arrangement simultaneously, just can be extremely fast and settle precast member board exactly.
If settle precast member board according to its height, direction and its flexibility, then have advantage.Therefore, precast member board is settled by geodesy with by axial displacement method of the present invention according to height and direction.For instance, this arrangement realizes that by four axles these four axles are installed on four angles of precast member board.After the height of precast member board and direction are determined,, set the flexibility of precast member board, and, proofread and correct by axle in case of necessity by measuring by angular displacement method of the present invention by two other axle of the about concentric of precast member board therewith.
If first precast member board is measured by a measurement mechanism with respect to the axial displacement or the angular displacement of second precast member board, very simple, a quick and measurement accurate axial displacement and/or angular displacement is possible so.The foundation of measurement mechanism and transmission are very easy, and consequent expense is also little.
If the first of measurement mechanism is fixed on first precast member board, the second portion of measurement mechanism is fixed on second precast member board, this physical location with two precast member boards is foundation measurement mechanism has just set so.If a part that is fixed in two parts of the wherein measurement mechanism on of two precast member boards is provided with extendible portion, the form of its straight extendible portion of just settling with the side is overlapped on another part so, and will decide according to its angular displacement and/or side displacement and/or height displacement the deviation of the straight extendible portion of another part, so just can calculate, whether first precast member board continues as the crow flies according to second precast member board, and displacement and the angle of representing the setting that requires.If track routes is straight in the scope of two precast member boards, the extendible portion that is overlapped on another part of measurement mechanism so must be parallel fully with this another part.If this parallelism does not provide, that is to say, if the trend of two parts of measurement mechanism is subjected to displacement, perhaps tilt mutually, the position of first precast member board must obtain changing so, the just in time parallel and operation on an axis up to another part of extendible portion and measurement mechanism.
The position of precast member board particularly must keep accuracy in rail portion.In a row rail rest scope, when measurement axis displacement and/or angular displacement, has advantage thus.
For the part to measurement mechanism can exactly and can repeatedly position, when first and second parts of measurement mechanism are fixed in two device for fixing running tracks scopes at precast member board respectively, preferably fixing in two last device for fixing running tracks scopes, then have advantage.The device for fixing running tracks of these two precast member boards preferably directly couples together, and that is to say, preferably adopts device for fixing running tracks, in the interface range of first and second precast member boards opposite one another.
When in interface range, be preferably when directly coming the measurement axis displacement by the interface between first and second precast member boards, will obtain good measurement result.Therefore the arrangement of first precast member board, its accuracy can be very high.For the axis calibration displacement can change the position of precast member board, thus can be very easy and accurately realize.
What have advantage is, precast member board is owing to the crooked angular displacement that produces is measured in interface according to the position of measurement mechanism, and preferably above the survey mark of the measurement mechanism of 40cm first precast member board is measured a distance interface.In addition, also can calculate and adjust the dihedral setting of the first predetermined precast member board according to second precast member board by this survey mark.
According to the measurement mechanism that is used to settle precast member board of the present invention, be particularly useful for a kind of fixed running track of the vehicles of running at high speed, track for example is placed on first precast member board and meets a predetermined route and a position of having settled second precast member board.Therefore measurement mechanism has one first to measure ruler and one second and measure ruler, and one measured profile, and this is measured profile and measures ruler with one of them and be connected.By with measurement mechanism proper arrangement of the present invention on precast member board, can be by measuring the deviation of profile, this measurement profile demonstrates the straight extendible portion of a measurement ruler in two measurement rulers, determines the axle deviation and the angular displacement of the axis of another measurement ruler.If two measurement rulers move on an axis and do not have angular displacement mutually, the trend that so just demonstrates these two precast member boards all is straight in height, side surface direction and their mutual angles.
When the measurement profile is a measured angular, has advantage especially.If measured angular has been crossed two planes measuring ruler, just can determine a height displacement and a side displacement by measuring profile.
If install and measure table, when the digital measurement table preferably is installed, just can be by shown measurement profile of meter and the distance of measuring between the ruler, make the position of two precast member boards between mutually be offset and can decide fast and easily very much.By changing the position of first precast member board, the reading of meter will change.This situation can take place always, till the reading of meter reaches predetermined regulation numerical value.
Be loaded on the measurement of second on second precast member board ruler if the measurement profile is placed in, the extendible portion of second precast member board that has placed so can keep breaking away from for first precast member board that does not place as yet.Therefore, extendible portion is maintained fixed state by measuring profile when settling first precast member board.Be placed in first on first precast member board and measure profile, move according to the running of their settings, and change according to this measurement profile with first precast member board.When the distance between the measurement profile and the first measurement ruler demonstrated predetermined size, the position of first precast member board was exactly correct, and it can be fixed on this position.
What have advantage is, meter is placed in second and measures in the end ranges of ruler and be placed in first front end of measuring ruler.By such configuration, can calculate height displacement or the side displacement of first precast member board at an easy rate with respect to second precast member board.In addition, if, can also determine to be related to first precast member board of second precast member board so and be related to second angular displacement of measuring the extendible portion of ruler measuring the terminal of profile and being equipped with a meter again in first about centre position of measuring ruler.Angular displacement is to draw the measured value deviation by comparing with the meter that is configured in the second measurement ruler end ranges by the meter that is configured in measurement profile end.
If being mutually 90 degree ground, settle two meters, just axial displacement and/or angular displacement can be decided with vertical direction in the horizontal direction so.
Be fixed on the precast member board in order to measure ruler, measure ruler at least two fastening devicess should be housed respectively, have advantage like that.
If the related plane of fastening devices and device for fixing running tracks and/or precast member board, for example the rail rest plane concurs, and that just can guarantee that the tolerance that track allowed that is installed on the precast member board can come the proper arrangement precast member board by measurement mechanism of the present invention.
For quick, easy and accurately fastening devices is installed on the precast member board, preferably fastening devices carried out elasticity by spring to the related plane of device for fixing running tracks or precast member board and connect.Therefore fastening devices can be pressed on the predetermined plane all the time, and notices the measurement that being provided with of between two precast member boards on the route some interfaces carried out and the repetition accuracy of comparable measurement by this mode.
When fastening devices has a segment distance each other, and this segment distance approximately conforms to the outer distance on rail rest plane, and for example approximately during 85cm, fastening devices just can keep a highly stable and reliable stationary state.
In order to measure to the axial displacement of interface range between first and second precast member boards, fastening devices is placed in first to be measured on the ruler, making wins measures the outstanding about 3~5cm of prefabricated units plate interface that is higher than of ruler, fastening devices is placed on the second measurement ruler simultaneously, make the second measurement ruler before the prefabricated units plate interface, stop, so just have advantage.Measure profile by measuring to settle on the ruler, make that just first measurement of measuring ruler in the precast member board interface range can be carried out second.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 has showed the plan view of two precast member boards 1 and 2.Precast member board 2 has been placed in its position, and also need settle precast member board 1 this moment.These two precast member boards 1 and 2 are connected to each other on an interface 3.Because interface 3 and not depicted herein by the end of the every precast member board 1 avoided.Therefore precast member board 1 and 2 is only depicted a part here.
Rail rest plane 4 has been installed on precast member board 1 and 2.Fixing rail after rail rest plane 4 is used for.
In the embodiment of above-mentioned Fig. 1, form by rail respectively every row on the rail rest plane 4 of support and can install a measurement mechanism 5.Measurement mechanism 5 is used to settle the axial displacement and/or the angular displacement in axle center 6, and can work in the scope on rail rest plane 4 by precast member board 1 and 2.Do not allow any displacement in a straight track routes axle center 6 in service.Therefore precast member board 1 must be connected with the precast member board 2 that has installed as the crow flies.Axle center 6 must not only flatly but also vertically center according to precast member board 1 and precast member board 2 herein.Thus the axle center must go straight to, and do not allow bending, for example because the crooked caused bending of precast member board 1.In order to ensure so, must settle measurement mechanism 5.
Measurement mechanism 5 is made up of two measurement rulers 11 and 12.First measures ruler 11 is placed on the rail rest plane 4 of two last facing interfaces 3 by means of two fastening devicess 13.Fastening devices 13 is positioned at an end on the rail rest plane of avoiding mutually, to carry out broad and stable support to measuring ruler 11.Second measures ruler 12 is fixed on second precast member board 2 equally.Second measures and then interface 3 of ruler 12, and simultaneously, the first measurement ruler 11 is given prominence to and is higher than precast member board 1 terminal about 3~5cm, and stops in interface 3 places.
Ruler 12 is measured in fixed installation second on the precast member board of having settled 2, and measuring second has a measurement profile 14 on the ruler.Measuring profile 14 fixedlys connected with measurement ruler 12 abreast.Represented to measure the extendible portion that install ruler 12 sides thus.The part that measurement profile 14 has overlapped on the precast member board 1 is measured ruler 11.
In interface 3 scopes, measuring on the profile 14 two meters 15 ' and 15 " be positioned to and be mutually 90 and spend.Another one meter 15 are positioned at the end of measuring profile 14, and the about centre position between two rail rest planes 4, and ruler 11 is measured in fixed installation on these two rail rest planes.In interface 3 scopes, two meters 15 ' and 15 " according to measuring the axial displacement that ruler 12 is measured rulers 11.If there is the axial displacement of a horizontal direction, meter 15 ' will demonstrate with predetermined setting deviation.This just means that precast member board 1 is subjected to displacement with respect to the arrangement of precast member board 2 in the side.Axle center 6 in the displacement of vertical direction by meter 15 " demonstrate with predetermined setting deviation arranged.Corresponding, precast member board 1 is for precast member board 2, and its position is too high or too low.During any situation of precast member board 1 in being in both of these case, all can move and settle again.Be fit to given route guidance owing to avoided the free end of the precast member board 1 of interface, therefore a traditional geodesic measurement mechanism can be installed herein.For precast member board 1 can fixedly be settled according to track trend again according to precast member board 2, this measurement mechanism is applicable to and moves towards 6 collaborative setting at the interstice coverage inner axes.
For can be except the axial displacement of in interstice coverage, determining axle center 6, also can determine the angular displacement that may occur, therefore be equipped with the measurement profile 14 that has another meter 15 , and this meter preferably is placed in distance interface 3 above 40cm, for example position of 50cm.If axle center 6 go straight to, meter 15 just must demonstrate and meter 15 " identical numerical value.As long as determined deviate, just can reach a conclusion, precast member board 1 is crooked, perhaps is not positioned at predetermined height and position with respect to free end.Under the situation of precast member board 1 bending, can for example, axle be corrected to about centre position of the longitudinal direction that is positioned at precast member board 1 by proofreading and correct axle.This adjustment of proofreading and correct result and precast member board 1 is irrelevant, this adjustment is the flexibility that changes precast member board 1 by the axle on four angles that are placed in precast member board 1, and align meter 15 and meter 15 always " shown numerical value is identical, makes axle center 6 that a straight trend be arranged.
To settle precast member board 1 in order fixing according to two track axle center 6 and 6 ', to need to install second meter 5 ', this meter 5 ' is 4 ' arrangement along the rail rest plane.Its operating function is identical with the operating function of above-mentioned meter 5.
The lateral view of in Fig. 2, having represented Fig. 1.As we can see from the figure, precast member board 1 and 2 is placed on axle 18 and 18 '.Axle 18 is positioned at the corner location of precast member board 1 and 2, and axle 18 ' then is positioned at the intermediate range of precast member board 1.By the adjustment of center roller 18 and 18 ', can be in vertical adjustment precast member board 1 of precast member board 1 and 2 and 2 height and angle position and flexibility.
Measurement mechanism 5 is equipped with measures ruler 11 and 12, and they are fixing with fastening devices 13 on precast member board 1 and 2.Fastening devices 13 is positioned on the rail rest plane 4, because this rail rest plane 4 has conclusive effect for the track trend.Therefore, rail rest plane 4 should be made very accurately, could guarantee to measure ruler 11 and 12 like this and measure accurately.
Fig. 3 has showed the section III that passes measurement ruler 12 and measure profile 14.This measurement profile 14 is fixedlyed connected with measurement ruler 12 by connector 19.Line style part and the extendible portion installed ruler 12 sides have been represented to measure thus.Measure profile 14 as an angle.Can guarantee the good stable of meter 15 so on the one hand, also guarantee the stationarity of meter 15 on the other hand.
Fig. 4 has showed the section IV of Fig. 1.Be fixed on the measurement profile of measuring on the ruler 12 14 and overlapped the measurement ruler 11 of precast member board 1.The distance of measuring profile 14 and measuring between the ruler 11 is passed through meter 15 ' and 15 " measure.Size according to connector 19 is set a given size, and this given size is by meter 15 ' and 15 " show, in order to determine measuring whether ruler 11 is straight extensions of measuring ruler 12.If deviation is determined, then should correspondingly settle precast member board 1, up to meter 15 ' and 15 " till the numerical value size up to specification that shows.
In Fig. 5, described a section by the rail rest plane 4 of precast member board 2.Measurement mechanism 5, measurement ruler 12, measurement profile 14 and connector 19 all are fixed on the bracing means 13.Bracing means 13 is made up of a weight body 20 that has a support 21 and a supporter 22.Support 21 is located immediately on the accurate finished rail rest plane 4, guarantees that each support of bracing means 13 is stablized and safety.Supporter 22 is extruded in another plane on rail rest plane 4.Therefore a spring 23 can be installed, this spring is supported on the angle guided plate 24 in the above-described embodiments.Must be noted that when installing and measuring ruler 12 and measuring ruler 11 fix on the same center line in order to ensure measuring ruler 11 and 12, bracing means 13 is supported on the related plane, two precast member boards 1 and 2 related plane are similar.Related plane is the preferential plane of selecting, and attachment rail on these planes moves towards straight to guarantee the track after track is installed.