CN1764153A - 一种基于rtp的数据报文传输的实现方法 - Google Patents

一种基于rtp的数据报文传输的实现方法 Download PDF

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CN1764153A
CN1764153A CNA2004100865027A CN200410086502A CN1764153A CN 1764153 A CN1764153 A CN 1764153A CN A2004100865027 A CNA2004100865027 A CN A2004100865027A CN 200410086502 A CN200410086502 A CN 200410086502A CN 1764153 A CN1764153 A CN 1764153A
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data message
rtp
port
communications equipment
implementation method
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CN100466598C (zh
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马云
郭�东
陈诚
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其核心为：数据通讯设备根据接收的基于实时传输协议RTP的数据报文中承载的信息确定随机值，根据所述随机值确定数据报文传输的端口，根据所述端口传输所述数据报文。本发明利用RTP数据报文中承载的信息对应的随机值来确定数据报文的物理传输端口，使数据通讯设备中的各端口得到均匀使用，尤其在数据通讯设备使用多个物理端口捆绑成为的逻辑端口进行数据传输时，使逻辑端口的带宽资源得到充分利用；本发明有效的保证了RTP数据报文的有序传输；从而实现了提高网络带宽的使用率，节约网络带宽资源的目的。

Description

一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法
技术领域
本发明涉及网络通讯技术领域，具体涉及一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法。
背景技术
在网络通讯系统中，两个数据通讯设备之间可以通过10/100M的FE端口和1000M的GE端口的以太网端口进行数据通讯。
当两个数据通讯设备之间同时使用多个FE/GE端口进行通讯时，可以把多个FE/GE端口捆绑成一个带宽更大的逻辑端口，如附图1所示，将数据通讯设备1和数据通讯设备2之间的多个FE/GE端口捆绑为一个逻辑端口，数据通讯设备1和数据通讯设备2之间通过该逻辑端口进行通讯。
使用一个逻辑端口进行通讯时，可以只为该逻辑端口配置一个IP地址和MAC地址，有效节省了IP地址资源；当被捆绑为逻辑端口中的一个或者多个FE/GE端口出现故障时，可以使用其它的FE/GE端口通讯，不需要单独的FE/GE备份端口；而且单独一个FE/GE端口在正常通讯过程中其带宽使用率一般不能超过95％，而多个端口捆绑为一个逻辑端口时，逻辑端口在正常通讯过程中其带宽使用率不超过总带宽的95％就可以了，有效提高了带宽的利用率。
捆绑后的逻辑端口遵从IEEE802.3ad协议，协议中规定，对同一会话报文要求保证顺序，即同一个会话报文只能在逻辑端口中的同一个物理端口上发送。在通过逻辑端口对会话报文进行传输时，可以通过IP报文中的MAC地址、IP地址、IP报文的端口号来标识一个会话，然后根据这些标识计算出一个物理端口，所有这个会话的报文都通过该物理端口发送。
当两个大容量网络设备如两个NGN(下一代网络)的媒体网关进行通讯时，会话的发起点和终结点都是这两个网关，由于这两个网关之间的IP报文只有少量的MAC地址、IP地址，且IP报文的端口号数量有限、分配规则固定，所以，使用MAC地址、IP地址或者端口号来标识会话，会使大量的IP报文只能在某几个固定的物理端口上发送，使逻辑端口中的物理端口使用不均匀，从而使带宽资源不能充分利用，降低了带宽的使用率，造成带宽资源浪费，没有达到捆绑以太网接口节省带宽的目的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，根据数据报文承载的信息对应的随机值确定的端口对数据报文进行传输，使数据通讯设备的端口均匀使用，节约了网络带宽资源。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，包括：
a、数据通讯设备根据接收的基于实时传输协议RTP的数据报文中承载的信息确定随机值；
b、根据所述随机值确定数据报文传输的端口；
c、根据所述确定的端口传输所述数据报文。
所述数据通讯设备为：基于以太网接口的数据通讯设备。
所述数据报文传输端口包括：逻辑端口中的物理端口。
所述基于RTP的数据报文中承载的信息包括：RTP层的时间戳信息。
所述步骤a进一步包括：
数据通讯设备获取其接收的基于RTP的数据报文承载的RTP层的时间戳信息；
根据所述数据通讯设备对RTP数据报文的打包时长确定所述时间戳信息对应的随机值。
所述随机值为：随机时间戳初始值或时间戳信息以所述打包时长为除数的余数。
所述步骤b具体为：
根据所述随机值的哈希运算值确定数据报文传输端口。
所述步骤b具体为：
确定所述随机值的哈希运算值；
确定所述哈希运算值以所述数据通讯设备的端口数为除数的余数；
根据所述余数确定数据报文的传输端口。
所述方法还包括：
所述数据通讯设备根据其端口顺序将接收的基于RTP的数据报文依次传输。
所述方法还包括：
所述数据通讯设备根据其端口顺序将接收的基于实时传输控制协议的数据报文依次传输。
通过上述技术方案的描述可明显得知，本发明利用RTP数据报文中承载的信息来确定随机值，通过随机值确定数据报文传输的物理端口，当利用RTP层信息中的时间戳信息对应的随机值，如根据时间戳初始值或时间戳信息以所述打包时长为除数的余数来确定数据报文传输的物理端口，使数据通讯设备中的各物理端口得到均匀使用，尤其在数据通讯设备使用多个物理端口捆绑成为的逻辑端口进行数据传输时，使逻辑端口中的各物理端口得到均匀使用，使网络带宽资源得到充分利用；由于同一语音业务的各RTP数据报文的时间戳数值对应相同的时间戳初始值或上述余数，使本发明可简单方便的将同一语音业务中的RTP数据报文通过同一物理端口传输，有效的保证了RTP数据报文的有序传输；本发明将RTP数据报文直接在多个物理端口上均匀轮流传输可以使RTP数据报文得到基本有序传输；本发明可以将非RTP数据报文直接在多个物理端口上均匀轮流传输；从而通过本发明提供的技术方案实现了提高网络带宽的使用率，节约网络带宽资源的目的。
附图说明
图1是FE/GE接口捆绑示意图；
图2是RTP层格式示意图；
图3是本发明的数据报文传输流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是：数据通讯设备根据接收的基于实时传输协议RTP的数据报文中承载的信息确定随机值，根据所述随机值确定数据报文传输的端口，根据所述确定的端口传输所述数据报文。
下面基于本发明的核心思想对本发明提供的技术方案做进一步的描述。
以太网中的数据通讯设备在通过由多个FE/GE端口捆绑为的逻辑端口传输基于RTP的语音业务时，可以根据数据报文中承载的RTP层信息确定传输该语音业务的数据报文的逻辑端口中的物理端口。
以数据报文承载的RTP层信息中的时间戳信息为例，对确定捆绑为逻辑端口中的传输数据报文的物理端口过程进行说明。
对于语音业务，基于RTP数据报文的格式如表1所示：
表1
  MAC层   IP层   UDP层   RTP层   语音承载数据
其中，MAC层信息的长度为14个字节、IP层信息的长度为20个字节、UDP层信息的长度为8个字节，RTP层信息的格式如附图2所示。
在图2中，从RTP层信息的第5个字节开始为时间戳(Timestamp)字段，时间戳字段的长度为4个字节。
本发明的数据通讯设备在接收到RTP数据报文后，直接跳过数据报文中承载的MAC层信息、IP层信息、UDP层信息，从RTP层信息的第5个字节开始读取32bit的时间戳信息，即从RTP数据报文的第47个字节开始读取32bit的时间戳信息。然后，根据读取的时间戳信息、语音会话的打包时长确定随机值，如时间戳初始值或根据时间戳信息、RTP数据报文的打包时长确定的随机值。
语音会话的第一个RTP数据报文中的时间戳信息是随机产生的，称其为时间戳初始值，同一个语音会话的后续第二个、第三个等RTP数据报文中的时间戳数值根据会话要求的打包时长的采样点在时间戳初始值的基础上有规律的依次增加。
一般情况下，语音会话的采样点是一秒钟8000个采样点、语音会话的打包时长为5ms的倍数，如G.711 5ms、G.711 10ms、G.711 20ms、G.729 20ms、G.723 30ms等。这样，5ms对应的采样点个数为40个，既每5ms，同一个语音会话的后续RTP数据报文中的时间戳数据应在其对应的时间戳初始值的基础上增加40。如会话的第一个RTP数据报文随机产生的时间戳初始值为100，语音会话的打包时长是10ms，那么同一个会话的第二个RTP数据报文中的时间戳为180、第三个RTP数据报文中的时间戳为260，同一个会话的后续RTP数据报文中的时间戳数值依此类推。
由于时间戳初始值是随机产生的，所以根据时间戳初始值来确定数据报文传输的物理端口，使捆绑为逻辑端口中的各物理端口得到均匀的使用，从而提高了网络带宽的利用率。
对于同一个语音会话的RTP数据报文其对应的时间戳初始值是相同的，因此，同一个语音会话的RTP数据报文根据其时间戳初始值确定物理端口，可以使同一个语音会话的RTP数据报文能够从同一个物理端口传输，有效保证了同一个语音会话的RTP数据报文的有序传输。
设定时间戳信息为S、语音会话的打包时长为5ms，则根据时间戳信息、RTP数据报文的打包时长确定的随机值的方法可以为：S以40为除数的余数。
同样，由于时间戳初始值是随机产生的，利用时间戳信息、打包时长确定的余数也是随机的，而且同一个语音会话的RTP数据报文的时间戳信息对应相同的余数，所以，根据该余数来确定RTP数据报文的传输端口，使捆绑为逻辑端口中的各物理端口得到均匀的使用，提高了网络带宽的利用率，有效保证了同一个语音会话的RTP数据报文的有序传输。
根据随机值确定捆绑为逻辑端口中传输数据报文的物理端口的方法可以通过哈希函数来实现，设定数据通讯设备中捆绑为一个逻辑端口的物理端口数为N，哈希函数为H()，RTP数据报文中承载的时间戳值为S，语音会话的打包时长为5ms，以上述求余数为例，传输该RTP数据报文的物理端口P为：
P＝H(S％40)％N；
其中：40是5ms对应的采样点个数、S％40得到该RTP数据报文对应的余数、H(S％40)为以该余数为参数做哈希运算，哈希函数可以任意选取的，H(S％40)％N得到传输该RTP数据报文的物理端口。
由于语音会话的打包时长为5ms的倍数，一般为20ms，也就是每20ms才产生一个RTP数据报文，所以，数据通讯设备将其按顺序接收的RTP数据报文直接在多个物理端口上顺序均匀轮流传输，在接收端接收到的RTP数据报文也基本上是有序的，接收端对接收的少量无序报文做适当的乱序调整，可以恢复RTP数据报文的顺序，利用这样的传输方法同样可以使网络带宽得到高效利用。
对于数据通讯设备之间传输的非RTP数据报文，如基于RTCP(实时传输控制协议)的数据报文，可以采用直接在多个物理端口上均匀轮流传输的方法对RTCP报文进行数据报文传输，以保证网络带宽得到高效利用。
下面结合附图3对本发明的RTP数据报文传输方法进一步说明。
在图3中，步骤300，数据通讯设备接收数据报文，该数据报文需要通过捆绑为逻辑端口中的一个物理端口传输。
到步骤310，数据通讯设备通过VLAN(虚拟局域网)、VPN(虚拟专用网)、Qos(服务质量)等技术区分其接收的数据报文为RTP数据报文，还是非RTP数据报文，如果数据通讯设备接收的数据报文是非RTP数据报文，到步骤311，将此非RTP数据报文直接在多个物理端口上均匀轮流传输。
在步骤310，如果数据通讯设备接收的数据报文为RTP数据报文，到步骤320，从该RTP数据报文的第47个字节开始读取32bit的时间戳信息。
到步骤330，根据语音会话的打包时长确定该时间戳信息对应的时间戳初始值或根据时间戳信息、打包时长确定余数。
到步骤340，将上述获得的时间戳初始值或余数作哈希运算，并确定传输该RTP数据报文的物理端口。
到步骤350，将该RTP数据报文通过上述确定的物理端口传输。
虽然通过实施例描绘了本发明，本领域普通技术人员知道，本发明有许多变形和变化而不脱离本发明的精神，希望所附的权利要求包括这些变形和变化。

Claims (10)

1、一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于包括：
a、数据通讯设备根据接收的基于实时传输协议RTP的数据报文中承载的信息确定随机值；
b、根据所述随机值确定数据报文传输的端口；
c、根据所述确定的端口传输所述数据报文。
2、如权利要求1所述的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于所述数据通讯设备为：基于以太网接口的数据通讯设备。
3、如权利要求1所述的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于所述数据报文传输端口包括：逻辑端口中的物理端口。
4、如权利要求1所述的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于所述基于RTP的数据报文中承载的信息包括：RTP层的时间戳信息。
5、如权利要求4所述的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于所述步骤a进一步包括：
数据通讯设备获取其接收的基于RTP的数据报文承载的RTP层的时间戳信息；
根据所述数据通讯设备对RTP数据报文的打包时长确定所述时间戳信息对应的随机值。
6、如权利要求4所述的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于所述随机值为：随机时间戳初始值或时间戳信息以所述打包时长为除数的余数。
7、如权利要求4或5或6所述的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于所述步骤b具体为：
根据所述随机值的哈希运算值确定数据报文传输端口。
8、如权利要求7所述的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于所述步骤b具体为：
确定所述随机值的哈希运算值；
确定所述哈希运算值以所述数据通讯设备的端口数为除数的余数；
根据所述余数确定数据报文的传输端口。
9、如权利要求1所述的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于所述方法还包括：
所述数据通讯设备根据其端口顺序将接收的基于RTP的数据报文依次传输。
10、如权利要求1所述的一种基于RTP的数据报文传输的实现方法，其特征在于所述方法还包括：
所述数据通讯设备根据其端口顺序将接收的基于实时传输控制协议的数据报文依次传输。
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