CN1319871C

CN1319871C - Pollution removing medicament for water disposal

Info

Publication number: CN1319871C
Application number: CNB2004100439551A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许国仁
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2004-10-20
Filing date: 2004-10-20
Publication date: 2007-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 2024-10-20
Also published as: CN1762844A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pollution removing medicament for water disposal, particularly to a pollution removing medicament used for water disposal. The present invention is composed of ferrate, silicate polymer and adjuvant. The pollution removing medicament of the present invention contains natural disinfectant, and the high valence strong oxidizing destroyed viruses and the bacteria of the pollution removing medicament can be fully used. The generated disinfection accessory substance of the present invention is far smaller than the disinfection accessory substance generated by chlorination, and the medicament has excellent performance in enhancing coagulation, intensifying filtration, removing turbidity, color, algae and smell, removing trace organic pollutant and mutagenic active substances in water, reducing haloform front quality and haloform produced quantity, replacing prechlorination, and reducing the dose of coagulant.

Description

Water treatment depollution medicament

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of depollution medicament that is used for water treatment.

Background technology:

China's seven big major river valley surface water organic contaminations at present are generally serious day by day, and the kind of pollutent is increasing, and pollution of waterhead is challenged to existing water purification technology.Data presentation, existing purification techniques can not guarantee the security of drinking water quality.In the coagulation-settlement process link, water-borne glue body particle is difficult to take off surely, and the dosage of coagulating agent increases greatly, and organic pollutant is difficult to remove from water, and cost of water treatment rises significantly.In the filtration process link, organic increase in the water causes the filter material surface in the filter tank to be subjected to organic pollution, and surface properties changes, partly or entirely lost absorption and crown_interception, filtered and greatly weaken as the crucial barrier action in the technology to colloidal impurity.Turbidity, organic pollutant do not obtain effectively catching in filtration procedure.In the sterilization process link,, thereby produce more disinfection byproduct (DBP) because aforementioned processing technology fails effectively to remove organic pollutant.Pollute under the comparatively serious condition at water, use coagulating agent to be not enough to sometimes organic removal is produced good effect separately, at this moment need to use various medicaments combined action reinforcing process, comprising: the material that adopts ozone, prechlorination, potassium permanganate, dioxide peroxide etc. to have oxidizing property carries out preoxidation, these pre-oxidation processes not only can be removed organism, can also reach enhanced coagulation, filtering purpose to the influence of colloidal solid by destroying organism.Adding various medicaments simultaneously needs two covers or the above system of two covers, and the operation management is comparatively complicated, and cost of equipment is also higher.Removing little pollution with ozone pre-oxidation is example, and for a medium-scale water factory (100,000 ton per day), investment reaches millions of to up to ten million units.Research shows that also some oxygenants such as ozone, chlorine etc. also can produce some by products removing organism simultaneously.Can work out a kind of economy, efficient, safety, the novel depollution compound that integrates enhanced coagulation, filtration and depollution, make it have the control of adding aspect and need a cover system, the convenient and simple advantage in operation operational management aspect, this processing to current Chinese polluted water has positive effect.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of economy, efficient, safety, integrate the water treatment depollution medicament of enhanced coagulation, filtration and depollution.Medicament of the present invention is made up of ferrate, silicate polymer, assistant agent, and their weight percent is: ferrate 0.1～50%, silicate polymer 0.1～35%, assistant agent 15～80%; Wherein said assistant agent is one or more the mixture in ferric sulfate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, phosphoric acid salt, superoxide, hypochlorite, oxymuriate, special clay, Tai-Ace S 150, the polyaluminium sulfate, the mixture of one or more in montmorillonite, Peng Run soil, Attapulgite, zeolite and the diatomite of described special clay after for activation.Because the inorganic polymer material that contains ferrate and aggregate under certain condition in the compound by silicate, thereby synergy such as given full play to that the good oxidation between various compositions in the novel depollution medicament, catalysis, charge neutrality, absorption volume are swept.The distinctive character of reaction in water of ferric salt (+6 valency): oxidation and destruction organism, reaction product is originally as molysite (+3 valency), and is without any side effects to human body, generates the good coagulating agent of usefulness; The while ferric-polysilicate is brought into play the high molecular absorption volume of its high-valence cationic charge neutrality effect and silicate polymer own and is swept effect, and its molecular weight can reach 10 ⁵～10 ⁶Dalton, the ferric-polysilicate coagulating agent compares with organic polymer coargulator (polyacrylamide etc.) with the inorganic coagulant (Tai-Ace S 150, polyaluminium sulfate, polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate etc.) that is using at present because nontoxic greatly, the advantages such as price is low, coagulation effect excellence of its molecular weight promise to be inorganic polymer coagulant of new generation very much.Depollution medicament of the present invention itself contains natural sterilizing agent, can utilize its high price strong oxidizing property break virus and bacterium fully, the generation of disinfection byproduct (DBP) is much smaller than the disinfection byproduct (DBP) that chlorine disinfectant produced, and this medicament is removed turbidity, colourity, algae in enhanced coagulation, intensive filtration, smells flavor, removes micro quantity organic pollutant and mutagenesis active substance in the water, reduces haloform antecedent and haloform growing amount, replaces prechlorination, reduced the performance that has excellence aspect the consumption of coagulating agent.For example: this water treatment depollution compound is in the processing of the Huanghe valley four class water bodys experiment, and dosage is during in iron 5～8mg/l, only COD in coagulation-settlement process _MnJust can remove 70～80%, the clearance that nitrite nitrogen is all removed downstream, the Yellow River lake and reservoir algae and water can reach 90～95%, and chroma removal rate can reach 80%.To COD _CrConcentration is the trade effluent of 120～130mg/l, and dosage is only just removed COD during in iron 5～8mg/l in coagulation-settlement process _CrAbout 70～80%, reach industrial wastewater discharge standard and reuse standard substantially.

Embodiment:

Embodiment one: the water treatment depollution medicament of present embodiment is made up of ferrate, silicate polymer, assistant agent, and their weight percent is: ferrate 0.1～50%, silicate polymer 0.1～35%, assistant agent 15～80%.Described ferrate is potassium ferrate or Na2Fe04; Described silicate polymer can form compounds such as high poly-iron silicon, high poly-aluminium silicon or high poly-iron aluminium silicon with other material; Described assistant agent can be one or more the mixture in ferric sulfate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, phosphoric acid salt, superoxide, hypochlorite, oxymuriate, special clay, Tai-Ace S 150, the polyaluminium sulfate according to actual water quality.One or more mixture in montmorillonite, Peng Run soil, Attapulgite, zeolite and the diatomite of described special clay after for activation.The present embodiment medicament add the position at the front end of coagulation process or at the front end of filtration process, perhaps the front end of coagulation process with add simultaneously at the filtration process front end, the form that adds is for to add with liquid form, perhaps add with solid form, adding pharmaceutical quantities is the active drug dosage of 0～100mg/L.

Embodiment two: the water treatment depollution medicament of present embodiment is made up of ferrate, silicate polymer, assistant agent, and their weight percent is: ferrate 5～45%, silicate polymer 0.1～30%, assistant agent 25～65%.

Embodiment three: present embodiment is an example with surface water body 3 classes, it is 0.1～5% that the depollution medicament is mixed with mass concentration, the control dosage is 3～20mg/L, wherein ferrate 20%, silicate polymer 20%, assistant agent 60%, it is added in the water body before the coagulation, filter back delivery turbidity clearance improves 30～50%, the organic pollutant removal rate improves 30～50%, added amount of chemical saves 10～15% than the conventional dose dosage, and haloform antecedent and haloform growing amount reduce significantly.

Embodiment four: present embodiment is an example with surface water body 4 classes, and it is 0.1～5% that medicament is mixed with concentration, and the control dosage is 10～60mg/L, wherein ferrate 35%, silicate polymer 15%, assistant agent 50%.Above-mentioned medicament is added in the water body before the coagulation, filter back delivery turbidity clearance improves 40～50%, the organic pollutant removal rate improves 30～50%, and added amount of chemical saves 30～40% than the conventional dose dosage, and haloform antecedent and haloform growing amount reduce significantly.

Claims

1, water treatment depollution medicament is characterized in that it is made up of ferrate, silicate polymer, assistant agent, and their weight percent is: ferrate 0.1～50%, silicate polymer 0.1～35%, assistant agent 15～80%; Wherein said assistant agent is one or more the mixture in ferric sulfate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, phosphoric acid salt, superoxide, hypochlorite, oxymuriate, special clay, Tai-Ace S 150, the polyaluminium sulfate, the mixture of one or more in montmorillonite, Peng Run soil, Attapulgite, zeolite and the diatomite of described special clay after for activation.

2, water treatment depollution medicament according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ferrate is potassium ferrate or Na2Fe04.