CN1762846A - Pollution removing composite medicament - Google Patents

Abstract

The composite water pollutant eliminating chemical preparation consists of permanganate, ferrate, silicate polymer and inorganic salt. The present invention has the efficient pollutant eliminating and flocculating effects of composite potassium permanganate-ferrate preparation as well as the adsorption, rolling and sweeping effects of inorganic polymer. The composite water pollutant eliminating chemical preparation has powerful oxidation property, which may be utilized to destruct viruses and bacteria, generating less side sterilizing product. In addition, the composite water pollutant eliminating chemical preparation has excellent raised coagulation and filtering effects for eliminating turbid matter, color, algae, bad smell, organic pollutant, mutagenic matter, etc.

Description

The depollution compound

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of depollution medicament that is used for water treatment.

Background technology:

China's seven big major river valley surface water organic contaminations at present are generally serious day by day, and the kind of pollutent is increasing, and pollution of waterhead is challenged to existing water purification technology.Data presentation, existing purification techniques can not guarantee the security of drinking water quality.In the coagulation-settlement process link, water-borne glue body particle is difficult to take off surely, and the dosage of coagulating agent increases greatly, and organic pollutant is difficult to remove from water, and cost of water treatment rises significantly.In the filtration process link, organic increase in the water causes the filter material surface in the filter tank to be subjected to organic pollution, and surface properties changes, partly or entirely lost absorption and crown_interception, filtered and greatly weaken as the crucial barrier action in the technology to colloidal impurity.Turbidity, organic pollutant do not obtain effectively catching in filtration procedure.In the sterilization process link,, thereby produce more disinfection byproduct (DBP) because aforementioned processing technology fails effectively to remove organic pollutant.Pollute under the comparatively serious condition at water, use coagulating agent to be not enough to sometimes organic removal is produced good effect separately, at this moment need to use various medicaments combined action reinforcing process, comprising: the material that adopts ozone, prechlorination, potassium permanganate, dioxide peroxide etc. to have oxidizing property carries out preoxidation, these pre-oxidation processes not only can be removed organism, can also reach enhanced coagulation, filtering purpose to the influence of colloidal solid by destroying organism.Adding various medicaments simultaneously needs two covers or the above system of two covers, and the operation management is comparatively complicated, and cost of equipment is also higher.Removing little pollution with ozone pre-oxidation is example, and for a medium-scale water factory (100,000 ton per day), investment reaches millions of to up to ten million units.Research shows that also some oxygenants such as ozone, chlorine etc. also can produce some by products removing organism simultaneously.Can work out a kind of economy, efficient, safety, the novel depollution compound that integrates enhanced coagulation, filtration and depollution, make it have the control of adding aspect and need a cover system, the convenient and simple advantage in operation operational management aspect, this processing to current Chinese polluted water has positive effect.Disclose a kind of " drinking water purifying technique with compound permanganate medicament " among the CN1103628A,, had many shortcomings such as waste equipment, control is complicated, effect is bad, molecular weight is little because permanganate composite chemical and coagulating agent need add respectively.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of economy, efficient, safety, integrate the depollution compound of enhanced coagulation, filtration and depollution.Medicament of the present invention is made up of permanganate, ferrate, silicate polymer, inorganic salt, and described inorganic salt are Al ³⁺Salt and/or Fe ³⁺Salt, their weight percent is: permanganate 0.1～40%, ferrate 0.1～40%, silicate polymer 0.1～30%, inorganic salt 0.1～80%.Owing to contain permanganate and stable ferric salt composition and the inorganic polymer material that aggregates into by silicate in the compound under certain condition, thereby synergy such as given full play to that the good oxidation between various compositions in the depollution medicament, catalysis, charge neutrality, absorption volume are swept.The distinctive character of reaction in water of ferric salt (+6 valency): oxidation and destruction organism, reaction product is originally as molysite (+3 valency), and is without any side effects to human body, generates the good coagulating agent of usefulness; Permanganate (+7 valency) has oxidation and destroys organism, generates Manganse Dioxide absorption colloidal impurity and organism and plays catalysed oxidn, reaches the effect of enhanced coagulation, intensive filtration; Simultaneously the high molecular absorption volume that ferric-polysilicate is brought into play its high-valence cationic charge neutrality effect and silicate polymer own in the compound is swept effect, and its molecular weight can reach 10 ⁵～10 ⁶Dalton, the ferric-polysilicate coagulating agent compares with organic polymer coargulator (polyacrylamide etc.) with the inorganic coagulant (Tai-Ace S 150, polyaluminium sulfate, polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate etc.) that is using at present because nontoxic greatly, the advantages such as price is low, coagulation effect excellence of its molecular weight promise to be inorganic polymer coagulant of new generation very much.The present invention has the control of adding aspect needs a cover system, the convenient and simple advantage that is easy to realize controlling automatically advantage in operation operational management aspect, it has given full play to the efficient synergy of each composition in the depollution medicament in the processing of polluted water: efficient depollution, the throwing out of both having brought into play high ferrimanganic compound, bring into play the absorption of inorganic polymer excellence again and roll up the effect of sweeping, its treatment effect to polluted-water is very excellent, and this technology is the strengthening treatment process that our country goes out in tap water depollution field independent studies.Depollution medicament of the present invention can be preserved the long period, itself contain natural sterilizing agent, can utilize its high price strong oxidizing property break virus and bacterium fully, the generation of disinfection byproduct (DBP) is much smaller than the disinfection byproduct (DBP) that chlorine disinfectant produced, and this medicament is removed turbidity, colourity, algae in enhanced coagulation, intensive filtration, smells flavor, removes micro quantity organic pollutant and mutagenesis active substance in the water, reduces haloform antecedent and haloform growing amount, replaces prechlorination, reduced the performance that has excellence aspect the consumption of coagulating agent.For example: this water treatment depollution compound is in the processing of the Huanghe valley four class water bodys experiment, and dosage is during in iron 2～5mg/l, only COD in coagulation-settlement process _MnJust can remove 70～80%, nitrite nitrogen is all removed.Clearance to downstream, the Yellow River lake and reservoir algae and water can reach 90～99%, and chroma removal rate can reach more than 90%.To COD _CrConcentration is the trade effluent of 120～130mg/l, and dosage is only just removed COD during in iron 5～8mg/l in coagulation-settlement process _CrAbout 70～80%, reach industrial wastewater discharge standard and reuse standard.

Embodiment:

Embodiment one: the water treatment depollution medicament of present embodiment is made up of permanganate, ferrate, silicate polymer, inorganic salt, and described inorganic salt are Al ³⁺Salt and/or Fe ³⁺Salt, their weight percent is: permanganate 0.1～40%, ferrate 0.1～40%, silicate polymer 0.1～30%, inorganic salt 0.1～80%.Described permanganate is potassium permanganate or sodium permanganate; Described ferrate is potassium ferrate or Na2Fe04; Described silicate polymer can form compounds such as high poly-ferromanganese silicon, high poly-manganese aluminium silicon, high poly-iron silicon, high poly-iron aluminium silicon, high poly-aluminium silicon with other material.The present embodiment medicament add the position at the front end of coagulation process or at the front end of filtration process, perhaps the front end of coagulation process with add simultaneously at the filtration process front end, the form that adds is for to add with liquid form, perhaps add with solid form, adding pharmaceutical quantities is the active drug dosage of 0～100mg/L.

Embodiment two: present embodiment is an example with surface water body 3 classes, it is 0.1～5% that the depollution medicament is mixed with mass concentration, the control dosage is 3～20mg/L, wherein permanganate 10～30%, ferrate 10～40%, silicate polymer 0.1～15%, Fe ³⁺Salt 15～60% is added to it in the water body before coagulation, and filter back delivery turbidity clearance improves 40%, and the organic pollutant removal rate improves 40%, and added amount of chemical saves 25% than the conventional dose dosage, and haloform antecedent and haloform growing amount reduce significantly.

Embodiment three: present embodiment is an example with surface water body 4 classes, and it is 0.1～5% that medicament is mixed with concentration, and the control dosage is 10～60mg/L, permanganate 5～25%, ferrate 20～30%, silicate polymer 0.1～15%, Fe ³⁺Salt 30～50%.Above-mentioned medicament is added in the water body before the coagulation, filter back delivery turbidity clearance improves 30～40%, the organic pollutant removal rate improves 30～40%, and added amount of chemical saves 10～15% than the conventional dose dosage, and haloform antecedent and haloform growing amount reduce significantly.

Claims (3)

1, depollution compound is characterized in that it is made up of permanganate, ferrate, silicate polymer, inorganic salt, and described inorganic salt are Al ³⁺Salt and/or Fe ³⁺Salt, their weight percent is: permanganate 0.1～40%, ferrate 0.1～40%, silicate polymer 0.1～30%, inorganic salt 0.1～80%.

2, depollution compound according to claim 1 is characterized in that described permanganate is potassium permanganate or sodium permanganate.

3, depollution compound according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ferrate is potassium ferrate or Na2Fe04.